The study was carried out at Shehu Sule College of Nursing and Midwifery, Damaturu, Yobe State with the aim of assessing the effects of learning environment on students’ academic performance. The design adopted for this study was ‘descriptive design’, and the target population comprises of all students (335 students) and staffs (70) of college making a total of 405 populations. A sample size of 80 was derived using 20% of the study population for the study. The technique for drawing the samples from the target population was ‘stratified random sampling’. The findings show that the dominant home language of the respondents is Hausa, and the learning environment has a positive effect on students’ academic performance. However, collaborative learning, allowing students to brain storm and bring out their learning objectives and integrating computer technology into academic learning are most effective means of promoting learning. It is recommended that the selection of students into Nursing and Midwifery programs should be strictly adhered to College edict so as the candidates should not be over populated; and also various strategies should be introduced in other to maintain quality assurance in higher education. An educational audit should be carried out after every block, or whenever the need arises.
- Page(s): 01-06
- Date of Publication: 19 March 2020
- Bello Muhammad Jajere School of Basic Midwifery, ShehuSule College of Nursing and Midwifery, Damaturu, Nigeria
- Asma’u Bukar Jumbam School of Basic Midwifery, ShehuSule College of Nursing and Midwifery, Damaturu, Nigeria
- Hauwa Abubakar Abdullahi School of Basic Midwifery, ShehuSule College of Nursing and Midwifery, Damaturu, Nigeria
- Muhammad Bukar School of Basic Midwifery, ShehuSule College of Nursing and Midwifery, Damaturu, Nigeria
- Muhammad Yunusa Audu School of Basic Midwifery, ShehuSule College of Nursing and Midwifery, Damaturu, Nigeria
- Ibrahim Adamu Umar Sulaiman College of Education Gashua, Nigeria
References
[1] Ajibade, S.O (2014) Investigating the Effect of Training on Employees’ Commitment: An empirical study of a discount house in Nigeria udc 005.963.1:336.71(669 [2] Artelt, C. (2005). Cross-cultural approaches to measuring motivation. Educational Assessment, 10(3): 231-255. [3] Brown, S.T., Kirkpatrick, M.K., Greer, A., Matthias, A.D. & Swanson, M.S. 2009. The use of innovative pedagogies in nursing education: an international perspective. Nursing Education Research, 30(3):153-158. [4] Diseth, A. 2002. Personality and approaches to learning as predictors of academic achievement. European Journal of Personality, 17:143-155. [5] DeBourgh, G.A. (2008). Use of classroom “clickers” to promote acquisition of advanced reasoning skills: Professional nurse Education in practice. [6] Entwinstle, N. (2009), learning and studying: contrast and influences. At http://www.newhorizons.org/future/creating the future/crfut entwinstle.html [7] Frankel, A. 2009. Professional nurses’ learning styles: promoting better integration of theory into practice. Nursing Times, 105(2):24-27. [8] Harvey, A. & Kamvounias, P. 2008. Bridging the implementation gap: a teacher-learner approach to teaching and learning policy. Higher Education Research and Development, 27(1):31-41. [9] Hewson, M. & Hewson, P. 2003. Effect of instruction using students’ prior knowledge and conceptual change strategies on science learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40:S86-S98. [10] Kember, D. & Leung, D.Y.P. 2006. Characterising a teaching and learning environment conducive to making demands on students while not making their workload excessive. Studies in Higher Journal, 31(2):185-198. [11] Leufer, T. (2007). Students’ Perceptions of the Learning Experience in a Large Class Environment. Nursing Education Perspectives. [12] Meyer, S.M. & Van Niekerk, S.E. 2008. Professional Nurse Educator in Practice. Cape Town: Juta. [13] McCurry, M.K. & Martins, D.C. 2010. Teaching undergraduate nursing research: a comparison of traditional and innovative approaches for success with millennial learners. Journal of Nursing Education, 49(5):276-279. [14] Meadus, R.J. & Twomey, J. 2007. Men in nursing: making the right choice. The Canadian Professional nurse, 103(2):13-16. [15] Mellish, J.M., Brink, H.I.L. & Paton, F. 2009. Teaching & learning: the practice of nursing. 4th ed. Cape Town: Heinemann Higher & Further education. [16] Ramsden, P. 2003. Learning to teach in higher education. 2nd ed. London: Routledge falmer. [17] Stickney, M.C. 2008. Factors Affecting Practical Nursing Student Attrition. Journal of Nursing Education. [18] Wong, S.T., Seago, J.A., Keane, D. & Grumbach, K. 2008. College students’ perceptions of their experiences: what do minority students think? Journal of Nursing Education, 47(4):190-195.
Bello Muhammad Jajere, Asma’u Bukar Jumbam, Hauwa Abubakar Abdullahi, Muhammad Bukar, Muhammad Yunusa Audu, Ibrahim Adamu "Assessment on the Effects of Learning Environment on Students’ Academic Performance at Shehu Sule College of Nursing and Midwifery Damaturu" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.01-06 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/01-06.pdf
An experiment was conducted to determine the preponderance of both harmful and beneficial bacteria in the guts of broiler chickens fed synbiotic and diet-acidifiers. One hundred and forty four (144) unsexed day old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were purchased and reared for eight (8) weeks. The birds were divided into four groups and replicated thrice with 12 birds per replicate. They were randomly assigned into four different diets in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The diets were labelled I, II, III and IV to represent the control, synbiotic diet, diet-acidifiers inclusion, and diet-acidifiers + synbiotic inclusion diet respectively. At the end of the experiment, E. coli and Salmonella species which are big threat to poultry production were found to be more prominent in the gut of the control birds. Mortality of two (2) birds occurred in this group and none in the rest of the groups. Lactobacillus species and other less pathogenic bacteria were found to dominate the gut of birds in the rest of the groups. E. coli and Salmonella species were completely absent in the duodenum and jejunum of Groups II - IV birds but rather were dominated by Lactobacillus species. It was concluded that synbiotic and diet-acidifiers are useful additives that can be adopted in colonizing the gut of broiler chickens with amiable (synbiotic) bacteria, rather than antibiotics usage that are detrimental to gut microbes and of high public health concern.
- Page(s): 07-13
- Date of Publication: 21 March 2020
- Arogbodo, J. ODepartment of Animal Production and Health, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria
- Adebayo, I. A.Department of Animal Production and Health, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Nigeria
References
[1] Yegani, M. and Korner, D. R. (2008). Factors affecting intestinal health in Poultry. Poultry Science 87: 2052 – 2063. [2] Abudabos, A. M., Alyemni, A. H., Dafalla, Y. M. and Khan, R. U. (2017). The effect of phytogenics on growth traits, blood biochemical and intestinal histology in broiler chickens exposed to Clostridium perfringes challenge. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 46, 691 – 695 (doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2017.1383258). [3] Alkhalf, A., Alhaj, M. and Al-homidan, I. (2010). Influence of probiotic supplementation on blood parameters and growth performance in broiler chickens. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 17: 219 – 225. [4] Awad, W. A., Ghareeb, K., Abdel-Raheem, S. and Bohm, J. (2009). Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic and synbiotic on growth performance, organ weights, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 88(1):49 – 56. [5] Ayasan, T., Ozan, B. D., Baylan, M and Cangullari, S. (2016). The effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic protexin on egg yield parameters of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). International Journal of Poultry Science. 5(8): 776 – 779. [6] Bansal, G. R., Singh, V. P. and Sachan, N. (2011). Effect of probiotic supplementation on the performance of broilers. Asian J. Anim. Sci. 5: 277 – 284. [7] Barbieri, A., do Valle Polycarpo, G., Cardoso, R. G. A., da Silva, K. M., Dadalt, J. C., Madeira, A. M. B. N., de Sousa, R. L. M., de Albuquerque, R. and Cruz-Polycarpo, V. C. (2015). Effect of probiotic and organic acids in an attempt to replace the antibiotics in diets of broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 14, 606 – 614. [8] Biswas, A., Junaid, N., Kumawat, M., Qureshi, S. and Mandal, A. B. (2018). Influence of dietary supplementation of Probiotics on intestinal histo-morphometry, blood chemistry and gut health status of broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science 2018, 48(5) 965 - 976. [9] Bitek Feed Science (2010). http://www.bitek.co.za/enhancer.html:1. 1- 3. [10] Boseley, S. (2013). Superbug Drug-Resistant Health Threat. Natural, safe, effective alternative. htt://www.shirleys-wellness-café.com/immunesystem/antibiotics.aspx 1 of 12. [11] Byappanahalli, M. N., Nerves, M. B., Whitman, R. L. and Ishii, S. (2015). Application of a microfluidic quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique to monitor bacterial pathogens in beach water and complex environmental matrices. Environs Sci. Techno Lett 2, 347 – 351. [12] Davis, M. E., Maxwell, C. V., Erf, G. F., Brown, D. C. and Wistuba, T. J. (2004). Journal of Animal Science, 82:1882-1891. [13] Ezema, C., Igbokwe, C. N., and Omeke, C. O. (2008). Effect of Probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on Haematological parameters of Rabbits. Proceedings of 33rd Annual Conference, Nigerian Society for Animal Production. 90-92. [14] Faluyi, O. B., Arogbodo, J. O. and Adebayo, I. A. (2017). Growth performance and immunological responses of broiler chickens fed synbiotics and diet-acidifiers to Newcastle Disease vaccinations. Trop. Vet. 35(1): 11- 20. [15] Gibson, G. R. and Roberfroid, M. B. (1995). Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J. Nutr 125: 1401-1412. [16] Hatab, M. H., El sayed, M. A. and Ibrahim, N. S. (2016). Effect of some biological supplementation on productive performance, physiological and immunological response of layer chicks. J. Rad. Res. App. Sci. 9:185 – 192. [17] Hedayati, M and Manafi, M. (2018). Evaluation of An herbal Compound, a commercial Probiotic, and an Antibiotic Growth Promoter on the Performance, Intestinal Bacterial Population, Antibody Titers, and Morphology of the Jejunum and ileum of broilers. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. 20(2): 305 – 316. [18] John, R. T. and Deborah M. (2013). The wonder Probiotics. http://www.amazon co/The wonder-Probiotics-Enhance-Problems/dp/0312376324. 2-5. [19] Jose, M. M. and Cesar, A. A. (2016). Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance. Microbiol Spectr. 2016 Apr; 4(2): 10. 1128/microbiolspec. VMBF – 0016. Pp 1 – 28. [20] Lamb, G. B. (1981). Manual of Veterinary Techniques in Kenya. Published by CIBA-GEGY. 127-147. [21] Markowiak, P. and Slizewska, K. (2018). The role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in animal nutrition. Gut Pathogens 10: 21. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles. Accessed on 26/11/2019. [22] Milbradt, E. L., Okamoto, A. S., Padovani, C. R., Fascina, V. B., Silva, T. M., Altarugio, R., Hataka, A., Schmidt, E. M. S. and Andreatti Filho, R. L. (2017). Use of Organic Acids and a Competitive Exclusion Product as Growth Promoter and Salmonella enteritidis Control in commercial Turkeys. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. 19(4): 1- 9. [23] Mountzouris, K. C., Tsitrsikos, P., Kalamara, E., Nitsch, S., Schatzmayr, G. and Fegeros, K. (2010). Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, enterococcus and pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. Poultry Science. 86(2): 309 – 317. [24] Murray, J. H. (2010). Reaping Better effects of Organic acids in feed. Best mix Software formulation as a service. 1-5. [25] Oreopoulou, C. V. and Tzia, C. (2007). In: Utilization of by-products and treatment of waste in the food, C. V. Oreopoulou and W. Russ (Eds). Springer. USA. Pp 209 – 232. [26] Po-Yun, T. (2018). Review: Roles of Prebiotics in Intestinal Ecosystem of Broilers. Front Vet. Sci. http://www.frontiersin.org/people/u/407042. Accessed on 26/11/2019. [27] Seidavi, A., Dadashbeiki, M., Alimohammadi-Saraei, M. H., Van den Hoven, R., Payan-Carreiria, R., Laudadio, V. and Tufarelli, V. (2017). Effects of Dietary inclusion level of a mixture of probiotic cultures and enzymes on broiler chickens immunity response. Environ. Sci. Pollution Res. 24(5), 4637 – 4644. (DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8206-8). [28] Shivaprasad, H. L. (2000). Fowl typhoid and pullorum disease. 19, n. 2, pp 405 -424. http://www.ncbi.nml.nih.gov/pubmed/10935271 [29] Van Immerseel, F., Russell, J. B., Flythe, M. D., Gantois, I, Timbermont, L. and Pasmans, F. (2006). The use of organic acids to combat Salmonella in Poultry: a mechanistic explanation of the efficacy. Avian pathology 2006; 35(3): 182 – 188. [30] Wikipedia (2013). The free encyclopedia. ‘http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title = Synbiotics &oldid=541760942.1-3.
Arogbodo, J. O, Adebayo, I. A., "An Assessment of the Gut Bacteriological Flora of Broiler Chickens Fed Synbiotic and Diet-Acidifiers" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.07-13 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/07-13.pdf
Ecological studies of Egume Derived Savanna in Kogi State, Nigeria was carried out to determined the species composition, frequency and woody species dominance using random distribution method and basal area index for determination of woody species dominance. A total of 25 herbaceous species distributed in 8 different families were recorded during the study. Family Poaceae had recorded the highest number of species followed by the family Asteraceae while the rare families were Acanthaceae, Caesalpiniodeae, Convolvulaceae, Compositae and Cyperaceae. The most common species recorded in the study area were Chamaecrista mimosoiders, Andropogon gayanus, Acrceras zizaroides and Impomoea ericarpa. A total of 22 woody species were recorded from the study plots. Parkia biglobosa had the highest percentage (%) frequency (12.69), followed by Khaya senegalensis (10.59), while the rarest frequent woody species recorded were Piliostigma thonningii (1.48) and Bridelia ferruginea (1.23). Parkia biglobosa (African Locust Kean) had the largest basal area index of 8.0m2 followed by Daniellia oliveri (6.29m2). The high % frequencies and even distribution of the species recorded in the area were more than the one recorded in other parts of Africa, indicating that, the area is species rich which may be due to the fertility of the soil and favorable climate conditions of the place. In view of the species dominance of the two woody species, it will be interesting if the vegetation of the study area may be named after the two “leading woody species” as “Parkia Daniellia species vegetation.
- Page(s): 14-17
- Date of Publication: 23 March 2020
- Hemen, Terseer JosephDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Police Academy, Kano, Nigeria
- Usman, Sugei SimonDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Police Academy, Kano, Nigeria
- Ayodele, Sami MichaelDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Police Academy, Kano, Nigeria
References
[1] Aina, D.O., Okayi, E. and Usman, S.S. (2013). Determination of maximum herbaceous Production in Anyigba, a derived savanna, Journal of pharmacy and Biological Sciences,5(2), 5-9. [2] Archer, S. Scifres, C, Bassham, C.R and Maggio, R. (1988). Autogenic succession in a subtropical savanna: conversion of grassland to thorn Woodlands. Ecolmonog. 58:111-127. [3] Bond, W.J., Woodward, F.I.andMidgley, G.F. (2005). The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire.New Phytologist, 165, 525-537. [4] Hutchinson, J.andDalziel ,J.M. (1958). Flora of West Tropical Africa. 2nd Edition Revised by RWJ Keay and FN Hopper. Crown Agent, London 56pp. [5] Kahi, C.H, Ngugi, R.K, Mureithi, S.M. and Ngethe, J.C, (2009). The canopy effects of ProsopisJulifora (DC) and Acaciutortilis (HANYE) trees on Herbaceous plant species and soil Physiochemical properties in Njemps flat, Kenya. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystem.Vol. 10 Pp 144. [6] Kinyamario, J.I, Trilica M.J. and Njoka T.J. (1995). Influence of tree shade on plant water status, gas exchange and water use efficiency of Panicum maximum Jacg. And ThemedatriandraForsk.In a Kenyan Savannah.Journal of African Ecology, 33:114 – 123. [7] Scholes, R.J and Archer, S.R. (1997).Tree-grass interactions in savannas. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 28:517-544. [8] Usman, S.S. (1990). Maximum herbaceous standing crop at Opi Lake Savanna Woodland Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. [9] Usman, S.S. (2004). Nigerian Savanna.Maxson Press, Makurdi, 92pp. [10] Wasonga, V.O. (2001).Effect of Balanitesglabra canopy cover on soil organic matter, soil moisture and selected grass species production in IsinyaKajiado, Kenya.Msc. Thesis, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Hemen, Terseer Joseph, Usman, Sugei Simon, Ayodele, Sami Michael "Determination of Species Composition, Frequency and Woody Species Dominance of Egume Derived Savanna, Kogi State, Nigeria" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.14-17 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/14-17.pdf
The purpose of the study was to explore the correlation between non-specialist and specialist Biology students. Thus, the study investigated the relationship between non-specialist and specialist Biology students in Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua – Yobe State. There were 308 non-specialist students against 15 Biology specialist students which made a sample of 323 randomly selected NCE I students was taken from a population of (1,617) students. The Data analysis was done using an ex-post-facto design as well as the ANOVA and Z-Statistic. The result shown that, NCE course combination can affect students’ academic achievement in Biology; although, there is no significance relationship among the mean performances of students in various NCE programmes.But on the contrary, there is a significant difference in the mean performance of specialist and non-specialist Biology students at 0.05 level of significance. The findings were briefly discussed with a view of making a necessary provision to cater for all sorts of students in Basic science education.
- Page(s): 18-21
- Date of Publication: 23 March 2020
- Luka Yelwa BardeUmar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
- Abubakar Alhaji AhmedUmar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
- Isa Kabaju Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
- Falmata Zumami WaruUmar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
- Hadiza Zumami WaruUmar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
- Abba Mohammed DanjumaUmar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
References
[1] Afolabi, A O (2001): Comparison of Private and Public Schools Product’s Performance in Mathematics and English Language from Educational Technology Perspective.Ilorin Journal of Education [2] Asher, J J (2007): Why students of all ages are failing mathematics and what can be done to turn itaround.Prize-winning Math Educator. September 2007 [3] Barreiro, P L &Albandoz, J P (2001): Population and sample: Sampling techniques. Management Mathematics for European Schools 94342 - CP - 1 - 2001 - 1 - DE - COMENIUS - C21 [4] Dickey, E M (1997): Challenges of Teaching Mathematics Today: How can School Leaders Help? NASSP Bulleting February 1997 pp 1 – 10. [5] GNU (2013): JCA Presentation: Using GeoGebra in Secondary School Mathematics teaching www.schoolnet.org.za/conference/ses... Retrieved on 24th Sept, 2013. [6] National Commission for Colleges of Education (2012): Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) Minimum Standard. © National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE). [7] Porter, T (1996): Why Study Mathematics. www.popmath.org.uk/.../imahob95.html Retrieved on 24th Sept, 2013. [8] UNESCO (1984): Mathematics for All: Problems of cultural selectivity and unequal distribution of mathematical education and future perspectives on mathematics teaching for the majority. Report and papers presented in theme group I,‘Mathematics for All’ at the 5th International Congress on Mathematical Education, Adelaide - Australia, August 24-29,1984. ED-86/WS/84
Luka Yelwa Barde, AbubakarAlhaji Ahmed, Isa Kabaju , Falmata Zumami Waru, Hadiza Zumami Waru, Abba Mohammed Danjuma "Academic Achievement of Non-Specialist and Specialist Biology Students in Basic Science Education" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.18-21 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/18-21.pdf
Studies were conducted on Prosopisjuliflora(SW.) DC. with the aim of investigating the Morphological and Anatomical modifications of(Leaf, Root and Stem).The Morphological study was carried out according to standard procedures. The Anatomical study was carried out by using Sharp razor blade and potato pith. Very thin sections of both the stem, leaf and roots were obtained and then stained with Saffranin and temporally mounted in 10% glycerine jelly before being observed under the microscope. Pictures of the slides were takensing digital camera,. The findings of the anatomy revealed the presence of thick cuticle, multi-layered palisade parenchyma, numerous large and small xylem vessels, tracheids, water bubbles inside the xylem vessels and cortex. The morphology of the leaf was found to be small in size and bipinnate, and the root had deep taproot and well developed lateral roots. It was concluded that, features such as small bipinnate leaves, multi-layered palisade parenchyma, thick cuticles, xylem element tracheid, spines, deep taproot and well developed lateral roots, were the feautres that contributed to the survival of Prosopisjuliflora in the Semi-Arid environment, of Gombe State,Nigeria. It was recommended that the plant could be used for wind breaks, erosion control and afforestation programmes in Northern Nigeria in order to conserve the environment and prevent desertification
- Page(s): 22-28
- Date of Publication: 23 March 2020
- ABBA, H. MBotany Programme, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria
-
References
[1] Abba, H. M. (1997). Morphological and Anatomical Adaptation of four plant Species in Semi -Arid Zone of Borno State, Nigeria.Unpublished MSc Thesis in Botany from University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. [2] Abba, H. M. (2015). Morphological and Anatomical Features of Acacia senegal(L) Wild: A potential species for Reforestation Programmes in Semi-Arid Zone of Nigeria. Journal of Environmental, Technology and Sustainable Agriculture 2 (1): 22-29. [3] Cutler, D. F. (1978). Applied plant anatomy. Longman, London and New York. [4] Hameeda, B., Harini, G., Rupela, O.P., Wani, S.P., Reddy, G. (2008). Growth promotion of Prosopisjuliflora by phosphate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from composts and macrofauna. Microbiol, 163: 234-242. [5] Ikusemoran, M., Bala, B. W., Lazarus, A. M. (2016). Jouranal Geography, Environment and Art Sciences International6(1): 1-20. [6] Kiyotsugu, Y., Mohamed, A. E., Buho, H. , Hiroshi, N. and Hiroshi, Y. (2012). Root System Development of ProsopisSeedlings under Different Soil Moisture Conditions. Journal of Arid and Land Studies. 22(1), 13 -16. [7] Maydell, H. J.(1990). Trees and shrubs in the Sahel, their characteristics anduses, duttsche Gesllschaftfur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) published, Eschborn. [8] Mohammed, S. (2011). Economic of Rain fed and irrigated Rice production under upper Benue River Basin Development Authority Scheme DadinKowa, Gombe State, Nigeria. Continental Journal of Agricultural Economics, 5 (1):14-22. [9] Nakano H. (2010). Plant Growth Inhibitors from Mesquite (Prosopisjuliflora). In Ramawat KG eds. Desert Plants, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 341-352.
ABBA, H. M, Bello, A "Morphological and Anatomical Modifications of Prosopisjuliflora(SW.) DC. in Gombe State, Nigeria" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.14-20 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/14-20.pdf
The Paper Investigates The Significance Of General Knowledge In The Control Of Typhoid Fever In Endemic Environment. Saturated Incidence Rate Was Introduced To Study The General Knowledge Of The Disease. The Basic Reproduction Number Of The Resulting Model Was Determined By Using Next Generation Matrix.The Paper Also Analyzed The Control Strategies For The Disease Free Equilibriumof The Infected And Vaccinated Model. The Paper Studies The Local And Global Stabilities Of Disease Free And Endemic Equilibrium. We Provide A Numerical Simulation Of The Model Using Runge-Kutta Of Order 4. Our Results Show That General Knowledge Of The Typhoid Disease Has Appreciable Effect In The Model.
- Page(s): 29-35
- Date of Publication: 23 March 2020
- Kolawole, M. K. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Ayoola T.A. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Abdulrazaq R.Department of Mathematical Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
References
[1] Stephen E. And Nkuba N.,(2017): Modeling Typhoid Fever With Education, Vaccination And Treatment. International Journal Of Theoretical & Applied Mathematics, 2, Pp 156-164. [2] Nita, H, Jyoti G. S., (2013): Seir Model And Simulation For Vector Borne Diseases. Applied Mathematics. Scientific Research,4,Pp 13-17. [3] Kolawole M.K., Olayiwola M.O., (2016): On The Numerical Effect Of Saturation Terms On The Susceptible Individual In Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible(Seirs) Epidemic Model. Computing Information System Development Informatics & Allied Research Journal, 7,Pp 83-90. [4] Kolawole M.K., Olayiwola M.O., (2016): Behavioral Analysis Of A Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible(Seirs) Epidemic Model With Saturated Incidence Rate Considering The Saturation Term For The Infected Individual. Computing Information System Development Informatics & Allied Research Journal, 7, Pp 47-6. [5] Olayiwola, M.O., Kolawolem.K., Popoola, A.O.,(2017): Variational Iteration Method For The Simulation Of Susceptible-Exposed Infected Recovered Susceptible (Seirs) Epidemic Model With Saturated Incidence Rate And Disease-Induced Death. Journal Of Science And Art, 2,357-364. [6] Popoola, A.O, Kolawole M.K., Olayiwola M.O., (2016). Effect Of Disease Transmission Coefficient On Seirs Epidemic Model. Journal Of Digital Innovation And Concemp Res. In Sc.&Eng. International Centre For It& Development,321 Tt Allan Building Southern University, La, Usa, 3,69-80.
Kolawole, M. K., Ayoola T.A., Abdulrazaq R. "Modelling Typhoid Fever with General Knowledge, Vaccination and Treatment for Susceptible Individual" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.29-35 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/21-27.pdf
Due to the fact that Tanzania is considered a developing country with several challenges including the predominant problem of poverty, it can rely on open access artificial intelligence for frugal innovation. For this reason, this study explores the potential of applying open access artificial intelligences to promote frugal innovation in Tanzania. A content analysis was conducted to explore the initiatives for the implementation by government, private sector and higher learning institutions. The analysis revealed that government has no policies, funding, strategic plan or allocation for the implementation of open access AI in Tanzania. However, the private sectors have policies, funding allocation, strategic plan and non-financial resources for AI initiatives in Tanzania. Likewise, higher learning institutions like University of Dodoma have policies and funding allocation for AI implementation in Tanzania. Based on the findings, it is recommended for the government to formulate policies and dedicate financial and non-financial resources into open source AI technology as an approach to frugal innovation in Tanzania.
- Page(s): 36-46
- Date of Publication: 24 March 2020
- Ndalahwa M. Masanja, PhDLecturer, University of Arusha
- Happyness Mkumbo, MBAAssistant Lecturer, Institute of Accountancy Arusha
References
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Ndalahwa M. Masanja, Happyness Mkumbo "The Application of Open Source Artificial Intelligence as an Approach to Frugal Innovation in Tanzania" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.36-46 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/36-46.pdf
This paper examines the distribution pattern of household income in Federal housing estate at Ado Ekiti Nigeria. Proportional allocation method under stratified sampling techniques was used for allocation of sample into four stratum. There are four types of household namely 1 person household 2 person household 3-5 person household 5 above person household the number of residents for each level of income are more in 3-5 person household than the rest types of household Generally, number of residents under self-employed and private establishment are more in all types of Generally, number of residents under self-employed and private establishment are more in all types of household.
- Page(s): 47-50
- Date of Publication: 24 March 2020
- Adebara LanreThe Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Muhammad KamaldeenThe Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Raji Yakubu MuhammedThe Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Rotipin Ademola JosephThe Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
References
[1] Blacklow and Ray, (2000): Income and Expenditure inequalities Australian unit record data, 1975-76 to 1993-94. American journal of socio-economic Bacbrush ray Vol. 33 Pg 108 [2] Bögenhold and Fachinger, (2000): Social network analysis and sociology of economic, American journal of economics and sociology, wiley Blackwell, vol. 72 Pg 293-318, April. [3] Cain, Rana, Rhoda and Tandon, (2010): Household-level consumption expenditure, the evolution of inequality during 1983-2004. Springer;Austrian institute for economic research; Austrian journal of economic association vol(42), Pg 383-404,May. [4] Cingi, H., (1994):Sampling theory, Hacettepe University press canadianPg 33-36 [5] Zaidi and Klass,(2001):Poverty and Inequality focus on income during Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, Inderscience enterprises Ltd, 1980s Pg. 99
Adebara Lanre, Muhammad Kamaldeen, Raji Yakubu Muhammed, Rotipin Ademola Joseph "Distribution Pattern of Income Household Survey in Federal Housing Estate, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.47-50 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/47-50.pdf
The bicentennial of the William John Macquorn Rankine will be commemorated in July 5, 2020. He is known as Rankine in scientific and academic circles and was a British-born Scottish polymath that worked in civil, mechanic and marine engineering sectors. Thermodynamics was founded using their scientific work together with Rudolf Clausius and William Thomson studies. From 1842 he published hundreds of articles and notes on science and engineering. With multiple interests, he studied many subjects like botany or music theory, using the branches of mathematics, science and engineering.
- Page(s): 51-55
- Date of Publication: 24 March 2020
- Celso Luis LevadaHERMÍNIO OMETTO FOUNDATIONS (FHO)-Uniararas/Brazil
- Elaine Ziviani ScarpaHERMÍNIO OMETTO FOUNDATIONS (FHO)-Uniararas/Brazil
- Paulo Alessandro RodriguesHERMÍNIO OMETTO FOUNDATIONS (FHO)-Uniararas/Brazil
- Jose Ricardo Melges BortolinHERMÍNIO OMETTO FOUNDATIONS (FHO)-Uniararas/Brazil
- Miriam de Magalhães Oliveira LevadaHERMÍNIO OMETTO FOUNDATIONS (FHO)-Uniararas/Brazil
References
[1] ANNAN, T. – Rankine’s biography, texto disponível em http://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/DNB/Rankine.pdf, access in 23/12/2019 [2] NORTON, R.L.- Machine Design, An Integrated Approach, fourth edition, fourth edition, Printed in Brazil by Bookman Publisher, 2013. [3] RANKINE, W. J. M. “A Manual of Applied Mechanics”. London: Richard Griffin (1958). Text available at address: https://ia802604.us.archive.org/24/items/amanualappliedm00rankgoog/amanualappliedm00rankgoog.pdf, access in 23/12/2019 [4] RANKINE, W. J. M. On the stability of loose earth. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 147, text available in https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstl.1857.0003, access in 20/12/2019 [5] RANKINE, W. J. M. A Manual of the Steam Engine and Other Prime Movers , available in https://archive.org/details/amanualsteameng03rankgoog/page/n5 access in 20/12/2019 [6] SHAPIRO A.H. The dynamics and thermodynamics of compressible fluid flow. New York: The Ronald Press, 1953, ebook available in http://heckossazoch.unblog.fr/2016/11/23/the-dynamics-and-thermodynamics-of-compressible-fluid-flow-vol-1-pdf-free/, access in 30/12/2019 [7] ZIJLEMA, M. The role of the Rankine-Hugoniot relations in staggered finite difference schemes for the shallow water equations , Computers & Fluids, Volume 192, 15 October 2019, Article 104274; available in https://www.sciencedirect.com/search/advanced?qs=Rankine-Hugoniot, access in 26/12/2019 [8] ÇENGEL, Y. A. E BOLES, M. A. Termodinâmica. Lisboa: McGraw-Hill, 2007. [9] RANKINE, W.J.M. "On the causes of the unexpected breakage of the journals of railway axles, and on the means of preventing such accidents by observing the law of continuity in their construction". Institution of Civil Engineers, in Minutes of Proceedings, 105-108. Text available in https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/pdf/10.1680/imotp.1843.24600, access in 05/01/2020
Celso Luis Levada, Elaine Ziviani Scarpa, Paulo Alessandro Rodrigues, Jose Ricardo Melges Bortolin, Miriam de Magalhães Oliveira Levada "Rankine's Scientific Work, Vision on the Bicentenary of His Birth" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.51-55 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/51-55.pdf
Nigeria just like most countries of the world is diverse in its population content (e.g. people) and the people are ethnically or culturally diverse. It is also characterized by other aspects of diversity (e.g. age, gender, educational background etc.) which are even evident in organizations. Generally, the study objective is to investigate if there is any significant difference of diversity management on Employee Fairness in Nigerian Universities. Specifically, the study is ought to establish the difference in the Nature of Relationship between job Satisfaction and Employee Fairness among Universities in North Central Nigeria. A survey design was employed and the population comprises of Nine (9) selected universities that cut across the three (3) states under study. However, a sample size of 399 was determined using Taro Yamane sample size technique. Equality allocation format is shared among the three states under study hence 133 copies of questionnaires are distributed among each state. In return, 378 copies of questionnaire representing 95% of it is filled, returned and therefore used for the entire analysis. Descriptive statistics was use to test the mean differences while Kruskal Wallis test was used to test the hypotheses. Findings reviewed that the significance levels are within 1%, indicating that there is no significant difference in the nature of relationship between job satisfaction and employee fairness. Employee fairness in promotion exercise, equity prevalence in the settling of disputes and approval of leave bonuses if done on fairness will lead to job satisfaction.
- Page(s): 56-72
- Date of Publication: 30 March 2020
- Madu IkemefunaDepartment Of Business Administration, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Ndubuisi-Okolo Purity U. (Ph.D)Department Of Business Administration, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Abuh Astor IdrisDepartment Of Business Administration, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
References
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Madu Ikemefuna, Ndubuisi-Okolo Purity U. (Ph.D) & Abuh Astor Idris "Comparative Study of Diversity Management and Employee Fairness in the North Central Universities of Nigeria " International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.56-72 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/56-72.pdf
Soil-transmitted (STHs) and their impact on the nutritional status of school-aged children in rural and urban communities are of great concern to public health. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of STHs infections and nutritional status of school-aged children in rural Biase Local Government Area and urban Calabar South Local government Area of Cross River State. A total of 504 faecal samples were collected from investigated school-aged pupils and screened by Parasitological techniques to determine the presence of adult and developing stages of parasites. Out of 504 faecal samples examined, 42.8% prevalence of helminth infection was recorded among school-aged children in the study area. The varying degree of infections were Ascaris lumbricoides 30.3%, Hookworms 28.5%, Enterobius vermicularis 25.7%, Schistosoma mansoni ova 9.5% and A. lumbricoides and Hookworms 5.8%. Chi-square revealed significant difference X2 = 60.1, p < 0.001) in infection among age-group. Children anthropometric measurements were used to determine their nutritional status. A total of 24.4% malnourished children were found to be underweight, 36.5% were stunted and 20.8% showed thinness condition. It was found that body mass index (BMI) of infected pupils decreased as age increases and the calculation of Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a strong association between BMI and infection (r = 0.897). In view of these findings, the current school feeding programme sponsored by the federal government of Nigeria should be improved, by providing school-aged pupils with protein rich food to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition in children.
- Page(s): 73-82
- Date of Publication: 30 March 2020
- Cletus I. IbohDepartment Of Animal And Environmental Biology, Cross River University Of Technology, P.M.B. 1123, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
- Emmanuel I. OgbanDepartment Of Animal And Environmental Biology, Cross River University Of Technology, P.M.B. 1123, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
- Nkanu U. EkpeDepartment Of Animal And Environmental Biology, Cross River University Of Technology, P.M.B. 1123, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
- Faustina O. UttahDepartment Of Animal And Environmental Biology, Cross River University Of Technology, P.M.B. 1123, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
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Cletus I. Iboh, Emmanuel I. Ogban, Nkanu U. Ekpe, Faustina O. Uttah "Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections and Nutritional Status in School-Aged Children in Rural and Urban Areas of Cross River State, Nigeria " International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.73-82 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/73-82.pdf
Increased frequency of acquisition and use of automobiles have required the establishment of repair workshop in different parts of most cityin developing countries. Apart from the vehicular emission, which is a major route of environmental pollution; the different waste materials generated in most of these auto-fixer workshops has contributed widely to environmental contamination and pollution with heavy metals. This study was designed and carried out to ascertain distribution and degree of pollution of selected heavy metals: Pb, Cd, Cr and Mn within an automobile workshop located at University college Hospital, Ibadan. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr and Mn in top soil samples from this workshop were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The mean concentrations of each of these heavy metals within the topsoil samples were 235.13mgPbkg-1, 5.28mgCdkg-1, 45.96mgCrkg-1 and 411.23mgMnkg-1 respectively and the abundance of the metals within the workshop’stop soil follows the order: Mn>>Pb>>Cr>Cd. Overall, the mean concentrations of Pb and Cd measured within the workshop’stop soil samples exceeded Standard Regulatory limits. ArcGIS software was employed in producing the geochemical maps. The Quantification of Contamination (QoC) analysis showed that Pb, Cd, Cr and Mn have anthropogenic source of contamination and the contamination factor values for Cd, Pb and Mnindicated values greater than 6. This study shows that the concentration and distribution of Pb, Cd, Cr and Mn within the study area soils correlates directly to activities originating from the automobile repair workshops. Consequently, these top soils overloaded with noxious metals will pose a health risk to the inhabiting populace of the area surrounding the workshop.
- Page(s): 83-87
- Date of Publication: 30 March 2020
- AFOLAYAN Adedotun Onoyinka National Open University of Nigeria (Ibadan Study Centre) 2Tissue Culture Unit, Biotechnology Department, National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, P.M.B. 5382, Moor Plantation, Apata, Ibadan, Nigeria
- POPOOLA Shola Caleb National Open University of Nigeria (Ibadan Study Centre)
References
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AFOLAYAN Adedotun Onoyinka, POPOOLA Shola Caleb "Utilization of AAS and GIS Tools in Assessment of Distribution of Pb, Cd, Cr and Mn Concentrations Within Top-Soil of An Automobile Workshop Within University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.83-87 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/83-87.pdf
The aim of this study is to access the antihypertensive potential of garlic juice in rats. To achieve this, 30 Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 10 each. Rats in groups 1 and 2 received aspecial prepared egg feed diet (24 egg yolkmixed with 1 kg of normal rat diet) while those in group 3 received normal feed diet and they served as the control group. Animals in group 2 were administered 3 mL/100g body weight of undiluted garlic juice simultaneously with the feeding. The animals were fed orally for 21consecutive days and had access to drinking water ad libitum. Blood pressureof each of these groups wasdetermined at day 0, 7, 14 and 21 respectively using standard methods. A significant increase was observed in the blood pressure of animals fed with egg formulated diet without garlic juice treatment when compared with those fed with egg formulated diet and treated with garlic juice and control group respectively at P<0.05. However, this effect was not significant when animals fed with egg formulated diet and treated with garlic juice were compared with those in the control group. Results from this study showed that egg yolk causes high blood pressure in animals but the effect was ameliorated by garlic juice administration, thus garlic possesses antihypertensive potential.
- Page(s): 88-93
- Date of Publication: 30 March 2020
- Augustine I. Airaodion Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
- Kenneth O. Ngwogu Department of Pathology, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
- John A. Ekenjoku Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
- Anthony U. Megwas Department of Optometry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
- Ada C. Ngwogu Department of Microbiology, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
References
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Augustine I. Airaodion, Kenneth O. Ngwogu, John A. Ekenjoku, Anthony U. Megwas, Ada C. Ngwogu "Garlic (Alliumsativum L.) Bulb Prevents High Blood Pressure in Egg Yolk-Induced Hypertensive Rats" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.88-93 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/88-93.pdf
The production, physicochemical properties and biodegradability of biodiesel from the seeds oil of Lagenariasiceraria (calabash) was carried out. Oil was extracted from the seeds using soxhlet extractor with n-hexane; then trans-esterified using single step alkali hydrolysis to biodiesel. The biodiesel produced was analyzed for its physicochemical and fuel properties using ASTM methods and other methods. The specific gravity (SG), density, flash point, cloud point, pour point and percentage yield of the methyl esters were found to be 4.68, 0.86 g/ cm3, 138°C, 4°C, 0°C and 59.44%, respectively. The biodegradability of the biodiesel assessed by the standard CO2 evolution method, revealed that Lagenariasiceraria biodiesel is ultimately biodegraded (59.39%).This suggest that Lageneriasiceraria seed oil is a potential source of environmental friendly biodiesel.
- Page(s): 94-99
- Date of Publication: 01 April 2020
- A. A. MahmoudDepartment of Chemistry, Abubarkar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- S. I. KwadaDepartment of Chemistry, Abubarkar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- A.JauroDepartment of Chemistry, Abubarkar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- A. AbubakarDepartment of Chemistry, Abubarkar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
References
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JBiosciBioeng 92(5):405–416. [13] Hassan L.G, Salleh M.A., Dangoggo S.M, and Ahmad H.G, (2013), Quality Assessment and Optimization of Biodiesel from Lagenaria Vulgaris (Calabash)Seeds Oil, International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences and Technology Int. J. Pure Appl. Sci. Technol., 15(1) pp. 55-66. [14] Hossain, A.B.M.S. and Salleh A.,(2008).Biodiesel fuel production from Algae as renewable energy, American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 4 (3): 250-254. [15] Ibrahim, J. N., Agwara, Y.T., Nwanyak.o, Nwakuba,D. C., Ayilara, S., Adegbola,O. B., Zanna,A. S. and Aliyu, A.A.(2016). Production of Biodiesel from Calabash Seed Oil, American Chemical Science Journal 14(4): 1-8, 2016, Article no.ACSJ.25472 ISSN: 2249-0205. [16] Ibrahim, H., Mohamed, F., Verlaine N. (2015). Methyl esters yield using bulk calcium oxide catalyst. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. 2015;4:3. ISSN: 2277- 8616 186 IJSTR©. Available:www.ijstr.org. [17] Jauro.Aand Momoh.H.A, (2011), Production and Biodegradability of Biodiesel from BalanitesAegyptiaca Seed Oil, Journal of the Korean Chemical Society,vol ,55, No. 4. DOI 10.5012/jkcs.2011.55.4.680. [18] Jeffrey,S.M. (2007), Renewable Lubricant Manuel Biodiesel oils, Fluids and Greases united Biolube pub chapter 6. [19] Knothe, G., Dunn, R.O., Babgy, M.O.(1997), Biodiesel: The use Vegetable Oils and their derivatives as alternative diesel Fuels In: fuels and chemical from Biomass, 1stedn. American Chemical Society, New York. [20] Kouzu, M. and J.S. Hidaka,(2012).Transesterification of vegetable oil into biodiesel catalyzed by CaO: A review. Fuel, 93: 1-12. [21] Leung, D.Y.C. and Y. Guo, (2006), Transesterification of neat and used frying oil: Optimization for biodiesel production. Fuel Process. Technol., 87: 883-890. [22] Matthew, A. Brown and Raymond I. Q, (2006), The Bio-Fuel Project, U.S.Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. [23] Muhammad,M., Chika, M., Musa, U.D, and Muhammad M,(2014), Ethanolysis of Calabash (Lageneriasinceraria) Seed Oil for the Production of Biodiesel. American Journal of Energy Engineering. Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 141-145. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20140206.13. [24] Mushtaq, A., Sofia, R., Mir, A. K., Muhammad, Z., Shazia, S., and Sobia G., (2009). Optimization of base catalysedtransesterification of peanut oil biodiesel, African Journal of Biotechnology 8(3), 441-446 [25] Olaofe ,O., Ogungbenle. H.N, Akhadelor ,B., Idris,A., Omojola,O, Omotehinse,O., and Ogunbodede,O.(2012),physico chemical and fatty acids composition of oils from some legume seeds.International journal of biology. Pharmacy alliendscience(IJBPAS). IJBPAS, April, 2012, 1(3): 355-363, ISSN: 2277–49988. [26] Ozulu, and Obioma.U,(2015), Production and characterization of biodiesel from Luffacylindrica seed oil. Department of biochemistry university of NigeriaNsukka. [27] Pahl, 2005, p. 167;National Biodiesel Board; WorldwatchInstitute, 2007, pp. 4-6. [28] Peterson, C. L., Reece D. L., Hammond B. L., Thompson J. C., and Beck S. M. (1995), Commercialization of Idaho biodiesel (HySEE) form ethanol and waste vegetable oil. American Society of Agricultural Engineers No. 95-6738. St. Joseph, Mich. [29] Romano, S.D., and Sorichetti, P.A, (2011), Dielectric Spectroscopy in Biodiesel Production and Characterization, viii, 103p., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-1-84996-518-7. [30] Van, G. J, Shanks, B., Pruszko, R., Clements, D., Knothe, G. (2004) Biodiesel analyticalmethods. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, NRRL/SR-51036240. [31] Sani, N. A., Hassan L. G., Dangoggo S. M., Ladan M.J., Ali-baba, I. and K.J. Umar, (2013), Effect of Fermentation on the Nutritional and Antinutritional Composition of LagenariaSiceraria Seeds, Journal of Applied Chemistry, 5( 2): Pp. 01-06. [32] Sokoto, M.A., Hassan, L.G., SallehM.A., DangoggoS.M. andAhmadH.G,(2013), Quality Assessment and Optimization of Biodiesel from Lagenaria Vulgaris (Calabash) Seeds Oil, International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences and Technology ISSN 2229 – 6107., 15(1) pp. 55-66. [33] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standard method for determining the biodegradability of chemical substances (EPA, 1992). [34] Welman, M., Lagenariasiceraria(iodine), (5/17/2008), Available from: http://www.plantzafrica.com/ pantkln/lagnesic.htm 2005, Retrieved on 15 May, (2010). [35] Wilson, N. G., and G. Bradley (1996), Enhanced degradation of petrol (Sloven diesel) in an aqueous system by immobilized Pseudomonas Fluorescens. J. Applied Bacteriol.80 (1): 99-104.Zubay, G. 1993. 3rd Ed. Biochemistry. Dubuque, Iowa: Wm. C.Brown Publishers. [36] Zhang, X., Peterson, C., Reece, D., Haws R and Möller G.(1998), biodegradability of biodiesel in the aquatic environment, American Society of Agricultural Engineers 0001-2351 / 98 / 4105-1423, VOL. 41(5): 1423-1430. [37] Zhang, Y. Du, M.A.,McLean,D,D. and Kates,M.(2003), Review Paper; Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: Process design and technological assessment, Bioresource Technology,89 ,1–16
A. A. Mahmoud, S. I. Kwada, A.Jauro, A. Abubakar "Production and Biodegradability of Biodiesel From Lagenaria Siceraria Seed Oil" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.94-99 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/94-99.pdf
Untreated water is widely used for irrigation in water scarce regions in several States of Nigeria including Bauchi State. The nutrients contained in the wastewater is considered as beneficial to agriculture, the contaminants present in it can pose environmental and health risk. Irrigated farms could be used to improve the food productivity in the country. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Pb) in irrigation and non - irrigation soils of Railway Quarters, Bauchi were analysed using fractionation methods and determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. In the exchangeable bound fraction, the results revealed the highest concentrations (mg/kg) of Cd (0.22), Cu (60.00) and Mn (33.00) in the irrigation soil, whilst those of Cu (20.00) and Cd (0.33) in non – irrigation soil. The highest concentrations (mg/kg) in the residual bound fraction was observed in Cr, Ni and Pb in the irrigation soil, as well as Cr,Mn, Ni and Pbin non–irrigation soil. The fractional sum of all the metalsin the six fractions (exchangeable, carbonate, manganese oxide, iron-manganese, organic matter sulphide and residual) were found to be (mg/kg): lead (29.00), copper (298.00), cadmium (0.66), chromium (11.00), manganese (167.00) and nickel (72.00). The results revealed that all the observed concentrations are within the permissible limits of DPR (2002) and WHO/FAO (2001) with the exception of that of copper and nickel. One-Way ANOVA and least significant difference indicated that there was significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in all the observed values of heavy metals in the irrigation farm with the exception of that of cadmium. The non-irrigation soil showed cumulative sum of the levels (mg/kg) of the heavy metals in the six fractions: Cd (0.36), Cr (5.65), Mn (67.27) and Ni (6.00) are within the threshold levels of WHO/FAO (2001) and DPR (2002) respectively. The observed values to some extent do not pose health threat to the inhabitants and consumers.
- Page(s): 100-106
- Date of Publication: 04 April 2020
- Adebayo, R.K.Department of Chemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Hassan, U.F.Department of Chemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Adamu, H.M.Department of Chemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Hassan, H.F.Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria
- Baba, HarunaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Education, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
- Ajiya, D.A.Department of Chemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
References
[1] Hong, A.H., Law, P.L., Selaman, O.S. (2014). Heavy Metals Concentration Levels in Soil at Lake Geriyo Irrigation Site, Yola, Adamawa State, North Eastern Nigeria.International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2 (2):106 – 111. [2] Djingova, R. and Kuleff, I. (2000). Instrumental Techniques for Trace Analysis In: (eds.), Trace Elements-Their Distribution and Effects in the Environment. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 137–185. [3] Lin, H., Wong, S. and Li, G. (2004). Heavy Metals Content of Rice and Shellfish in Taiwan. Journal of Food Drug Analysis, 12: 167-174. [4] Filazi, A., Baskaya, R., Kum, C. and Hismiogullari, S .E. (2003). Metals Concentration in Tissues of the Black Sea Fish Mugil auratus from Sinop-Iclimari, Turkey. HumanExperimental Toxicology, 22: 85-87. [5] Kirpichtchikova, A., Manceau, L., Spadini, F., Panfili, M. A., Marcus, A. and Jacquet, T. (2006).“Speciation and Solubility of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soil Using X-ray Microfluorescence, EXAFS Spectroscopy, Chemical Extraction, and Thermodynamic Modelling.”GeochimicaetCosmochimica Acta, 70(9): 2163–2190. [6] Caylak, E. and Tokar, M. (2012). Metallic and Microbial Contaminants in Drinking Water ofCankiri, Turkey. Environmental Journal of Chemistry, 9 (2): 608 – 614. [7] Suciu, I., Cosma, C., Todica, M., Bolboaca, S.D. and Jantschi, L. (2008). Analysis of SoilHeavy Metals Pollution and Pattern in Central Transylvania. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 9: 434-453. [8] Duruibe, J.O., Ogwuegbu, M.D.C. and Egwurugwu, J.N.( 2007). Heavy Metal Pollution and Human Biotoxic Effects. International Journal of Physical. Sciences, 2 (5):112–118. [9] Bohn, H.L., McNeal, B.L. and O’Connor, A.G.( 1985). “Soil Chemistry” ( second edition). Wiley-Inter Science Publication, New York, USA. [10] Zhang, C. (2006). Using Multivariate Analyses and GIS to Identify Pollutants andtheir Spatial Patterns in Urban Soils in Galway.Ireland Environmental Pollution, 142:501-511. En.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauchi-State. Date assessed: 30/10/2019. [11] Hassan, U.F, Hassan, H.F., Musa, Z.A., Hassan, A.F., Muhammad, M. and Ushie, O.A. (2019). Determination of Some Heavy Metals Speciation Pattern in Typha domingensis Invaded Soil in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria. ATBU, Journal of Science, Technology and Education, 7 (1): 155-166. [12] Turekian, K.K. and Wedopohl, K.H.(1961). Cited in: Sadhana, P.K. (2014). Heavy Metals Pollution of Agricultural Soils and Vegetables of Bhaktapur District, Nepal. Central Department of Environmental Science, 12 (12): 48-55. [13] Liatu, T.Y., Auta, I.K. Tanko K. Gajere, E.N. and Joshua M. (2017). Study of Heavy Metals Concentration in Irrigated Soil Samples of Some Selected Locations Along River Kaduna, Nigeria. Journal of Biological Science, 3 (7): 79-90. [14] DPR (2002). Cited in: Edori, O.S. and Kpee, F. (2016). Index Models Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Soils within Selected Abattoirs in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Singapore Journal of Science Research, 7 : 9-15. [15] WHO/FAO (2001). Cited in:Muamar, A., Abdelmajid, Z.,M’hamed, T., Abdellah, E.,Zakaria, M., Hasna, Y. and Mohammed, B. (2014). Evaluation of Heavy Metals Pollution in Groundwater, Soil and some Vegetables Irrigated with Wastewater in the Skhirat Region of Morocco.Journal of Mater. Environ. Sci.,5 (3): 961- 966. [16] Muamar, A., Abdelmajid, Z.,M’hamed, T., Abdellah, E., Zakaria, M., Hasna, Y. and Mohammed, B. (2014). Evaluation of Heavy Metals Pollution in Groundwater, Soil and Some Vegetables Irrigated with Wastewater in the Skhirat Region of Morocco. Journal of Mater. Environ. Sci., 5 (3): 961- 966. [17] Kananke, T.C., Wansapala, J. and Guaratne, A. (2015). Pb and Cr Contaminations of Irrigation Water, Soils and Green Leafy Vegetables collected from different areas of Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,14 (9): 593-602. [18] Singh, A., Sharma, R.K., Agrrawal, M. and Marshall, F.M. (2010). Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Toxicity through Contaminated Vegetables from Waste water Irrigated Area of Varanasi, India. Tropical Ecology, 51 (2S): 375-387. [19] Wufem, B.M., Ibrahim, A.Q. and Lawal, H.M. (2009). Chemical Forms of Iron Zincand Manganese in Cultivated Soils Around a Cement Factory in Gombe State, Nigeria. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria, 34 (2): 1-10.
Adebayo, R.K., Hassan, U.F., Adamu, H.M., Hassan, H.F., Baba, Haruna, Ajiya, D.A. "Comparative Evaluation of Speciation of Heavy Metals in Irrigation Farm of Railway Quarters, Bauchi Metropolis, Bauchi State, Nigeria" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.100-106 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/100-106.pdf
Accumulation of particles like dust on the surface of photovoltaic cell (PVC) normally impede photon energy form reaching the photovoltaic cells, this accumulation tends to scatters light radiation thereby reducing the power output of the cell. In this paper, the effects of atmospheric dust on the PVC surface has been investigated. Measurement of electrical output power, fill factor (FF) and efficiency of 160 W monocrystalline PVC panel has been investigated. Analog multimeter was used to measure the electrical properties of the PVC with and without dust surface. From the experimental data obtained, the output power, FF and efficiency was determined. The results revealed that, increase in dust density on PVC leads to decrease in open circuit voltage, short circuit current and output power. Also, the fill factor which is one of an important parameters for estimating the performance of PVC module was also found to decrease with increasing dust density with high correlation coefficient of -0.9573 (Strong inverse relations). The dust with 10 g/m2 reduces the fill factor by 17.5%. Furthermore, it was also noted that the output peak power of the PVC without dust and with dust on the surface are 13.40 W and 6.89 W respectively, which implies that dust particles impede the light incident on the PVC surface and reduces the output power. An empirical model for dust deposition and how it affects the photovoltaic FF was also developed to better predict the FF and energy yields and to optimize the PV module.
- Page(s): 107-111
- Date of Publication: 04 April 2020
- Aremu, O.A. Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Oyinkanola, L.O.A. Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Odepdan, K.O. Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Adesina-Adebayo, F. O. Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Nigeria
References
[1] Molki, A (2010): “Dust Affects Solar-Cell Efficiency”, Physics Education, 45 (2010) 456-458. [2] El-Shobokshy M.S., Mujahid, A., Zakzouk,. A.K. (1985) “Effects of dust on the performance of concentrator photovoltaic cells. IEE Proceedings I-Solid-State and ElectronDevices. 1985 Feb;132(1):5-8. [3] Klugmann-Radziemska E. (2015): “Degradation of electrical performance of a crystalline photovoltaic module due to dust deposition in northern Poland. Renewable Energy.2015 Jun 30;78:418-26. [4] Alonso-García MC, Ruiz JM, Herrmann W. (2006):”Computer simulation of shading effects in photovoltaic arrays.Renewable energy. 2006 Oct 31;31 (12):1986-93. [5] Mekhilef, S., Saidurb, R., Kamalisarvestani, M. (2012): “Effect of dust, humidity and air velocity on efficiency of photovoltaic cells” Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 2012;16:2920 – 2925. [6] Bowling, R.A (2006) “An Analysis of Particle Adhesion on Semiconductor Surfaces,” J. Electrochem. Soc., 2006. [7] MoutinhoH. R., (2017) “Adhesion mechanisms on solar glass: Effects of relative humidity, surface roughness, and particle shape and size,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 172, no. July, pp. 145–153, 2017. [8] Busnaina, A. A., Elsawy, T (2000) “The effect of relative humidity on particle adhesion and removal,” J. Adhes., 2000. [9] Österberg, M. (2017): “Surface interactions part 1 : Van der Waals Forces,” 2017.
Aremu, O.A., Oyinkanola, L.O.A., Odepdan, K.O., Adesina-Adebayo, F. O. "Sensitivity of Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Cell’s Output power and Fill-factor to Dust Particles" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.107-111 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/107-111.pdf
The purpose of this review was to highlight the human health risk associated with consuming fish contaminated by heavy metals and naturally occurring toxins and ways to reduce their effects on human. The presence of metals like mercury, cadnium and lead in human food are extremely dangerously to human health even at low levels of concentrations. Some of the health risk associated by consuming fish contaminated with metals include renal failure, liver and kidney damage, cardiovascular diseases, some produce neurogenic, carcinogenic effects and reduce immune system. Various species of fish and shell fish contain biotoxins that produce ciguatera fish poisoning, Scombroid fish poisoning, rudder fish poisoning, Tetradotoxin or puffer fish poisoning when consumed by humans. To remedy fish poisoning, medical attention should be sought at the onset of symptoms, fish roes and organs as well as fish caught during algal bloom and global warming should not be eaten. Public enlightenment should be employed. Professional like Toxicologist, Doctors, Neurologists andother practitioners should all be involved; andfinally advance technology generating less metal pollution to our environment and Aquacultural practices should be encouraged. This can give rise to hazard control upon fish habitats and making the food free from contamination.
- Page(s): 112-116
- Date of Publication: 06 April 2020
- Rabo, P. D.Department of Agricultural Technology College of Agriculture P.M.B 001 Garkawa, Nigeria
- Sudik, S. D.Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
- Dikwahal, S. HDepartment of Animal Health and Production, College of Agriculture P.M.B 001 Garkawa, Nigeria
- Gulukun, E.Z.Department of Animal Health and Production, College of Agriculture P.M.B 001 Garkawa, Nigeria
References
[1] Abubakar, A., Uzairu, A.,Ekwumegbo, P.A. and Okunola, O.J. (2015). Risk Assessment of Heavy metals in imported Frozen Fish ScomberScombrussold in Nigeria. A case study in Zaria metropolis. Advance in Toxicology, 4:11. [2] Ahmed, G. andKrishen, R. (2007). Inter-household and intra-house hold patterns of fish and meat consumption in two states in Nigeria. British journal of Nutrition,145-152. [3] Arena, P., Levin, B., Flemming, L.E., Friedman, M. A. andBlyth, D.G. (2004). A Pilot study of cognitive and psychological correlates of chronic Ciguatera poisoning. Harmful Algae, 3: 51-60. [4] Bawuro, A. A., Voegbborlo, R.B. and Adimado, A.A. (2018). Bio accumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of fish in lakeGeriyo Adamawa state Nigeria Journa of Environmental and public Health, 7-10. [5] Bradford, A.(2016).Mercury Poisoning; cause, effect andfish.www.livescience.com/53837 [6] El-moselhy, K.M. (2000).Accumulation of copper, cadnium and lead in some fish from the Gulf of Suez.Egyptian journal of Aquatic Biologyand Fisheries.l 3:1-3. [7] Friedman, M.A., Fleming, L.E., Fernandez, M., Bientany, P., Schrank, k., Dickey, R., Bottein, M., Backer, L., Ayyar, R., Watkins, S., Granade, R. and Reich, A. (2018). Ciquaterafish poisoning; Treatment, prevention and management.Marine Drugs, 16: 456-476. [8] Froese, R. andPauly, D. (2009). Gymnothoraxjapanicus in fish Base July 2009. [9] Gale, N.I, Adams, C.D, Wixson, B.G.,Loftin, K.A. and Huag, Y.W. (2017). Lead Zinc, Copper and Calcium in fish and sediment from the big and flat river creek of Missouris old lead Belt. Environmental Geochemistry Health, 26(1)37-49. [10] Haque, M.A.,Ilam, Q.T. and Ekram, A.R.M. (2008).Puffer Fish Poisoning.Journal of Teachers Association, 21(2)1-3. [11] Hopkin, J. (2019).The Johnson Hopkin Hospital and Johnson Hopkin health system.www.hopkins.medicine.org/health.copyright@2019 [12] Kris– Etherton,P.M., Harries, W.S. and Appel, L.J.(2002). “Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3-fatty acids and cardiovascular disease”.Circulation106(21)2747-2757. [13] Lehana, L. and Levis, R.J. (2000). Ciguatera recent advance but the risk remain. International Journal; of food Microbiology, 61:91-125. [14] Nicholson, G. M. and Levis, R.J. (2006). Ciguatoxins Cyclicpolyesther modulators of voltage gated ion channel function. Marine Drugs, 4:88-118. [15] OSTOW (2003). Office of the Science and Technology Office of Water U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.Technical summary of information available on the Bio-accumulation of Arsenic in Aquatic Organisms, Washington D.C. [16] Oguguah, N.M., Onyekachi,M. and Ikegwu,J. (2017). Concentration and Human Health implication of Trace metals in fish of economic importancein Lagos lagoon, Nigeria. Journal of health and pollution, 7(13)68-72. [17] Pean, J. (2001).Neurology of Ciguatera. Journal of Neurology, neurosurgery and psychology, 70:4-8. [18] Rabo, P.D., Zarmai, D.U., Jwanga, B.A. and Dikwahal, S.H. (2014). The role of fisheries resources in national development: a review. International Letters of Natural Sciences,13 (1)20-28. [19] Rahman, M.S., Molla, A.H., Saha, N. and Rahaman, A. (2012). Study on heavy metals levels and its risk assessment in some edible fishes from Bangshi River, Savar Dhaka, Bangladesh. Food Chemistry, 134(2)1847-1854. [20] Rossi, N. R. andJamet, J.L. (2008). In Situ heavy metals (coppers, lead and cadnium) in different plankton compartments and suspended particulate matter in two coupled mediterrenean coastal ecosystems (Toulon Bay, France).Marine Pollution Bulletin,56:1862-1870. [21] Safahieh, A., Monikh, F.A and Savari, A. (2011).Heavy metals contamination in sediment and sole fish (Euryglossaorientalis) from Musa Estuary (Persian Gulf).World journal of fishery and marine science, 3(4) 290-297. [22] Sehar, A., Shafaqat, A., Uzma, S.A. Mujahid, F., Salima, A.B., Fakhir, H. and Rehan, A. (2014). Effect of different Heavy Metal Pollution on fish. Research Journal of chemical and environmental Scal.2:74-79. [23] Shah, S. L, andAltindag, A. (2005). Alteration in the immunological parameters of Tench.(Tincatinca L.1758) after acute and chronic exposure to lethal and sublethal treatment with mercury, cadnium and lead.Turkey journal of veterinary and Animals science 29: 1163-1168. [24] Stommel,E.W. (2020).Scombroid Fish Poisoning.InfectiousDisease:Foodborne Diseases.Edited by:Simjee, S. Human Press Inc., Totowa, N. J. [25] Tamao,N.,Joanne,S. andEbesu.M. (2001).Puffer Poisoning: Epidemiology and treatment. Toxicology Reviews, 2:1-10. [26] Yilmaz, F., Ozdemir, A., Demirak, A. and Tuna, A.L. (2007). Heavy metal levels in too fish species Leuciscusephalus and Leponisgibbosus “Food chemistry. 100(2)830-835. [27] Zlateva,S., Marinov,P., Bonchev, M., Ivanov,D. and Georgiev,K. (2017). Ciguatera Poisoning:Pacific Disease,Foodborne Poisoning from Fish in warm Seas and Oceans. Journal of IMAB, 23(1)1474-1479.
Rabo, P. D., Sudik, S. D., Dikwahal, S. H, Gulukun, E.Z. "Effect of Fish Poisoning on Human Health: A Review" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.112-116 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/112-116.pdf
A study was conducted to evaluate the semen characteristics and egg quality on three strains of indigenous Nigerian turkeys, fed different levels of dietary energy and protein at the Teaching and Research farm of the Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State. A total of 120 day-old poults of all the strains of indigenous turkey were used for the experiment. The experiments lasted for 11 months (July, 2018 –August, 2019), where poults were brooded on commercial feed for the period of 8 weeks. At the age of 64 days the birds were randomly allotted into four treatment dietary levels for growers;T1-control (Commercial feeds), T2-low energy high protein(LEHP), T3-high energy low protein(HELP), and T4-high energy high protein(HEHP). At the age of 196 days, eggs laid was recorded from T1 of all the three strains of turkey. Eggs were collected in batches after every 8days for 5 sets only. Eggs were candled for fertility and hatchability at the day 7of laying. Parameters considered were, egg quality, semen characteristics and testicular morphology among the strains and treatments. The egg quality egg quality studied showed Signiant (P<0.05) differences among the treatment groups. The results on the gonadal sperm reserves (trestles), extra gonadal sperm reserve (epididymis) and vas deferens showed significant (P<0.05) differences among the treatment groups except for treatments T1, T3, and T4. In conclusion, the varying dietary levels on different strains of indigenous turkeys used in this study, account for differences in growth rate, egg production and reproductive parameters. The preliminary results reported in this paper are a beginning and more in-depth research is required in that respect.
- Page(s): 117-121
- Date of Publication: 07 April 2020
- Waba, Y.E.Department Of Animal Health and Production, Federal Polytechnic Bali Taraba. Nigeria
- Bandawa, G.J. Department Of Animal Health and Production, Federal Polytechnic Bali Taraba. Nigeria
- Adi. A. ADepartment Of Animal Health and Production, Federal Polytechnic Bali Taraba. Nigeria
References
[1] Al-Daraj,H.J.(2007b). Avian Reproductive Physiology. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, University of Bagdad, College of Agriculture. [2] Al-Daraj,H.J., B.T. O, Al-Tikreti, K.H., Hassan, Al-Rawi, A. A (2002).New technique for determination of avian spermatozoa abnormalities Research Journal of Biology Technology 4(1),47-64. [3] Al-Janabi,Y.A.M.,Al-Rekabi, M.M,and Ali,N. A (2018). Effects of on some semen traits for local Iraqi turkey males. International journal of biosciences. Vol.13 No.5,409-2=416 [4] Ann Anandh, M., Richard Jagatheesa, P.N., Senthil Kumar, P., Paramasivam, A. and RajaraJan, G. (2012). Effect of varying systems on reproductive Performances of turkey. Veterinary World 5(4), 226-229 [5] Case L A, Miller S P and Wood B J (2010). Factors affecting breast meat yield in turkeys World’s Poultry Science Journal66: 189-202 [6] Cecil H.C., Bakst, M.R and Monsi,A.(1988). Daily output of spermatozoa and extra gonadal spermatozoa reserves in turkeys. 67(2):327-332. [7] Chaudhry, M. A. Badshah, A Bibi, N. Zeb, A. Ahmed, T. Ali, S.terMeulen, U (2004). Citrus waste utilization in poultry rations. Arch. Geflügelk., 68 (5): 206-210 [8] Dana N, van der Waaji LH Dessic T and van Arendok J.A.M (2010) Production objectives and trait preferences of village poultry producers of Ethiopia: Implications for designing breeding schemes utilizing indigenous chicken genetic Resources. Tropical Animal Health and production C/2: 1519-1529. [9] de-Moraes, T. G. V. (2013). Effect of Broiler Breeder Nutrition on Reproductive and Offspring Performance. Master of Science Thesis University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta [10] Deviche, P, Hurley, L. L. and Fokidis H. B. (2011). Avian Testicular Structure, Function, and Regulation. In: Hormones and Reproduction of Vertebrates, Volume 4 (Birds) 27 Copyright 2011 Elsevier Inc. [11] Etches, R. J. (1996). Reproduction in poultry. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CAB International. Pp 318 - 328. [12] Fasina F.O, wai M D, Mohammed S N and Onyekonkwu O N (2007) Contribution of poultry production to household income: A case of Jos South Local Government in Nigeria. Family poultry 17:30-34 [13] Hartman,S., S.A Taleb, T. Geng, K.B Gyenai, X. Guan and E, Smith (2006). `Compansion of the domestic Turkey (Meleagrisgallopava. Poult. Sci. 85:179-1794 [14] Ilori B M, Peters S O, Yakubu A, Imumoorin I G, Adeleke M A, Ozoje M O, Ikeobi C O N Adebambo O A (2011) physiological adaptation of local, exotic and crossbred turkeys to the hot and humid tropical environment of Nigeria ActaAgriculturaeScandinavica A-Animal Science 61:204-209. [15] Ironkwe M O and Aknola L F (2010) Profitability of turkey production in Ahoada East local government area Rivers State, Nigeria. Continental Journal of Agricultural Science 4:38-41 [16] Jibril, A., Atte, I. U., Rekwot, P. I., and Osuhor, C. U. (2011). Effect of graded Levels and sources of protein on scrotal circumference and semen profile of Yankasa rams. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences,9: (1) 22-27. [17] Ladokun, A. O., Egbunike, G. N., Adejumo, D. O. and Sokunbi, O. A. (2006). The effect of three dietary crude protein levels on digestibility and testis function in male pubertal rabbits. Tropicultura, 24: (1) 3-6. [18] McCrea, B.A., M.A. Leslia, L.M. Stevenson., K. S Macklin, L.J. Bauermeister and J.B,Hess,(2012).Live performance characteristics, pathogen verses conventional turkeys (Meleagrisgallopavo). International Journal of Poultry Science11; 438-444. [19] McLelland A (1991). A Colour Atlas of Avian Anatomy. Wolfe Publishing Ltd. Pp 66-82. [20] Obidi, J. A., Onyeanusi, B. I., Rekwot, P. I., Ayo, J. O. and Dzenda, T. (2008). Seasonal variations inseminal characteristics of shikabrown breeder cocks. International Journal of Poultry Science, 7(12): 1219-1223. [21] Peters S O. Ikeobi C O N and Bankole, D. D (1997) Smallholder local turkey production in Ogun State. In: Issues in Family Poultry Research and Development. Proceedings of the International Network for Family Poultry Development in Senegal. Dec. 9-13, 1997.pp 173-183. [22] Singh R and Sharma D (2012). Turkey and Guinea fowl: Role in Indian poultry production. http//www.poulvet.com/poultry/articles/turkey guinea.php. [23] Yahaya., M.S.A.I., Nwannenna, S.T., Fadason, and P.I., Rekwot (2017) Testicular morphometry and sperm reserves of local turkey toms fed varying levels of protein in the diet. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences, Volume 15 (Number 3). December, 2017 [24] Yakubu A, Peters S O, Ilori B M, Imumorin I.G, Adeleke M A, Takeet M I, Ozoje M O, Ikeobi C O N and Adebambo O A (2012). Multifactorial discriminant analysis of morphological and heat tolerant traits in indigenous, exotic and crossbreed turkey in Nigeria. Animal Genetic Resources.
Waba, Y.E., Bandawa, G.J. and Adi. A. A "Effects of Dietary Energy and Protein on the Semen Characteristics and Egg Quality of Turkeys (Meleagrisgallopavo) in Bali, Taraba State" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.117-121 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/117-121.pdf
Hiring the right employee for a job profile is one of the most essential business processes which affect the quality of human capital within any company. It is highly essential for the companies to ensure the recruitment of candidate for a particular job, which in turn provide qualified workforce for the organization. CV analysis can be one of the most time consuming parts of a recruiter’s job, requiring to decide considerable skills accurately as well as quickly. The proposed system aims to make choosing appropriate candidates based on job experience and other key skills using data mining technique with algorithm C4.5. As a result, this system could produce the decision rules selecting suitable candidates for the desired company or job.
- Page(s): 122-125
- Date of Publication: 07 April 2020
- Khin Thuzar TunDepartment Of Information Technology, Technological University (Mawlamyine)
- Ei Chan LinDepartment Of Information Technology, Technological University (Mawlamyine)
References
[1]. Chein, C., Chen, L., In Press (2006). A case study in high technology industry, Expert Systems with Applications : Data mining to improve personnel selection and enhance human capital. [2]. Delavari, N., PHON-AMNUAISUK S., (2008). Data Mining Application in Higher Learning. [3]. Al-Radaideh, Q. A., Al-Shawakfa, E.M., Al-Najjar, M.I, Dec, (2006). Mining Student Data Using Decision Trees, International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT 2006), Jordan. [4]. Lavrac, N, (1999). Artificial Intelligence in Medicine :Selected Techniques for Data Mining in Medicine, pp. 3-23. [5]. Mullins, I., Siadaty, M., Lyman, J., Scully, K., Garrett, C., [6]. Millar, W., Mullar, R., Robson, B., Apte, C., Weiss, S., Rigoutsos, I., Platt, D., Cohen, S., Knaus, W, (2006). Computers in Biology and Medicine: Data Mining and Clinical Data Repositories: Insights from 667,000 Patient Data Set, pp. 1351-1377. [7]. Kayha, E, In Press, (2007) . The Effects of Job Characteristics and Working Conditions on Job Performance, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. [8]. Salleh, F., Dzulkifli, Z., Abdullah, W.A. and Yaakob, N, (2011). The Effect of Motivation on Job Performance of State Government Employees in Malaysia, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 1(4), pp. 147-154. [9]. Jantan, H., Hamdan, A.R. and Othman, Z.A, (2010). Human Talent Prediction in HRM using C4.5 Classification Algorithm, International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering, 2(08-2010), pp. 25262534. [10]. https://em.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision-tree. [11]. Bhumika, AdityaRawat, Akshay Jain, ArpitArora and NareshDhami, April, (2017). Analysis of Various Decision Tree Algorithm for classification in Data Mining, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975-8887), Volume 163, No.8.
Khin Thuzar Tun, Ei Chan Lin "Calculating Decision Rules for Choosing Appropriate Candidates of a Job Using C 4.5 Algorithm" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.122-125 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/122-125.pdf
Waste generation is continuous from daily human activities, and due to lack of adequate treatment facilities, waste dumpsites are opened at designated sites. Overtime, active waste dumpsites have been closed or abandoned and new sites are created. However, there is dearth information on the comparison between the microbiological and physicochemical properties of active and abandoned waste dumpsites’ soils. This research therefore was aimed at characterizing the microbial content of active and abandoned waste dumpsite soils and assessing changes in the physicochemical properties of the dumpsite soils as to ascertain the public health concern of the two types of dumpsites. Forty soil samples were collected from the two types of solid waste dumpsites and control sites. Biological characterization of soils involved determining the counts of heterotrophic bacteria and fungi of soil samples as well as characterizing the microbial isolates using standard plate count method. Some physicochemical properties of soils were determined using standard analytical procedures. Mean ranges of physicochemical parameters were: pH 5.85±0.40 to 6.63±0.14, EC 90.38±55.92 to 625.17±356.49µS/cm, Av. P 29.41±8.99 to 54.97±19.24mg/kg, TOC 0.92±0.36 to 1.94±0.98%, TOM 2.20±0.04 to 3.42±1.69%, TN 0.02±0.01 to 0.04±0.02%, Sand 79.23±1.85 to 83.81±5.64%, Silt 5.04±2.31 to 12.3±4.44%. Clay 7.01±0.18 to 11.98±3.02%, CEC 6.68±3.08 to 12.19±5.50cmol/kg. Significant difference at p<0.05 were observed in the mean values of some physicochemical properties such as pH, EC, %TN, CEC, %sand, %clay and %silt of the sampling locations at the two depths and between control, historical and active dumpsite soils. However, some values showed no statistical significant difference. Mean ranges of microbial counts at 0–15cm and 15–30cm depths were: THB 9.4±4.39 to 22.4±5.78x105cfu/g and 13.8±7.78 to 16.1±13.45x105cfu/g, THF 2.37±0.45 to 7.1±1.85x105sfu/g and 3.9±2.29 to 6.4±2.09x105sfu/g respectively. Mean bacterial counts at the two depths were higher in control soils than the dumpsite soils, and lower in historical dumpsite soils compared to active dumpsite soils while fungal counts were higher in control soils than the dumpsites but lower in historical dumpsite soils compared to active dumpsite soils. Eleven (11) bacterial species isolated from the soil samples include Bacillus tequilensis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus species, Pseudomonas, Raoultella ornithinolytica, Pantoa ananatis, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia odonifera, Staphylococcus species and E. coli. All the bacterial species were found in active and historical dumpsite soils as well as in control soils except Serratia liquefaciens which occurred only in historical waste dumpsite soils, and E. coli which did not occur in the control soils. Order of predominance of bacteria was Bacillus > Pantoa > Pseudomonas > Serratia > Staphylococcus > E. coli. Order of predominance of fungal isolates was Penicillium > Aspergillus > Rhizopus >Fusarium >Mucor > Trichoderma. All the fungal species were isolated in all the soil samples.
- Page(s): 126-133
- Date of Publication: 07 April 2020
- Wemedo, S. A.Department of Microbiology, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Boisa, N.Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Oduah, R. N.Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Obunwo, C. C.Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
References
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Soil quality around a solid waste dumpsite in Port Harcourt. African Journal of Ecology, 44(3): 388 – 394. [19] Ideriah, T. J. K., Harry, F.O., Stanley, H.O. and Igbara, J. K. (2010). Heavy metal contamination of soils and vegetation around solid waste dumps in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 14(1): 101- 109. [20] Khupe, J. S.N. (1996). Water Supply, Sewage and Waste Management for Garborone, Botwsana. [21] McLean, E. O. (1982). Soil pH and Lime Requirement, Page, A. L. (Edn). Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties, American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Mardison, pp: 199 – 224. [22] Moffat, D. and Linden, O. (1996). Perception and Reality Assessing Priorities for sustainable development in Niger Delta. Ambio. 24: 527-538. [23] Nelson, D. W. and Sommers, L. E. (1982). Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., and Keeney, D. R. (Eds.). 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Wemedo, S. A., Boisa, N., Oduah, R. N., Obunwo, C. C. "Biophysicochemical Characterization of Soils of Abandoned and Active Solid Waste Dumpsites in Rivers State Southern Nigeria" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.126-133 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/126-133.pdf
Biodiesel is becoming popular as an environmentally friendly fuel, it has been used as an alternative for diesel fuel in the automotive industry, commonly known as No. 2 diesel. This research seeks to explore the potentials of Citrullus lanatus (Watermelon) seed oil as feedstock for biodiesel production. Various samples were collected, extracted, analyzed, trans-esterified and Characterized using standard spectroscopic and analytical procedures. The quality of the biodiesel and its biodegradability was also investigated. The oil quality parameters of Citrullus lanatus were found to be: oil content of 43.67 %, acid value 10.61 mgKOH/g, Iodine value 40.91 gI2/100g, Moisture content 2.83 %, saponification value 137.45 mgKOH/g, Peroxide value 8.00 meq/kg. The biodiesel yield, specific gravity (SG), density and flash point of the methyl ester were found to be 81 %, 0.804 , 0.87 g/cm3 and 124 oC respectively. The biodiesel was found to be inherently degradable (38.45 %). These results showed that Citrullus lanatus seed oil has a potential to be used as a source of biodiesel, which may be considered as more economic and environmentally friendly.
- Page(s): 134-141
- Date of Publication: 08 April 2020
- Hadiza AbubakarDepartment of Chemistry, Abubakar tafawa Balewa university Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Aliyu Jauro Department of Chemistry, Abubakar tafawa Balewa university Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Mahmood I.Abubakar Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Dan fodio university Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria
- Abbas Abubakar Department of Chemistry, Abubakar tafawa Balewa university Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Salim Yushau Department of Chemistry, Abubakar tafawa Balewa university Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
- Sha’aban Sallau Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
- Hamza Yakubu Department of Chemistry, Abubakar tafawa Balewa university Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
References
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Hadiza Abubakar, Aliyu Jauro, Mahmood I.Abubakar, Abbas Abubakar, Salim Yushau, Sha’aban Sallau, Hamza Yakubu "Production and Biodegradability of Biodiesel from Citrullus Lanatus Seed Oil" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.134-141 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/134-141.pdf
Self assessment is considered as a part of study process in higher education. It helps students in understanding the learning process, in all of its aspects. Also, to succeed academically and in personal & professional life, the need for the self-assessment has grown.
- Page(s): 142-145
- Date of Publication: 08 April 2020
- Hitesh KhandelwalAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, LIET, Alwar, Rajasthan, India
- Rajesh BhargavaAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, LIET, Alwar, Rajasthan, India )
References
[1] G. May, and L. Gueldenzoph, “The effect of social style on peer evaluation ratings in project teams,” Journal of Business Communication, vol. 43(1), pp. 4-20, 2006. [2] J. Fitzpatrick, “Self-assessment as a strategy to provide interactive learning within a professional degree programme,” Learning in Health and Social Care, vol. 5(1), pp. 23-34, 2006. [3] M. Wen, and C. Tsai, “University Students' Perceptions of and Attitudes toward (Online) Peer Assessment,” Higher education, vol. 51(1): pp. 27-44, 2006 [4] S. Cassidy, “Developing employability skills: Peer assessment in higher education,” Education & Training, vol. 48(7), pp. 508‐517, 2006. [5] J. Cambra‐Fierro, and J. Cambra‐Berdun, “Students’ self-evaluation and reflection, part 2: An empirical study,” Education & Training, vol. 49(2), pp. 103–111, 2007. [6] N. Kirby, and C. Downs, “Self-assessment and the disadvantaged student: Potential for encouraging self-regulated learning?,” Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, vol. 32(4), pp. 475-494, 2007. [7] N.W. Petty, and T. Green, “Measuring Educational Opportunity as Perceived by Students: A process indicator,” School Effectiveness and School Improvement, vol. 18 (1), pp. 67–91, 2007. [8] D. Baker, “Peer assessment in small groups: a comparison of methods,” Journal of Management Education, vol. 32(2), pp. 183-209, 2008. [9] I. Colthart, G. Bagnall, A. Evans, H. Allbutt, A. Haig, J. Illing, and B. McKinstry, “The effectiveness of self-assessment on the identification of learner needs, learner activity, and impact on clinical practice,” Medical Teacher, vol. 30(2), pp. 124-145, 2008. [10] J.A. Ross, and M. Starling, “Self‐assessment in a technology supported environment: The case of grade 9 geography,” Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, vol. 15(2), pp. 183‐199, 2008. [11] L.M. Garcia, and N.P. Roblin, “Innovation, research and professional development in higher education: Learning from our own experience,” Teaching and Teacher Education: An International Journal of Research and Studies, vol. 24(1), pp. 104–116, 2008. [12] V. Malone, and P.V. Pederson, “Designing assignments in the social studies to meet curriculum standards and prepare students for adult roles,” Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, vol. 81(6), pp. 257–262, 2008. [13] J. Mort, and D. Hansen, “First-year pharmacy students' self-assessment of communication skills and the impact of video review,” American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, vol. 74(5), 2010. [14] M. Ohland, “The Comprehensive Assessment of Team Member Development of a Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale for Self- and Peer Evaluation,” Academy of Management Learning and Education, vol. 11(4), pp. 609-630, 2012. [15] M. Borrego, “Team Effectiveness Theory from Industrial and Organizational Psychology Applied to Engineering Student Project Teams: A Research Review,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 102(4), pp. 472-512, 2013. [16] I. Bartusevičiene, “Self-evaluation as an Attribute of Formative Assessment of Students’ Achievements in Maritime Studies”, International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 239-244, 2014. [17] R. Tucker, “Sex does not matter: gender bias and gender differences in peer assessments of contributions to group work,” Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, vol. 39(3), pp. 293-309, 2014. [18] C. Roster, L. Lucianetti, and G. Albaum, “Exploring slider versus categorical response formats in web-based surveys,” Journal of Research Practice, vol. 11(1), 2015. [19] J. Weidhaas, “Engineering Student Self-Assessment of Performance in a Team Setting: Realism versus Fantasy,” American Society for Engineering Education, 2017. [20] H. Khandelwal, and U. Bhargava, “Student Self-Assessment: How Do I See My Self?” IJRDT, vol. 9 (3), 2018. [21] H. Khandelwal, “Self-Assessment of Engineering Students,” JESMT, vol. 8 (2), 2018. [22] H. Khandelwal, “Student Self-Assessment: A Review,” IJRIAS, vol. 4 (2), 2019.
Hitesh Khandelwal, Rajesh Bhargava "Student Self-Assessment: Critical Reflection" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.142-145 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/142-145.pdf
Malaria and typhoid is one of the most killing diseases in the world particularly in tropical countries and is worst in Africa. The study was conducted to determine the anti-malaria/ anti-typhoid potentials of graded doses coupled with the toxicological and histo-pathological effect of synergistic aqueous and ethanolic extract of Alstonia boonie Stem bark (Epo ahun) and fruit of Fruit of Capsicum frutescens in Swiss albino mice infected with Plasmodium berghei NK65 and Salmonella typhi(ATCC 35723). The stem bark Alstonia boonie Stem bark and fruit of Capsicum frutescens were screened for the presence of some qualitative screening of Secondary metabolite (phytochemicals). Twenty five (25) Swiss Albino mice were divided into 5 groups (Group 1A, 2B, 3C, 4D and 5E) of 5 mice each. The animal were inoculated with the parasite (Plasmodium berghei (Nk 65) and Salmonella typhi(ATCC 35723). At the beginning of the experiment (day 10). Three hours after inoculation (infestation 0 groups 1-3 ), the Swiss albino mice were respectively given 100, 200 and 400 mg combined extract/kg body weight dose intraperitoneally. Group 4D test animals which serve as control were given 5 mg Chloroquine/ Ciprofloxacin kg body weight while the group 5 animals (negative control) were given 0.2ml distilled water. The treatment was given once per day for four days. On the 5th day, the test animal caudal and vein samples were taken and transferred into a slide making thin film from each Swiss albino mouse. The percentage chemo-suppressive activity on early malaria and typhoid infection in Swiss albino mice of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight dose were found to be 81, 85, 75 respectively for ethanolic extract and 57, 78 and 80% respectively. For Aqueous extract, this is substantial when compared to 97% chemo-suppresive effect produced by Swiss albino mice 5 mg/kg body weight of Chloroquine/Ciprofloxacin. The Secondary metabolite (phytochemical) screening of the combined extract reveals the presence of Saponins, Flavonoids, Terpenes, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Terpenoids while anthroquinones and acid compounds were found absent. The acute toxicity (LD50) of the combined extract was estimated to be 3162 mg kg-1 body weight The above result showed that the combined extract of Stem bark of Alstonia boonie and fruit of capsicum frutescens possesses antiplasmodal and anti-typhoid potentials. The toxicological and histopathological study of the synergistic extract of Alstonia boonei and fruit of Capsicum frutescens were studied with observable features in the liver enzymes and kidney function on slide after staining. The results from this findings shows an increase in the serum Alanine amino-transaminase(ALT), Aspartate amino-transaminase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Bilirubin, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine level of the liver and kidney of the infected Swiss Albino Mice were normal. which signifies that the organs were not affected by the administration of the medicinal plants. This dose dependent increase is an indication of low toxicity of the extract which calls for a moderate use of the extract.
- Page(s): 146-158
- Date of Publication: 11 April 2020
- Oludare Temitope Osuntokun Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Pius John Ajiga Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
References
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Oludare Temitope Osuntokun & Pius John Ajiga "Toxicological Assessment of Synergistic Efficacy of Alstonia boonie & Capsicum frutescens Extract on Plasmodium berghei (NK 65) / Salmonella typhi (ATCC 35723) Infected Swiss Albino Mice" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.146-158 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/165-170.pdf
In this paper, a hybrid solar panel integrated dryer using both solar energy as well as electrical energy has been designed, constructed and tested at the faculty of Science, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. The system designed consists of solar collector, drying chamber as well as three trays of dimension 1.30 x 1.40 m. It also consists of four photovoltaic cell (PVC) modules which power the heating element and charging 200 AH Tubular battery as well as for the operation of DC fan. The system designed was made to operate as both solar energy dryer and hybrid dryer. The performance of the dryer constructed was assessed with 10.5 kg of fresh yam slices and compared its drying ability with direct open sun drying under the same atmospheric weather conditions. The results revealed that, at around 2pm, the ambient temperature recorded was 36.5oC while the solar collector and chamber temperatures recorded were 64.5oC and 51oC respectively. It was also noted that the moisture content of the fresh yam slices reduced from 89% to 33% in ten hours at drying rate of 0.8776 Kg/hour for direct open drying. For the solar drying, the moisture content reduces from 89% to 20% in ten hours at drying rate of 0.9056 Kg/hour while the moisture content for hybrid drying was found to reduce from 89% to 7% in ten hours at drying rate of 0.9258 Kg/hour. This implies that solar hybrid drying method was faster than other two techniques. It overall efficiency of system constructed was found to be 66.7%.
- Page(s): 159-164
- Date of Publication: 11 April 2020
- Aremu, O. A.Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Odepidan, K.O.Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Adejuwon, S.O.Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Ajala, A.L.Physics Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan. P.M.B 22, UI Post Office, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Aremu, O. A., Odepidan, K.O., Adejuwon, S.O., Ajala, A.L. "Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Solar Dryer" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.159-164 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/159-164.pdf
The study is to determine the PH and moisture content of Nono sold in Port Harcourt , the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Fura da nono and finally the antibiotic resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the fermented products. nono samples were purchased from Borikiri in portharcourt township. A total of 20 samples were assessed to determine their microbiological quality and to conduct antibiotic susceptibility test. Moisture content and pH of the samples were also assessed. Enumeration of the total viable bacterial count (TVBC), Total coliform count (TCC) and Total Pseudomonal count (TPC) were also assessed to determine the sanitary quality of the product. The PH ranges between 2.99 to 3.89 while the moisture content ranges between 80% to 88%. The result obtained from the microbial culture indicated that a wide array of microorganism were present in Fura da nono including species of Bacilu, klebsiella, Pseudomonas Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli.. The highest TVBC, TCC and TPC were 9.8x103 cfu/ml, 10x103 cfu/ml and 9.7x103cfu/ml respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility was conducted using 12 broad spectrum antibiotics and compared against a standard provided by the Clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI). Gentamycin, Ofloxacin and Levofloxacin recorded 100% resistance , while Cotrimoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, Vancomycin, Nitrofurantoin, Norfloxacin and Azithromycin recorded 100% susceptibility as indicated by the complete clear zone of inhibition.It was discovered that the absence of regulatory agencies like National Agency for Food Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) in the regulation of the quality of the product was the cause of the high contamination, since there were no quality control measures in its production line .It was recommended that NAFDAC should provide a standard operating procedure for local food producers and should include them in their scope for regulation.
- Page(s): 165-170
- Date of Publication: 11 April 2020
- Wiri, Thankgod BariyaaDepartment of Environmental Health Technology, Rivers State college of Health Science and Management Technology Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Osumenya, Inimeya ThompsonDepartment of Environmental Health Technology, Rivers State college of Health Science and Management Technology Port Harcourt, Nigeria
- Gbode, Yenor LekiaDepartment of Environmental Health Technology, Rivers State college of Health Science and Management Technology Port Harcourt, Nigeria
References
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Wiri, Thankgod Bariyaa; Osumenya, Inimeya Thompson; Gbode, Yenor Lekia "Public Health Implications of Locally Femented Milk (Nono) and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated From The Product in Borokiri , Rivers State Nigeria" International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 3 March 2020, pp.165-170 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue3/165-170.pdf