{"id":7454,"date":"2021-08-06T06:17:21","date_gmt":"2021-08-06T06:17:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/?page_id=7454"},"modified":"2021-09-03T06:04:04","modified_gmt":"2021-09-03T06:04:04","slug":"volume-vi-issue-vii","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/archive\/volume-vi-issue-vii\/","title":{"rendered":"volume VI issue VII"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7454\" class=\"elementor elementor-7454 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fe9bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fe9bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fe9f9d\" data-id=\"5fe9f9d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fea25c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5fea25c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Farm Productivity among Small Scale Vegetable Farmers in Lagelu Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>K. O. Adelalu, Isaac. O. Oyewo, (PhD), M. D, Oyedele, E.O. Oladipupo-Alade &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 01-07<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fea604 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fea604\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fea915\" data-id=\"5fea915\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5feab8a elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"5feab8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The study examined small scale vegetable farmer\u2019s farm productivity in Lagelu Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria, using cross sectional data, well-structured questionnaire was use to collect primary data from sixty vegetable farmers and analysed with use of descriptive, frequency, mean and inferential statistics. The result of the study showed that 55% of the vegetable farmers were male and between the working ages of 41- 50 years with mean age of 43.13 years, 75% were married with mean family size of 7 persons, and 63.6% of the farmers had one form of formal education, 75% of them source their credit through personal savings, 41.8% had between 11-20 years of farming experience with mean years of 16.87 years of experience, 54.8% had income of N 5000- N 22,000, 68.4% source their farm land through renting, 36.7% had farm size between 1.0-4. 9 hectares, 88.5% adopt inorganic fertilizer for vegetable production and almost all (93.6%) depends on rain fed vegetable farming. The inferential statistics revealed that farming experience (\u03b2=0.573, p&lt;0.01) and extension agent contact (\u03b2=9.353, p&lt;0.05) showed positive relationship with vegetable output. Inadequate credit facility, access to viable seed, and pest and disease were the major constraint to vegetable farming in the study.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 01-07\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 06 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Isaac. O. Oyewo, (PhD)<\/strong><\/span>\r\nFederal College of Forestry, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN, M.B. 5087 Jericho, Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> K. O. Adelalu<\/strong><\/span>\r\nLadoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000 Ogbomoso, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> M. D, Oyedele<\/strong><\/span>\r\nForestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), P.M.B. 5054 Jericho, Ibadan Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> E.O. Oladipupo-Alade<\/strong><\/span>\r\nForestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), P.M.B. 5054 Jericho, Ibadan Nigeria\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Aderounmu, A.F, Adepoju, A.O and Oyewo, I.O. (2019). Assessment of Vegetable Agroforestry Farming in Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Forestry, Environment and Sustainable Development (JOFESD) 5(2): 12-20\r\n[2] Adeoye, I.B (2020). Factors Affecting Efficiency of Vegetable Production in Nigeria: A Review [Online First], Intech Open, DOI: 10.5772\/intechopen. 92702. Available from:https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/online-first\/factors-affecting-efficiency-of-vegetable-production-in-nigeria-a-review\r\n[3] Akpan, S. B., Udoh, E. J., Bassey, E. E., Inya-agha, C., and Udo, F. J. (2012). Analysis of Resource Productivity and the Level of Fertilizer &#8211; Manure Substitution among Vegetable Farmers in the Southern Region of Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 3(2):35-46. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.richtmann.org\/journal\/index.php\/mjss\/article\/view\/10999\r\n[4] Bongiwe, X and Micah B. M, (2013) Factors Affecting the Productivity and Profitability of Vegetables Production in Swaziland. Journal of Agricultural Studies 1: (2): 37-52\r\n[5] Dawit, A; Abera, D, Lemma, D and Chemdo, A. (2004). Domestic Vegetable Seed Production and Marketing. Research Report No 5. EARO, Ethiopia. 17p\r\n[6] Dias J.S. (2010) World importance, marketing and trading of vegetables. Acta Horticulturae. 921:XXVIII\r\n[7] Ethiopian Agricultural Research Organization (EARO), 2002. EARO Annual Report 200: Disease management practice on potato (solanum tuberosum L.) in Ethiopia 2015, 2015, vol. 3 No.1, 34-42.\r\n[8] Ekong, E.E. (2002). Rural sociology .An Introduction and Analysis off Rural Nigeria, Jumak publishes ltd, Ibadan; 253.\r\n[9] Gruben, G.j.H, Denton, O.A (2004.) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2 Vegetables Prota Foundation, Wageningen, Netherlands Publishers. CTA, Wageningen, Netherlands 68pp\r\n[10] Ibekwe, U.C, Adesope O.M., (2011). Analysis of Dry Season Vegetable Production in Owerri West local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria Report and opinion. 2:12\r\n[11] Kumilachew, A; Mengistu K; Fekadu G. (2014). Risks in Vegetables Production from the Perspective of Smallholder Farmers: The Case of Kombolcha Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Special Issue: Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment. Vol. 3, No. 6-1, 2014, pp. 1-5. doi: 10.11648\/j.aff.s.2014030601.11\r\n[12] Ogunbo M.M, Ayinde I.A, Afolami C.A, TOA B. (2015). Technical efficiency of pepper production under tropical conditions. International Journal of Vegetable Science.;21(1):21-27\r\n[13] Oyewo, I.O, Odediran, F.A, Yusuff, A.Q, Adams, O.T and Owoloja, A.O (2020) Sustainable Land Management Practices among Agroforestry Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Forestry Research and Management (JFRM). 17(2): 68-74.\r\n[14] Ojo, S.O., (2009). Backyard Farming. A panacea for food security in Nigeria. Pp. 1-7\r\n[15] Schippers, R.R. (2000). African Indigenous Vegetable and Overview of Cultivated Species, NRI\/ Acp, Eu, chatten, Uic.\r\n[16] Tsegay, L (2010). High Value Agriculture in Eastern and Southern Africa: Increased Regional Trade: Opportunities and Issues, Ethiopian Horticulture Development Agency\r\n[17] Tijani, A.A (2006). Analysis of the technical efficiency of rice farms in Ijesha Land of Osun State, Nigeria. Agrekon. 45 (2):126-135.Availablefrom: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/23772440_ [accessed May 18 2021]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">K. O. Adelalu, Isaac. O. Oyewo, (PhD), M. D, Oyedele, E.O. Oladipupo-Alade, &#8220;Farm Productivity among Small Scale Vegetable Farmers in Lagelu Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.01-07 July 2021\u00a0 URL : https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/01-07.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/01-07.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/farm-productivity-among-small-scale-vegetable-farmers-in-lagelu-local-government-area-of-oyo-state-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Farm Productivity among Small Scale Vegetable Farmers in Lagelu Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fec54f elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5fec54f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fec6a8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fec6a8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fec8d5\" data-id=\"5fec8d5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5feca6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5feca6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fecb60 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fecb60\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fecd4a\" data-id=\"5fecd4a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fecee3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5fecee3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fecfd6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fecfd6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fed1ce\" data-id=\"5fed1ce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fed361 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5fed361\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fed42e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fed42e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fed616\" data-id=\"5fed616\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fed7a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5fed7a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Evaluation of the antibacterial and chromatographic activity of the stem bark of <i>Andira Inermis<\/i> (Cabbage Tree) <\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Quazim B. Adebisi, Andrew D. Gosomji, Bwede D. Danbok and Emeka Aniobi &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 08-10<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fed86b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fed86b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5feda59\" data-id=\"5feda59\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fedbec elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"5fedbec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Plants have been used for centuries for better health care management of mankind. Modern science is now re-focusing its attention on natural plant therapies as a source of dealing with recent health challenges. The aim of this study focuses on the chromatographic and antibacterial activity of the chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of Andira Inermis (cabbage tree). The Thin layer chromatography test detected 11 components with retention factors between 0.16 and 0.95 proving the presence of secondary metabolites as phytochemicals present within the plant. Antibacterial effects of these extracts were tested against clinical isolates of bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at concentrations of 20, 30 and 40mg\/ml. The extracts showed inhibitory effects on the microorganisms with inhibition diameter ranges of 8-18mm. However, the chloroform extract showed greater inhibitory action against staphylococcus aureus at the concentration of 40mg\/ml. Therefore, the study justifies the use of Andira inermis as a potential source of antibiotics, and suggests the use of more highly effective organic solvents for its extraction.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 08-10\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 07 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Quazim B. Adebisi <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Federal college of Education Pankshin Plateau State, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Andrew D. Gosomji <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Federal college of Education Pankshin Plateau State, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Bwede D. Danbok <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Federal college of Education Pankshin Plateau State, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Emeka Aniobi <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Federal college of Education Pankshin Plateau State, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Adebisi, Q.B., Ogori, B.O., and Dakup, N.D. (2021) Phytochemical screening and toxicity profile of chloroform and ethyl acetate extract of Andira inermis. Chemistry Research Journal, 6(2):1-7\r\n[2] Aliero, A. A. and Wara, S.H. (2009). \u201cValidating the medicinal potential of Leptadenia hastata\u201d. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 3:335 &#8211; 338.\r\n[3] Bohm, B.A. and Kocipai A.R. (1994) Flavonoids and condensed Tannins from leaves of Hawaiian Vaccinium vaticulatum and V. Calycinium. Pac Sci., 48(4):458\u2013463.\r\n[4] Cheesbrough, M. (2006). \u201cDistrict laboratory practice in tropical countries.\u201d Part 2. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 12(1): 137-150.\r\n[5] Deepika, K., Kumar, M.V., Radhika, J.S., and Rajagopal, S.V. (2016). Studies on Isolation, Purification and Structural Elucidation of Chemical Constituents from Methanolic Flower Extract of Blepharis Molluginifolia Pers. and their Biological Activities. IJPSR; Vol. 7(12):4873-4904\r\n[6] European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). (2012). \u201cDisc diffusion method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing\u201d. Version 2. 1.\r\n[7] Oomah, D.B. (2003). Isolation, characterization and assessment of secondary metabolites from plants for use in human health. PBI Bull;13\u201320.\r\n[8] Sanmugapriya, E. and Venkataraman, S. (2006). Toxicological investigations on Strychnos potatorum seeds in experimental models. J. Health Sci., 52: 339\u2013343\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Quazim B. Adebisi, Andrew D. Gosomji, Bwede D. Danbok and Emeka Aniobi &#8220;Evaluation of the antibacterial and chromatographic activity of the stem bark of <i>Andira Inermis<\/i> (Cabbage Tree) &#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.08-10 July 2021\u00a0 DOI: https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6601<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/08-10.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/evaluation-of-the-antibacterial-and-chromatographic-activity-of-the-stem-bark-of-andira-inermis-cabbage-tree\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Evaluation of the antibacterial and chromatographic activity of the stem bark of <i>Andira Inermis<\/i> (Cabbage Tree) <\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5feef4a elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5feef4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fef072 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fef072\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fef286\" data-id=\"5fef286\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap 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elementor-element elementor-element-5ff0034\" data-id=\"5ff0034\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff01d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ff01d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ff02a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ff02a3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff0489\" data-id=\"5ff0489\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff0652 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ff0652\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>The Effect of Electromagnetism on Growth and Flocculation Potential of some selected Yeasts in Batch and Fed Batch Cultivation Systems<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Emmanuel Oluwasuen Garuba, Motunrayo A. Adebowale and Obinna Markraphael Ajunwa &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 11-16<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ff072d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ff072d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff0937\" data-id=\"5ff0937\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff0adc elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"5ff0adc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In this study, growth and flocculation potential of five different flocculent yeasts: Candida sphaerica OB10, Kluyveromyces marxianus OY11, Saccharomyces cerevisiae OGB1, Torulopsis stellate OGB3 and Candida kefyr OGB10 were investigated under electromagnetic condition in batch and fed batch cultivation systems. Candida sphaerica OB10 had optimum growth of 9.36 log cfu\/mL under batch culture system followed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae OGB1 with 9.19 log cfu\/mL and Kluyveromyces marxianus OY11 with growth of 7.72 log cfu\/mL in fed-batch culture system; both without electromagnetic induction. Torulopsis stellata OGB3 under fed-batch system was 9.78 log cfu\/mL after electromagnetic induction. Also, Candida kefyr OGB10 had an optimum growth of 10.14 log cfu\/mL in fed-batch culture system. The results of the flocculation potential of the yeast isolates showed a reduction in flocculation potential in fed-batch culture system after electromagnetic induction as compared with fed batch system without electromagnetic induction while Candida sphaerica OB10, Kluyveromyces marxianus OY11, Torulopsis stellate OGB3 and Candida kefyr OGB10 had an increase in flocculation potential in batch culture system after electromagnetic induction. These results showed that the batch culture system which was steady and undisturbed was more important in yielding well coagulated and bottom settled cells in electromagnetically induced yeast fermentation systems when compared with the fed-batch system<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 11-16\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 12 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Emmanuel Oluwasuen Garuba<\/strong><\/span>\r\nMicrobial Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Motunrayo A. Adebowale<\/strong><\/span>\r\nMicrobial Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Obinna Markraphael Ajunwa<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Microbiology, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Domingues, L., Vicente, A.A., Lima, N. and Teixeira, J.A. (2000). Applications of yeast flocculation in biotechnological processes. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, 5: 288\u2013305.\r\n[2] Varela, C. Bartel, C. Nandorfy, D. E. Borneman, A. Schmidt, S. and Curtin, C. (2020). Identification of flocculant wine yeast strains with improved filtration-related phenotypes through application of highthroughput sedimentation rate assays. Scientific Reports 10:2738-\r\n[3] Goossens, K. V., Ielasi, F. S., Nookaew, I., Stals, I., Alonso-Sarduy, L., Daenen, L. and Willaert, R. G. (2015). Molecular mechanism of flocculation self-recognition in yeast and its role in mating and survival. mBio, 6 (2), e00427-00415. doi:10.1128\/mBio.00427-15\r\n[4] Stewart G. (2018). Yeast Flocculation\u2014Sedimentation and Flotation. Fermentation. 4, 28.\r\n[5] Stewart, G.G. (2010) MBAA Award of Merit Lecture. A love affair with yeast. Technical Quarterly Master Brewer\u2019s Association of America 47, 4\u201311.\r\n[6] Powell, C.D., Quain, D.E. and Smart, K.A. (2003). The impact of brewing yeast cell age on fermentation performance, attenuation and flocculation. Federation of European Microbiological Societies Yeast Research, 3: 149\u2013157.\r\n[7] Zhao, X.Q. and Bai, F.W. 2009. Yeast flocculation: new story in fuel ethanol production. Biotechnology Advances. 27: 849\u2013856.\r\n[8] Zhang, C and Zhong, S. (2020). Mutation of the Flo1 occulation protein for enhancing the oligomannose binding. Authorea preprints, 2020 www.authorea.com. Accessed on 28\/6\/2021.\r\n[9] Andrietta, S.R., Steckelberg, C. and Andrietta, M.D.S. (2008). Study of flocculent yeast performance in tower reactors for bioethanol production in a continuous fermentation process with no cell recycling. Bioresource Technology, 99: 3002\u20133008.\r\n[10] Machado, M.D., Santos, M.S.F., Gouveia, C., Soares, H.M.V.M. and Soares, E.V. (2008). Removal of heavy metals using a brewer\u2019s yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the flocculation as a separation process. Bioresource Technology, 99: 2107\u20132115.\r\n[11] Seong, K.T., Katakura, Y., Ninomiya, K., Bito, Y., Katahira, S., Kondo, A., Ueda, M. and Shioya, S. (2006). Effect of flocculation on performance of arming yeast in direct ethanol fermentation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 73: 60-66.\r\n[12] Balmori, A. (2016). Radiotelemetry and wildlife: highlighting a gap in the knowledge on radiofrequency radiation effects. Science of Total Environment. 543 (A): 662\u2013669.\r\n[13] Oncul, S., Cuce, E.M., Aksu, B. and Inhan-Garip, A. (2016). Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on bacterial membrane. International Journal of Radiation Biology. 92(1): 42\u201349.\r\n[14] Sohni, J., Vuk, V. and Elena, P. (2016). The Effects of Low Power Microwaves at 1800 MHz and 2100 MHz on Yeast Cells Growth. Proceedings of International Microwave and RF Conference. 1233-1237.\r\n[15] Nguyen, H.P., T.H., Nguyen, S.H., Vladimir, B., Rodney, J.C., Brian, P., Russell, J.C. and Elena, P.I. (2016). The Bioeffects Resulting from Prokaryotic Cells and Yeast Being Exposed to an 18 GHz Electromagnetic Field. PLoS ONE 11(7): e0158135. doi:10.1371\/journal.\r\n[16] Riffo, B. Henriquez, C., Chavez, R. Pena, R., Sangorrin, M., Gil-Duran C., Rodriguez, A., and Ganga, M. A. 2021. Non ionizing electromagnetic filed: A promising alternative for growing control yeasts. Journal of Fungi, 7, 281.\r\n[17] Verstrepen, K. J. Derdelinckx, \u2022 G. Verachtert, H. and Delvau, F. R. (2003). Yeast flocculation: what brewers should know. Applied Microbial Biotechnology. 61:197\u2013205\r\n[18] D\u2019Hautcourt, O. and Smart, K.A. (1999). The measurement of brewing yeast Flocculation. Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemist, 57: 123-128.\r\n[19] Cheng, J.S., Ding, M.Z., Tian, H.C. and Yuan, Y.J. (2009). Inoculation density dependent responses and pathway shifts in Saccharomyces cerevisae. Proteomics, 9(20): 4704 &#8211; 4713.\r\n[20] Garuba, E.O., Ajunwa, O. M. Olaifa, K. W. and Onilude,A.A. (2020). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and electromagnetic optimization of pigment production by Sporobolomyces sp S5 and Rhodotorula sp A21 in submerged fermentation. Journal of Bioscience Biotechnology, 9(1): 17-25\r\n[21] Ahmed, I., Istivan, T., Irena, C. and Elena, P. (2013). Evaluation of the effects of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF) on survival of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. EPJ Nonlinear Biomedical Physics. 1: 5.\r\n[22] Ibraheim, M.H., and Darwish D.B. (2013). 50 Hz Frequency Magnetic Field Effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis Bacteria. Journal of Applied Physics, 5(3): 49-56.\r\n[23] Malt, F. D., Zlontntk, J. Obermeier, A. and Fries, W. (2011) augmemtattion of Antibiotic activity of by Low-frequency electric and electromagnetic fields: examining Staphyloccus aureus in Broth media. Bioelectroomagnetics. 32 (5). 367-377.\r\n[24] Soares, E.V., Vroman, A., Mortier, J., Rijsbrack, K. and Mota, M. (2004). Carbohydrate carbon sources induce loss of flocculation of an ale-brewing yeast strain. Journal Applied Microbiology. 96: 1117\u20131123.\r\n[25] Hadiyantoa, D. A., Apsari, P. A. and Desiyantri, S. P. (2014). Optimization of Ethanol Production from Whey through Fed-Batch Fermentation Using Kluyveromyces marxianus. Energy Procedia, 47: 108 \u2013 112.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Emmanuel Oluwasuen Garuba, Motunrayo A. Adebowale and Obinna Markraphael Ajunwa &#8220;The Effect of Electromagnetism on Growth and Flocculation Potential of some selected Yeasts in Batch and Fed Batch Cultivation Systems&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.11-16 July 2021\u00a0 URL : https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/11-16.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/11-16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/the-effect-of-electromagnetism-on-growth-and-flocculation-potential-of-some-selected-yeasts-in-batch-and-fed-batch-cultivation-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Effect of Electromagnetism on Growth and Flocculation Potential of some selected Yeasts in Batch and Fed Batch Cultivation Systems<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff1e7d elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5ff1e7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ff1f9f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ff1f9f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff21ae\" data-id=\"5ff21ae\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff233d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ff233d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ff2409 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ff2409\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff25f4\" data-id=\"5ff25f4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff2772 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ff2772\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ff28f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ff28f1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff2b4a\" data-id=\"5ff2b4a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff2d0b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ff2d0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ff2de4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ff2de4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff2fd4\" data-id=\"5ff2fd4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff318b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ff318b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Fortification of Tempeh Flour on the Chemical and Organoleptic Properties of Oyster Mushroom Nuggets<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>E. Basuki, N. Rahmayani and I W. Sweca Yasa &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 17-21<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ff325a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ff325a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ff3458\" data-id=\"5ff3458\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff360a elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"5ff360a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fortification of tempeh flour to the chemical and organoleptic properties of oyster mushroom nuggets. Randomized Block Design (RBD) with a single factor and triplicate in order to obtain 18 experimental samples was used as experimental design. The treatments ratio of of tempeh flour to the oyster mushroom are as follows:, P1 (30% : 70%), P2 (40: 60%), P3 (50%: 50%) , P4 (60% : 40%), P5( 70%: 30%), and P6 ( 80%: 20%). The parameters to be observed included moisture, fat, protein and organoleptic (taste, color, texture and aroma). Observation data were tested by ANOVA at 5% significance levels and continued by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) with the same significant level. The results showed that fortification of tempeh flour had a significant effect on all chemical and organoleptic of the nuggets. The treatment of fortified tempeh flour ratio 80%: Oyster mushroom 20% is the best treatment for the chemical quality of nuggets (40.8% moisture content, 10.39% fat content and 13.86% protein content). As well as for the organoleptic quality, the prereferable ratio of 60% tempeh flour: 40% oyster mushrooms.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 17-21\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 12 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> E. Basuki<\/strong><\/span>\r\nFaculty of Food Technology and Agro-Industry, University of Mataram Indonesia\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> N. Rahmayani <\/strong><\/span>\r\nFaculty of Food Technology and Agro-Industry, University of Mataram Indonesia.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> I W. Sweca Yasa<\/strong><\/span>\r\nFaculty of Food Technology and Agro-Industry, University of Mataram Indonesia\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Afrisanti, D.W., 2010. Chemical and Organoleptic Composition of Rabbit Meat Nugget with the Addition of Tempe Flour. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture. Sebelas Maret University. Surakarta.\r\n[2] Aini, N., V. Prihananto and S. Joni Munarso, 2010. The Effect of Corn Soaking and Tempeh Flour Substitution on Nutritional Value and Sensory Properties of Instant Corn Rice. Agrotek Journal. 5 (2): 71-82 ..\r\n[3] Indonesian National Standardization Agency. 2002. SNI 01-6683-2002 concerning Chicken Nugget. Indonesian National Standardization Agency. Jakarta.\r\n[4] National Standard Agency (BSN). 2014. SNI 10-6683-2014 concerning the Quality of Chicken Nugget. Indonesian National Standard Bandar. Jakarta.\r\n[5] Estyningtiyas, D., and N. Rustanti. 2014. Nutritional Content of Tempe Flour Substitute Sausage with Yellow Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea Batatas) and Extra Stabilizer of Seaweed (Euchema Cottonii) for PMT Pregnant Women. Journal of Nutritiont College. 3 (2): 8-15.\r\n[6] Gavi, N.A.M., and E. Martati. 2018. Effect of Substitution of Tempeh Koro Sword (Canavalia ensiformis L.) and Corn Oil on Physical, Chemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Steamed Brownis. Journal of Food and Agroindustry. 6 (2): 94-105.\r\n[7] Hanafiah, K.A., 2001. Theory and Application Experiment Design. PT. Raja Grafindo Permata. Jakarta.\r\n[8] Heridiansyah, N., H. Nur&#8217;aini and Darius, 2014. The Influence of Tempe Types and Binders on the Characteristics of Tempe Nugget. Journal of Food Technology Agribusiness. 1 (1): 109-118.\r\n[9] Kurniawati and A. Fitriyono, 2012. The Effect of Wheat Flour Substituation with Yellow Sweet Potato Tempe Flour on Protein, \u03b2-carotene and Organoleptic Quality of Sweet Bread. Journal of Nutrition Collage. 1 (1): 344-351.\r\n[10] Kusnandar, F., 2010. Food Chemistry. Dian Rakyat. Jakarta.\r\n[11] Lestari. Y., 2017. The Effect of Tempe Flour Concentration on the Quality of Cork Fish (Channa Striata) Nugget. Thesis. Faculty of Food Technology and Agroindustry. Mataram University. Mataram.\r\n[12] Murni, M., 2013. Study of Addition of Tempe Flour in Making Wet Cakes on Consumers&#8217; Acceptance. Article recap. Veterans University. Surabaya\r\n[13] Murni, M., 2014. Effect of Addition of Tempe Flour on Quality and Taste of Chicken Nuggets. Industrial R&amp;D News. 3 (2): 117-123 ..\r\n[14] Permatasari, P.K. and R. Arintina, 2013. Tempe Nugget with Tilapia Fish Substitution as an Alternative Food Source of Protein, Fiber and Low Fat. Journal of Nutrion Collage 2 (1): 1-9.\r\n[15] Rika, 2008. Knowing Highly Nutritious Tempe. http:\/\/www.waspada.co.id\/ index2.php? option = com_content &amp; do_pdf = 1 &amp; id = 14839. Accessed: May 19, 2019\r\n[16] Rusdin, R., 2015. Food Chemistry. National Library. Yogyakarta.\r\n[17] Septiana, Y., 2017. Effect of Proportion of Bran Flour and Porang Flour on Making Oyster Mushroom Nugget as Nutrient-Rich Food. Thesis . Faculty of Food Technology and Agroindustry. Mataram University.\r\n[18] Winarno, F.G., 1997. Food Chemistry and Nutrition. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta\r\n[19] Widiyani, R. 2013. Hypertension Patients Should Limit Meat .http:\/\/health. kompas.com\/read\/2013\/10\/15\/0947267\/Penderita.Hypertension. Must. Limit. Meat. Retrieved on 19 May 2019.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">E. Basuki, N. Rahmayani and I W. Sweca Yasa &#8220;Fortification of Tempeh Flour on the Chemical and Organoleptic Properties of Oyster Mushroom Nuggets&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.17-21 July 2021\u00a0 URL : https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/17-21.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/17-21.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/fortification-of-tempeh-flour-on-the-chemical-and-organoleptic-properties-of-oyster-mushroom-nuggets\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fortification of Tempeh Flour on the Chemical and Organoleptic Properties of Oyster Mushroom Nuggets<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6000726 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6000726\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600084a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600084a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6000a58\" data-id=\"6000a58\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6000be2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6000be2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6000caa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6000caa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6000e92\" data-id=\"6000e92\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600100d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"600100d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60010d0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60010d0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600172c\" data-id=\"600172c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60018fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60018fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60019e3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60019e3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6001bee\" data-id=\"6001bee\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6001d8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6001d8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Entrepreneurship Education and Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention among University Students in South western Nigeria<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Ojo Afolabi Ayotunde &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 22-28<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6001e61 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6001e61\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6002057\" data-id=\"6002057\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6002217 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6002217\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Faced with challenge of high unemployment rate, there is need for a drastic step to prepare the youths who account for majority of the unemployed figure for entrepreneurial activities rather than just preparing them to hunt for jobs after their study. While it is compulsory for higher institutions in Nigeria to take entrepreneurship courses, there is little evidence on its impact on students\u2019 entrepreneurial intentions. The purpose of this paper is to add to the literature on entrepreneurial intention using the theory of planned behaviour to examine the intentions of university students in southwestern Nigeria. In this paper, Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (EIQ) was used to measure entrepreneurial intentions using a sample of 127 final year students from one of the foremost private universities in southwestern Nigeria; Redeemer\u2019s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression was used to determine the effect of the explanatory variable on the dependent variables. The result shows a positive but weak relationship between entrepreneurship education and antecedents of entrepreneurial intention. The study concludes that having entrepreneurship education may not totally translate into job creation hence, it was recommended that there is need for government and other stakeholders to consider other factors that influence entrepreneurship intention.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 22-28\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 12 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<strong> DOI : <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6701\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6701<\/a><\/strong>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Ojo Afolabi Ayotunde<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration and Marketing, Redeemer&#8217;s University\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Alade, A. (2019, July 12). Degree Grade: The Cause for Unemployment and Backwardness in Africa. Daily Trust. https:\/\/dailytrust.com\/degree-grade-the-cause-for-unemployment-and-backwardness-in-africa\r\n[2] Agunbiade, O.M., Afolabi, F.J., &amp;Adeleke, B. (2015). Influence of Family Background on Entrepreneurship Perception and Career Intentions of Secondary School Adolescents in Nigerian City. Ife Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Management, 1(1), 148-161\r\n[3] Ajzen I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50 (2), 179-221\r\n[4] Barungi, B., Odhiambo, O., Asogwa, R., &amp; Zerihun, A. (2016). African Economic Outlook: Nigeria\r\n[5] Basu, A. &amp; Virick, M.(n.d.) Assessing Entrepreneurial Intentions Amongst Students: a comparative study.\r\n[6] Bhandari N. C. (2006). Intention for entrepreneurship among students in India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 15 (2).\r\n[7] Dionco-Adetayo, E. (2006). Factors influencing attitude of youth towards entrepreneurship. International Journal of Adolescence and youth 13(1\/2), 127-145\r\n[8] Dionco-Adetayo, E. (2014). Entrepreneurship education: a panacea to graduate unemployment? An inaugural lecture delivered at Oduduwa Hall, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria on Tuesday 11thNovember 2014.\r\n[9] Falcone &amp; Osborne, S. (2005). Entrepreneurship: a diverse concept in a diverse world.\r\n[10] Fayolle, A. &amp; Gailly, B. (2015). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes and intention: hysteresis and persistence. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(1), 75-93\r\n[11] Fayolle, A., Gailly, B. &amp; Lassas-Clerc, N. (2006). Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education programmes: a new methodology. Journal of European Industrial Training, 30(9), 701 \u2013 720\r\n[12] Gunu, U. &amp; Tsado, E. (2017). Do Nigerian undergraduate students have what it takes to be successful entrepreneurs? An enquiry into the entrepreneurial capacity of Nigerian undergraduates. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences. 4(1), 10-19\r\n[13] Hattab, H. W. (2014). Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students in Egypt. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(1), 1\u201318.\r\n[14] Hisrisch, R.D., Peters, M. P., Shepherd, D. A. &amp; Mombourquette, P. S. (2006). Entrepreneurship. Toronto: McGraw-Hill\r\n[15] Iakovleva, T. &amp; Solesvik, M.Z. (2014). Entrepreneurial intentions in post-soviet economies. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 21(1), 79-100.\r\n[16] Kolveried (1996). Prediction of employement status choice intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21 (1), 47-57.\r\n[17] Krueger, N.F. &amp; Brazeal, D.V. (1994). Entrepreneurial potential and potential entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 4,91-104.\r\n[18] Krueger, N.F., Reilly, M.D. &amp; Carsrud, A.L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15 (5), 411-432.\r\n[19] Kuratko, (2005). The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Education: Development, Trends, and Challenges. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice577-597\r\n[20] Linan, F. &amp; Chen, Y.W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593-617.\r\n[21] Lucky, I., &amp; Minai, M. S. (2011). The Entrepreneurial Mind of the Female Graduate-to-be in Northern Malaysia. Paper presented at the Proceeding at the World Business, Economics and Finance Conference.\r\n[22] Merle K., Marianne K., Urve V., &amp;Aino K. (2013). Entrepreneurship education at university level and students\u2019 entrepreneurial intentions. Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education\r\n[23] N-Power (2016). http:\/\/www.npower.gov.ng\r\n[24] Rueda, Moriano, &amp; Linan (2015). Validating a theory of planned behaviour questionnaire to measure entrepreneurial intention, in Fayolle, A., Kyro, P. And Linan, F. (Eds). Developing, Shaping and Growing Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham, 60-78\r\n[25] Thavaraj, H.S. (2012). Entrepreneurship among students: a two group discriminant model. International Journal of Business Management &amp; Research, 2(4), 53-58.\r\n[26] Trading Economics (2021). Nigeria Unemployment rate. https:\/\/tradingeconomics.com\/nigeria\/unemployment-rate\r\n[27] Wassim J. A. (2016). Predicting entrepreneurial intentions of final year Saudi university business students by applying the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 23 (4), 1142 \u2013 1164\r\n[28] World Bank (2015). Nigeria: country at a glance. Retrieved 25thJanuary 2016 from http:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/nigeria\/overview\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Ojo Afolabi Ayotunde &#8220;Entrepreneurship Education and Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention among University Students in South western Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.22-28 July 2021\u00a0 DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6701<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/22-28.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/entrepreneurship-education-and-antecedents-of-entrepreneurial-intention-among-university-students-in-southwestern-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Entrepreneurship Education and Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention among University Students in South western Nigeria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60035b0 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"60035b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60036d4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60036d4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6003917\" data-id=\"6003917\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6003ac3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6003ac3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6003b97 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6003b97\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6003d9f\" data-id=\"6003d9f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6003f29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6003f29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60040f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60040f9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600431b\" data-id=\"600431b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60044d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60044d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60045a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60045a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600478e\" data-id=\"600478e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6004925 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6004925\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Distribution of Oculo-Visual Anomalies According to Body Mass Index in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Dr Samuel O. Ndukuba, Dr. Chioma Okwor, Dr Andrew Omaka, Dr. Nnenne U. Onu, Dr. Amarachi Ezeigbo, Dr Nnamdi Okore and Dr Benjamin Izuchukwu &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 29-32<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60049ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60049ec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6004be3\" data-id=\"6004be3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6004d7f elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6004d7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">A prospective study aimed at determining the distribution of oculo-visual anomalies according to body mass index in Umuahia north local government area of Abia State, Nigeria was carried out through community eye health outreaches.\r\nA total of 112 subjects, made up of 34 (30.4%) males and78 (69.6%) females were examined. with a mean age of 43\u00b147.63years. The subjects were examined using some optometric procedures like ophthalmoscopy, retinoscopy, penlight examination, visual acuity measurement etc. The height and weight of the subjects were equally measured and their BMI deduced.\r\nThe results of the study showed that 47 (42%) of the subjects were underweight, 43 (38.4%) have normal weight, 20 (17.8%) are overweight while 2 (1.8%) were obese.\r\nIt was noted that 96 subjects (85.7%) had at least one oculo-visual anomaly, while 16 subjects (14.3%) were seen to have no oculo- visual anomaly across various classes of BMI.\r\nRefractive errors and presbyopia were noted to occur most in the study population occurring in 39 of the 112 subjects (34.8%) respectively.\r\nWhile overweight was significantly found to be risk factor in age related cataract it was not a risk factor for refractive errors. Underweight was found not to be a risk factor in age related cataract and refractive errors.\r\nBMI measurement should be one of the clinical procedures, not just in a general health outlet but in eye clinics. Individuals with abnormal BMI should undergo detailed clinical procedures to look out for possible oculovisual anomalies.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 29-32\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 14 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Samuel O. Ndukuba <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Optometry, Abia state University, Uturu, Nigeria. PMB 2000, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Dr. Chioma Okwor<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Optometry, Abia state University, Uturu, Nigeria. PMB 2000, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Dr Andrew Omaka<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Optometry, Abia state University, Uturu, Nigeria. PMB 2000, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Dr. Nnenne U. Onu <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Optometry, Abia state University, Uturu, Nigeria. PMB 2000, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Dr. Amarachi Ezeigbo <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Optometry, Abia state University, Uturu, Nigeria. PMB 2000, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Dr Nnamdi Okore <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Optometry, Abia state University, Uturu, Nigeria. PMB 2000, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Dr Benjamin Izuchukwu <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Optometry, Abia state University, Uturu, Nigeria. PMB 2000, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Gordon, M.O., Beiser, J.A., and Brandt, J.D. (2002). The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study: baseline factors that predict the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol.; 120:714\u201320.\r\n[2] Bakari, A.G., Onyemelukwe, C., Sani, B.J., Aliyu, S., Hassan, S.S. and Aliyu, T.M. (2007). Nig J Med.; 16(1): 77-78.\r\n[3] Bengtsson, B. and Heijl, A. (2005). A long-term prospective study of risk factors for glaucomatous visual field loss in patients with ocular hypertension. J Glaucoma; 14:135-138.\r\n[4] Bergman, B., Nilsson-Ehle, H. and Sj\u00f6strand, J. (2004). Ocular changes, risk markers for eye disorders and effects of cataract surgery in elderly people: a study of an urban Swedish population followed from 70 to 97 years of age. Acta Ophthalmol Scand; 82:166\u201374.\r\n[5] Bianchini, F., Kaaks, R. and Vainio, H. (2002). Weight control and physical activity in cancer prevention. Obes Rev; 3:5\u20138.\r\n[6] Chatterjee, A., Milton, R.C. and Thyle, S. (1982). Prevalence and aetiology of cataract in Punjab. Br J Ophthlmol; 66:35-42.\r\n[7] Cheung, N. and Wong, T.Y. (2007). Obesity and Eye Diseases. Surv Ophthalmol.; 52: 180-195.\r\n[8] Chiai, H., Shirasawa, T., Nanri, H., Nishimura, R., Hoshino, H. and Kokaze, A. (2017). Lifestyle factors associated with underweight among Japanese adolescents: a cross sectional study. Arch Public Health; 75:45.\r\n[9] Forrester, J.V. (1997). Aging and vision. Br J Ophthalmol.; 81(10): 809-810.\r\n[10] Gordon, M.O., Beiser, J.A., and Brandt, J.D. (2002). The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study: baseline factors that predict the onset of primary open-angle glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol.; 120:714\u201320.\r\n[11] Grundy, S.M. (2000). Metabolic complications of obesity. Endocrine; 13:155\u201365.\r\n[12] Kuang, T.M., Tsai, S.Y. and Hsu, W.M. (2005). Body mass index and age-related cataract: the Shihpai Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol; 123: 1109\u201314.\r\n[13] Malik, V.S., Willett, W.C. and Hu, F.B. (2013). Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol ;9: 13\u201327.\r\n[14] Momeni-Moghaddam, H., Kundart, J., Elsani, M. and Abdeh-Kykha, A. (2012). Body mass index and binocular vision skills. Saudi J Ophthalmol; 26 (3): 331-334.\r\n[15] Nwoke, E.B., Shiwaku, K. &amp; Takamash, H. (1986). Oculo-visual anomalies. Japan Journal of Tropica Medicine and Hygiene; 19 (2): 191-201.\r\n[16] Richter, G.M.,Choudhury, F., Torres, M., Azen, S.P. and Varma, R. (2012). Risk factors for incident cortical, nuclear, posterior subcapsular, and mixed lens opacities: the Los Angeles Latino eye study. Ophthalmology; 1119: 2040-2047.\r\n[17] Turgut, B. (2018). Ocular changes and disorders associated with Obesity. Int J Clin Exp Ophthalmol.; 2: 18-20.\r\n[18] Varma, R., Wang, M.Y., Ying-Lai, M., Donofrio, J. and Azen, S.P. (2008). The prevalence and risk indicators of uncorrected refractive error and unmet refractive need in Latinos: the Los Angeles Latino eye study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.; 49(12): 5264-5273.\r\n[19] Weitoft, R., Eliasson, M and Rosen, M. (2008). Underweight, overweight and obesity as risk factors for mortality and hospitalization. Scand J Public Health; 36(2): 169-176.\r\n[20] World Health Organisation WHO (2000). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation. WHO Technical Report Series 894. World Health Organization, Geneva. www.dailymail.co.uk\/health\/article-372725\/Obesity-lead-blindness.html. Retrieved on 22\/04\/2020\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Dr Samuel O. Ndukuba, Dr. Chioma Okwor, Dr Andrew Omaka, Dr. Nnenne U. Onu, Dr. Amarachi Ezeigbo, Dr Nnamdi Okore and Dr Benjamin Izuchukwu, &#8220;Distribution of Oculo-Visual Anomalies According to Body Mass Index in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.29-32 July 2021\u00a0 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/29-32.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/29-32.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/distribution-of-oculo-visual-anomalies-according-to-body-mass-index-in-umuahia-abia-state-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Distribution of Oculo-Visual Anomalies According to Body Mass Index in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600613c elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"600613c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; 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data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6006e5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6006e5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6006f3b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6006f3b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600710e\" data-id=\"600710e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6007285 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6007285\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600735f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600735f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6007548\" data-id=\"6007548\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600a25c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"600a25c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Geotechnical Investigation of a Proposed Dam Project, Iyah Gbede, Kogi State, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Oyanameh O.E, Olabode O.O, Korode A.I, Osisanya W.O, Fatoye O.V &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 33-42<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600a3a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600a3a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600a5fd\" data-id=\"600a5fd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600a7bc elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"600a7bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Geotechnical study was conducted at the proposed Dam project of Iyah Gbede, Ijimu Local Government Area of Kogi State with the aim of evaluating the subsoil layers that constitute the foundation soils and their competence as foundation soils for the civil engineering structures. The study involved drilling of three (3) boreholes and eleven (11) trial pits as well as Standard Penetration Test (SPT) to obtain the in situ strength parameters of the sandy layers. The lithological formations that constitute the study area layers are lateritic top soil, grey brown sandy clay, yellowish brown coarse sand, gravel and weathered rock. All the soils have average natural moisture content because it agrees with the average range of (5 \u2013 15%) specified by Federal Ministry of Works and Housing FMWH, (1997) for civil engineering construction which is an indication of low water absorption capacities of the soil materials. The results of the geotechnical parameters of the soils obtained indicate good characteristics as construction materials with good bearing strength, good baseline information and foundation design for the establishment of the proposed dam site.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 33-42\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 14 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Oyanameh O.E<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Earth Sciences, Anchor University, Ayobo, Lagos, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Olabode O.O<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Geology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Korode A.I<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences, Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Osisanya W.O<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Physics, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Fatoye O.V<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Earth Sciences, Anchor University, Ayobo, Lagos, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Adama John (2021); Multi-Million Naira Bridge Collapses A Week After Construction In Kogi. Dailytrust https:\/\/dailytrust.com\/ Multi-Million Naira Bridge Collapses A Week After Construction In Kogi.\r\n[2] Agbede Olufemi and Manasseh Joel (2008); Use of Cement-Sand Admixture in Laterite Brick Production for Low Cost Housing. Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies 7(12)\r\n[3] BS 1377 (1975). Methods of Tests for Soils for Civil Engineering Purpose, British Standard Institution HMSO London.\r\n[4] Daniel, D. E., 1993. Clay Liners. In: Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal (Daniel D.E ed). Chapman Hall, London, U.K, 137-163.\r\n[5] Federal Ministry of Works and Housing (1997). General Specification for Roads and Bridges, Volume II, Federal Highway Department, FMWH: Lagos, Nigeria, 317 p.\r\n[6] Geotechnical Engineering Bureau (2015), Geotechnical Test Method, Department of Transportation, State of New York, GTM 7, Revision 2 Pg 1-6\r\n[7] Jegede G (1999). Engineering Geological Significance of the Superficial Deposits in Carrington Hill Area, Country Conc, Ireland. Nig. J. Sci. 28:153-158.\r\n[8] Madedor AC (1983). Pavement Design Guidelines and Practice for Different Geological Area in Nigeria. In: Ola SA (Ed) Tropical Soil of Nigeria in Engineering Practice. AA Balkema Rotterdam, pp. 291-297.\r\n[9] NIMET (2008). Nigeria Climate Review Bulletin 2007. Nigerian Meteorological Agency. NIMET-No. 001.\r\n[10] Oltzschner, H., 1992. Anforderin an die Geologic, Hydrogeologie Und Geotechnik beim Bau von Deponie. In: THORME-KOZMIENSKY KJ (eds), Additictung Von Deponien and Altlastlen. E. F. Verlag fiir Gnergie und Umwelttechnik combit, Borlin. 53-82.\r\n[11] Olabode O.O, Oyanameh O.E, Dorcas Idowu, Korode A.I, and Osisanya O.W (2021): Application of One Dimensional Geophysical Investigation on Proposed Dam Project, iyah Gbede, kogi state, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics (IOSR-JAGG) Volume 9, Issue 1 Ser. 1(Jan-Feb. 2021) pg 12-20.\r\n[12] Olayinka C. O , Abiodun S. O , Ayodeji Ogunde , Opeyemi Josuha and Daniel O. B (2017): Incessant Building Collapse in Nigeria: A Framework for Post Development Management Control\r\n[13] Pedro L.C. and Cesar A. M (2017); Geophysical Investigation of earth dam using the electrical tomography resistivity technique. Geosciences Geoci\u00eancias. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/312569653\r\n[14] Rowe, R. k., 2005. Long-term performance of contaminant barrier systems. Geotechnique. 55, (9): 631-678.\r\n[15] TANCHEV, L. Dams and appurtenant hydraulic structures. (2\u00b0 ed.). London: Taylor &amp; Francis Group, 1073. p., 2014.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Oyanameh O.E, Olabode O.O, Korode A.I, Osisanya W.O, Fatoye O.V &#8220;Geotechnical Investigation of a Proposed Dam Project, Iyah Gbede, Kogi State, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.33-42 July 2021\u00a0 URL : https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/33-42.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/33-42.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/geotechnical-investigation-of-a-proposed-dam-project-iyah-gbede-kogi-state-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Geotechnical Investigation of a Proposed Dam Project, Iyah Gbede, Kogi State, Nigeria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600bbbd elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"600bbbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600bcf8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600bcf8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600bf07\" data-id=\"600bf07\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600c095 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"600c095\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600c170 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600c170\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600c34e\" data-id=\"600c34e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600c4db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"600c4db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600c5a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600c5a7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600c774\" data-id=\"600c774\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600c90c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"600c90c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600c9d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600c9d7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600cbb9\" data-id=\"600cbb9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600f924 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"600f924\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Synthesis and Application of Eco-Friendlyred Onion Skins Azo Dyes for the Removal of Cobalt from Aqueous Media<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Gervais Manizabayo, Aimable Niyomugabo, Dr. Uche John Chukwu &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 43-46<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-600fa63 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"600fa63\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-600fd02\" data-id=\"600fd02\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-600fef1 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"600fef1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The present study investigated the synthesis of low cost and environmental friendly red onion skins azo dyes derivatives and their application as ligands for the extraction of cobalt (II) ions from aqueous media. The effect of pH, agitation time, ligand concentration, and metal ion concentration on Co2+ ions removal efficiency as well as the stoichiometric coefficients were examined. The study revealed that the azo dyes were effective in removing Co2+ ion from aqueous solution. The highest removal efficiencies were obtained within the pH ranges 6-7. The results also showed that the % extraction (% E) of Co2+ions increased with agitation time and concentration of the ligand. The slope analysis carried out on the experimental data demonstrated that Co2+ions reacted with the ligands in 1:2 metals to ligand ratio.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 43-46\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 17 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<strong> DOI : <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6702\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6702<\/a><\/strong>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Gervais Manizabayo <\/strong><\/span>\r\nChemistry Department, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Rwanda\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Aimable Niyomugabo<\/strong><\/span>\r\nChemical Engineering Department, African Center of Excellence for Sustainable Mining, Copperbelt University, Zambia\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Dr. Uche John Chukwu<\/strong><\/span>\r\nPure and Industrial Chemistry Department, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] S. S. Al-Shahrani, \u201cTreatment of wastewater contaminated with cobalt using Saudi activated bentonite,\u201d Alexandria Eng. J., pp. 1\u20138, 2015, doi: 10.1016\/j.aej.2013.10.006.\r\n[2] S. Tizro and H. Baseri, \u201carticle original Removal of Cobalt Ions from Contaminated Water Using Magnetite Based Nanocomposites\u202f: Effects of Various Parameters on the Removal Efficiency,\u201d J. Water Environ. Nanotechnol, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 174\u2013185, 2017, doi: 10.22090\/jwent.2017.03.005.\r\n[3] L. Laura, V. Bart, V. D. S. Catherine, and W. Floris, \u201cCobalt toxicity in humans. A review of the potential sources and systemic health effects,\u201d Toxicology, vol. 387, pp. 43\u201356, 2017, doi: 10.1016\/j.tox.2017.05.015.\r\n[4] K. Ahmad, I. A. Bhatti, M. Muneer, M. Iqbal, and Z. Iqbal, \u201cRemoval of heavy metals ( Zn , Cr , Pb , Cd , Cu and Fe ) in aqueous media by calcium carbonate as an adsorbent,\u201d nternational J. Chem. Biochem. Sci., vol. 2, pp. 48\u201353, 2012.\r\n[5] Hala Ahmed Hegaz, \u201cRemoval of heavy metals from wastewater using agricultural and industrial wastes as adsorbents,\u201d Sci. Direct, pp. 1\u201316, 2017.\r\n[6] F. Fu and Q. Wang, \u201cRemoval of heavy metal ions from wastewaters\u202f: A review,\u201d J. Environ. Manage., vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 407\u2013418, 2011, doi: 10.1016\/j.jenvman.2010.11.011.\r\n[7] B. W. Waweru, I. W. Mwangi, J. Murungi, R. N. Wanjau, and R. Manohah, \u201cRemediation of Lead , Cadmium and Copper Polluted Waters by Onion Skins ( Allium Cepa ),\u201d vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 932\u2013943, 2016.\r\n[8] A. K. Dwivedi, D. Pratap, and S. Rajput, \u201cstudies on adsorptive removal of heavy metal ( Cu , Cd ) from aqueous solution by tea waste adsorbent,\u201d J. Ind. Pollut. Control, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 85\u201390, 2014.\r\n[9] S. Jena and R. K. Sahoo, \u201cRemoval of Pb ( II ) from Aqueous Solution Using Fruits Peel as a Low Cost Adsorbent,\u201d Eng. Technol., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1\u20139, 2017.\r\n[10] A. M. Etorki, M. El-rais, and M. T. Mahabbis, \u201cRemoval of Some Heavy Metals from Wastewater by Using of Fava Beans,\u201d Am. J. Anal. Chem., vol. 5, pp. 225\u2013234, 2014.\r\n[11] A. Tripathi and M. R. Ranjan, \u201cBioremediation &amp; Biodegradation Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater Using Low Cost Adsorbents,\u201d Bioremediation Biodegrad., vol. 6, no. 6, 2015, doi: 10.4172\/2155-6199.1000315.\r\n[12] O. E. Oyeneyin, \u201cJournal of Recent Research and Applied Studies,\u201d J. Recent Res. Appl. Stud., pp. 1\u20137, 2019.\r\n[13] Y. Abboud et al., \u201cA novel azo dye, 8-quinolinol-5-azoantipyrine as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic media,\u201d Desalination, vol. 237, no. 1\u20133, pp. 175\u2013189, 2009, doi: 10.1016\/j.desal.2007.12.031.\r\n[14] H. Shokry, \u201cMolecular dynamics simulation and quantum chemical calculations for the adsorption of some Azo-azomethine derivatives on mild steel,\u201d J. Mol. Struct., vol. 1060, no. 1, pp. 80\u201387, 2014, doi: 10.1016\/j.molstruc.2013.12.030.\r\n[15] L. H. Madkour, S. Kaya, C. Kaya, and L. Guo, \u201cQuantum chemical calculations, molecular dynamics simulation and experimental studies of using some azo dyes as corrosion inhibitors for iron. Part 1: Mono-azo dye derivatives,\u201d J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., vol. 68, pp. 461\u2013480, 2016, doi: 10.1016\/j.jtice.2016.09.015.\r\n[16] A. A. Akaho, U. J. Chukwu, and O. Akaranta, \u201cCu (II)-Red Onion Skin Extract-Azo metal Complex &#8211; A Potential for Oilfield Applications,\u201d Chem. Sci. Int. J., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 1\u20137, 2019, doi: 10.9734\/csji\/2019\/v26i230086.\r\n[17] G. Manizabayo, U. J. Chukwu, and O. J. Abayeh, \u201cExtraction of \u2018Quercetin-Rich\u2019 Red Onion Skin with Acetone and Chemical Modification using Aromatic Diazonium Salts,\u201d Makara J. Sci., vol. 23, no. 2, 2019, doi: 10.7454\/mss.v23i2.11045.\r\n[18] K. M. El Moselhy, M. A. Azzem, A. Amer, and A. E. Al Prol, \u201cAdsorption of Cu ( II ) and Cd ( II ) from Aqueous Solution by Using Rice Husk Adsorbent,\u201d vol. 12, no. Ii, pp. 1\u201313, 2017.\r\n[19] I. Nhapi, N. Banadda, R. Murenzi, C. B. Sekomo, and U. G. Wali, \u201cRemoval of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater Using Rice Husks,\u201d pp. 170\u2013180, 2011.\r\n[20] M. Cheraghi, S. Sobhanardakani, R. Zandipak, and B. Lorestani, \u201cRemoval of Pb ( II ) from Aqueous Solutions Using Waste Tea Leaves,\u201d vol. 9, no. 28, 2015.\r\n[21] S. Ayub and F. Changani, \u201cAdsorpton process for wastewater treatment by coconut shell,\u201d Int. J. Civil, Struct. Environ. Infrastracture Eng., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 21\u201334, 2014.\r\n[22] M. Lamsayah, M. Khoutoul, A. Takfaoui, and R. Touzani, \u201cHigh liquid \u2013 liquid extraction selectivity of Fe ( II ) and Pb ( II ) with TD-DFT theoretical calculations of long chain acid pyrazole- and triazole-based ligands High liquid \u2013 liquid extraction selectivity of Fe ( II ) and,\u201d Cogent Chem., vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 1\u201316, 2016, doi: 10.1080\/23312009.2016.1230359.\r\n[23] A. Kaushal and S. Sk, \u201cAdsorption Phenomenon and Its Application in Removal of Lead from Waste Water\u202f: A Review,\u201d Int. J. Hydrol., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1\u201311, 2017, doi: 10.15406\/ijh.2017.01.000\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Gervais Manizabayo, Aimable Niyomugabo, Dr. Uche John Chukwu, &#8220;Synthesis and Application of Eco-Friendlyred Onion Skins Azo Dyes for the Removal of Cobalt from Aqueous Media&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.43-46 July 2021\u00a0 DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6702<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/43-46.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/synthesis-and-application-of-eco-friendlyred-onion-skins-azo-dyes-for-the-removal-of-cobalt-from-aqueous-media\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Synthesis and Application of Eco-Friendlyred Onion Skins Azo Dyes for the Removal of Cobalt from Aqueous Media<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60114a1 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget 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data-id=\"6011a6f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6011c69\" data-id=\"6011c69\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6011df1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6011df1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6011ecd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6011ecd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60120b3\" data-id=\"60120b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601222e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601222e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6014eae elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6014eae\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6015141\" data-id=\"6015141\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60152f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60152f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60153e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60153e1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601560f\" data-id=\"601560f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60157ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60157ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Determination of the thermal conductivity of some selected roof ceiling materials in Taraba State, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Ejeh Samson E., D. Yabwa , Abuh Samuel O, Yakubu Hassan Koji &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 47-54<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6015880 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6015880\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6015a86\" data-id=\"6015a86\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6015c2c elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6015c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In our homes, indoor thermal discomfort has been very challenging and it depends on one or more of the materials used either as ceiling board rock used as walling materials; woods used in making doors and wood sample used in making roofing supports the roofing sheet itself or combination of all of them. Observation in the present competitive world reveals that people that are economically favored usually go for the costliest ceiling materials without preference to the thermal conductivity of the most sought after ceiling materials. It is based on this premise that this work designed to determine the thermal conductivity of the most frequently used ceiling materials and to predict the most suitable ceiling materials to be used especially in tropical regions. This research work encompasses the variation of thermal conductivity (with different types) of roofing ceiling. The Lee disc method will be used to determine the thermal conductivity of Plaster of Paris (POP), Polyvinylchloride (PVC) and Aesthetic timber wood. This project shall provide guide for the choice of the types of roof ceiling materials to be used in tropical regions and the rate at which they conduct heat.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 47-54\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 21 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<strong> DOI : <a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6703\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6703<\/a><\/strong>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ejeh Samson E. <\/strong><\/span>\r\nAmerican University of Nigeria Yola, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>D. Yabwa <\/strong><\/span>\r\nAmerican University of Nigeria Yola, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abuh Samuel O <\/strong><\/span>\r\nAmerican University of Nigeria Yola, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Yakubu Hassan Koji <\/strong><\/span>\r\nAmerican University of Nigeria Yola, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Ayugi, G. (2009). \u201cThermal properties of selected Materials for Thermal Insulation available in Uganda\u201dB.Sc. Thesis Dept. of Physics. MakerereUniversity.\r\n[2] Etuk, S. E., Akpabio, L. E., &amp;.Akpabio, K. E.(2005) \u201cDetermination of the Thermal properties of CocosNucifera Trunk for Predicting Temperature variation with its Thickness,\u201d The Arabian Journal and Engineering, vol. 30, 1A,pp, 121-126.\r\n[3] Folaranmi Joshua (2009). Effects of additives on the thermal conductivity of clay. Leornado journal of science ISSN 1583-0233 P 74-77\r\n[4] Gesa, F. Newton, Atser A. Roy &amp;Aondoakaa, I. Solomon. (2014). \u201cInvestigation of the Thermal Insulation Properties of Selected Ceiling. Materials used in Makurdi Metropolis (Benue State, Nigeria),\u201d American Journal of Engineering Research.Vol. 3, pp. 245-250\r\n[5] Hailemariam .H and Wuttke F. (2019) Effects of the stress on the thermal conductivity of soils\r\n[6] European conference on soil and geotechnical engineeringISBN 9789935-9436-1-3\r\n[7] Lattimer, B. Y.&amp; J. Ouellette,(2006) \u201cProperties of Composite Materials for thermal Analysis Involving Fires,\u201d Composites: Part A, Vol. 37, No. 7, 2006, pp. 1068-1081\r\n[8] Michael, C. O., Evelyn, O., Ephraim, O. C., Chinedu, E. E. &amp;Arusuedfe, J. O. (2012). Comparison of the Thermal Properties of Asbestos and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Ceiling Sheets. Materials Sciences and Vol. 3, pp. 240-244\r\n[9] Michels.C.Lamberts,R.&amp;SGuths,(2008)\u201cTheoretical\/Experimental, Comparison of Heat Flux Reduction in Roofs Achieved through the Use of Reflective Thermal Insulators,\u201d Energy and Buildings, Vol. 40, No. 4, 2008, pp. 438- 444.\r\n[10] Ombaka Ochieng (2016). Characterization and classification of clay minerals for potential applications in Rugi ward,Kenya. African journal of environmental science and technology\r\n[11] Sam Sheard; (2012). Material handbook on thermal conductivity values. CRC Press. pp. 304\r\n[12] Suman, B. M.&amp; R. K. Srivastava. (2009). Influence of Thermal Insulation on Conductive Heat Transfer through Roof Ceiling Construction.Journal of Scientific &amp; Industrial Research, Vol. 68, pp. 248-251.\r\n[13] Sundbergay, Louis (1985). Determination of Thermal properties of Cocos Trunk Variation with its Thickness. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Vol.30, N0. 1A.\r\n[14] Utas frank (2015). \u201cThermal Insulation Handbook\u201d, New York: Published by McGray-Hill Book Company. The Exact Analytical Conduction Toolbox contains a variety of transient\r\n[15] expressions for heat conduction, along with algorithms and computer code for obtaining precise numerical values.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Ejeh Samson E., D. Yabwa , Abuh Samuel O, Yakubu Hassan Koji, &#8220;Determination of the thermal conductivity of some selected roof ceiling materials in Taraba State, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.47-54 July 2021\u00a0 DOI: https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6703<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/47-54.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/determination-of-the-thermal-conductivity-of-some-selected-roof-ceiling-materials-in-taraba-state-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Determination of the thermal conductivity of some selected roof ceiling materials in Taraba State, Nigeria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6017009 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6017009\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601714b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601714b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6017369\" data-id=\"6017369\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6017512 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6017512\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60175e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60175e1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60177c5\" data-id=\"60177c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6019fcb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6019fcb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601a0f3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601a0f3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601a32b\" data-id=\"601a32b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601a4f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601a4f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601a5cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601a5cb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601a7fe\" data-id=\"601a7fe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601a989 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601a989\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601aa55 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601aa55\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601ac6b\" data-id=\"601ac6b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601adf0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601adf0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>On the Diophantine Equation (5<sup>n<\/sup>)<sup>x<\/sup>+(4<sup>m<\/sup> p+1)<sup>y<\/sup>=z<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Vipawadee Moonchaisook, Watakarn Moonchaisook and Khattiya Moonchaisook &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 55-58<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601aec3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601aec3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601b0c4\" data-id=\"601b0c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601b256 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"601b256\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In this paper, we proved that the Diophantine equation (5<sup>n<\/sup>)<sup>x<\/sup>+(4<sup>m<\/sup> p+1)<sup>y<\/sup>=z<sup>2<\/sup> has no solution in non-negative integers x, y, z where p is an odd prime and m, n is a natural number. .<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 55-58\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<strong> DOI : <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6704\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6704<\/a><\/strong>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Vipawadee Moonchaisook<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology, Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 3200, Thailand.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Watakarn Moonchaisook<\/strong><\/span>\r\nComputer Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin campus, Surin 32000, Thailand.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Khattiya Moonchaisook<\/strong><\/span>\r\nScience and Mathematics, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin campus, Surin 32000, Thailand.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Aggarwal, S., Sharma, S.D. and Singhal, H., (2020) On the Diophantine equation \u3016223\u3017^x+\u3016241\u3017^y=z^2, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 5 (8), 155-156.\r\n[2] Aggarwal, S., (2021) On the exponential Diophantine equation (2^(2m+1)-1)+\u301613\u3017^n =z^2.Eng. Appl. Sci. Lett., 4(1), 77-79\r\n[3] Asthana, S., and Singh, M. M. (2017). On the Diophantine equation 3^x+\u301613\u3017^y=z^2.\r\n[4] International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 114, 301 &#8211; 304.\r\n[5] Aggarwal, S. and Sharma, N., (2020) On the non-linear Diophantine equation \u3016379\u3017^x+\u3016397\u3017^y=z^2, Open Journal of mathematical Sciences, 4(1), 397-399.\r\n[6] Aggarwal, S., Sharma, S.D. and Vyas, A., (2020). On the existence of solution of Diophantine equation \u3016181\u3017^x+\u3016199\u3017^y=z^2, International of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management&amp; Applied Science, 9(8), 85-86.\r\n[7] Aggarwal, S. and Kumar, S., (2021) On the exponential Diophantine equation \u3016 (19\u3017^2m)+(12\u03b3+1)^n=\u03c1^2, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 5(3), 14-16.\r\n[8] Bhatnagar, K. and Aggarwal, S., (2020) On the exponential Diophantine equation \u3016421\u3017^p+\u3016439\u3017^q=\u3016r,\u3017^2 International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, 14(4), 128-129.\r\n[9] Burshtein, N., (2018) On Solutions to the Diophantine Equation M^x+(M+6)^y=z^2 when M = 6N + 5, Annals of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 18 (2), 193\u2013 200.\r\n[10] Goel, P., Bhatnagar, K. and Aggarwal, S., (2020) On the exponential Diophantine equation M_5^p+M_7^q=\u03b3^2, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, 14(4), 78-79.\r\n[11] Kumar, S., Gupta, S., &amp; Kishan, H. (2018) On the non-linear Diophantine equations \u301661\u3017^x+\u301667\u3017^y=z^2and \u301667\u3017^x+\u301673\u3017^y=z^2. Annals of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 18(1), 91-94.\r\n[12] Kumar, S., Gupta, D. and Kishan, H., (2018) On the non-linear Diophantine equations \u301631\u3017^x+\u301641\u3017^y=z^2 and \u301661\u3017^x+\u301671\u3017^y=z^2. Annals of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 18(2), 185-188.\r\n[13] Kumar, S., Bhatnagar, K., Kumar, N. and Aggarwal, S., (2020) On the exponential Diophantine equation (7^2m )+(6r+1)^n=z^2, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, 14(4), 181-182.\r\n[14] Kumar, S., Bhatnagar, K., Kumar, A. and Aggarwal, S., (2020) On the exponential Diophantine equation (2^(2m+1)-1)+(6^(r+1)+1)^n=\u03c9^2, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, 14(4), 183-184.\r\n[15] Mishra, R., Aggarwal, S. and Kumar, A., (2020) On the existence of solution of Diophantine equation \u3016211\u3017^\u03b1+\u3016229\u3017^\u03b2=\u03b3^2, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Global Studies, 14(4), 78-79.\r\n[16] Moonchaisook, V., (2021) On the Non-Linear Diophantine Equation p^x+(p+4^n )^y=z^2 where p and p+4^n are primes, Annals of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 23(2), 117-121.\r\n[17] Sroysang, B., (2012) On the Diophantine equation \u301631\u3017^x+\u301632\u3017^y=z^2. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 81(4), 609-612.\r\n[18] Sroysang, B., (2012) On the Diophantine equation 3^x+5^y=z^2. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 81(4), 605-608.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Vipawadee Moonchaisook, Watakarn Moonchaisook and Khattiya Moonchaisook &#8220;On the Diophantine Equation (5<sup>n<\/sup>)<sup>x<\/sup>+(4<sup>m<\/sup> p+1)<sup>y<\/sup>=z<sup>2<\/sup>&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.55-58 July 2021\u00a0 DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6704<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/55-58.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/on-the-diophantine-equation-5n-x4m-p1%e3%80%97yz2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">On the Diophantine Equation (5<sup>n<\/sup>)<sup>x<\/sup>+(4<sup>m<\/sup> p+1)<sup>y<\/sup>=z<sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601c63f elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"601c63f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601c7c6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601c7c6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601c9c7\" data-id=\"601c9c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601cb73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601cb73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601cc42 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601cc42\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601ce1d\" data-id=\"601ce1d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601cfc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601cfc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601d090 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601d090\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601d28d\" data-id=\"601d28d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601d412 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601d412\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601d4d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601d4d8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601d6de\" data-id=\"601d6de\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601d863 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601d863\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Entropy Generation on Thermal Transfer in MHD Natural Convection of Cu \u2013 H<sub>2<\/sub>O Nanofluid in a Porous Medium with Heat Generation\/Absorption<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Achogo, Wisdom Hezekiah, Eleonu, Blessing Chikaodi, Nnoka, Love Cherukei &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 59-69<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601d94e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601d94e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601db85\" data-id=\"601db85\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601dd2c elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"601dd2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The study investigated entropy generation on thermal transfer in MHD natural convection of Cu-H<sub>2<\/sub>O nanofluid in a porous medium with heat generation\/absorption. A set of partial differential equations with copper nanoparticles were used. The partial differential equations were non-dimensioned with various dimensionless quantities in order to obtain forms whose solutions can be easily obtained. The partial differential equations were later transformed into ordination differential equations through a two term perturbation technique which were later solved using method of undetermined coefficient to obtain the exact solutions for the energy and momentum equations. The exact solutions for momentum and energy were later used to estimate the entropy generation. Using the exact solutions; plots were done with the aid of standard parameters to estimate the variational effects of parameters that entered the flow field and from the plots; it was observed that thermal radiation decreased the temperature of the fluid. Heat generation\/absorption parameter increased the temperature of the fluid. The effective thermal conductivity increased the temperature of the fluid. Peclet number decreased the velocity of the fluid. Reynolds number decreased the fluid velocity. Peclet number, Reynolds number and heat generation rapidly increased and decreased the entropy generation at the lower and upper plates respectively.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 59-69\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Achogo, Wisdom Hezekiah<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics\/Statistics, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, P.M.B 5047 Rumuolumeni, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Eleonu, Blessing Chikaodi<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics\/Statistics, Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic Rumuola, P.M.B 5936 Port Harcourt, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nnoka, Love Cherukei<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics\/Statistics, Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic Rumuola, P.M.B 5936 Port Harcourt, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n[1] Aaiza, G.; Khan, I &amp; Shafie, S.(2015). Energy transfer in mixed convection MHD flow of nanofluid containing different shapes of nanoparticles in a channel filled with saturated porous medium. Nanoscale research letters,2(2015), 1-16.\r\n[2] Achogo, W. H.; Adikabu, I. N.; Awortu, I. &amp; Eleonu, B. C.(2020). Soret effect on MHD free convection through a porous inclined channel in the presence of thermal radiation. International journal of research and innovation in applied, 5(7),117-124.\r\n[3] Ajibade, A. O.; Jha, B. K. &amp; Omame, A.(2011). Entropy generation under the effect of suction\/injection. Applied mathematical modeling, 35(2011),4630-4646.\r\n[4] Baag, S.; Mishra, S. R.; Dash, G. C. &amp; Acharya, M. R.(2017). Entropy generation analysis for viscoeleastic MHD flow over a stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium. Ain shams engineering journal, 8(2017), 623-632.\r\n[5] Bejan, A.(1996). Entropy generation minimization, second ed., CRC. Boca Raton.\r\n[6] Buggaramulu J. &amp; Venkata M. K.(2017). MHD convection flow of Kuvshinski fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate with radiation and chemical reaction effects. International journal on recent and innovation trends in computing and communication, 5(9),64-74.\r\n[7] Choi SUS (1995). Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticle, in: D.A. Siginer, H.P. Wang (Eds.), Developments and Applications of Non- Newtonian Flows. ASME FED, 66(1995),99\u2013105.\r\n[8] Das, S. &amp; Jana, R. N.(2013). Entropy generation due to MHD flow in a porous channel with Navier slip, Ain shams engineering journal, 30(2013),30-40.\r\n[9] Khan, S. M.; Karim, I; Ali, E. L. &amp; Islam, A.(2012). Unsteady MHD free convection boundary \u2013 layer flow of a nanofluid along a stretching sheet with thermal radiation and viscous dissipation effects. International nano letters, 2(2012), 1-9.\r\n[10] Latiff, N. A.; Uddin, M. J. &amp; Ismail, A. I.(2016). Stefan blowing effect on bioconvective flow of nanofluid over a solid rotating stretchable disk. Propulsion and power research, 5(4), 267-278.\r\n[11] Makinde, D. O. &amp; Eegunjobi, A.(2013). Entropy generation in a couple stress fluid flow through a vertical channel filled with saturated porous media. Entropy, 15(2013), 4589-4606.\r\n[12] Malvandi, A.; Ganji, D. D.; Hedayati, F &amp; Rad, Y. E.(2013). An analytical study on entropy generation of nanofluids over a flat plate. Alexandria engineering journal, 52(2013), 595-604.\r\n[13] Murugesan, T. &amp; Kumar, D. M.(2019). Viscous dissipation and joule heating effects on MHD flow of a thermo-solutal stratified nanofluid over an exponentially stretching sheet with radiation and heat generation\/absorption. World schientific news, 129(2019),193-210.\r\n[14] Naik, M. T. &amp; Sundar, L. S. (2011). Investigation into thermophysical properties of glycol based CuO nanofluid for heat transfer applications. World AcadScience Engineer Technology, 59(2011),,440\u2013446.\r\n[15] Reddy M. G. &amp; Reddy N. B.(2011). Mass transfer and heat generation effects on MHD free convection flow past an inclined vertical surface in a porous medium. Journal of applied fluid mechanics, 4(2), 7-11.\r\n[16] Sharma R. &amp; Isahk, A.(2014). Second order slip flow of Cu-Water nanofluid over a stretching sheet with heat transfer. WSEAS transactions on fluid mechanics, 9(2014), 26-33.\r\n[17] Shateyi, S.; Motsa, S. S. &amp; Makukula, Z.(2015). On spectral relaxation method for entropy generation on MHD flow and heat transfer of a Maxwell fluid. Journal of applied fluid mechanics, 8(1), 21-31.\r\n[18] Srinivasacharya, D. &amp; Bindu H. K.(2015). Entropy generation in a micropolar fluid flow through an inclined channel. Alexandria engineering journal, 55(2016), 973-982.\r\n[19] Vajjha, R.S. &amp; Das, D.K. (2009). Experimental determination of thermal conductivity of three nanofluids and development of new correlations. International journal of heat and mass transfer,, 52(2009), 4675-\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Achogo, Wisdom Hezekiah, Eleonu, Blessing Chikaodi, Nnoka, Love Cherukei &#8220;Entropy Generation on Thermal Transfer in MHD Natural Convection of Cu \u2013 H<sub>2<\/sub>O Nanofluid in a Porous Medium with Heat Generation\/Absorption&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.59-69 July 2021\u00a0 URL : https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/59-69.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/59-69.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/entropy-generation-on-thermal-transfer-in-mhd-natural-convection-of-cu-h2o-nanofluid-in-a-porous-medium-with-heat-generation-absorption\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Entropy Generation on Thermal Transfer in MHD Natural Convection of Cu \u2013 H<sub>2<\/sub>O Nanofluid in a Porous Medium with Heat Generation\/Absorption<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601f10b elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"601f10b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601f2c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601f2c5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601f4d3\" data-id=\"601f4d3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601f676 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601f676\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601f746 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601f746\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601f91b\" data-id=\"601f91b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601faaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601faaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601fb70 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601fb70\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-601fd76\" data-id=\"601fd76\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-601fef5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"601fef5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-601ffba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"601ffba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6020212\" data-id=\"6020212\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60203a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60203a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>An Effective Deep Learning Approach Based On CNN to Predict COVID-19 Rapidly Using Chest Images<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Ranjit Kumar Shing, Sohel Rana, Md. Rakibul Basher, Md. Sazzad Hossain, Md. Hasibul Hasnat, Faisal Ahahmmad &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 70-75<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602046d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602046d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6020673\" data-id=\"6020673\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6020817 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6020817\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In December 2019 the novel coronavirus which first appeared in Wuhan City of China spread rapidly around the world and became a pandemic. It has caused a devastating effect on daily lives, public health, and the global economy. As soon as possible we have to detect the affected patient and quickly treat them. There are no accurate automated toolkits available so the need for auxiliary diagnostic tools has increased. Modern outcomes attained using radiology imaging systems recommend that such images have salient evidence about the COVID-19 virus. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the most common test technique currently used for COVID-19 diagnosis that is too much time-consuming. Using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques associated with radiological imaging can be helpful for the accurate detection of this disease and can also be assistive to overcome the problem of an absence of specialized doctors in remote communities. In this paper, a new model based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that automatically detects COVID-19 using chest images is presented. The proposed model is designed to provide accurate diagnostics for binary classification. A computer vision is rapidly relieved day by day. During our study, we observed that most of the affected people have no common symptoms before checkup COVID-19. If the detection results are incorrect, the patient will not be able to understand that he or she has Covid-19. The proposed model is evaluated by Python libraries namely TensorFlow and Keras. In the proposed model, we got 95% accuracy as well as the detection of COVID-19 is fast.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 70-75\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 25 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<strong> DOI : <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6705\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6705<\/a><\/strong>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ranjit Kumar Shing <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sohel Rana <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Md. Rakibul Basher <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Md. Sazzad Hossain <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Md. Hasibul Hasnat <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Faisal Ahahmmad <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] X. Wei, Y. Chen and Z. Zhang, &#8220;Comparative Experiment of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Models Based on Pneumonia X-ray Images Detection,&#8221; 2020 2nd International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data and Business Intelligence (MLBDBI), Taiyuan, China, 2020, pp. 449-454, doi: 10.1109\/MLBDBI51377.2020.00095.\r\n[2] B. K. Umri, M. Wafa Akhyari and K. Kusrini, &#8220;Detection of Covid-19 in Chest X-ray Image using CLAHE and Convolutional Neural Network,&#8221; 2020 2nd International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS), Manado, Indonesia, 2020, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109\/ICORIS50180.2020.9320806.\r\n[3] S. Deep Deb and R. Kumar Jha, &#8220;COVID-19 detection from chest X-Ray images using ensemble of CNN models,&#8221; 2020 International Conference on Power, Instrumentation, Control and Computing (PICC), Thrissur, India, 2020, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109\/PICC51425.2020.9362499.\r\n[4] B. Jabber, J. Lingampalli, C. Z. Basha and A. Krishna, &#8220;Detection of Covid-19 Patients using Chest X-ray images with Convolution Neural Network and Mobile Net,&#8221; 2020 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS), Thoothukudi, India, 2020, pp. 1032-1035, doi: 10.1109\/ICISS49785.2020.9316100.\r\n[5] A. A. w. A. Musleh and A. Y. Maghari, &#8220;COVID-19 Detection in X-ray Images using CNN Algorithm,&#8221; 2020 International Conference on Promising Electronic Technologies (ICPET), Jerusalem, Palestine, 2020, pp. 5-9, doi: 10.1109\/ICPET51420.2020.00010.\r\n[6] A. M. Fangoh and S. Selim, &#8220;Using CNN-XGBoost Deep Networks for COVID-19 Detection in Chest X-ray Images,&#8221; 2020 15th International Conference on Computer Engineering and Systems (ICCES), Cairo, Egypt, 2020, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109\/ICCES51560.2020.9334600.\r\n[7] N. Rashid, M. A. Faisal Hossain, M. Ali, M. I. Sukanya, T. Mahmud and S. A. Fattah, &#8220;Transfer Learning Based Method for COVID-19 Detection From Chest X-ray Images,&#8221; 2020 IEEE REGION 10 CONFERENCE (TENCON), Osaka, Japan, 2020, pp. 585-590, doi: 10.1109\/TENCON50793.2020.9293850.\r\n[8] Y. Khan, P. Khan, S. Kumar, J. Singh and R. M. Hegde, &#8220;Detection and Spread Prediction of COVID-19 from Chest X-ray Images using Convolutional Neural Network-Gaussian Mixture Model,&#8221; 2020 IEEE 17th India Council International Conference (INDICON), New Delhi, India, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109\/INDICON49873.2020.9342159.\r\n[9] E. Irmak, &#8220;A Novel Deep Convolutional Neural Network Model for COVID-19 Disease Detection,&#8221; 2020 Medical Technologies Congress (TIPTEKNO), Antalya, Turkey, 2020, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109\/TIPTEKNO50054.2020.9299286.\r\n[10] S. Tewari, U. Agrawal, S. Verma, S. Kumar and S. Jeevaraj, &#8220;Ensemble Model for COVID-19 detection from chest X-ray Scans using Image Segmentation, Fuzzy Color and Stacking Approaches,&#8221; 2020 IEEE 4th Conference on Information &amp; Communication Technology (CICT), Chennai, India, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109\/CICT51604.2020.9312076.\r\n[11] T. Karlita, E. M. Yuniarno, I. K. E. Purnama and M. H. Purnomo, &#8220;Detection of COVID-19 on Chest X-Ray Images using Inverted Residuals Structure-Based Convolutional Neural Networks,&#8221; 2020 3rd International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT), Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2020, pp. 371-376, doi: 10.1109\/ICOIACT50329.2020.9332153.\r\n[12] S. Sakib, T. Tazrin, M. M. Fouda, Z. M. Fadlullah and M. Guizani, &#8220;DL-CRC: Deep Learning-Based Chest Radiograph Classification for COVID-19 Detection: A Novel Approach,&#8221; in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 171575-171589, 2020, doi: 10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3025010.\r\n[13] Y. Yari, T. V. Nguyen and H. Nguyen, &#8220;Accuracy Improvement in Detection of COVID-19 in Chest Radiography,&#8221; 2020 14th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS), Adelaide, SA, Australia, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109\/ICSPCS50536.2020.9310066.\r\n[14] R. Bhadra and S. Kar, &#8220;Covid Detection from CXR Scans using Deep Multi-layered CNN,&#8221; 2020 IEEE Bombay Section Signature Conference (IBSSC), Mumbai, India, 2020, pp. 214-218, doi: 10.1109\/IBSSC51096.2020.9332210.\r\n[15] D. Haritha, M. K. Pranathi and M. Reethika, &#8220;COVID Detection from Chest X-rays with DeepLearning: CheXNet,&#8221; 2020 5th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Security (ICCCS), Patna, India, 2020, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109\/ICCCS49678.2020.9277077.\r\n[16] A. Waheed, M. Goyal, D. Gupta, A. Khanna, F. Al-Turjman and P. R. Pinheiro, &#8220;CovidGAN: Data Augmentation Using Auxiliary Classifier GAN for Improved Covid-19 Detection,&#8221; in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 91916-91923, 2020, doi: 10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2994762.\r\n[17] M. K. Nath, A. Kanhe and M. Mishra, &#8220;A Novel Deep Learning Approach for Classification of COVID-19 Images,&#8221; 2020 IEEE 5th International Conference on Computing Communication and Automation (ICCCA), Greater Noida, India, 2020, pp. 752-757, doi: 10.1109\/ICCCA49541.2020.9250907.\r\n[18] I. Mporas and P. Naronglerdrit, &#8220;COVID-19 Identification from Chest X-Rays,&#8221; 2020 International Conference on Biomedical Innovations and Applications (BIA), Varna, Bulgaria, 2020, pp. 69-72, doi: 10.1109\/BIA50171.2020.9244509.\r\n[19] E. -S. M. El-Kenawy et al., &#8220;Advanced Meta-Heuristics, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Feature Selectors for Efficient COVID-19 X-Ray Chest Image Classification,&#8221; in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 36019-36037, 2021, doi: 10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3061058.\r\n[20] M. M. R. Khan et al., &#8220;Automatic Detection of COVID-19 Disease in Chest X-Ray Images using Deep Neural Networks,&#8221; 2020 IEEE 8th R10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC), Kuching, Malaysia, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109\/R10-HTC49770.2020.9357034.\r\n[21] O. Saha, J. Tasnim, M. T. Raihan, T. Mahmud, I. Ahmmed and S. A. Fattah, &#8220;A Multi-Model Based Ensembling Approach to Detect COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray Images,&#8221; 2020 IEEE REGION 10 CONFERENCE (TENCON), Osaka, Japan, 2020, pp. 591-595, doi: 10.1109\/TENCON50793.2020.9293802.\r\n[22] S. V. Militante, N. V. Dionisio and B. G. Sibbaluca, &#8220;Pneumonia and COVID-19 Detection using Convolutional Neural Networks,&#8221; 2020 Third International Conference on Vocational Education and Electrical Engineering (ICVEE), Surabaya, Indonesia, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109\/ICVEE50212.2020.9243290.\r\n[23] U. Singh, A. Totla and D. P. Kumar, &#8220;Deep Learning Model to Predict Pneumonia Disease based on Observed Patterns in Lung X-rays,&#8221; 2020 4th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA), Coimbatore, India, 2020, pp. 1315-1320, doi: 10.1109\/ICECA49313.2020.9297388.\r\n[24] I. Ahmed, A. Ahmad and G. Jeon, &#8220;An IoT based deep learning framework for early assessment of Covid-19,&#8221; in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, doi: 10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3034074.\r\n[25] Sohel Rana, Wadud, Ali Azgar, Dr. M Abul Kashem, &#8220;A Survey Paper of Lightweight Block Ciphers Based on Their Different Design Architectures and Performance Metrics&#8221; International Journal of Computer Engineering and Information Technology, June 2019, Volume 11, Issue 6.\r\n[26] Sohel Rana, M. Rubaiyat Hossain Mondal and A. H. M. Shahariar Parvez, \u201cA New Key Generation Technique based on Neural Networks for Lightweight Block Ciphers\u201d International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 12(6), 2021.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Ranjit Kumar Shing, Sohel Rana, Md. Rakibul Basher, Md. Sazzad Hossain, Md. Hasibul Hasnat, Faisal Ahahmmad, &#8220;An Effective Deep Learning Approach Based On CNN to Predict COVID-19 Rapidly Using Chest Images&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.70-75 July 2021\u00a0 DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6705<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/70-75.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/an-effective-deep-learning-approach-based-on-cnn-to-predict-covid-19-rapidly-using-chest-images\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">An Effective Deep Learning Approach Based On CNN to Predict COVID-19 Rapidly Using Chest Images<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6021b62 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6021b62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60224fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60224fe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60226c9\" data-id=\"60226c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602285b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602285b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6022921 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6022921\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6022ae5\" data-id=\"6022ae5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6022ca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6022ca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6022d78 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6022d78\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6022f5d\" data-id=\"6022f5d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602312c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602312c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>A suggestive evaluation and review on the synergy of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Immune response towards Covid-19<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Abba Mohammed, M.I. Shago, G. Suleiman and M.U. Nasir &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 76-82<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6023206 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6023206\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602341c\" data-id=\"602341c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60235c8 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"60235c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Globally, a \u201cpause mode\u201d to several activities has choicelessly been opted \u201con\u201d to some extent as Covid-19 has bedeviled the life of humanity since December 2019. As a result, economical, educational, sociological and lots of fundamental paradigms were all inaccessible. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE 2) paving a way to the incorporation of the SARS-CoV-2 by receptor mediation into the cells has to be scientifically focused towards an inoculative approach to synergically scotch the aiding capacity as well, within all the complications. The inoculation is dared to further boost the immunological responses towards the immunopathological fight against the slipped virus if at all the CoV-2 adversely escaped to adapt on the receptors of the ACE 2. However, all these is as a result so far that the natural innate and the adaptive immune systems are finding it quite tough to hastily invade the pathogens and defend the human body system against the Covid-19 in some patients. Meanwhile, ingesting food of high great value of supplements in upshooting immune system as well as ensuring physical fitness and environmental hygiene are paramount to adherence in this trying moments and indeed all the time, as the world is looking forward to unveiling the veritable vaccine and outright therapeutics against the Corona virus. \r\n<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 76-82\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 27 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<strong> DOI : <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6706\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6706<\/a><\/strong>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abba Mohammed  <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>M.I. Shago <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>G. Suleiman <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>M.U. Nasir <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]\tBullock, G.R., Steyaert, I., Bilbe, G., Carey, R.M., Kips, J., De Paepe, J.B., Pauwels, R., Praet, M., Siragy, H.M., de Gasparo, M., 2001. Distribution of type-1 and type-2 angiotensin receptors in the normal human lung and in lungs from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Histochem. Cell Biol. 115 (2), 117\u2013124.\r\n[2]\tChan, J.F.W., Lau S.K.P., To, K.K.W., Cheng, V.C.C., Woo, P.C.Y., Yuen K-Y, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.28,465\u2013522 (2015).\r\n[3]\tChan JF, Kok KH, Zhu Z, Chu H, To KK, Yuan S, Yuen KY. Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Jan 28;9(1):221-236. doi: 10.1080\/22221751.2020.1719902. Erratum in: Emerg Microbes Infect. (2020) \r\n[4]\tChaussabel D, Pascual V, Banchereau J. Assessing the human immune system through blood transcriptomics. BMC Biol 2010;8:84\r\n[5]\tCorman, V. M., Lienau, J. &#038; Witzenrath, M. Coronaviruses as the cause of respiratory infections. Internist 60, 1136\u20131145 (2019).\r\n[6]\tDe Gasparo, M., Catt, K.J., Inagami, T., Wright, J.W., Unger, T., 2000. International union of pharmacology. 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International journal of oral science, 12(1), 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41368-020-0074-x\r\n[41]\tXu, Z., Shi, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Huang, L., Zhang, C., Liu, S., Zhao, P., Liu, H., Zhu, L., Tai, Y., Bai, C., Gao, T., Song, J., Xia, P., Dong, J., Zhao, J., &#038; Wang, F. S. (2020). Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 8(4), 420\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30076-X\r\n[42]\tZhang, B., Zhou, X., Zhu, C., Song, Y., Feng, F., Qiu, Y., Feng, J., Jia, Q., Song, Q., Zhu, B., &#038; Wang, J. (2020). Immune Phenotyping Based on the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and IgG Level Predicts Disease Severity and Outcome for Patients With COVID-19. Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 7, 157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00157\r\n[43]\tZhang, H., Penninger, J.M., Li, Y., Zhong, N., Slutsky, A.S., 2020. Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target. Intensive Care Med. 46, 586\u2013590.\r\n[44]\tZhou, L., Liu, K. &#038; Liu, H. G. Cause analysis and treatment strategies of recurrence&#8217; with novel coronavirus pneumonia (covid-19) patients after discharge from hospital. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi Zhonghua Jiehe He Huxi Zazhi Chin. J. Tuberc. Respir. Dis. 43, E028 (2020).\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Abba Mohammed, M.I. Shago, G. Suleiman and M.U. Nasir, &#8220;A suggestive evaluation and review on the synergy of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Immune response towards Covid-19&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.76-82 July 2021\u00a0 DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6706<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/76-82.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/a-suggestive-evaluation-and-review-on-the-synergy-of-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system-raas-and-immune-response-towards-covid-19\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A suggestive evaluation and review on the synergy of Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Immune response towards Covid-19<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602493b elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"602493b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6024a59 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6024a59\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6024c56\" data-id=\"6024c56\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6024ddc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6024ddc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6024ea1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6024ea1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602507e\" data-id=\"602507e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60251fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60251fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60252c0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60252c0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60254b3\" data-id=\"60254b3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6025645 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6025645\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602576d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602576d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6025953\" data-id=\"6025953\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6025acb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6025acb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6025ba8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6025ba8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6025dc1\" data-id=\"6025dc1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6025f68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6025f68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Evaluation of the Physicofunctional, Proximate Composition, and Sensory Properties of Bread Produced from Blends of Wheat, Tuber Crop and Melon Seed Flours<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>AGBARA Gervase Ikechukwu and SA\u2019AD Abdulmumim Fadilah &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 83-91<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6026038 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6026038\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602624a\" data-id=\"602624a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6026423 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6026423\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The study focused on production of breads from blends of wheat and tuber flours fortified with melon seed meal (MSM). Fresh roots of Cassava (C), Sweet (S) Potato, Irish (I) Potatoes were peeled, ground, dewatered, dried and milled to obtain the respective flours. Dehulled, cleaned melon seeds were air-dried, ground and one part defatted with aqueous ethanol to obtain defatted (D) melon seed meal and the remaining full (F) fat melon seed meal (MSM). Tuber flours (25%) were individually blended with wheat (W) flour (65%) and fortified with either 10% full fat(F) or defatted(D) MSM. The nine code-named samples were: WCF (65:25:10), WCD (65:25:10), WIF (65:25:10), WID (65:25:10), WSF (65:5:10), WSD (65:25:10), W (100:0:0), WF (90:10) and WD (90:10). Blends were used to produce bread; both the breads and blends were evaluated for proximate composition, physical and sensory properties. Sieve analysis revealed that cassava flour had the highest retention on >0.71>1mm sieves, wheat flour on >0.30> 0.50mm sieves and Irish potato on <0.25mm. Water absorption capacities (224-256%) of the blends were high and significantly different (p<0.05). The moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fibre and carbohydrate contents of the blends varied significantly (p<0.05) from 6.31-8.91%, 1.51-2.00%, 6.86-12.09%, 1.91-12.58%, 2.65-6.78% and 65.73-74.92%. The composite flour breads had greater fibre (1.88-2.43%), moisture (25.39-30.63%), ash (1.61-1.85%), protein (12.72-17.77%), fat (5.22-8.31%) than the wheat bread. Bread treated with defatted MSM had smaller volume and specific volume and wheat bread the highest. Overall acceptability of all the breads was high but wheat bread and wheat bread fortified with 10% MSM had the best ratings and Irish potato bread the least. The study concluded that acceptable bread with enhanced nutrient profile and sensory properties are achievable with blends of 25% cassava or sweet potato flour and 65% wheat flour fortified with 10% melon seed meal although bread specific volumes were negatively affected volume.  <\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 83-91\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 27 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> AGBARA Gervase Ikechukwu <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069 Borno State, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> SA\u2019AD Abdulmumim Fadilah <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069 Borno State, Nigeria\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]\tMoneera Othman Aljobair.(2017). 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Food Resources International, 40(2), 280-290.\r\n[47]\tMohammed I, Abdelrahman A and Senge B (2012) Dough rheology and bread quality of wheat-chickpea flour blends. Industrial Crops and Products, 36(1):196-202, DOI: 10.1016\/J.indcrop.2011.09.006.\r\n[48]\tXing Q, Kyriakopulou K, Zang L, Boom RM, Schutyser MAI (2021) Protein fortification of wheat bread using dry fractionated chickpea protein-enriched fraction or its soughdough lwt-food Science and Technology, Lwt 142(2021) 110931, https:\/\/doi. org\/1016\/j.lwt .2021.110931.\r\n[49]\tNaveed Amand, Salim-Ur-Rehman, Mohammed Asim Shabbir, Dr Abdallah, Mohammed Asif Shehzad, Zia-ud-Din, Thomas H. Roberts.(2018) Enrichment of durum wheat semolina with detoxified matri(Lathyrus sativus) flour to improve the nutritional properties of pasta. Journal of Food Science and Technology-Mysore 55(6):2114-2121\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">AGBARA Gervase Ikechukwu and SA\u2019AD Abdulmumim Fadilah &#8220;Evaluation of the Physicofunctional, Proximate Composition, and Sensory Properties of Bread Produced from Blends of Wheat, Tuber Crop and Melon Seed Flours&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.83-91 July 2021\u00a0 URL : https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/83-91.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/83-91.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/evaluation-of-the-physicofunctional-proximate-composition-and-sensory-properties-of-bread-produced-from-blends-of-wheat-tuber-crop-and-melon-seed-flours\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Evaluation of the Physicofunctional, Proximate Composition, and Sensory Properties of Bread Produced from Blends of Wheat, Tuber Crop and Melon Seed Flours<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602787c elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"602787c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-60279b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60279b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6027bf4\" data-id=\"6027bf4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6027d97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6027d97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6027e7f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6027e7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6028067\" data-id=\"6028067\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6028269 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6028269\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6028358 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6028358\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6028536\" data-id=\"6028536\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60286d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60286d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602879d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602879d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6028981\" data-id=\"6028981\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6028b20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6028b20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>The Challenges and Opportunities of Using ZOOM App in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) During COVID-19 Pandemic: Lecturers\u2019 and Students\u2019 Perspective <\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Julius Zulu, Patricia Phiri Nalube, Robert Changwe, Simeon Mbewe &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 92-101<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6028bea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6028bea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6028de7\" data-id=\"6028de7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6028f84 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6028f84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"justify\">The COVID-19 pandemic has affected educational systems worldwide, leading to the near-total closure of various institutions of learning such as: schools, colleges, and universities. Prior to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, Web-based information services (WIBS) such as ZOOM app, WebCT, Desire@Learn, Coursework, Atutor and Interact, Google Hangout, Google Meet, Google Classroom, Blackboard, Moodle, Olat, Sakai, Kallidus On Demand, and WebEx are being used by institutions in the teaching and learning of mathematics. ZOOM app allows students and lecturers to share the whiteboard, share the screen, add participants, mute participants in case of noise distortion, and upload lecture notes during the teaching and learning process. The study investigated the challenges and opportunities of using ZOOM app in the teaching and learning of mathematics during COVID-19: lecturers\u2019 and students\u2019 perspective. The study sought to establish challenges lecturers\u2019 and students\u2019 encounter when using ZOOM app in the teaching and learning of mathematics during COVID-19 pandemic and determine opportunities lecturers\u2019 and students\u2019 encounter when using ZOOM app in the teaching and learning of Mathematics during COVID-19 pandemic. Fifty (50) students taking Mathematics courses and ten (10) lecturers who teach mathematics courses at five (5) institutions in the Lusaka district of Zambia participated in this study. A mixed method approach  which followed a descriptive survey study design, was used. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and a semi-structured interview schedule. Data was analysed descriptively and thematically. The challenges of using ZOOM app in the teaching and learning mathematics included:  ZOOM app has limited capacity to accommodate more participants during the teaching and learning process; lack of good network connection; ZESCO power outages; lack of technological knowledge; high bundle consumption; and lack of devices for online learning such as smart mobile phones, computers, tablets, desktop, and smart televisions.  In terms of the opportunities of using ZOOM app in the teaching and learning of mathematics, the study has established that: ZOOM app allows lecturers and students to teach and learn from anywhere; ZOOM app is cost effective than physical learning; ZOOM app facilitates group work; and ZOOM App options are easy to use; ZOOM app allows lecturers to schedule mathematics lessons in advance; and ZOOM app allows participants to join before the host. In view of these findings, it was recommended that government through the Ministry of Higher Education (MoGE) should promote the use of ZOOM app in the teaching and learning of mathematics. It was further recommended that government through the Ministry of Higher Education (MoGE) should ensure that more training should be given to lecturers as well as students in order to reinforce the change and support the new innovation due to COVID-19  to overcome ZOOM app  challenges in teaching and learning of mathematics.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 92-101\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 28 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Julius Zulu <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Patricia Phiri Nalube <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Robert Changwe <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Simeon Mbewe <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]\tAbad-Segura, E. and Ruip\u00e9rez G. (2020). Sustainable management of digital transformation in higher education: Global research Trends Sustainability. 12 (5), 2107.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su12052107.\r\n[2]\tAdayana, (2015). The Opportunities &#038; Challenges of Mobile Learning, Indianapolis: Adayana.\r\n[3]\tAhmad &#038; Al-Khanjari, (2011). Effect of Moodle on learning: An Oman perception. International journal of digital information and woreles communication, 1(4), pp. 746- 752.\r\n[4]\tAlkhanak and Azmi, (2011). Information technology usage and attitudes towards online resources- Students perspective. African Journal of Business Management, 5(7), pp. 2582-2589. \r\n[5]\tAllen, I. E., and Seaman, J. (2017). Digital Compass Learning: Distance Education Enrolment Report 2017. Babson survey research group.\r\n[6]\tASK (2019).  Kosovo Education Statistics for 2018-2019.  Education Information Management System.  Kosovo.  Marr\u00eb nga: https:\/\/ask.rks-gov.net\/media\/5055\/statistikat-e-arsimit-2018-2019.pdf.\r\n[7]\tBriggs, M. (2019). Lack of Motivation due to  Online learning. London: Rutledge.\r\n[8]\tCohen, L; Manion, L, and Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education. London: Routledge. \r\n[9]\tCreswell. J. W. (2014). Research Design; Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches 4th E. Singapore: Sage.\r\n[10]\tGuzacheva N. (2020). Zoom Technology as an Effective Tool for Distance Learning in Teaching English to Medical Students \/\/ \u0411\u044e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. 2020. \u0422. 6. \u21165. \u0421. 457-460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33619\/2414-2948\/54\/61. \r\n[11]\tHandayanto, S., Supandi, and Ariyanto, L. (2018). Teaching Using Moodle in Mathematics Education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Vol 1013 (2018) 012128, pp. 1-4, doi:10.188\/1742-6596\/1013\/1\/012128.\r\n[12]\tHolmes, B. and Gardner, J. (2006). Teachers Perception and Needs Towards the Use of E-learning in Teaching Physics at Secondary Level. London: SAGE Publications. \r\n[13]\tKhan BH. (2001). A Framework for Web-based Learning. Engelwood Cliffs: Educational  Technology Publications.\r\n[14]\tKothari, C. R &#038; Garg, G. (2014). Research methodology; Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: New Age International Publishers.\r\n[15]\tKvale, S. (1996). Interviews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.\r\n[16]\tLopes, 2011. Teaching with Moodle in Higher Education, Oporto: INTED.\r\n[17]\tMESVTEE (2013). Zambia Education Curriculum Framework, Ministry of Education. Lusaka: Curriculum Development Centre.\r\n[18]\tMcMillan, J. H., and Schumacher, S. (1993). Research in education: A conceptual introduction (3rd ed.). New York: Harper Collins.\r\n[19]\tMcIntosh, (2016). Vendors of Learning Management and E-learning Products, Coquitlam: Trimeritus eLearning Solutions Inc.\r\n[20]\tMerriam, S.B., (1998). Qualitative Research and Case Studies Applications in Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publications. \r\n[21]\tPatton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. \r\n[22]\tToquero, P. (2020). Opportunities of using zoom platform. New York: Longmans Green. \r\n[23]\tMarban, S. (2020). Technological difficulties. New York: Longmans Green.\r\n[24]\tVygotsky, L. (1986). Thought and Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. \r\n[25]\tZakaria and Daud, (2013). The Role of Technology: Moodle as a teaching tool in a graduate mathematics education course. Asian Journal of management sciences &#038; education, 2(4), pp. 46-52.  \r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Julius Zulu, Patricia Phiri Nalube, Robert Changwe, Simeon Mbewe, &#8220;The Challenges and Opportunities of Using ZOOM App in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) During COVID-19 Pandemic: Lecturers\u2019 and Students\u2019 Perspective &#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.92-101 July 2021\u00a0URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/92-101.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/92-101.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/the-challenges-and-opportunities-of-using-zoom-app-in-the-teaching-and-learning-of-mathematics-in-higher-education-institutions-heis-during-covid-19-pandemic-lecturers-and-students\/\" target=\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Challenges and Opportunities of Using ZOOM App in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) During COVID-19 Pandemic: Lecturers\u2019 and Students\u2019 Perspective <\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602aa87 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"602aa87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602bfc0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602bfc0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602c1a8\" data-id=\"602c1a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602c324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602c324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602c3ea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602c3ea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602c5c5\" data-id=\"602c5c5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602c740 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602c740\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602c804 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602c804\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602c9e2\" data-id=\"602c9e2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602cb57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602cb57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602cc18 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602cc18\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602ce10\" data-id=\"602ce10\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602cf87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602cf87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Building a Knowledge Management Model for Fish Quality Management<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 102-104<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602d057 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602d057\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602d234\" data-id=\"602d234\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602d3c3 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"602d3c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"justify\">This paper presented a knowledge management model for fish quality management. In practically, shared expertise is a proprietary knowledge asset that is exclusively held by\r\nknowledge workers and is shared in their work or embedded in information system technology. Knowledge management might be individuals as well as organisations who share one or more qualities. This is better to buil a network in which people or organisations believe that they are members of a group or system, developing emergent qualities. This paper focused on the This thesis focuses on farmers\u2019 knowledge on implementing new farming systems to manage fish diseases and take a needed step in assuring their disease management quality.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 102-104\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 28 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Scientific Research Affairs, Can Tho University\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]\tDalkir, K., 2005, Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice, Elsevier, 1st edition.\r\n[2]\tKhoi, L.N.D, 2010, Quality Management in the Pangasius Export Supply Chain in Vietnam -The Case of Small-Scale Pangasius Farming in the Mekong River Delta, Unpublished report, PhD thesis, University of Groningen.\r\n[3]\tLuning, P.A. Marcelis, W.J. Van der Spiegel, M., 2006, \u201cSafety in the agri-food chain\u201d, Wageninge Academic publishers, pp.249-301.\r\n[4]\tSpiegel, M. van der, Luning, P.A. Ziggers, G.W, Jongen, W.M.F. (2003), \u201cToward a conceptual model to measure effectiveness of food quality system\u201d, Trends in food science and technology, Vol. 14, pp. 424-431.\r\n[5]\tSriwichailamphan, T., 2007, Global Food Chains and Environment: Agro-Food Production and Processing in Thailand, PhD-Thesis Wageningen University, 259 p.\r\n[6]\tStewart, D., and Waddel, D., 2008, Knowledge Management: The fundamental component for delivery of quality, Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 19(9), pp.987-995.\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi, &#8220;Building a Knowledge Management Model for Fish Quality Management&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.102-104 July 2021\u00a0URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/102-104.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/102-104.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/building-a-knowledge-management-model-for-fish-quality-management\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Building a Knowledge Management Model for Fish Quality Management<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602e820 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"602e820\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602e949 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602e949\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602eb46\" data-id=\"602eb46\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602ecea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602ecea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602edb3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602edb3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602ef8f\" data-id=\"602ef8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602f113 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602f113\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602f1d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602f1d9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602f3c2\" data-id=\"602f3c2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602f53a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602f53a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602f5fd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602f5fd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602f7d2\" data-id=\"602f7d2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602f94b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602f94b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602fa11 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602fa11\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-602fbe7\" data-id=\"602fbe7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-602fd5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"602fd5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-602fe23 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"602fe23\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6030016\" data-id=\"6030016\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-603018e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"603018e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>How Safe is the Water Consumed in Different Parts of Nairobi, Kenya?<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Kithure Joyce G.N., Nyamu Gideon Waithaka &#038; Eunice Klee Kitavi &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 105-109<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6030251 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6030251\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6030442\" data-id=\"6030442\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60305d8 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"60305d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"justify\">Water is very important in human beings because it plays a greater role, in that it keeps the body properly hydrated for brain and body cells functioning among others. In the rural areas water may be supplied through pipes or directly taken from the sources such as Rivers, Oasis and Lakes, while in the urban areas water is mainly supplied in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic made bottles. Heavy metals are among the major products that may lead to water contamination, which should be maintained below the permissible level by the health organizations. This project dealt with the analysis of contaminants in different types of water brands that are consumed in Nairobi County in Kenya. Seven trusted brands of bottled drinking water were obtained from some Supermarkets in Nairobi city and analyzed for heavy metals, which includes; Sb, Cr, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn and the residue levels of physico-chemical parameters including pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were also determined. The heavy metals were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) Spectra AA-10, while the physico-chemical parameters were analysed using the standard methods for the examination of bottled drinking water. The results reviewed that; antimony levels were Below Detectable Limit (DBL) in all the samples, while copper concentration ranged between BDL and 0.05 \u00b10.01 mg\/g in all the samples, which was in the range stipulated by World Health Organization (WHO) and Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) of 0.1 mg\/g and 2.00 mg\/g respectively.  Lead concentration residue levels on the other hand ranged between BDL and 0.32\u00b10.19 mg\/g in the seven samples. Cadmium residue levels were Below Detection Limit (BDL) in all the samples analysed in the two projects, while chromium ranged between BDL and 0.66\u00b10.03 mg\/g. The concentration of manganese was in the range of BDL and 0.93\u00b10.53 mg\/g, Zinc was not detected in all the samples. Lead, Chromium and Manganese residue levels were all within the limit set by WHO and KEBS in most of the samples, but some of their levels were higher than those standards in only few water samples. The pH values ranged between 6.72 \u00b1 0.15 and 7.32 \u00b1 0.01 in all the samples. These values were all within the standard set levels by the health organizations, which are in the range of 6.0 and 9.4. These organizations include, National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), KEBS and WHO. The TDS levels were in the range of 26.80 \u00b1 0.50 mg\/l and 100.70 \u00b1 0.08 mg\/l, which were well below the set standards set by NEMA, KEBS and WHO of 1,500 mg\/l each. On the other hand, the EC was in the range of 74.50 \u00b1 0.05 \u00b5S\/cm and 197.70 \u00b1 0.02 \u00b5S\/cm, which was within the range set by NEMA, KEBS and WHO of 25-2,500 \u00b5S\/cm, 30-2,500 \u00b5S\/cm and 26-2,500 \u00b5S\/cm respectively. There is therefore, need for regular monitoring of pH values of bottled drinking water by the respective water bottlers.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 105-109\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 31 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<strong> DOI : <a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6707\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6707<\/a><\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Kithure Joyce G.N. <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Kenya\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nyamu Gideon Waithaka  <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Kenya\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Eunice Klee Kitavi <\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Kenya\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]\tAhmad A., Mushrifah I., Othman MS., (2009). Water quality and heavy metal concentrations in sediment of Sungai Kelantan, Malaysia. Page 435-442.\r\n[2]\tBach C., Dauchy X., Chignon M.C., and Entiene S., (2012). Commercial compounds and toxicological assessments of drinking water \tstored in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles.\r\n[3]\tWorld Bank, (2015). World Development Indicators (Washington, DC: The World Bank).\r\n[4]\tKenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) (2020). Kenya 2019 Population and Housing census. Analytical report on Population Dynamics. Ministry of Planning. Nairobi.\r\n[5]\tWHO (2003). Antimony in drinking water, Background documents for preparation of WHO guidelines for drinking water quality, Geneva.\r\n[6]\tMitullah W., (2003). Understanding Slums:Case Studies for the Global Report on Human \tSettlements 2003: The Case of Nairobi, Kenya, UN-habitat, Nairobi.\r\n[7]\tSaggerson E.P., (1991). Geology of the Nairobi Area. Degree Sheet 51, NE QUARTER, Mines and Geology Department, English Press, Nairobi, Kenya.\r\n[8]\tJapan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), 2004). Annual Report Summary.html.\r\n[9]\tNavneet, Kumar, D. K. Sinha, (2010), Drinking water quality management through correlation studies among various physicochemical parameters: A case study, International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1(2), pp 253-259.\r\n[10]\tAlnes, I. B., Barbosa, J., Iden, P., &#038;Sj\u00f8berg, A. G. (2014). Water quality of S\u00e6lenvatnet. A guide to the use of biota, sediments and water in Environ mental monitoring, 2007: Edited by Deborah Chapman published by Taylor &#038; Francis group New York and London, 2nd Edition. American Public Health Association (APHA), 1992: American Water Works Association (AWWA) and Water Pollution Control Federation (WPCF), Washington, D.C.\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Kithure Joyce G.N., Nyamu Gideon Waithaka &#038; Eunice Klee Kitavi, &#8220;How Safe is the Water Consumed in Different Parts of Nairobi, Kenya?&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.105-109 July 2021\u00a0DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.51584\/IJRIAS.2021.6707<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/105-109.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/how-safe-is-the-water-consumed-in-different-parts-of-nairobi-kenya\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How Safe is the Water Consumed in Different Parts of Nairobi, Kenya?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6032a1e elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6032a1e\" 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elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"603342d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6033606\" data-id=\"6033606\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-603377c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"603377c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-603383e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"603383e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6033a14\" data-id=\"6033a14\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6033b87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6033b87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6033c4b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6033c4b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6033e1d\" data-id=\"6033e1d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6033f94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6033f94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6034056 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6034056\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6034245\" data-id=\"6034245\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60343bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60343bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Assessment of urban sprawl in Benin metropolis, Nigeria <\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Solomon Oisasoje Ayo-Odifiri, Aruna Osigbemhe Alasa, Rosemary Chinonye Emeana, Abel Oluwatosin Fagbami, Harrison Ik Duruanyim1 &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 110-117<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6034481 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6034481\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60346f5\" data-id=\"60346f5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60348c4 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"60348c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Urban sprawl is a scattered type of urban growth that alters the layout and shape of urban settlements. It is one of the consequences of extraordinary rapid urbanisation and uncontrolled urban growth that has created significant perils for city governance and natural resource management, particularly in the peri-urban areas. This article assesses the socio-demographic characteristics of peri-urban residents in the study area; investigates the spatio-physical pattern of Benin City, and examines the Compact City Concept (3C) as a mechanism to manage urban sprawl to achieve integrated physical development and a sustainable built environment in Benin Metropolis. A structured questionnaire was developed and administered to selected heads of households in the two hundred and one buildings examined on the outskirts of Benin City using a purposive random sampling technique. The collected data were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 25) and analysed with Spearman Rho and point-biserial correlation tests, and regression analysis presented in tables. The secondary data were relevant current literature used to supplement the primary data. The findings indicated that the socio-demographic characteristics of the people, insufficient access to the central business district, and deficient transport infrastructure instigated urban sprawl in Benin metropolis. This paper recommends the application of compact city mechanisms like the flexible architectural design for multi-habited buildings, and efficient mass transportation intervention. Land title registration, building design and planning systems, and the use of contemporary remote sensing technologies such as Google Earth, ArcGIS, and Landsat to monitor physical growth were also advocated.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 110-117\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 31 August 2021<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Solomon Oisasoje Ayo-Odifiri<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria \r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Aruna Osigbemhe Alasa<\/strong><\/span>\r\nPhysical Planning Department, Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Nigeria \r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Rosemary Chinonye Emeana<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria \r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abel Oluwatosin Fagbami<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria \r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Harrison Ik Duruanyim<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria \r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAliyu, A. A &#038; Amadu, L. (2017). Urbanisation, cities, and health: the challenges to Nigeria -a review. Annal of \tAfrican Medicine, 16(4), 149-158.DOI: 10.4103\/aam.aam_1_17.\r\n[2].\tAngel, S., Parent, J., Civco, D., Blei, A., &#038; Potere, D. (2011). The dimensions of global urban expansion: estimates and projection for all countries, 2000-2050. Program Planning Journal, 75.\r\n[3].\tArbury, J. (2005). From urban sprawl to compact city: An analysis of urban growth management in Auckland. PhD thesis, University of Auckland, New Zealand.\r\n[4].\tAyedun, C., Durodola, O., &#038; Akinjare, O. (2011). Towards ensuring sustainable urban growth and development in Nigeria. Challenges and strategies. Business Management Dynamics. 1(2). \r\n[5].\tBalogun, I., Adeyewa, D., Balogun, A., &#038; Morakinyo, T. (2011). Analysis of urban expansion and landuse change in Akure, Nigeria, using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. International Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 4(9). \r\n[6].\tBertaud, A. (2014). The spatial organisation of cities: deliberate outcome or unforeseen consequences. Barcelona, Spain. \r\n[7].\tBhatta, B. (2010). Analysis of urban growth and sprawl from remote sensing data: advances in geographic information sciences. Verlag, Berlin: Springer.\r\n[8].\tBibri, E. S., Krogstie, J. &#038; K\u00e4rrholm, M. (2020). Compact city planning and development: Emerging practices and strategies for achieving the goals of sustainability. Developments in the Built Environment, (4). Https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dibe.2020.100021.  \r\n[9].\tBruegmann, R. (2005). Sprawl: a compact history. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.\t\r\n[10].\tBurchell, R., &#038; Mukherji, S. (2003). Conventional development versus managed growth: the costs of sprawl. American Journal of public health, 93(9), 1534-1540. \r\n[11].\tBurchell, R., Shad, N., Listokin, D., Philips, H., Downs, A., Seskin, S., Davis, J., Moore, T., Helton, D., &#038; Gall, M. (1998). The costs of sprawl. Washington D.C.: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, National Academy Press. \r\n[12].\tBurton, E. (2002). Measuring urban compactness in United Kingdom towns and cities. Environment and Planning B. Planning and Design, 29, 219-250. \r\n[13].\tCarruthers, J., &#038; Ulfarsson, G. (2002). Fragmentation and sprawl: evidence from the interregional analysis. Journal of Growth and Change, 33(3), 312-340. \r\n[14].\tCosta, F., Noble, A., &#038; Pendleton, G. (1991). Evolving planning systems in Madrid, Rome and Athens. Geo-Journal. 24.\t\r\n[15].\tCouch, C., Petschel-held, G., &#038; Leontidou, L. (2007). Urban sprawl in Europe: landscapes, land-use change and policy, London, UK: Blackwell.\t\r\n[16].\tEkhaese, E., &#038; Adeboye, A. (2014). Go-ahead elements of domestic architecture: socio-economic and cultural characteristics of residents in Benin. IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature. 2(5).\r\n[17].\tEwing, R. (1994). Characteristics, causes and effect of sprawl: a literature review. Environ Urban Issues, 21 (2). \r\n[18].\tEwing, R. (1997). Is Los Angeles-style sprawl desirable? Journal of the American Planning Association, 63 (1).\r\n[19].\tFrenkel, A., &#038; Ashkenazi, M. (2008). Measuring urban sprawl: how can we deal with it? Environmental and Planning Bureau, 35.\r\n[20].\tFulton, W., Pendall, R., Nguyen, M., &#038; Harrison, A. (2001). Who sprawls most? How growth patterns differ across the U.S. centre for urban metropolitan policy. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution. \r\n[21].\tGbadegesin, J., Oladokun, T., &#038; Ayorinde, O. (2011). Urban renewal as a tool for sustainable urban\tdevelopment in Nigeria: Issues and challenges. 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Osirike (eds.), case studies in migration and urbanisation in Nigeria: perspectives in policy issues, Benin City.\r\n[28].\tKazepov, Y. (2005). Cities of Europe: changing contexts, local arrangement, and challenge to urban cohesion. Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell.\r\n[29].\t Lock, D. (1995). Room for More within City Limits? Town and Country Planning. 64(7), 173-176. \r\n[30].\tNational Population Commission. (2006). population and housing census of the federal republic of Nigeria- priority tables (Vol. I &#038; II). Abuja, Nigeria: National Population Census.\t\r\n[31].\tOdeyale, T. (2010). Cultural metamorphosis, building traditions and search for architectural identity in Africa. In Deependra Prashad (eds.), new architecture and urbanism: development of Indian traditions. Cambridge Publishing: Newcastle Upon Tyne. 54-59.\r\n[32].\tOgunbodede. E. F., &#038; Balogun, T. F. (2013). An integrated remote sensing and GIS approach in monitoring urban expansion in Benin City, Nigeria. 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Urban intensification policies in England: problems and contradictions. Land Use Policy, 16(13).\r\n[50].\tDieleman, F &#038; Wegener, M. (2004). Compact city and urban sprawl. Built Environment, 30(4):308-323. DOI: 10.2148\/benv.30.4.308.57151\r\n[51].\tArdeshiri, A &#038; Ardeshiri, M. (2011). The issue of sprawl vs compact city towards sustainability in developing countries. Built and Natural Environment Research Papers. Https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/305808643\r\n[52].\tShao, Z., Sumari, S. N., Portnov, A., Ujoh, F., Musakwa, W., &#038; Mandela, J. P.(2021).Urban sprawl and its impact on sustainable urban development: a combination of remote sensing and social media data, Geo-spatial Information Science,24:2,241-255, DOI: 10.1080\/10095020.2020.1787800\r\n[53].\tHabibi, S. &#038; Asadi, N. (2011). Causes, results and methods of controlling urban sprawl. Proceedia Engineering, 21:133-141.\r\n[54].\tFertner, C., J\u00f8rgensen, G., Nielsen, T.A.S. et al. (2016). Urban sprawl and growth management -drivers, impacts and responses in selected European and US cities. FutCit&#038;Env2, 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40984-016-0022-2\r\n[55].\tBalogun, F. T &#038; Onokerhoraye, G. A. (2017). Spatio-temporal growth of Benin City, Nigeria, and its implications for access to infrastructure. Journal of Geography and Geology, 9(2): 11-23. doi:10.5539\/jgg.v9n2p11\r\n[56].\tVan Acker, V.,Witlox, F., &#038; Wee, B. V. (2007). The effects of the land use system on travel behaviour: a structural equation modelling approach. Journal of Transportation Planning and Technology, 30(4), 331-353. \r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Solomon Oisasoje Ayo-Odifiri, Aruna Osigbemhe Alasa, Rosemary Chinonye Emeana, Abel Oluwatosin Fagbami, Harrison Ik Duruanyim1 &#8220;Assessment of urban sprawl in Benin metropolis, Nigeria &#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.110-117 July 2021\u00a0 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/110-117.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/110-117.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/assessment-of-urban-sprawl-in-benin-metropolis-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Assessment of urban sprawl in Benin metropolis, Nigeria <\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6035c72 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6035c72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6035da2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6035da2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6035fa2\" data-id=\"6035fa2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6036140 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6036140\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-603620e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"603620e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60363dd\" data-id=\"60363dd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6036562 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6036562\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-603662a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"603662a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60367f3\" data-id=\"60367f3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6036979 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6036979\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6036a3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6036a3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6036c19\" data-id=\"6036c19\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6036da4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6036da4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Applying Blockchain Technology in Seafood Supply Chain Management<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n<strong>Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi &#8211; July 2021 Page No.: 118-121<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6036e69 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6036e69\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6037637\" data-id=\"6037637\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6037885 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6037885\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1001\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1001\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\">\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Global markets, mainly in Europe and America, require traceability to control quality and seafood safety. For shrimp supply chain quality management, such as production and processing, blockchain technology has been used in some countries. At this moment (2020), shrimp produced in Vietnam often do not satisfy the expectations of Western consumers with respect to the desired quality, especially in traceability system for accuracy technology (Khoi, 2020). The scientific challenge with respect to the improvement of the quality traceability of seafood supply chains implies the structural incorporation of the important elements in the process of food production, which are based on current scientific research for quality-orientated product development. This paper investigated the legal issues, and evaluate the costs and benefits to companies and countries that use blockchain technology in shrimp supply chain management.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 118-121 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 31 August 2021<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1002\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1002\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Scientific Research Affairs, Can Tho University\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1003\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1003\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]\tFolinas, D.; Manikas, I.; Manos, B. (2006) Traceability data management for food chains. British Food Journal, Vol. 108, No.8, pp.622-633.\r\n[2]\tLaha, F. &#038; Katafono, K. 2020. Blockchain application in seafood value chains. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1207. Rome, FAO. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4060\/ca8751en \r\n[3]\tLinnemann, A.R., Benner, M., Verkerk, R. and M.A.J.S. van Boekel (2006). Consumer-driven food product development. Trends in Food Science &#038; Technology 17, 184-190.\r\n[4]\tLuning, P.A., W.J. Marcelis and W.M.F. Jongen (2002) Food quality management: a techno-managerial approach. Wageningen Pers, Wageningen, 323p.\r\n[5]\tKhoi, L.N.D (2020), Constructing a tool for Seafood Quality Traceability, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VII, Issue VI, June 2020, 142-145\r\n[6]\tRopkins, K. and A.J. Beck (2003) Using HACCP to control organic chemical hazards in food wholesale, distribution, storage and retail. Trends in Food Science &#038; Technology 14, 374-389.\r\n[7]\tSijtsema, S., Linnemann, A., Gaasbeek van T., Dagevos, H., &#038; W.M.F. Jongen (2002). Variables influencing food perception reviewed for consumer-oriented product \r\n[8]\tTrienekens, J.H. (1999) Management of processes in chains: a research framework. PhD thesis. Wageningen University, Wageningen, 173p. \r\n[9]\tYusr, M.M., Salimon, M. G., Mokhtar, S.S.M., Shaari, H., Abaid, W.M.A.W., Perumal, S., Saoula, O. (2020). Green innovation performance! How to be achieved? A study applied on Malaysianmanufacturing sector. Sustainable Futures, (2), 1-10.\r\n[10]\tYusr, M. M., Mokhtar, S. S. M., &#038; Othman, A. R. (2017). Does interaction between TQM Practices and Knowledge Management Processes Enhance the Innovation Performance?. International Journal of Quality &#038; Reliability Management. 34(7). 955-974.\r\n[11]\tL. Tebaldi, B. Bigliardi, E. Bottani. (2018). Sustainable supply chain and innovation: a review of the recent literature. Sustainability, 10 (11)\r\n[12]\tTan, P.T. Ngan. 2020. A proposed framework model for dairy supply chain traceability, Sustainability\r\n[13]\tVan der Vorst, J.G.A.J. (2000) Effective food supply chains. Generating, modelling and evaluating supply chain scenarios. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 305p.\r\n\r\n\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1004\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1004\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Assoc. Prof. Dr. Le Nguyen Doan Khoi &#8220;Applying Blockchain Technology in Seafood Supply Chain Management&#8221; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.118-121 July 2021\u00a0 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/118-121.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1005\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1005\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrias\/DigitalLibrary\/volume-6-issue-7\/118-121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1006\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1006\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/applying-blockchain-technology-in-seafood-supply-chain-management\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Applying Blockchain Technology in Seafood Supply Chain Management<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6038c13 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6038c13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; 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