The Inverse Weibull distribution is the one of the widely applied distribution. In this paper, we are going to extend the study of the Beta Inverse Weibull distribution (BIW). The Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) procedure is implemented in the BIW distribution with three parameters. In computation, the Newton-Raphson method is applied using single and multiple initializations, the steepest descent method is also implemented using single and multiple initializations, and the simulation results are given. Finally, practical use of the methods is demonstrated by dint of an application to real data.
- Page(s): 01-06
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- Md Nur IslamMinnesota State University, Mankato, MN 56001, USA
- Mezbahur RahmanMinnesota State University, Mankato, MN 56001, USA
References
[1]. An, Dayeong and Rahman, Mezbahur (2015). Maximum Likelihood Parameter Estimation for Beta Inverse Weibull Distribution. Far East Journal of Mathematical Sciences (FJMS), 97(2), 131-137. [2]. Burden, R. L. and Faires, J. D. (2011). Numerical Analysis. Boston, MA: BROOKS/COLE, CENGAGE Learning [3]. Eugene, N., Lee, C., and Famoye, F. (2002). Beta-normal distribution and its applications. Comm. Statist.Theory Methods, 31(4), 497-512. [4]. Hanook, S., Shahbaz, M. Q., Mohsin, M., and Kibria, B. M. G. (2013). A Note On Beta Inverse-Weibull Distribution. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 42(2), 320-335. [5]. Press, W. H., Teukolsky, S. A., Vetterling, W. T., and Flannery, B. P. (1992). Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing. Second Edition. Cambridge University Press. [6]. Khan, M. S. (2010). The Beta Inverse Weibull Distribution. International Transactions in Mathematical Sciences and Computer, 3(1), 113-119.
Md Nur Islam and Mezbahur Rahman "A Note on Beta Inverse Weibull Distribution MLE" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-(IJRSI) vol.4 issue 2, pp.01-06 2017
The law of sale regulate the contract of sale in which an agreement whereby the seller to transfer or agrees to transfer the property in goods to the buyer and the latter agrees to pay the price of the goods to the seller. This study is a comparative legal analysis between the CISG and Ethiopian sales law which focus on the buyer’s remedies for breach of contract by the seller. The major finding of this study revealed that, except few provisions, Ethiopia’s sales law governing buyer’s remedies are incompatible with CISG provisions. This study also recommends Ethiopia to accede the CISG for their trader’s to access the world market and to encourage their involvement in the world market.
- Page(s): 07-11
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- Azene Endalamaw BasazinewHaramaya University,Ethiopia
References
[1]. Larry A. DiMatteo, International Sales Law A Global Challenge 258 (2014) [2]. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, November 2010, art. 1 [3]. Nevi Agapious, Buyer’s Remedies’ Under The CISG and English Sales Law: A Comparative Analysis (Thesis for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Lister), unpublished, 2016, at 50 available at https://lra.le.ac.uk/bitstream/2381/36373/1/2016AGAPIOUNPhD.pdf accessed on 08/01/2017 [4]. Id. a t 52 [5]. Franco Ferrari et al, The Draft UNCITRAL Digest and Unresolved Issues in the U.N. Sales Convention 353 (2003) [6]. Christiana Fountoulakis, Remedies for breach of contract under the United Nations Convention on the International Sale of Goods 14 (2010) [7]. Supra note 2, Article 45(3) and 61(3) [8]. Id. article 47(2) [9]. Larry A. Dimatteo et al, International Sales Law A Critical Analysis of CISG Jurisprudence 134 (2004) [10]. Nevi Agapious, supra note 3, at 134 [11]. Larry A. Dimatteo et al, supra note 9, at135 [12]. Nevi Agapious, supra note 3, at 116 [13]. Nevi Agapious, supra note 3, at 116 [14]. Id. at 118 [15]. Larry A. Dimatteo et al, supra note 9, at 139 [16]. Christiana Fountoulakis, Remedies for breach of contract under the United Nations Convention on the International Sale of Goods 20 (2010) [17]. Id. [18]. Larry A. Dimatteo, International Sales Law A Global Challenge 261 (2014) [19]. Id. at 259 [20]. Civil Code of the Empire of Ethiopia, Proclamation no. 165/1960, Federal Negarit Gazzeta 19th Year No. 2, Addis Ababa, 5th May 1960, Article 2267(1) [21]. Id. [22]. Supra note 20, Art. 1771 [23]. Id. [24]. Id. [25]. Id. Art. 1776 [26]. Supra note 20, Art. 1784 and Art. 1786 [27]. Id. Art. 1785 [28]. Supra note 20, Art. 1771 [29]. Id. [30]. Id. Art. 1791 (2) [31]. Id. Art. 1793 [32]. Messelu M. E, A Critical Analysis of Ethiopian Civil Code Governing Sale of Goods in the Light of International Convention and Principles, Beijing Law Review (2016), at 144 available at http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/blr.2016.72015, accessed on 04/01/2017.
Azene Endalamaw Basazinew "The Buyer’s Remedy under CISG and Ethiopian Sales Law: A Comparative Legal Study" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.07-11 2017
Many metal treating processes desire delivery of lighter solid chemicals well within the molten metal in a container in connection with metal’s improved physical properties through purification. In fact, mixing of some indentified lightweight chemical compounds/fluxes within appropriate heavier molten metal is very significant. The present work attempts on the scope of analysis and design of capsule injection containing flux in order to obtain chronological event such as penetration up to a desired depth, explosion/ dislodging and finally mixing. A mathematical model is developed to predict the motion of the flux filled capsule within liquid molten metal container, it’s heating up leading to melting/ explosion/ rupture/dislodging for subsequent desired mixing flux particle with molten metal based on some assumed initial velocity, temperature of the molten metal, and size of the capsule. .
- Page(s): 12-20
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- Dilip Biswas Ex Prof MIT Bishnupur West Bengal & Ex Scientist NML/CSIR Jamshedpur INDIA & Ex Scientist National Metallurgical laboratory /CSIR. Jamshedpur. INDIA
- Saroja Asthana Ex Scientist. National Chemical Laboratory/CSIR. Pune INDIA
References
[1]. Biswas.D.K et.al, An Approach to Design Consideration of Powder Dispenser - cum – Injector, Powder Handling & Processing, Vol.6 No.2, April- June 1994, pp 163-170. [2]. Dorofeev, G.A., Motion of Metallurgical pellet in Slag – Metal System, Izvestiya Academy Nauk, SSSR, Metally, No 6 1987, pp 9-14 [3]. Yovoiskii, V.I., Dorofeev, G. A. & Povkh, I.L, Injection Theory for Steel Melting Bath, Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1974. [4]. Leo, J. & Tokuda, M. Penetrating Behavior of a Single Particle Injected into Liquid. Transaction of Iron & Steel Institute of Japan, Vol. 28 No. 4, 1988. [5]. Irons, G.A., Heat Transfer & Lance Clogging During Submerged Powder Injection., Metallurgical Transaction B, Vol. 18B, March 1987, pp 105-107. [6]. Holman, J. P., Heat Transfer, Mc Graw Hill, SI Metric, 1989 [7]. Iron, G. A & farias, L. R. , The Influence of Lance Orientation and Gas Evolution on Particle Liquid Contact During Submerged Powder Injection, Canadian Quarterly, Vol. 25, No.4, 1986, pp 297-306. [8]. The Making, Shaping & treating of Steel, United States Steel, 10 ed., 1985. [9]. Krivandin, V.A.,& Markov, B. L., Metallurgical Furnaces ., Mir Publication., Moscow 1980 [10]. Ozisik, M.N., Heat Transfer- A Basic Approach, Mc Graw Hill., Singapur, 3 ed, 1988 [11]. Kakac, S & Yener, Y., Convective Heat Transfer, CRC Press Inc., 1995 [12]. Practitioner ., M/s Telco India & M/s Foseco .Pune India
Dilip Biswas, Saroja Asthana, "Some Aspects on the Injection of a Metal Capsule/Bullet Containing Highly Reactive and Light/Less Dense Flux for Treating Molten Metal" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.12-20 2017
In this paper, I have defined Para almost F-3 structure manifold and obtained its integrability condition. Various results in the form of corollaries have been derived.
- Page(s): 21-23
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- Savita PatniSeemant Institute of Technology, Pithoragarh (Constituent institute of Uttarakhand Technical University)
[1]. Adler, A.W. ,(1966). Integrability conditions for almost complex structure, Michigan math., 13, 405-409. [2]. Calabi, E. and Spencer, D.C. (1951) Completely integrable almost complex manifolds, Bull. Amer. Math., Soc., 57, 254-255 [3]. Duggal, K.L. (1971) On differentiable structures defined by algebraic equations I, Nijenhuis Tensor, N.S., 22, 238 [4]. Goldberg, S.I. (1971) Globally framed f-manifolds, Illinois J. Math., 15, 456-474. [5]. Guggenheimer, H. (1963) Differential Geometry, Mc Graw Hill,: [6]. Hsu, C.J. (1960) Note on the integrability of a certain structure on differentiable manifolds, Tôhoku Math., J., 12, 349-360. [7]. Ishihara, S. (1961) The integral formulas and their applications in some affinely connected manifolds, Kôdai Math. Sem. Rep., 13, 93-100. [8]. Mishra, R.S. (1972) Integrability conditions of an Almost contact manifold, Tensor, N.S., 26, 211-216. [9]. Mishra, R.S. (1974) A differentiable manifold with f-structure of rank r, Kyung Book Math., J., 14(1), 23-36. [10]. Mishra, R.S. (1978) Structures in a differentiable manifold, Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi. [11]. Mishra, R.S. (1984) Structures on a differentiable manifold and their applications, Chandrama Prakashan, 50-A, Balrampur House, Allahabad. [12]. Mishra, R.S. (1995) A course in tensors with applications to Riemannian geometry, Pothishala, Pvt. Ltd., Allahabad. [13]. Pandey, S.B. and Dasila, L. (1997) On 3-Structure metric manifolds, [14]. Pandey, S.B. and Dwivedi, : J.P. and Dasila, L. (1994) Integrability conditions of a framed manifold, Proc. Math. Soc., B.H.U., 10, 11-15. [15]. Pandey, S.B. and Pant, M. (2005) Integrability conditions of a framed manifold, Proc. Math. Soc., B.H.U., 10, 11-15.
Savita Patni "On Para Almost F-3 Structure Manifold” " International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.21-23 2017
An attempt is made to develop a new method other than based on electrostatic principle as used in Electrostatic detection Apparatus (ESDA) for deciphering indented writing in forensic investigations. Simulated indented samples were examined under various light sources and using image enhancement tools. The developed method is not effect by humidity variations as in ESDA. No need of cascade for development. The results are permanent and have scope for improvement. The results obvi-ously show that this new technique can be used as an ad-hoc and alternative instrument for recovery and revealing indented writ-ing impressions.
- Page(s): 24-27
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- Dr. Kapil KumarDepartment of Forensic Science, School of Science,Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
- Parvesh SharmaDepartment of Forensic Science, School of Science,Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
- Prof. Shobhana K. MenonDepartment of Forensic Science, School of Science,Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
References
[1]. J. S. Kelly and B. S. Lindblom, Scientific Examination of Questioned Documents, Boca Raton London New York: CRC Taylor & Francis Group, 2006. [2]. D. Ellen, Scientific Examination of Documents Methods and Techniques, Boca Raton London New York: CRC Taylor & Francis Group, 2006. [3]. A. C. WELLS, "A Novel Method for Revealing Unintended Handwriting Impressions on underlying Layers of Paper," Journal of Forensic Science Society, vol. 16, pp. 201-203, 1977. [4]. A. Longhetti and P. L. Kirk, "RESTORATION AND DECI-PHERMENT OF ERASURES AND OBLITERATED OR IN-DENTED WRITING," Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 518-522, 1950-1951. [5]. L. WANXIANG and C. XIAOLING, "A study of the principle of the electrostatic imaging technique," Journal of the Forensic Society, vol. 28, pp. 237-242, 1988. [6]. S. J. Strach, G. M. McCormack, W. R. Radley and P. D. Westwood, "Secondary impressions of writing detected by ESDA," Forensic Science International, vol. 74, pp. 193-204, 1995. [7]. O. P. JASUJA and A. K. SINGLA, "PRESERVING ELECTROSTATIC DETECTION APPARATUS (ESDA) IMAGES: A NEW APPROACH," Forensic Science International, vol. 52, pp. 21-23, 1991. [8]. R. D. Kullman, M. Sinke and E. Speckin, "Impression by Traced Forgery," Journal of the American Academy of Questioned Document Examiners, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-11, 2001. [9]. J. A. d. Koeijer, C. E. Berger, W. Glas and H. T. Madhuizen, "Gelatine Lifting, a Novel Technique for the Examination of Indented Writing," Journal of Forensic Sciences, vol. 51, pp. 908-914, 2006. [10]. N. N. Daeid, L. Whitehead and M. Allen, "Examining the Effect of paper type, Pen Type, Writing pressure and angle of intersection on white and dark dominance in ESDA impressions of sequenced strokes- An application of the likelyhood ratio," Forensic Science International, vol. 181, pp. 32-35, 2008. [11]. O. Saranchuen, R. Chitaree and T. Boonyarith, "FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF INDENTED WRITING IMPRESSIONS IN QUESTIONED DOCUMENTS BY FLATBED SCANNERS," in 38th Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand , Thailand, 2012. [12]. D. M. ELLEN, D. J. FOSTER and D. J. MORANTZ, "THE USE OF ELECTROSTATIC IMAGING IN THE DETECTION OF INDENTED IMPRESSIONS," Forensic Science International , pp. 53-60, 1980.
Dr. Kapil Kumar, Parvesh Sharma, Prof. Shobhana K. Menon "A Novel and Innovative Technique to Decipher In-dented Writings by Means of Ferromagnetic Powder and Image Enhancement Tools" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.24-27 2017
Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that is collected from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves,air and geothermal heat. Renewable energy often provides energy in four important areas: electricity generation, air and water heating/cooling, transportation, and rural (off-grid) energy services. With the development of power transmission in deregulated system, it becomes more and more important to control the power flow along the transmission line. The calculation of power transmission lines parameters of electric energy has a fundamental importance in the design, construction and simulation of electric power systems. This can be made in an experimental way by means of appropriate equipment for measurements of parameter on the line. This paper present theoretical and applicable circuit models for a transmission lines which focus on power-flow studies. This concentration power flow control, computation and the steady state behavior of electrical power transmission lines by implementation of FACTS devices on IEEE 3 BUS system in MATLAB/ SIMULINK package and PWS.
- Page(s): 28-31
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- Pravin DhawaleSanjay Ghodawat Institutes (SGI), Atigre
- Devendra GowdaSanjay Ghodawat Institutes (SGI), Atigre
- Sandeep S MSanjay Ghodawat Institutes (SGI), Atigre
Reference
[1]. Douglas J. Gotham and G. T. Heydt, “Power flow control and power studies for system with FACTS devices” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 13, No. 1, February 1998. [2]. N.G.Hingorani and Gyugyi, "Understanding FACTS: concepts and technology of flexible transmission systems," IEEE Press, 2000. [3]. Dr N.D. Ghawghawe, K.L. Thakre, “Application of Power Flow Sensitivity Analysis and PTDF for Determination of ATC”. [4]. Bruce G. Colpitts, “Teaching Transmission Lines: A Project of Measurement and Simulation”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION, VOL. 45, NO. 3 AUGUST 2002. [5]. Naihu Li,Yan Xu, and Heng Chcn, “FACTS-Based Power Flow Control in Interconnected Power Systems’’ IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS.VOL.15. NO.I. FEBRUARY 2000. [6]. Deepak Divan and Harjeet Johal “Distributed FACTS—A New Concept for Realizing Grid Power Flow Control’’IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL.22,NO .6,NOVEMBER 2007. [7]. Ying Xiao, Y. H. Song and Y. Z. Sun, “Power Flow Control Approach to Power Systems with Embedded FACTS Devices” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 17, NO. 4, NOVEMBER 2002. [8]. L. Gyogyi, "Unified power-flow control concept for flexible AC transmission systems," IEE Proc.-C, vol. 139, no. 4, pp. 323-331, 1992. [9]. Hingorani, N. and G. Gyugyi, 2000. Understanding FACTS .Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems. IEEE Press, New York.
Pravin Dhawale, Devendra Gowda, Sandeep S M "Design and Implementation of TCSC in Renewable Energy" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.28-31 2017
This paper presents an Experimental investigation on the entire population in the command area of Markandeya reservoir project are depending on food crops like jawar, bajra, wheat, groundnut etc. which are grown in this area. But due to inadequate and untimely rainfall, the inhabitants often suffer from scarcity conditions. The land in this area is consisting of red soil, sandy soil with patches of black cotton soil and is very fertile for irrigation Therefore, Markandeya Reservoir Project is taken up for the study to decide the amount of water to be released for the purpose of irrigation based on the state of the reservoir, demands and the likely inflow to the reservoir. This release from the reservoir can be done with the objective of maximizing the benefits. Hence the study “Optimal Operating Policy for Markandeya Reservoir” is taken up to decide the optimal release for irrigation using linear programming software.
- Page(s): 32-35
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- Shreedhar RDepartment Of Water and Land Management, VTU PG Studies, Belgaum, Karnataka.
- Neelambika T GDepartment Of Water and Land Management, VTU PG Studies, Belgaum, Karnataka.
References
[1]. Yeh, W. W.-G. (1985). “Reservoir management and operation models: “A state-of-the-art review.” J. Water Resource. Plan. Manage. 21(12), 1797–1818. [2]. Crawley, P.D. and Dandy, G.C., 1993. Optimal operation of multiple-reservoir system. Water resources planning and management. [3]. Lund, J. R. and Guzman, J., 1999. Derived operating rules for reservoirs in series or in parallel. Water resources planning and management [4]. Crawley, P.D. and Dandy, G.C., 1993. Optimal operation of multiple-reservoir system. Water resources planning and management. [5]. Acres Reservoir Simulation Program (ARSP) User Manual -1986. [6]. IS:7323-1994, BIS Code on “Operation of Reservoirs-Guidelines” [7]. Reservoir Operation Manual-Tehri Reservoir 2004. [8]. Simulation Studies for “Integrated Operation of Ukai-Kakrapar System”-June-2000. [9]. Nageshwar Rao Bhaskar and E. Earl Whitlatch (1987) “Comparison of reservoir linear operation rules using Linear and Dynamic Programming” Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Speed Scientific School, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky. [10]. S. Vedulla and D.Nagesh Kumar (1996) “An integrated model for optimal reservoir operation for irrigation of multiple crops”. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. Water Resources Research VOL.32, NO.4, 1101-1108. [11]. P. P. Mujumdar and T. S. V. Ramesh (1997) “Real-time reservoir operation for irrigation”. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. [12]. Mohamed Haouari and Mohamed N. Azaiez (1999) “Optimal cropping patterns under water deficits”. European Journal of Operational Research 130 (2001) 133-146.
Shreedhar R, Neelambika T G "Optimal Reservoir Operation for Markandeya Dam" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.32-35 2017
There has been a serious debate in the urban sectors of India on the so called ‘smart city’ plans ever since the Central Government embarked on this ambitious program. However, it appears that the whole concept is still to be crystallized in the minds of planners. Yet, there has been a stiff competition amongst the cities to get enlisted for inclusion and funding for this program. Ever since the liberalization policies of the country and open market philosophies, there has been an unprecedented growth in the urban population especially in metropolitans. In this background, it becomes a dire necessity to appraise the contemporary urban infrastructure from the point of how effective it is to cater to the needs of its dwellers. A cursory synthesis of the available data very clearly shows that the two burning issues of focal attention from the point of sustainable urban development have been (1) solid waste and (2) traffic density. They have been the bane for the governments and municipal authorities, to the extent that they have assumed ‘beyond control’ dimension. They, in turn, have been responsible for auxiliary problems. A study from Bengaluru metropolitan shows that the rate of MSW will rise from its present 1.4 million tonnes per year to almost double by 2025. Presently it is producing an overwhelming 4200 tonnes per day. Thus it has become extremely difficult for the authorities to manage it efficiently. Lack of cooperation by the common public is equally responsible for this debacle. This alarming situation is posing a grave concern for the authorities for sustainable management of the city. If this MSW is systematically handled, substantial quantity of biogas to the tune of 4274 tonnes/year (equivalent to 3,00,986 LPG cylinders of 14 kg each) and huge quantity of compost could be obtained. A look at the increase in vehicular traffic in Bengaluru is also staggering. Vehicles in Bengaluru are increasing at the rate of about 5 lakh per year which is creating another huge stress to handle. This situation is literally choking the streets of Bengaluru and it’s suburbs. Thus, any new smart city blue prints should have exhaustive plans to tackle the two focal issues, which are not only concerning to Bengaluru, but also to all the metropolitans in India. .
- Page(s): 36-39
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- K.N. RadhikaDepartment of Civil engineering, East West Institute of Technology, Off Magadi Road, Bengaluru- 91, India
- B.C. Prabhakar Department of Geology, Bangalore University, Bangalore- 560 056, India
References
[1]. G. Floater, P. Rode, A. Robert, C. Kennedy, D. Hoornweg, R. Slavcheva, N. Godfrey, “Cities and the New Climate Economy: the transformative role of global urban growth”, page 4, November, 2014. [Online] Available: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/60775/1/NCE%20Cities%20Paper01.pdf. (General Internet site). [2]. UN DESA “World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/352)” 2014. [3]. S. Arunachalam, “Smart City – Travelling beyond technology”, CSI Communications, pp.22-24. May 2016, [Online]. Available: http://www.cis-india.org. (General Internet site). [4]. World Bank “What a waste: a global review of solid waste management. Urban development seires – Knowledge papers. 2012. [Online] Available: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387-1334852610766/What_a_Waste2012_Final.pdf. [5]. BBMP (Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike), “Solid waste Management in Bengaluru”. [Online] Available: http://218.248.45.169/download/health/swm.pdf, [6]. ASSOCHAM, (The Associated Chambers of Commerce & Industry of India), “India`s e-waste growing at 30% per annum: ASSOCHAM-c Kinetics study” [Online]. Available: http://www.assocham.org/newsdetail, 3rd June, 2016. [7]. C.K.N. Guptha and G.L. Shekhar, “Electronic waste management system in Bengaluru – A review”, JK Journal of Management and Technology, Vol.1 (1), pp. 11-24, 2009 [8]. M. Peermohamed., “India's top five states for vehicle growth” [Online] Available: http:// http://www.wheelsunplugged.com/, 15th May, 2013. [9]. IPCC, (Intergovenmental Panel on Climate Change), “Calculation tools for estimating Greenhouse gas emissions from wood product facilities.” National council for air and stream improvement, Inc. Available: http://www.ghgprotocol.org, 2005. [10]. P. Kolhapur, “How Smart Cities can make India a super power”, DQ India online, Available: http:// http://www.dqindia.com/, 4th August, 2015.
K.N. Radhika and B.C. Prabhakar "Implications of Solid Waste and Traffic Congestion on Developing Smart City Program in India- A Prelude" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.36-39 2017
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is made up of many sensor nodes deployed over a geographical area and powered by batteries with a limited lifetime. Implementing the applications of WSN in real world, minimizing energy consumption is one of the major issues. Hence efficient energy management is a key requirement. In this paper, a study on three different methods on energy management is discussed.
- Page(s): 40-43
- Date of Publication: 15 February 2017
- AnupamaAssistant Professor, E&C Department, SaIT, Bangalore, Karnataka.
- Padmashree SAssistant Professor, E&C Department, SaIT, Bangalore, Karnataka.
References
[1]. A. Manjeshwar and D.P. Agrawal. TEEN: a routing protocol for enhanced efficiency in wireless sensor networks. Intl. Proc. of 15th Parallel and Distributed Processing Symp., pages 2009 – 2015, 2001. [2]. D.B. Shmoys. Cut problems and their application to divide-and-conquer. Approximation Algorithms for NP-hard Problems, PWS Publishing Company, Boston, pages 192 –235, 1997. [3]. F. Ye, A. Chen, S. Liu and L. Zhang. A scalable solution to minimum cost forwarding in large sensor networks. Proc. of Tenth Intl. Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, pages 304 –309, 2001. [4]. G. Even, J. Naor, S. Rao, and B. Schieber. Fast approximate graph partitioning algorithms. Proc. 8th Ann. ACM-SIAM Symp. on Discrete Algorithms, ACM-SIAM, pages 639 – 648, 1997.Tim Mather, Subra Kumaraswamy, Shahed Latif, Cloud Security and Privacy: An Enterprise Perspective on Risks and Compliance, O’ Reilly Media, USA, 2009. [5]. V. Raghunathan, S. Ganeriwal, and M. Srivastava, “Emerging techniques for long lived wireless sensor networks,” IEEE Communications Mag, vol. 44, (no. 4), pp. 108–114, Apr 2006. [6]. G. Anastasi, M. Conti, M. Di Francesco, and A. Passarella, “Energy conservation in wireless sensor networks,” Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 7, (no. 3), pp. 537-568, May 2009. [7]. N. Kim, S. Choi, and H. Cha, “Automated sensor-specific power management for wireless sensor networks,” in Proc. IEEE MASS 2008, 2008, pp. 305–314. [8]. Shih, Eugene, Cho, Seong-Hwan, Ickes, Nathan, Min, Rex, Sinha, Amit, Wang, Alice, and Chandraskasan, Anantha. Physical Layer Driven Protocol and Algorithm Design for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks. International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking. 2001, 272-287. [9]. C. Vigorito, D. Ganesan, and A. Barto, “Adaptive control of dutycycling in energy-harvesting wireless sensor networks,” in Proc. IEEE SECON 2007, 2007, pp. 21–30. [10]. R. Min, M. Bhardwaj, Seong-Hwan Cho, E. Shih, A. Sinha, A. Wang and A. Chandrakasan. Low-power wireless sensor networks. Fourteenth International Conference on VLSI Design, pages 205 – 210, 2001.
Anupama, Padmashree S "Wireless Sensor Network Energy Management: A Survey" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.4 issue 2, pp.40-43 2017