{"id":54496,"date":"2024-12-13T10:01:03","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T10:01:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/?page_id=54496"},"modified":"2024-12-13T10:58:43","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T10:58:43","slug":"volume-i-issue-i","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/archive\/volume-i-issue-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Volume I Issue I"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"54496\" class=\"elementor elementor-54496\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c3dbe7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3c3dbe7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-712ed73 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"712ed73\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da9637e elementor-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"da9637e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-pen-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncrement of Mobile Subscriber in India : Gompertz Curve\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d514c55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d514c55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vandit Hedau, Pragya Soni &#8211;\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>April 2016\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><strong>Page No.: 01-04<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46d0cb2 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"46d0cb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"74255538\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555381\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555381\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-742555381\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAbstract\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555382\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555382\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-742555382\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAuthors\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555383\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555383\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-742555383\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tReferences\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555384\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555384\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-742555384\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCite\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555385\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-742555385\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-742555385\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFull Text &amp; Share\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-742555381\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-742555381\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-acb643d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"acb643d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f21112 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5f21112\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6d00b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6d00b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"justify\"><strong>In India mobile phone was introduced around 1995-1996. In the starting years, it was not so common among people. But as time moves it becomes a necessary component of people\u2019s lives. Now everyone can do their work within a few minutes by using mobile phones. This is the reason of mobile phone growth. In this research work we will ascertain the pattern of mobile subscriber with respect to population, as population increases the subscriber is also increased. To determine the growth of the user it uses Gompertz curve that indicates the shape and growth of mobile subscriber with respect to time here we encounter the upper limit of the curve that is used to fit the data to the model and the model suggests the development of mobile subscriber in near future This work will extrapolate the mobile phone subscriber in the future as well as find out the trend of future subscribers.<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0Page(s): 01-04<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Date of Publication: 30 April 2016<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-742555382\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-742555382\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-d8b20a6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d8b20a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a84cb0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a84cb0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8d2e1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8d2e1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Vandit Hedau<\/strong><br \/>School of Future Studies and Planning,<br \/>Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya,Indore, India.<\/li><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Pragya Soni<\/strong><br \/>School of Future Studies and Planning,<br \/>Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya,Indore, India.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-742555383\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-742555383\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-117862c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"117862c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc5b50e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc5b50e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53d3c3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53d3c3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>[1]. Debabrata Das(2012).Growth of mobile phone subscribers in India.Basic Research Journal of Business Management and Accounts ISSN 2315-6899 Vol. 1(1) pp. 14-20.<br \/>[2]. Dharmesh Motwani, Khushbu Agarwal(2015).Disseminate Knowledge-International Journal of Research in Management Science and Technology (Disseminate Knowledge-IJRMST) Customer Behavior in Mobile Banking: A Study of Udaipur Region. International Journal of Research in Management Science and Technology DK-IJRMST.Volume 3 Issue 1, ISSN No.2321-1245<br \/>[3]. Anabela Botelho, L\u0131gia Costa Pinto (2004).The diffusion of cellular phones in Portugal. Portugal Telecommunications Policy 28 (427\u2013437).<br \/>[4]. Christian M. Dippon 2012,Is Faster Necessarily Better? 3G Take-Up Rates and the Implications for Next Generation Services, Int. J. Communications, Network and System Sciences, 2012, 5, 463-480<br \/>[5]. Ahmad, M. I., Alsaadi, M. K, Almamri 2014, Statistical Models for Mobile Telephony Growth in Oman ,Information Management and Business Review Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 121-127, Jun 2014 (ISSN 2220-3796)<br \/>[6]. Christos Michalakelis, Dimitris Varoutas and Thomas Sphicopoulos 2008, Diffusion models of mobile telephony in Greece, Telecommunications Policy 32 (2008) 234\u2013245.<br \/>[7]. Sanjay Kumar Singh(2008). The diffusion of mobile phones in India. Telecommunications Policy 32 (642\u2013651).<br \/>[8]. Ruchita Gupta, Karuna Jain (2012), Diffusion of mobile telephony in India: An empirical study, Technological Forecasting &amp; Social Change 79 (709\u2013715).<br \/>[9]. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/IT.CEL.SETS.P2\/countries.<br \/>[10]. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.POP.TOTL.<br \/>[11]. Press Release No. 28\/2015. TELECOM REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF INDIA. https:\/\/www.trai.gov.in\/WriteReadData\/PressRealease\/Document\/PR-TSD-Feb10042015.pdf.<br \/>[12]. Annual Report 2013-2014. Department of TelecommunicationsMinistry of Communications &amp; Information Technology Government of India New Delhi.<br \/>[13]. Christos Michalakelis, Dimitris Varoutas, Thomas Sphicopoulos(2008). Diffusion models of mobile telephony in Greece. Telecommunications Policy 32 (234\u2013245).<br \/>[14]. Barros, P. P., &amp; Cadima, N. (2000). The impact of mobile phone diffusion on the fixed-link network. C.E.P.R. Discussion Paper No. 2598.<br \/>[15]. R.L. Chaddha, S.S. Chitgopekar(1971). A generalization of the logistic curves and long-range forecasts (1966\u20131991) of residence telephones. Bell Journal of Economics and Management Science, 2 (2). pp. 542\u2013560.<br \/>[16]. R. Bewley, D. Fiebig(1988) .Flexible logistic growth model with applications in telecommunications. International Journal of Forecasting, 4 (2) pp. 177\u2013192.<br \/>[17]. Joseph P.Martino.Technology Forecasting for Decision Making.Third Edition.Research Institute University of Dayton,Ohlo.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-742555384\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-742555384\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-8fcb8c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8fcb8c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b689ec e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7b689ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2ef635 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2ef635\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Dr. Meghna Sharma, Prachi Trivedi &#8220;Increment of Mobile Subscriber in India : Gompertz Curve&#8217; Buying Behaviour for Green Products&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.1 issue 1, pp.01-04 2016<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-742555385\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-742555385\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-4a97d4d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a97d4d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29bf439 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29bf439\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ccec68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ccec68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<center><strong>For Full Text Click here<\/strong><br \/><a title=\"Increment of Mobile Subscriber in India : Gompertz Curve\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/Vol.1&amp;Issue1\/01-04.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/digital-library\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf download\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\" \/><\/a><\/center><center><\/center>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d9c0d1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2d9c0d1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e27ad8f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e27ad8f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b72342f elementor-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"b72342f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-pen-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSignature Verification by using Radial Basis Function (SVM)\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-742de64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"742de64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Gurpreet Singh, Gurbinder Singh, Mandeep Singh &#8211; <\/strong><strong>April 2016\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Page No.: 05-09<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cc195b e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"1cc195b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"30153051\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530511\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530511\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-301530511\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAbstract\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530512\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530512\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-301530512\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAuthors\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530513\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530513\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-301530513\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tReferences\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530514\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530514\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-301530514\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCite\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530515\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-301530515\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-301530515\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFull Text &amp; Share\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-301530511\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-301530511\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-5338507 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5338507\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd7d619 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dd7d619\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73573a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73573a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Computerization has definitely revolutionized the way banking is done these days. However, even today all banking transactions, especially, financial require our signatures to be authenticated. The identifiable side-effect of signatures is that they are vulnerable to forgery. In order to avoid misuse or manipulations on account of forged signatures the need for research in efficient automated solutions for signature recognition and verification has increased in recent years. A concrete system has to be developed which should not only be able to consider these factors but also detect various types of forgeries. Signature verification approaches using information technology can be categorized according to the acquisition of the data: On-line and Off-line. On-line data records the motion of the stylus while the signature is produced, and includes location, and possibly velocity, acceleration and pen pressure, as functions of time. Online systems could be used in real time applications like credit cards transaction or resource access. While off-Line signature verification systems take as input the 2-D image of a signature. Offline systems are useful in automatic verification of signatures found on bank checks and documents. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) which has been modeled on human brain has been successfully used classifier in numerous fields. The present study focuses on detection of these forgeries using Support Vector Machine with Radial Basis Function (SVM \u2013 RBF) kernel. For evaluating our system\u2019s performance and to know the output unit response accuracy we have developed a classification\/confusion matrix and kept our performance goal based on mean square error. It was found that while ANN base system had an overall accuracy of 90% the accuracy of SVM \u2013RBF kernel was significantly higher at 95%.<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0Page(s): 05-09<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Date of Publication: 30 April 2016<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-301530512\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-301530512\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-1cae076 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1cae076\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2ce0d7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d2ce0d7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e727265 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e727265\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Gurpreet Singh<\/strong><br \/>Department of CSE,<br \/>PTU, AIET, Faridkot, India<\/li><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Gurbinder Singh<\/strong><br \/>Department of CSE,<br \/>PTU, AIET, Faridkot, India<\/li><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Mandeep Singh<\/strong><br \/>Department of CSE,<br \/>PTU, AIET, Faridkot, India<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-301530513\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-301530513\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-4f8be0f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4f8be0f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-860bcc5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"860bcc5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa166c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa166c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>[1] A.Piyush Shanker, A.N. Rajagopalan, \u2015Off-line signature verification using DTW\u2016, Pattern Recognition Letters 28 (2007) 1407\u20131414<br \/>[2] Alessandro Zimmer and Lee Luan Ling, \u2015Offline Signature Verification SystemBased on the Online Data\u2016, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing Volume 2008, Article ID 492910, 16 pages.<br \/>[3] Alisher Kholmatov, Berrin Yanikoglu. \u2015Identity authentication using improved online signature verification method\u2016. Pattern Recognition Letters 26 (2005) 2400\u20132408<br \/>[4] Anil K. Jain, Friederike D. Griess, Scott D. Connell. \u2015On-line signature veri!cation\u2016. Pattern Recognition 35 (2002) 2963 \u2013 2972;<br \/>[5] Ashwini Pansare, Shalini Bhatia \u2015Handwritten Signature Verification using Neural Network\u2016. Volume 1\u2013 No.2, January 2012<br \/>[6] Bajaj R, Chaudhary S. \u2015Signature Verification Using Multiple Neural Classifiers\u2016.<br \/>[7] D. Bertolinia, L.S.Oliveirab, E.Justinoa, R.Sabourinc, \u2015Reducing forgeries in writer-independent off-line signature verification through ensemble of classifiers\u2016, Pattern Recognition (2009), doi:10.1016\/j.patcog.2009.05.009.<br \/>[8] Danjun Pu, Gregory R. Ball, Sargur N. Srihari \u2015A Machine Learning Approach to Off-Line Signature Verification Using Bayesian Inference\u2016 Computational Forensics Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 5718, 2009, pp 125-136,<br \/>[9] Donato Impedovo and Giuseppe Pirlo. \u2015Automatic Signature Verification: The State of the Art\u2016. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics\u2014Part C: Applications and Reviews, Vol.38,No. 5, September 2008.<br \/>[10] H. Baltzakis, N. Papamarkos. \u2015A new signature veri\u00aecation technique based on a two-stage neural network classifier\u2016. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 14 (2001) 95-103<br \/>[11] Hao Feng, Chan Choong Wah. \u2015Online Signature Verification Using a New Extreme Points Warping Technique\u2016.<br \/>[12] J. Coetzer, B. M. Herbst and J. A. du Preez. \u2015Offline Signature Verification Using the Discrete Radon Transform and a Hidden Markov Model\u2016. EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing 2004:4, 559\u2013571.<br \/>[13] K.R. Radhika, M.K. Venkatesha and G.N. Sekhar, \u2015Off-Line Signature Authentication Based on Moment Invariants Using Support Vector Machine\u2016, Journal of Computer Science 6 (3): 305-311, 2010.<br \/>[14] Karouni A., Daya B., Bahlak S. \u2015Offline Signature Recognition Using Neural Network Approach\u2016. Procedia Computer Science, 3 (2011) pp 155-16;<br \/>[15] Luan L. Lee, Toby Berger, and Erez Aviczer. \u2015Reliable On-Line Human Signature Verification Systems\u2016. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE, VOL. 16, NO. 6, JUNE 1996.<br \/>[16] Madasu Hanmandlu, Mohd. Hafizuddin Mohd. Yusof, Vamsi Krishna Madasu. \u2015Off-line signature verification and forgery detection using fuzzy modeling\u2016.<br \/>[17] Ramachandra A C, Ravi J, K B Raja, Venugopal K R and L M Patnaik, \u2015Signature Verification using Graph Matching and Cross-Validation Principle\u2016, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol 1, No. 1, May 2009.<br \/>[18] Reza Ebrahimpour, Ali Amiri, Masoom Nazari and Alireza Hajiany, \u2015Robust Model for Signature Recognition Based on Biological Inspired Features\u2016, International JournalofComputerandElectrical Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 4, August, 2010.<br \/>[19] Sandeep Patil, Shailendra Dewangan. \u2015Neural Network-based Offline Handwritten Signature Verification System using Hu\u2019s Moment Invariant Analysis\u2016. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT),ISSN: 2249 \u2013 8958, Volume-1, Issue-1, October 2011.<br \/>[20] Upasana Dewan, Javed Ashraf \u2015Offline Signature Verification Using Neural NetworkOffline Signature Verification Using Neural Networks\u2016. IJCEM International Journal of Computational Engineering &amp; Management, Vol. 15 Issue 4, July 2012.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-301530514\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-301530514\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-b2a1eb9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b2a1eb9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e7dec0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4e7dec0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68a9452 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68a9452\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Gurpreet Singh, Gurbinder Singh, Mandeep Singh &#8220;Signature Verification by using Radial Basis Function (SVM)&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.1 issue 1, pp.05-09 2016<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-301530515\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-301530515\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-5d6374f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5d6374f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66acbca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"66acbca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e8a30e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e8a30e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<center><strong>For Full Text Click here<\/strong><br \/><a title=\"Signature Verification by using Radial Basis Function (SVM)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/Vol.1&amp;Issue1\/05-09.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/digital-library\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf download\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\" \/><\/a><\/center>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb6ccf7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bb6ccf7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e0264c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1e0264c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec444a9 elementor-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"ec444a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-pen-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t Leveraging Performance Parameters in Predictive Design Evolution of MEMS\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea2bae3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ea2bae3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Dr. BP Joshi, Dr. SA Gangal &#8211;<\/strong><strong>April 2016\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Page No.: 10-13<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bab9737 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"bab9737\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"195794743\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947431\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947431\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947431\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAbstract\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947432\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947432\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947432\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAuthors\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947433\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947433\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947433\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tReferences\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947434\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947434\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947434\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCite\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947435\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947435\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947435\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFull Text &amp; Share\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947431\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947431\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-f2ecbd4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f2ecbd4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b467abf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b467abf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cf07c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4cf07c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Modern era is witnessing a boom of IT Enabled Services that is converting the world flatter into non-linear functional dimension. Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), Nano Technology and Genetic Engineering have revolutionised today\u2019s industry. MEMS is an integration of mechanical systems, sensors, actuators and electronics all on a common silicon substrate. MEMS development is recursive in nature, which involves various design and testing cycles until design parameters are met. This would prove to be very expensive but for the predictive design techniques that are applied now a days. The paper discusses two design techniques for the prediction of sensor parameters and how they have been leveraged to achieve flexibility in design evolution of MEMS devices. Employment of such techniques will help MEMS designers optimising design parameters.<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0Page(s): 10-13<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Date of Publication: 30 April 2016<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947432\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947432\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-6554c13 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6554c13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e19ceb9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e19ceb9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf41e09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf41e09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. BP Joshi<\/strong><br \/>Principal<br \/>Cummins College of Engineering for Women Nagpur, India<\/li><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. SA Gangal<\/strong><br \/>ISRO Chair<br \/>Savitribai Phule University of Pune, Pune, India<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947433\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947433\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-47517cd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"47517cd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a945084 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a945084\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5aebe5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c5aebe5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>[1] Bao Min-Hang, Micromechanical Transducers. Elsevier Science Publication, ISBN: 044450558X, 2000.<br \/>[2] Chen K., \u201cA survey of Piezoresistive Semiconductor Accelerometers, Microelectronic sensors.\u201d Technical report; ee663, 2003.<br \/>[3] Fedder G., \u201cA Vision of Structured CAD for MEMS\u201d Proceedings of the Fifth ACM\/SIGDA Physical Design Workshop. 1996.<br \/>[4] Joshi B.P, Study on performance enhancement and design of MEMS Piezoresistive acceleration sensor with special consideration to Sensitivity and Bandwidth optimization, Ph.D. Thesis. 2009.<br \/>[5] Joshi B.P., Chaware A.S. and Gangal S.A., \u201cA novel technique for optimising performance<br \/>[6] of a cantilever-type Micro-accelerometer sensor.\u201d Defence Science Journal, 2007.<br \/>[7] Joshi B.P., Joshi A and Gangal S.A., \u201cPerformance improvisation of Cantilever type Silicon Micro Acceleration Sensor using Stress Concentration Regions technique.\u201d Defence Science Journal, 2007.<br \/>[8] Roylance L. and Angell J., \u201cA batch fabricated silicon accelerometer.\u201d IEEE Trans. Electron. Devices, ED-26, 1979.<br \/>[9] Walter Patrick L., \u201cTrends in accelerometer design for military Accelerometers.\u201d Sensors online Magazine, 1999.<br \/>[10] Willoughby, The Gen, Spring, 2008.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947434\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947434\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-734aae3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"734aae3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca214cf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca214cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad662e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ad662e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Dr. BP Joshi, Dr. SA Gangal &#8220;Leveraging Performance Parameters in Predictive Design Evolution of MEMS&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.1 issue 1, pp.10-13 2016<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1957947435\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1957947435\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-ce10d55 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ce10d55\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34ffb8a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"34ffb8a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f997700 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f997700\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<center><strong>For Full Text Click here<\/strong><br \/><a title=\"Leveraging Performance Parameters in Predictive\nDesign Evolution of MEMS\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/Vol.1&amp;Issue1\/10-13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/digital-library\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf download\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\" \/><\/a><\/center><center><\/center>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4db792c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4db792c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8178092 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8178092\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f671067 elementor-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"f671067\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-pen-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tStrategies for the Adoption of E-Commerce\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f42b5f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f42b5f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Jair Mu L\u00f3pez, Jos\u00e9 G. Vargas-Hern\u00e1ndez- <\/strong><strong>April 2016\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Page No.: 14-19<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba5dbb7 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"ba5dbb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"195419063\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190631\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190631\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190631\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAbstract\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190632\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190632\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190632\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAuthors\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190633\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190633\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190633\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tReferences\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190634\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190634\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190634\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCite\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190635\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190635\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190635\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFull Text &amp; Share\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190631\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190631\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-45b6241 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"45b6241\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aef400a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aef400a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-310e59b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"310e59b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"justify\"><strong>This work seeks to analyze if there is an impact from the adoption of technology used for online transactions, starting from the theories of adoption of electronic commerce as well as the strategies that companies choose to develop a competitive advantage, the models on economic interactions, the barriers on the part of companies to be included in the electronic marketplace, Mexico data are revised in recent years to review the trend that has been e-commerce and exploratory.<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0Page(s): 14-19<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Date of Publication: 30 April 2016<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190632\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190632\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-dfed4c8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dfed4c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-363f05b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"363f05b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ae2d58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ae2d58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Jair Mu L\u00f3pez<\/strong><br \/>University Center for economic and Managerial Sciences<br \/>University of Guadalajara Zapopan, Jalisco, M\u00e9xico<\/li><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Jos\u00e9 G. Vargas-Hern\u00e1ndez<\/strong><br \/>University Center for economic and Managerial Sciences<br \/>University of Guadalajara Zapopan, Jalisco, M\u00e9xico<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190633\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190633\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-d4bd9f9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d4bd9f9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbdb6c6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cbdb6c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fec5d7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fec5d7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>[1] AMIPCI. (2014). Estudio sobre el comercio electr\u00f3nico en M\u00e9xico 2013.https:\/\/www.amipci.org.mx\/estudios\/comercio_electronico\/131028_-_Comunicado-Estudio_Comercio_Electronico2013-Proyecto-V3_-_REV.pdf<br \/>[2] David, F. R. (2003). Conceptos de administraci\u00f3n estrat\u00e9gica. Pearson Educaci\u00f3n.<br \/>[3] DiMaggio, P., &amp; Powell, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48(2), 147\u2013160.<br \/>[4] Figueroa Gonz\u00e1lez, E. G., Hern\u00e1ndez Cant\u00fa, F. I., Gonz\u00e1lez Herrera, M. B., &amp; Arrieta D\u00edaz, D. (2013). COMERCIO ELECTR\u00d3NICO COMO FACTOR COMPETITIVO EN LAS MICRO, PEQUE\u00d1AS Y MEDIANAS EMPRESAS DEL SECTOR COMERCIAL EN EL ESTADO DE DURANGO. Revista International Administraci\u00f3n&amp;Finanzas, 6(3), 29-44.<br \/>[5] Gonz\u00e1lez, O. (2015).Prioritario invertir en TI en el sector Retail. MundoLog\u00edstico. 11, 69.<br \/>[6] Grewal, R., Comer, J. M., &amp; Mehta, R. (2001).An investigation into the antecedents of organizational participation in business-to-business electronic markets.Journal of Marketing, 65(3), 17\u201333<br \/>[7] Helgueros, Y. (2010). Comercio electr\u00f3nico como estrategia impulsora de las exportaciones en M\u00e9xico. RevistaInternacionalAdministraci\u00f3n&amp;Finanzas, 3(3). Pp. 81-90<br \/>[8] Hofstede, G. 1993. \u201cCultural constraints in management theories.\u201dAcademy of Management Executive 7, 81\u201394, 1993.<br \/>[9] Klijn, E., Reuer, J., Buckley, P. and Glaister, K. (2010), \u201cCombinations of partners\u2019 joint venture formation motives\u201d, European Business Review, Vol. 22, pp. 576-590.<br \/>[10] Kumar, R., Raghavan, P., Rajagopalan, S., &amp; Tomkins, A. (1999, September).Extracting large-scale knowledge bases from the Web.In VLDB Vol. 99, pp. 639-650.<br \/>[11] Lancioni, R. A., Smith, M. F., &amp;Schau, H. J. (2003). Strategic Internet application trends in supply chain management. Industrial Marketing Management, 32(3), 211\u2013217.<br \/>[12] Laudon, K. C., &amp;Traver, C. G. (2013).E-commerce 2013.<br \/>[13] Mahoney, J., &amp;Thelen, K. (2010). A theory of gradual institutional change.Explaining institutional change: Ambiguity, agency, and power, 1-37.<br \/>[14] Mata, F. J., Fuerst, W. L., &amp; Barney, J. B. (1995). Information technology and sustained competitive advantage: a resource-based analysis. MIS Quarterly, 19(4), 487\u2013505.<br \/>[15] Moreno, M. P. (2014). Comercio electr\u00f3nico y su impacto en la globalizaci\u00f3n.Observatorio de la Econom\u00edaLatinoamericana, (201).<br \/>[16] Owens, J. (2006) \u201cElectronic business: A business model can make the difference,\u201d Management Services, No. 50, pp. 16-24<br \/>[17] Perez, L., &amp;Cambra-Fierro, J. (2015). Value generation in B2B contexts: the SMEs&#8217; in the State of Durango. Revista International Administraci\u00f3n&amp;Finanzas, 6(3), 29-44.<br \/>[18] Porter, M. E. (2008). The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Harvard business review, 86(1), 25-40.<br \/>[19] Porter, M. E. (2001). Strategy and the internet. Harvard business review, 1.<br \/>[20] Renna, P.&amp;Argoneto, P. (2010). Production planning and automated negotiation for SMEs: An agent based e-procurement application. International Journal of Production Economics, 127(1), 73-84.<br \/>[21] Rogers, E. M. (1983). Diffusion of innovations (3rd ed.). New York: Free Press.<br \/>[22] Sila, I. (2013). Factors affecting the adoption of B2B e-commerce technologies.Electronic commerce research, 13(2), 199-236.<br \/>[23] Swanson, E. B. (1994). Information systems innovation among organizations.Management Science, 40(9), 1069\u20131092.<br \/>[24] Tornatzky, L. G., &amp; Fleischer, M. (1990).The processes of technological innovation.Lexington: Lexington Books.<br \/>[25] UNCTAD. (2015).Informe sobre la econom\u00eda de la informaci\u00f3n 2015.UNCTAD.https:\/\/unctad.org\/es\/PublicationsLibrary\/ier2015overview_es.pdf<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190634\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190634\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-bf93af1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bf93af1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11855ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"11855ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-376b6b3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"376b6b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Jair Mu L\u00f3pez, Jos\u00e9 G. Vargas-Hern\u00e1ndez &#8220;Strategies for the Adoption of E-Commerce&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.1 issue 1, pp.14-19 2016<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-1954190635\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-1954190635\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-6e8f389 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6e8f389\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f992d94 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f992d94\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-198d931 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"198d931\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<center><strong>For Full Text Click here<\/strong><br \/><a title=\"Strategies for the Adoption of E-Commerce\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/Vol.1&amp;Issue1\/14-19.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/digital-library\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf download\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\" \/><\/a><\/center><center><\/center>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f68c19e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f68c19e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f8cf21 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f8cf21\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-249a615 elementor-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"249a615\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-pen-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHigh linear Traveling Wave Tube\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5653c01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5653c01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Renu Malsaria &#8211; <\/strong><strong>April 2016\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>Page No.: 20-21<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-065e9ce e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"065e9ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"6678990\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789901\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789901\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-66789901\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAbstract\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789902\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789902\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-66789902\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAuthors\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789903\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789903\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-66789903\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tReferences\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789904\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789904\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-66789904\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCite\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789905\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-66789905\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-66789905\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFull Text &amp; Share\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-66789901\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-66789901\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-74de204 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"74de204\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-052deee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"052deee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae6163b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae6163b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Linearity improvement is one of the most critical issues in the development of high-power, high frequency TWT. Higher linearity allows utilizing more compact and less expensive power supplies. Furthermore, high-efficiency Travelling wave tubes can operate more reliably and have longer lifetime due to reduced collector loading. While the high-power outputs and wide gain-band widths make TWTs ideally suited for these purposes, the nonlinearity of these devices results in amplitude, phase and spectral distortion. Nonlinear distortion products appear as harmonics and for multi-carrier operation also as intermodulation products, at the output of the amplifier thus limiting the usable bandwidth of the amplifier and degrading fundamental efficiency. In this paper, design and development of a Ku-band 140W Helix TWT for improved linearity and high efficiency will be presented.<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0Page(s): 20-21<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Date of Publication: 30 April 2016<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-66789902\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-66789902\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-36e53d3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"36e53d3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55d3b79 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55d3b79\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c11069 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c11069\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Renu Malsaria<\/strong><br \/>Scholar,<br \/>Central Electronics Engineering &amp; Research Institute (CEERI) Pilani, Rajasthan, India<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-66789903\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-66789903\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-435e4e7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"435e4e7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0cb5fb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b0cb5fb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34986b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34986b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>[1] V Srivastava, et.al. \u201cDesign of High Efficiency Space TWT,\u201d (March-April 1999) IETE Tech Review, vol.16, no.2,, pp.249- 254.<br \/>[2] V Srivastava, et.al \u201cDesign of helix SWS for high efficiency TWTs\u201d (Dec.2000) IEEE Trans., vol.ED-47, no.12, pp.2438-44.<br \/>[3] https:\/\/www.cst.com<br \/>[4] MK Alaria, A Bera &amp; AK Sinha &amp; V Srivastava, &#8216;Analysis of Helix Slow Wave Structure for High Efficiency Space TWT&#8217;, Journal of Infrared Millimetre, and Terahertz Waves, Vol. 30, No. 3, March, 2009, Page 211-216.<br \/>[5] V Srivastava and SN Joshi\u201d One-dimensional nonlinear model for helix TWTs\u201d J. Instn. Of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineers (JIETE), India, vol.6, no.6, pp500-507, Nov-Dec.1989.<br \/>[6] V Srivastava and SN Joshi &#8216;Improved non-linear model for multi-signal analysis of helix TWTs&#8217;, IEEE Proceedings (UK), vol.139, Pt.H, no.2 Pp.129-134, April 1992<br \/>[7] V Srivastava,&#8217;2.5-Dimensional multi-signal large Signal analysis of helix TWTs&#8217;, IETE Journal of Research (India), vol.49, no.2, July-August, 2003, pp 239-246<br \/>[8] R.O.Jenkins and R.G.Carter Lancaster university \u201cDesign of pitch profile for high linearity helix TWT amplifiers\u201d (May 2001) displays and vacuum electronic conference, Garmisch- Patenkirchen, Germany .pp49-54.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-66789904\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-66789904\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-27425d4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"27425d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7a9974 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7a9974\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8905663 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8905663\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Renu Malsaria &#8220;High linear Traveling Wave Tube&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.1 issue 1, pp.20-21 2016<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-66789905\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-66789905\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-bb1e4d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bb1e4d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23317a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"23317a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7c5f2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f7c5f2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>For Full Text Click here<\/strong><br \/><a title=\"High linear Traveling Wave Tube\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/Vol.1&amp;Issue1\/20-21.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/digital-library\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf download\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b868a0d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b868a0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43fd2fe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"43fd2fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ece78a2 elementor-position-inline-start elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"ece78a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-pen-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIs the Sun affects our climate?\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e1ae74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e1ae74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Kamsali Nagaraja, Manikiam B and S. Ganapathy Venkatasubramanian &#8211;<\/strong><strong>April 2016\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><strong>Page No.: 22-27<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c9ea97 e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"5c9ea97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;tabs_justify_horizontal&quot;:&quot;stretch&quot;,&quot;horizontal_scroll&quot;:&quot;disable&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"97118871\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188711\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188711\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-971188711\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAbstract\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188712\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188712\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-971188712\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tAuthors\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188713\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188713\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-971188713\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tReferences\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188714\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188714\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-971188714\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tCite\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188715\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-971188715\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-971188715\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tFull Text &amp; Share\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-971188711\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-971188711\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-23ec08e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"23ec08e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60ee0e3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60ee0e3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5666082 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5666082\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p align=\"justify\"><strong>The Earth is at a distance of 150 million kilometres from the Sun and still the radiation emitted by the Sun drives the Earth\u2019s climate system. Variations in the composition and intensity of incident solar radiation hitting the Earth may produce changes in global and regional climate which are both different and additional to those from man-made climate change. In the current epoch, solar variation impacts on regional climate appear to be quite significant. Annual or decadal variations in solar activity are correlated with sunspot activity. Sunspot numbers have been observed and recorded over hundreds of years. From a global perspective the processes through which changes in incident solar radiation affect the temperature of the Earth\u2019s atmosphere, and the climate at the surface, are fairly understood. The response of climate on regional scales to changes in the composition and intensity of incident solar radiation is more complex. Understanding the role of variability in solar activity is essential for the interpretation of past climate and prediction of the future. An effort is made to understand the change in atmospheric conditions through boundary studies of all the meteorological parameters with incoming solar radiation and outgoing long wave radiation.<\/strong><\/p><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i><strong>\u00a0Page(s): 22-27<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"col-md-6\"><ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Date of Publication: 30 April 2016<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-971188712\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-971188712\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-2595f22 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2595f22\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-276182a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"276182a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-526690a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"526690a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"icons-list\"><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Kamsali Nagaraja<\/strong><br \/>ASSR Lab, Department of Physics, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, India<\/li><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Manikiam B<\/strong><br \/>Sir M Visvesvaraya \u2013 ISRO Chair, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, India<\/li><li><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>S. Ganapathy Venkatasubramanian<\/strong><br \/>Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai, India<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-971188713\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-971188713\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-d542bd4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d542bd4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e84a1cd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e84a1cd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c07a13f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c07a13f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>[1]. Archibald, D. \u201cSolar Cycles 24 and 25 and Predicted Climate Response\u201d, Energy and Environment, 17, 29-38, 2006.<br \/>[2]. Brunetti, M. \u201cSolar signals in instrumental historical series of meteorological parameters\u201d, Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana, 74 (3), 778\u2013785, 2003.<br \/>[3]. Friis-Christensen, E. and K. Lassen. \u201cLength of the solar cycle: an indicator of solar activity closely associated with climate\u201d, Science, 254, 698\u2013700, 1991.<br \/>[4]. Lassen, K. and Friis-Christensen, E. \u201cVariability of the solar cycle length during past five centuries and apparent association with terrestrial climate\u201d, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 57, 835-845, 1995.<br \/>[5]. Rajesh Agnihotri and Koushik Dutta. \u201cCentennial scale variations in monsoonal rainfall (Indian, east equatorial and Chinese monsoons): Manifestations of solar variability\u201d, Curr. Sci., 85, 459-463, 2003.<br \/>[6]. Reichel, R., P. A.Thejll and K. Lassen. \u201cThe cause-and-effect relationship of solar cycle length and the Northern hemisphere air surface temperature\u201d, J Geophy. Res. 106, 15635\u201315641, 2001.<br \/>[7]. Reid, G. C. \u201cSolar total irradiance variations and the global sea surface temperature record\u201d, J. Geophy. Res., 96, 2835\u20132844, 1991.<br \/>[8]. Verschuren, D., Laird, K. R. and Cumming, B. F. \u201cRainfall and drought in equatorial east Africa during the past 1100 years\u201d, Nature, 403, 410\u2013414, 2000.<br \/>[9]. Willson, R.C. \u201cTotal solar irradiance trend during solar cycles 21 and 22\u201d, Science, 277, 1963-1965, 1997.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-971188714\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-971188714\" data-tab-index=\"4\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 4;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-35a9c43 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"35a9c43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f666f1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f666f1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dbe74b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dbe74b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Kamsali Nagaraja, Manikiam B and S. Ganapathy Venkatasubramanian &#8220;Is the Sun affects our climate?&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.1 issue 1, pp.22-27 2016<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-971188715\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-971188715\" data-tab-index=\"5\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 5;\" class=\" elementor-element elementor-element-bb0cc83 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bb0cc83\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f0480d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f0480d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d82cb6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d82cb6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>For Full Text Click here<\/strong><br \/><a title=\"Is the Sun affects our climate?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/Vol.1&amp;Issue1\/22-27.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/digital-library\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf download\" width=\"100px\" height=\"100px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Increment of Mobile Subscriber in India : Gompertz Curve Vandit Hedau, Pragya Soni &#8211;\u00a0 April 2016\u00a0 \u00a0Page No.: 01-04 Abstract 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