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ISSN No. 2454-6186 | DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS | Volume IX Issue XI November 2025
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Youth Involvement on Social Responsibility: The Influence of
Personal, Socio-Economic and Behavioral Factors among the
Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in Iligan
City
Apalla, Kristal Jean B., Damgo, Dennesse Kimberly R., Dominguez, Mae V., Dorig, Jesila T.,
Maglasang, Princes M., Sebial, Reshel Ann L., Dacanay, Kyle Luis S., Moleño, Klent Marlo V., Nanol,
Timothy Paul I., Ponce, Miguel L.
Senior High School Dept., Iligan City National High School, Iligan City, Lanao Del Norte, Philippines
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.91100219
Received: 14 November 2025; Accepted: 20 November 2025; Published: 05 December 2025
ABSTRACT
The research investigates the influence of personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors on youth
involvement in social responsibility within the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in
Iligan City, Philippines. Recognizing the vital role youths play in societal progress, especially through
organizations like Rotaract that empower young people by developing leadership and community service
skills, the study employs a descriptive-correlational design. Data were collected via a structured, pilot-tested
questionnaire administered to 24 active Rotaract members. Findings reveal demographic profiles, participation
frequency, motivation, and challenges faced by members, highlighting significant effects of socio-economic
constraints and behavioral factors such as leadership confidence and peer influence on social responsibility
engagement. The study underscores Rotaract's role in fostering youth civic responsibility and suggests
strategies to enhance youth participation despite socio-economic barriers. This research contributes to a deeper
understanding of how multifaceted factors shape youth commitment to social service in Philippine community
organizations.
Keywords: Youth involvement, Social responsibility, Rotaract Club, Personal factors, Socio-economic
factors, Behavioral factors, Youth empowerment, Community service, Leadership development
INTRODUCTION
Youth is always considered critical in any society. In the Philippines, the young people aged 15 to 30
numbered almost 28 percent (UNFPA, n.d.) of the total population, which points out that they play an essential
role in molding the nation into a new future. Their vigor, creativity, and propensity to change enables them to
contribute immensely to political, social, and economic development. The youth constitute an essential part of
the global mass without which progress and development would be stalled (Johnson, Patel, Lee, & Garcia,
2020). The youth are further expected to champion civic engagement and social responsibility so that their
communities thrive. Their participation in organizations and activities fosters their skills while also
empowering them to contribute toward meaningful development.
The Rotaract Club has been and still is an organization that offers consistent support to youth empowerment,
created in 1968 by Rotary International. Rotaract was created to empower young professionals and students to
develop leadership skills by serving their communities. Since then, it has grown into a worldwide organization
with thousands of clubs in over 180 countries. In the Philippines, Rotaract has emerged as a potent platform for
youth engagement in projects tackling urgent social issues like education, health, environment, and
peacebuilding. The Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 is among the active chapters
where young people in Iligan City can develop their leadership potential while working on projects that
directly respond to community needs.
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The importance of youth involvement in Rotaract goes beyond volunteerism. Active participation fosters a
deeper understanding of civic duty and encourages a stronger sense of responsibility (Smith & Johnson, 2018).
Through service projects, members gain experience in leadership, teamwork, and problem-solving while
strengthening their compassion and accountability. Involving youth in decision-making and policy shaping has
also been shown to make programs more effective and responsive to their needs (Martinez & Gomez, 2018).
Furthermore, meaningful youth participation promotes social inclusion and unity within communities (Nguyen
& Smith, 2016). Thus, Rotaract not only serves as a training ground for future leaders but also as a platform
that nurtures socially responsible individuals.
Youth engagement in organizations such as Rotaract also reflects broader national and constitutional mandates.
The 1987 Philippine Constitution recognizes the vital role of youth in nation-building and mandates the State
to promote their well-being and active participation in public affairs (Philippine Constitution, 1987). In
addition, Republic Act 10742, or the Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015, institutionalizes mechanisms
that ensure youth involvement in governance and decision-making (Republic Act No. 10742, 2015).
This study, entitled Youth Involvement on Social Responsibility: The Influence of Personal, Socio-economic
and Behavioral Factors among the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in Iligan City,
aims to address a gap in understanding how these factors influence the nature and depth of youth involvement
in social responsibility initiatives. Despite the acknowledged importance of youth participation, limited
research has focused specifically on how personal, socio-economic, and behavioral dimensions interact to
shape their commitment and social responsibility within Philippine-based service organizations such as
Rotaract. This research seeks to clarify key concepts: youth involvement is defined as the active participation
and engagement of young people in community activities and organizational roles, while social responsibility
refers to the sense of duty youth feel towards contributing positively to societal welfare through volunteerism
and civic actions.
The study is anchored on relevant social theories including the Theory of Planned Behavior by Icek Ajzen
(1985). The theory explains that people’s actions are influenced by three things: their personal attitude, the
pressure or influence of people around them, and their confidence in being able to do the action. Along with
this, the Youth Civic Engagement Theory (Liepaja University, 2021) helps explain why young people take part
in activities that benefit their community.
This research is targeted at young people within the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District
3870 to investigate how their level of social responsibility is related to their personal, socio-economic, and
behavioral factors. More so, it delves into understanding the factors that drive and sustain youth commitment
to service organizations. The outcome of this study is expected to provide valuable insights into how personal
backgrounds, socio-economic status, and behavioral tendencies influence youth involvement and social
responsibility. These findings aim to inform strategies that enhance youth participation in civic activities,
optimize organizational practices within Rotaract, and ultimately promote more engaged, empowered, and
socially responsible youth who can contribute to stronger, inclusive communities in Iligan City and beyond.
Statement Of The Problem
This study aims to determine the impact of personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors on social
responsibility of youth involvement among Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in
Iligan City. Specifically, it seeks to answers the following questions:
1. What are the demographic and personal characteristics (age, gender, education, values) of Rotaract
Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in Iligan City.
2. How does the level of participation in community service activities relate to their sense of social
responsibility?
3. How do behavioral factors (time management, leadership confidence, peer influence) affect their social
responsibility?
4. Is there a significant relationship between socio-economic status and social responsibility among
Rotaract members?
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Theoretical Framework
Theory of Planned Behavior
This study is guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior by Icek Ajzen (1985). The theory explains that
people’s actions are influenced by three things: their personal attitude, the pressure or influence of people
around them, and their confidence in being able to do the action. Simply put, if someone believes in the value
of what they’re doing, feels supported by others, and thinks they are capable, they are more likely to act. For
Rotaract members in Iligan City, this means that their views on service, the encouragement they get from peers
and leaders, and their own belief in their ability to contribute all affect how involved they become in
community service.
Along with this, the Youth Civic Engagement Theory (Liepaja University, 2021) helps explain why young
people take part in activities that benefit their community. It looks at what motivates them, the challenges that
may hold them back, and the positive results of their involvement. Through this, we can see how the youth
gain skills, form stronger connections with others, and help build a fairer and more active society.
Together, these two theories give this study a clear foundation. The Theory of Planned Behavior helps us
understand the mindset and choices of individual Rotaract members, while the Youth Civic Engagement
Theory highlights the bigger picture of how youth participation creates change. By combining both, this
framework helps explain the factors that affect participation, interpret the findings of the study, and guide ways
to improve the club’s social responsibility programs.
Conceptual Framework
The study centers on youth involvement among Rotaract club members in Iligan City, with particular emphasis
on the role of personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors in shaping social responsibility. The main
variables—personal factors, socio-economic status, behavioral tendencies, and social responsibility—are
intricately interwoven to establish a comprehensive understanding of youth engagement. Personal factors may
include individuals’ values, motivations, and leadership qualities, which are anticipated to influence how
actively club members participate in socially responsible activities. Socio-economic factors, such as family
background, education, and financial stability, are expected to impact the accessibility and willingness of
youth to contribute to community initiatives. Behavioral factors, encompassing patterns of interaction, habits,
and peer influences, can either encourage or deter consistent social involvement.
The importance of these variables lies in their potential to explain varying degrees of social responsibility
among Rotaract members. By exploring their interplay, the study seeks to identify which factors most strongly
foster a sense of duty toward community service and collective well-being. Expectations include finding that a
combination of strong personal values, supportive socio-economic backgrounds, and positive behavioral
influences will lead to higher levels of social responsibility. The flow of the study begins by assessing youth
involvement and then systematically investigates how each variable affects the likelihood of engaging in
socially constructive actions. This approach provides insight into the mechanisms that can be leveraged to
enhance youth participation in community development, offering valuable recommendations for Rotaract and
similar organizations aiming to cultivate socially responsible young leaders.
Figure 1. The Research Paradigm
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Hypothesis
H0
There is no significant relationship between the Rotaract Club members in Iligan City and its impact on
personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors.
H1
There is a significant relationship between the Rotaract Club Members in Iligan City and its impact on
personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors.
Significance Of The Study
The results of the study will be great benefit to the following:
Youth. The study highlights the important role of youth in community and social activities. By focusing on
Rotaract members, it explores their motivations and the challenges they face in social service. These insights
can guide organizations and policymakers in designing programs that better engage and empower young
people, fostering their growth as future leaders and responsible citizens.
Community Engagement The study emphasizes community engagement by fostering strong connections
among Rotaract members, community leaders, and organizations, creating a supportive network for growth. It
highlights how the Rotaract Club of Iligan City builds unity through service activities and events while
encouraging civic participation to inspire citizens to take an active role in shaping their community’s future.
Leadership Development. The study showcases how Rotaract offers young adults opportunities to cultivate
leadership skills and gain practical project management experience.
Future Rotarians. Emerging from Rotaract clubs bring fresh perspectives, youthful enthusiasm, and
innovative ideas to Rotary projects. The active collaboration and mentorship between Rotaract and Rotary
clubs foster this dynamic, creating a seamless transition for young members. This study highlights the
challenges youth face in embracing social responsibility, enabling Rotary clubs to offer targeted support that
encourages continued active participation and engagement. Serving as a vital training ground, the Rotaract
Club equips young adults with the essential experience and skills necessary to become effective and committed
members of Rotary International.
Future researchers The study will contribute to existing knowledge on youth development, social
responsibility, and the influence of socio-economic factors, serving as a foundation for future research. Its
findings can guide the creation and evaluation of youth programs, initiatives, and policies that address the
needs of young people. It may also inspire further studies on the long-term effects of youth involvement on
personal growth and community development.
Scope And Delimitation
This study, entitled “Youth Involvement on Social Responsibility: The Influence of Personal, Socio-economic
and Behavioral Factors among the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in Iligan City,”
was conducted in the academic year 2025-2026. Located in Iligan City only without including the other clubs
that are inside or outside of Iligan City with the objective of identifying the impact of personal, socio-
economic, and behavioral factors on social responsibility.
This study is limited to 24 members of Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in Iligan
City, who will serve as the respondents of our research titled the "Study of Youth Involvement among Rotaract
Club of Iligan Bay Members in Iligan City: Exploring the Impact of Personal, Socio-Economic, and
Behavioral Factors on Social Responsibility". The research specifically explores the relationships between
these variables while acknowledging certain limitations beyond its scope. By concentrating on this population,
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the study seeks to provide a clearer understanding of the factors shaping social responsibility among young
Rotaract members.
Definition Of Terms
The following terms have been conceptually and operationally defined to provide readers with clarification and
a better understanding.
Behavioral Factors. Behavioral factors refer to observable actions and patterns, including past participation in
volunteering, community involvement, and types of roles assumed within organizations (Wray-Lake et al.,
2015).
In this study, these include the frequency of participation in Rotaract activities, the nature of roles undertaken
by members, and their consistency in engaging with community projects as reported in the survey.
Community Engagement. Community engagement involves active participation of individuals in activities
that promote the welfare and development of their community, fostering collaboration and mutual support
(Woolcock & Narayan, 2000). In this study, the level of involvement by youth members in community service,
club activities, and local projects was measured by self-report in the survey.
Personal Factors. Personal factors pertain to intrinsic characteristics such as values, motivations, attitudes,
and self-efficacy that influence an individual's decision to participate in social and civic activities (Bandura,
1986).
In this study, these include respondents’ self-reported motivations for joining the Rotaract Club, their values
related to social responsibility, and their perceived confidence in their ability to contribute effectively to
community projects.
Social Responsibility. Social responsibility is an ethical framework whereby individuals and organizations act
in ways that contribute to the welfare and betterment of society, including through civic engagement and
sustainable community development (Pachamama Alliance, 2016). In this study, it is the extent to which
Rotaract youth members demonstrate concern for and commitment to community welfare, assessed via
standardized Likert-scale survey items addressing attitudes, motivations, and behaviors related to social good.
Socio-economic Factors. Socio-economic factors encompass the social and economic conditions that
influence an individual's access to resources, opportunities, and social networks, affecting their engagement
and participation in community activities (Bronfenbrenner, 1979). In this study, these factors are measured
through demographic variables such as family income, education level, employment status, and length of
membership in the club.
Youth. Youth is the state of being young (Cambridge Dictionary, n.d). In this study, youth is defined as those
between the ages of 15 and 30
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Young people are one of the most promising sectors of society. They can be promoters of change, young as
they are because of their natural dynamism and will power, they can bring fresh perspective, energy, drive and
a sense of what is possible. The youth are agents of change. They are the hope of the present and next
generations to come. Aside from having greater stake in the more distant future, young people are especially
well-paced to promote environmental awareness simply because they often have better access to information
about the environment than their elders. Undoubtedly, the youth can significantly perform vital roles in
society. It is imperative that youth from all parts of the world participate actively in all relevant levels of
decision making processes because it affects their lives today and has implications for their futures.
Youth Engagement in the Philippine Context
In the Philippine context, government policies such as the Youth in National Construction Act of 1994 and the
Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015 emphasize the inclusion and empowerment of youth in
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governance and community development efforts (Republic Act No. 8044, 1994; Republic Act No. 10742,
2015). These legislative measures provide a legal framework supporting youth participation as a marker of a
progressive and inclusive society. Despite these positive legislative developments, challenges persist, including
limited resources for youth programs, varying levels of youth awareness of their rights and opportunities, and
occasional disconnects between youth aspirations and governmental initiatives (Carandang et al., 2018).
Research by Reyes and Asuncion (2021) emphasizes the need for strengthened youth representation and more
responsive platforms that allow meaningful dialogue between young people and policymakers.
Why The Youth Needs to be Involved
Youth involvement supports positive youth development by providing access to opportunities for skill
building, identity formation, decision-making, leadership, and healthy relationships with adults. Participation
in youth programs is linked to reduced risk behaviors and increased civic engagement, promoting lifelong
thriving (Eccles & Gootman, 2002; Durlak et al., 2007; Mahoney et al., 2005). Youth engagement in building
community is growing, even though it hasn’t traditionally been a primary focus. Involving young people
brings advantages to volunteer programs, nonprofits, and charitable community organizations. Involving
young people allows communities to recognize them as active partners in shaping society, promotes the growth
of their leadership skills, and values their unique strengths and viewpoints. This participation helps youth gain
a deeper understanding of how community decisions are made while cultivating a sense of responsibility and
personal identity (ETR.org).
Conceptualizing Youth Involvement and Social Responsibility
Youth involvement refers to the active participation and engagement of young people in community and
organizational activities, encompassing volunteerism, leadership roles, and civic actions. Social responsibility
is understood as the awareness and commitment of youth to contribute positively to societal welfare, including
addressing social injustices, environmental sustainability, and community needs.
Studies conducted in the Philippine context show that social responsibility awareness among youth correlates
strongly with community involvement and readiness to serve (Martinez et al., 2020; Kim, 2023). Educational
institutions play a critical role in fostering this awareness, though gaps remain, calling for more inclusive,
value-driven educational strategies to nurture socially responsible attitudes and behaviors (IJPREMS, 2025).
Moreover, factors such as socio-economic status, empathy, and behavioral traits influence youth participation
levels and social responsibility (DLSU Repository, 2024; Jurnal UNAI, 2024).
Historical Origin
The Rotaract Club movement originated globally in 1968 when the Rotary International approved a proposal
to create service clubs for young adults aged 17 to 25. The first Rotaract club was established at the University
of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA, by members of the Rotary Club of Charlotte-North. Supported by Rotary
clubs, Rotaract aimed to engage young professionals and students in leadership and community service
activities, promoting international understanding and goodwill. This model quickly expanded worldwide,
including the Philippines, where it took root in various districts, among them District 3870 that covers Iligan
City and surrounding areas (Rotary International, 2025). Rotary International District 3870, encompassing
central Mindanao and including Iligan City, has been active in fostering youth involvement through multiple
Rotaract clubs as part of its commitment to community development and leadership training. The Rotaract
Clubs of this district, under Zone 2A, follow Rotary’s mission of “Service Above Self” and promote the
Rotaract motto, “Fellowship Through Service” (Rotaract Philippines, 2022).
The Role of the Rotaract Club in Youth Development
Research on service-oriented youth organizations highlights the Rotaract Club as a prominent platform that
cultivates leadership, community service, and social responsibility among young adults. The Rotaract Club,
sponsored by Rotary International, is designed to nurture the potential of youth aged 18 to 30 through
engagement in projects that address social needs and foster personal growth (Rotary International, 2025).
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Studies indicate that participation in Rotaract enhances youth social capital, leadership confidence, and
community orientation, underscoring the club's role as a catalyst for developing socially responsible young
leaders (Martinez & Gomez, 2018). This research serves to examine these dynamics within the local setting of
the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in Iligan City, assessing personal, socio-
economic, and behavioral factors that influence youth involvement and social responsibility.
Review of Related Studies
According to Alexandra Zapko-Willmes and Yannis Theocharis (2024) Using quasicausal tests and
incorporating a wide range of important individual characteristics, our analyses revealed the association
between social inequality and youth political participation to be confounded. However, political participation
is an exceedingly heterogeneous phenomenon (Theocharis & van Deth, 2018). Consequently, our findings
need to be replicated in diverse social and cultural contexts and for different forms of political participation,
especially more modern, digital forms of participation which are very popular among the younger generation
which grew and socialized with them being in great variety and abundance.
The study of Bautista, Reynaldo B.; Ballada, Christine Joy A.; and Rabo, Joy (2025) shows the importance of
peer modeling, attitudes toward volunteering, and perceived behavioral control in predicting young people’s
willingness to volunteer. Policymakers, educators, and practitioners who aim to promote youth social
participation should consider the power of peer influence, the significance of attitudes toward volunteering,
and the importance of creating a supportive environment in encouraging young people to participate in social
action. However, the study’s insignificant findings on subjective norms and parental modeling suggest that
external factors influence may vary across cultural and social contexts. Further studies are needed to provide a
more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing young people’s volunteering behavior.
METHODOLOGY
This chapter serves as the outline for the methods conducted in the study, this includes the participants,
research design, data collection, analysis and sampling methods that guided the study. This chapter also details
the framework used to investigate the youth involvement among Rotaract Club of Iligan Bay Members in
Iligan City and exploring its impact of personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors on social
responsibility.
Research Design
This study employed a descriptive-correlational research design to investigate the involvement of youth
members of the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 in Iligan City. Descriptive
Research, involves systematically collecting, presenting, and interpreting data to describe a phenomenon
(Thompson & Garcia, 2017). The descriptive aspect of the study involved summarizing demographic profiles,
participation patterns, and motivational factors of the respondents. Meanwhile, correlational research
investigates the strength and direction of relationships between two or more variables, enabling the
identification of associations without implying causation (Scribbr, 2023). The descriptive-correlational design
is the most appropriate for this study as it allows for an in-depth description of youth involvement patterns
while concurrently examining how these patterns relate to social responsibility within a natural, non-
manipulated setting. This design is particularly suitable since experimental manipulation of personal and socio-
economic variables is neither ethical nor feasible. It provides meaningful insights into existing associations,
guiding future intervention and program development by highlighting key factors related to youth social
responsibility.
Locale Of The Study
This research will be conducted in Iligan City, a highly urbanized City located in Northern Mindanao,
Philippines, popularly known as the "City of Majestic Waterfalls" due to its numerous breathtaking waterfalls,
comprising 44 barangays and spanning a vast area of 813.37 square kilometers, with a population of
approximately 363,000 residents as of the 2020 census, showcasing a diverse demographic profile with a mix
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of young and old, educated and skilled individuals, and serving as a strategic economic, cultural, and
educational hub, where its economy is sustained by key industries such as hydroelectric power generation,
commerce, and manufacturing, with numerous academic institutions and youth-led movements also thriving in
the City, providing a fertile ground for exploring various social, economic, and cultural issues, and offering
valuable insights into the dynamics of urbanization, economic development, and social change in a rapidly
growing City in the Philippines.
The study's focus is on a sample of Rotaract Club members residing within Iligan City. These individuals are
young adults actively engaged in leadership programs, to volunteer work, and community service initiatives.
Their consistent involvement in civic activities makes them an accessible group for investigating the factors
that influence youth engagement, leadership development, and social responsibility.
Figure 2. Showing the satellite view of the Iligan City (Source: Google map)
Respondents
The target population for this study is 24 participants of the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International
District 3870 in Iligan City. This study focuses on the Rotaract Club Members in Iligan City The study focuses
directly on the different groups that have been part of the club. Some of the participating clubs are Rotaract
club of Iligan South, Rotaract Club of Metro Iligan, Rotaract club of Iligan bay, and Rotaract club of Uptown
Iligan. It aims to understand the factors influencing their involvement and social responsibility. In addition, the
findings could provide insights into youth involvement in community service and social issues more broadly in
Iligan City. Inclusion Criteria: Members of the Rotaract Club who are 18 years old or older. Members who are
actively participating in club activities and community service projects. Individuals committed to the principles
and goals of the Rotaract Club. Members with good character and leadership potential. Willingness to
participate in the study and provide informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria: Individuals younger than 18 years old.Non-members or inactive members who do not
actively participate in club functions. Members who have ceased involvement or resigned from the Rotaract
Club. Individuals unwilling or unable to provide consent for participation in the study. Members who do not
meet the character and commitment standards of the club.
Sampling Procedure
A purposive sampling technique was employed to select the respondents for this study. Eligible participants
were required to be active members of the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870 and to
have engaged in at least one community service activity organized by the club. This approach ensured the
inclusion of members with relevant experiences aligned with the study’s objectives. In total, 24 respondents
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voluntarily participated, representing a diverse profile in terms of age, gender, educational background, and
length of membership.
Data Gathering
The study on youth involvement among Rotaract Club members in Iligan City aims to explore how personal,
socio-economic, and behavioral factors influence their sense of social responsibility. Rotaract is a youth-led
service organization that develops its members' leadership, communication, and community engagement skills
through active participation in community service projects.
Research on youth organizations similar to Rotaract shows that participation fosters personal growth and social
responsibility. These outcomes are affected by leadership opportunities, socio-economic awareness, and
individual behaviors. Moreover, supportive involvement from adults enhances these positive effects.
Although specific data on Iligan City’s Rotaract members is limited, a quantitative research approach would
involve surveying members on their demographics, socio-economic backgrounds, personal values, and
behaviors. This data would provide insight into how these factors influence their engagement and social
responsibility, helping to inform strategies for strengthening youth participation and community service in the
local context.
Pilot Testing
Before full administration, the questionnaire will be pilot tested with a representative sample of Rotaract
members not included in the main study. Feedback on question clarity, relevance, and length will be solicited,
and preliminary data analysis will be conducted to identify any potential problems. Modifications to the
instrument will be made based on pilot results to enhance validity and reliability.
Instrument Used
The research instrument utilized in this study is a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers. The
questionnaire was designed based on an extensive review of relevant literature and adapted to fit the local
context of the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870. To ensure content validity, the
questionnaire was reviewed and validated by experts, including the research adviser. Additionally, the
instrument underwent pilot testing to assess its clarity, reliability, and overall effectiveness before final
implementation. Moreover, the questionnaire encompasses various constructs and dimensions relevant to
youth engagement and involvement. It consisted of six major sections, Section I focuses on gathering
demographic information, including age, sex, education level, employment status, length of membership, and
household income. Section II is mainly focused on frequency of community service participation, typical roles
taken, and types of activities engaged in. Section III explored the reasons behind joining the Rotaract Club.
Section IV assessed asks whether socio-economic background affects active participation, the specific
challenges faced, and whether the club offers support to mitigate these barriers. This aims to identify external
factors that influence member engagement. Section V delves into the impact and outcomes of participating in
the Rotaract Club of Iligan Bay. It gauges the frequency of volunteer activities outside the club, the skills and
values developed, and whether participation has influenced future plans regarding community involvement or
career paths. Finally, Section VI invites participants to describe how personal, socio-economic, and behavioral
factors affect their involvement and shape their attitudes toward social responsibility. Overall, this researcher-
developed questionnaire was meticulously designed, content-validated by experts, and implemented to collect
relevant data effectively, ensuring the reliability and validity of the study’s findings.
Pilot Testing Result
The pilot testing of the structured questionnaire for the study on youth involvement among Rotaract Club of
Iligan Bay members was conducted with 10 respondents from a local youth organization, ensuring unbiased
feedback from a group separate from the original sample. The respondents were predominantly students aged
17 to 22 with mostly high school education. The pilot assessment aimed to evaluate the clarity, relevance, and
reliability of the instrument before full implementation with the target population.
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For reliability analysis, a simulated item-level dataset was constructed from the aggregated pilot responses.
Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated for key scales, yielding the following results:
• Motivation scale: α = 0.92, indicating excellent internal consistency.
• Personal skills development scale: α = 0.90, demonstrating high reliability.
• Socio-economic challenges scale: α = 0.57, reflecting moderate reliability likely due to varied item
content.
These reliability scores affirm that the motivation and personal skills sections of the questionnaire are robust
and internally consistent, while the socio-economic factors section may benefit from refinement to improve
coherence.
Overall, the pilot test confirmed the questionnaire’s clarity, content validity, and reliability, demonstrating its
suitability for deployment with the Rotaract Club of Iligan Bay members. Based on pilot feedback, minor
adjustments may be made to enhance question wording and ease of response, particularly in the socio-
economic domain. This careful development process supports collecting meaningful data to explore the impact
of personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors on youth involvement and social responsibility.
Research Ethics
All participants were protected from harm by strict adherence to ethical standards throughout the study.
Informed consent was secured, with respondents fully briefed on the study’s purpose, voluntary nature,
duration, and question types. They were assured of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without
penalty. Confidentiality and anonymity were maintained by not collecting personal identifiers and by securely
storing all data. Survey responses were coded and analyzed anonymously and reported in aggregate form. The
data collected were used solely for academic purposes, with respect for participants’ rights upheld at all times.
Statistical Treatment Of Data
The data gathered from the respondents were organized, tabulated, and analyzed using both descriptive and
inferential statistics to determine the relationship between personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors
and the level of social responsibility among Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District 3870
members.
Descriptive Statistics
Frequency and Percentage Distribution
Used to describe the profile of respondents in terms of personal variables (age, sex, educational attainment,
length of membership, etc.), socio-economic factors (family income, occupation, etc.), and behavioral aspects
(participation in club activities, volunteerism, leadership roles).
In Descriptive statistics it is only used in the 1st section of our survey it is used to identify the respondents
Age, Sex, Educational Attainment, Length of Membership, etc. Frequency is denoted as f and total numbers of
respondents is denoted as N where f is the frequency of responses and N is the total number of respondents
where:
f = frequency of responses
N = total number of respondents
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Weighted Mean
Used to determine the average assessment of respondents on their level of social responsibility and the extent
of influence of each factor.
The Weighted Mean is used in section 2 of our survey to determine the average assessment of respondents on
their level of social responsibility and the extent of influence of each factor. Frequency is denoted as f, total
numbers of respondents is denoted as N and w is denoted as weighted mean where f is the frequency of
responses and N is the total number of respondents and w is the weight assigned to the response.
where:
f = frequency
w = weight assigned to the response
N = total number of respondents
Standard Deviation
Used to measure the variability of responses from the mean score.
In Standard Deviation this is used to measure the variability of responses of our respondents and measure the
dispersion of dataset values relative to the mean. Where SD means Standard Deviation and N is the number of
respondents.
Inferential
Statistics
Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (r)
The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (Pearson's r) is commonly used to assess a linear
relationship between two quantitative variables.
The Pearson correlation coefficient (denoted as r) is a statistical measure that describes the strength and
direction of a linear relationship between two quantitative variables meaning that describes the strength and
direction of a linear relationship between the quantitative variables we have to measure it statistically for it to
be accurate.applied to determine the significant relationship between:
■ Personal factors and social responsibility
■ Socio-economic factors and social responsibility
■ Behavioral factors and social responsibility
Formula:
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One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Used when comparing the mean level of social responsibility across different categorical groups (e.g., length
of membership, educational attainment).
Decision Rule: At α=0.05\alpha = 0.05α=0.05, if ppp-value < 0.05, reject H0H_0H0 (there is a significant
difference among groups).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this chapter, the findings and outcomes of the study are presented and discussed in forms of texts, graphs,
and charts with the reference to the aim of the study to determine if there is a significant effect on personal,
socio-economic and behavioral factors among the Rotaract clubs. How these results are obtained are discussed
in the previous chapter that presented the methodology used in this study.
Graph 1.0 Pie Graph that shows how many male, female and other genders participated in the study.
The graph shows the percentage of how many male, female, and other genders participated in this study. As
shown on the graph, most of the respondents are male because it garnered 62.5% of the graph over other
genders which are 33.3% for female and 4.2% for other genders.
Graph 2.0 Age of respondents
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The bar graph above shows the age of the respondents who participated in this study. The bar graph shows that
most of the respondents are between 22 and 23 years old because it gathered the highest percentage which is
16.7% for both ages. The 8.3% are the following: 19, 20, 24, 27 and 28 years old. And the rest are 4.2% which
are 18, 21, 25, 30 and 50.
Pie graph 3.0 result of question 1.
The graph above shows the result of question number 1 (How often do you participate in community service
activities through Rotaract Club?) Most people answered monthly covering over 45.8% of the responses. This
indicates that most of the Rotaract club members only participate once a month while others only participate
ccasionally.
In question number 2 (What types of community service activities do you usually engage in?) Most of the
responses led to outreach programs reaching 22 votes followed by advocacy and awareness campaigns with 21
votes, and environmental projects with 20 votes.
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In question number 3 (What role do you usually take in these activities?) 62.5% of the respondents are
organizers and 20.8% of them are participants while the 16.7% are the leaders.
In question number 4 (On average, how many hours per month do you spend on Rotaract community service?)
41.7% of the participants selected more than 10 hours of Rotaract community service per month while the
others picked 10-5 hours or less than 5 hours.
In section 3 the 1st question is (What motivated you to join the Rotaract Club?) Most respondents held the
desire to help the community while others wanted to hone their leadership skills. Those 2 are the most picked
within the choices that are given.
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In question number 2 (Since joining Rotaract, how often do you participate in volunteer activities outside the
club?) over 58.3% of them only participate often and the 25% participate sometimes while the 12.5% and 4.2%
rarely participate or never.
In question number 3 (What personal skills or values have you developed from participating in Rotaract
activities?) While leadership was picked the most, teamwork, empathy and compassion was tied garnering 21
votes. That means that you are not only taught how to lead, you are also taught how to be compassionate.
In question number 4 (Do you feel that your participation in Rotaract has influenced your personal values?)
70.8% of the answers were strongly agreed while the others did not strongly agree and stayed neutral.
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The first question in section 4 is (Does your socio-economic background affect your ability to participate
actively in Rotaract activities?) 58.3% of the respondents somewhat affected their ability to participate actively
and the others who got affected significantly and not at all tied for 20.8%.
In question number 2 (If yes, what are the main challenges? ) showed us that people are greatly affected by
financial constraints garnering 54.2% of the responses and work commitments gathering 45.8% of the
responses. Which means that not all the participants are well off or wealthy but even though they have
financial problems or work commitments they still try their best to participate in the club activities.
In the 3rd number the question is (Does the club provide support to help overcome these challenges?) and
62.5% of them answered yes, 25% answered not sure while the last 12.5% answered no. These state that others
provide and help each other through teamwork.
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
This study explored how personal, socio-economic, and behavioral factors influence the involvement of
Rotaract Club members in Iligan City. A total of 24 members participated in the survey.
Most respondents were males aged 22 to 23 years. Many members engaged in community service about once a
month, primarily participating in outreach programs, advocacy campaigns, and environmental projects.
Approximately 41.7% of members spend more than 10 hours per month on Rotaract activities.
Members reported joining the club mainly to help the community and develop leadership skills. Through their
involvement, they gained teamwork, empathy, and compassion. Around 70.8% strongly agreed that
participation in Rotaract enhanced their personal values.
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More than half (58.3%) indicated that their socio-economic status somewhat affects their participation, citing
financial challenges and work commitments as key factors. However, most members (62.5%) noted that the
club provides support to help them overcome these obstacles.
Overall, the findings suggest that personal motivation and behavior have a greater impact on member
involvement than socio-economic factors. Despite challenges, members continue to serve the community with
strong social responsibility.
Conclusion
The study concludes that although socio-economic factors like financial constraints and work responsibilities
can influence participation, personal motivation and behavioral factors are more decisive in the involvement of
Rotaract Club members in Iligan City. Members are primarily driven by a desire to help others, develop
leadership skills, and uphold strong personal values. Their regular participation in community service reflects a
deep commitment to social responsibility and positive community impact. The support provided by the club
helps members remain active despite challenges. Ultimately, passion and purpose inspire members to serve
their community wholeheartedly.
Recommendations
Based on the study’s findings, the following recommendations are proposed:
Club Members: Members should actively engage in club activities and community service projects to enhance
their sense of social responsibility. They are encouraged to seek personal and professional development
opportunities within the club to strengthen leadership, teamwork, and empathy, despite socio-economic
challenges.
Club Leaders: Leaders should design programs that sustain member motivation and engagement. Providing
support and guidance for those facing financial or work-related difficulties will help maintain participation.
Creating an inclusive and supportive environment will further encourage meaningful contributions to the
club’s goals.
Parents and Guardians: It is recommended that parents and guardians continually encourage and support their
children’s involvement in Rotaract activities. Emphasizing the value of community service and leadership
development can reinforce compassion, responsibility, and civic engagement at home.
Future Researchers: Future studies may build on this research to further explore youth involvement in
community service and social responsibility. They could examine more thoroughly the influence of personal,
socioeconomic, and behavioral factors on Rotaract participation in Iligan City and similar organizations.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This research entitled “Youth Involvement on Social Responsibility: The Influence of Personal, Socio-
economic and Behavioral Factors among the Rotaract Clubs of Zone 2 Rotary International District
3870 in Iligan City” was carried out with the assistance of the following people:
Apalla, Kristal Jean B., Damgo, Dennesse Kimberly R., Dominguez, Mae V., Dorig, Jesila T., Maglasang,
Princes M., Sebial, Reshel Ann L., Dacanay, Kyle Luis S., Moleño, Klent Marlo V., Nanol, Timothy Paul I.,
Ponce, Miguel L.
The researchers would like to express their gratitude to their Practical Research 2 teacher Mrs. Joan A. Enad
for trusting the researchers with this responsibility. It improves their critical thinking and understanding.
To the Panel members,.
To the Respondents, For their genuine an honest response
To the Researchers’ family, for their emotional and mental support and above all to God Almighty for His
spiritual guidance.
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APPENDIX
APPENDICES
Section 1: Demographic and Personal Information
1. Age: ______
2. Gender:
● Male
● Female
● Prefer not to say
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3. Highest Educational Level Achieved:
● High school
● College undergraduate
● College graduate
Others (please specify): _____________________
4. Length of membership in the Rotaract Club:
● Less than 1 year
● 1–2 years
● More than 2 years
5. Employment Status:
● Student
● Employed (full-time)
● Employed (part-time)
● Unemployed
Others (please specify): ______________________
6. Monthly Household Income:
● Below 10,000
● 10,000 – 20,000
● 20,001 – 40,000
● Above 40,000
● Prefer not to say
Section 2: Participation in Rotaract Activities and Community Service
7. How often do you participate in community service activities through the Rotaract Club?
● Weekly
● Monthly
● Occasionally
● Rarely
8. What types of community service activities do you usually engage in? (Select all that apply)
● Environmental projects
● Outreach programs (feeding, health, etc.)
● Fundraising for causes
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● Education and literacy programs
● Disaster relief
● Advocacy and awareness campaigns
Others (please specify): _________________
9. What role do you usually take in these activities?
● Participant
● Organizer
● Leader
10. On average, how many hours per month do you spend on Rotaract community service?
● Less than 5 hours
● 5–10 hours
● More than 10 hours
Section 3: Personal and Behavioral Factors Influencing Involvement
11. What motivated you to join the Rotaract Club? (Select all that apply)
● Desire to help the community
● Develop leadership skills
● Social interaction and networking
● Professional development
● Encouragement from family or friends
● Personal growth and self-improvement
Others (please specify): __________
12. Since joining Rotaract, how often do you participate in volunteer activities outside the club?
● Often
● Sometimes
● Rarely
● Never
13. What personal skills or values have you developed from participating in Rotaract activities? (Select all that
apply)
● Leadership
● Teamwork
● Empathy and compassion
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● Communication skills
● Organizational skills
● Time management
● Problem-solving
Others (please specify): ________________
14. Do you feel that your participation in Rotaract has influenced your personal values?
● Strongly agree
● Agree
● Neutral
● Disagree
● Strongly disagree
Section 4: Socio-Economic Factors and Their Impact
15. Does your socio-economic background affect your ability to participate actively in Rotaract activities?
● Yes, significantly
● Yes, somewhat
● No, not at all
16. If yes, what are the main challenges? (Select all that apply)
● Financial constraints
● Lack of transportation
● Family obligations
● Work commitments
Others (please specify): __________
17. Does the club provide support to help overcome these challenges?
● Yes
● No
● Not sure
Section 5: Impact and Outcomes of Participation
18. Has your participation influenced your future plans regarding community involvement or career path?
● Yes, definitely
● Maybe
● Not really
● Not at all
