Assessing the Impact of Air Pollution on Liberia’s Health Sector:
Challenges and Sustainable Mitigation Strategies.”
Emmanuel Wennie
Nanjing University Of Information Science And Technology, China, People's Republic of
Received: 10 November 2025; Accepted: 17 November 2025; Published: 26 November 2025
ABSTRACT
Air Pollution is a growing challenge for public health in Liberia, driven by rapid urbanization, industrial
activities, and reliance on biomass fuels. The health sector in Liberia is significantly impacted, with increasing
cases of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and other pollution- related illnesses. This report
identifies the primary sources of air pollution, such as vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and biomass
combustion, and examines their adverse effects on public health. Furthermore, it provides actionable strategies
for mitigating air pollution, including policy implementation, technological solutions, and public awareness
campaigns. This analysis underscores the urgent need for collaborative efforts to safeguard Liberia’s health
sector from the escalating impacts of air pollution.
Keywords: Air pollution, Health Sector, Liberia, Public Health, Mitigation Strategies
A Brief Note on Liberia
Liberia, located on the west African coast, is a nation rich in history and cultural heritage. Founded in 1822 by
freed Black Slaves, Liberia become the first African republic to proclaim its independence in 1847. The
country spans over 111,000 square kilometers and is home to approximately 5 million people. Its capitol,
Monrovia, is the largest city and serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of the national.
Liberia’s economy relies heavily on agriculture, mining, and forestry, with rubber and iron ore being
significant exports. However, like many developing nations, Liberia faces challenges such as poverty, limited
infrastructure, and environmental concerns, particularly air pollution caused by urbanization, industrial
activities, and vehicular emissions.
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Despite these challenges, Liberia remains a nation of resilience and opportunity, its vast natural resources,
youthful population, and ongoing development efforts hold great potential for sustainable growth. Addressing
environmental issues like air pollution is critical for the health and future prosperity of the country.
INTRODUCTION
Air pollution is one of the most pressing environmental challenges globally, with its impact on public health
becoming increasingly alarming, particularly in developing countries like Liberia. Over the past two decades,
Liberia has undergone rapid urbanization and industrialization, resulting in a significant increase in air
pollution levels. Factors such as vehicular emissions, the burning of biomass for cooking and heating, and
industrial activities are key contributors to this environmental crisis [4, 1].
The health implications of air pollution in Liberia are severe, ranging from respiratory infections to
cardiovascular diseases and other chronic health conditions. Vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly,
and individuals with preexisting health issues, are disproportionately affected by the worsening air quality
[18]. This situation places immense pressure on Liberia’s already resource- constrained health sector, which
struggles to cope with the rising number of pollution-induced illnesses.
This report explores the critical relationship between air pollution and public health in Liberia. It investigates
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