INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS)  
ISSN No. 2454-6186 | DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS | Volume IX Issue XI November 2025  
Examining the Implementation of Security Protocols in a  
Commercial Establishment  
1Rodito U. Pantaleon, 2Dodelon F. Sabijon, 3Carl Jay D. Mahinay, 4Mohamadsamer P. Mamasalagat  
1College of Criminology, Colegio De San Antonio De Padua, 6004, Guinsay, Danao City, Philippines  
2Graduate School, University of Cebu Main Campus, 6000, Sanciangko Street, Cebu City, Philippine  
3,4College of Criminal Justice Education, Pagadian Capitol College Inc.,7016, Tuburan District  
Pagadian City, Philippines  
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.91100342  
Received: 30 November 2025; Accepted: 04 December 2025; Published: 10 December 2025  
ABSTRACT  
This study examined the implementation of security measures in the loading area of Super Metro Store, Mandaue  
City, with the aim of identifying gaps and proposing an action plan for improvement. Using a descriptive-  
correlational research design, data were gathered from 95 respondents composed of organic and outsourced  
personnel through a researcher-made survey questionnaire. Findings revealed that security measures related to  
vehicle access control, personnel access control, merchandise system control, and documentation procedures  
were generally fully implemented, although some practices such as strict verification of padlocks and seals,  
documentation accuracy, use of metal detectors, and compliance with personal protective equipment showed  
lower levels of consistency.  
The study also identified persistent challenges, including heavy traffic in the loading bay, delays in loading and  
unloading operations, supplier non-compliance with procedures, overstaying personnel, and merchandise  
quantity discrepancies. These issues indicate that while protocols exist, stricter enforcement, capacity building,  
and enhanced monitoring systems are needed to reduce risks such as pilferage and shrinkage. Based on the results,  
an action plan was developed to strengthen the overall effectiveness of security measures within the  
establishment.  
Keywords: Security Measures, Access Control, Loss Prevention, Commercial Establishment, Documentation  
Procedures, Operational Issues  
INTRODUCTION  
Background of the Study  
Security measures within establishments are crucial for safeguarding both clientele and products. Various  
security and safety measures are implemented to protect essential property and to prevent threats, whether man-  
made or natural, that could cause damage and losses to a company. However, discrepancies in the  
implementation of these measures can go undetected, often due to human error or misjudgments (Wakefield,  
2012). For commercial establishments like Super Metro Mall, effective corporate risk and security management  
significantly impact viability and profitability (Hamilton, 1999). Therefore, it is essential to provide necessary  
security measures and continuously assess their effectiveness, leading to improved security measures applicable  
to specific conditions, times, and available manpower if current measures are found lacking (Wakefield, 2012).  
At Super Metro Store, the loading area is a critical point for receiving goods and merchandise from suppliers,  
central warehouses, and other branches. This same loading area also serves as a passageway for contractors,  
tenants, and other personnel working in the mall during both day and night operations. Similarly, goods pulled  
out from the facility are processed through this area. The loading area currently employs existing company  
security measures, including compliance checks for vehicle delivery and material inspection, as well as  
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ISSN No. 2454-6186 | DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS | Volume IX Issue XI November 2025  
procedures for the release and entry of stocks (Skorna et al., 2011). It is vital for security guards to receive  
training and orientation on the use of company documents and proper adherence to receiving policies and  
procedures for goods delivered to the store (Fischer & Janoski, 1999). During peak seasons, the volume of goods  
and merchandise increases due to customer demand, often resulting in prolonged storage of merchandise in the  
loading area, sometimes for days, which further complicates security measures and heightens security risks  
(Skorna et al., 2011).  
Common incidents at the loading area include shrinkage, pilferage, theft of stocks, discrepancies, losses,  
damages, and undocumented incoming and outgoing merchandise. These issues render the store's loading area  
a high-risk and vulnerable environment where undesirable events can occur at any time due to existing factors.  
The objective of this study is to ensure the comprehensive protection of assets and the prevention of losses or  
damage to stocks and merchandise in the loading area, as well as other identified areas requiring protection. The  
study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the security measures implemented in the loading area to address  
these problems and to propose more efficient security and safety measures to promote loss reduction and  
prevention (Greggo & Kresevich, 2010).  
Theoretical Background  
This study is anchored on the Situational Crime Prevention Theory by Clarke and Mathew. The theory suggests  
that crime is not spread evenly across all places, people or times and, to be effective, preventive measures must  
be directed to where crime is most concentrated. Focusing on “hot spots” or those places with a high rate of  
reported crimes or calls for assistance has proved useful in directing police patrols and crime reduction measures.  
Similarly, giving priority to repeat victims of time has proved to be an effective use of prevention resources.  
There are sixteen techniques in situational crime prevention: target hardening; entry and exit screening; target  
removal; rule setting; access control; formal surveillance; identifying property; stimulating conscience;  
deflecting offenders; surveillance by employees; reducing temptation; controlling disinhibitors; controlling  
facilitators; natural surveillance; denying benefits; and facilitating compliance (Fennely, 2012).  
The Routine Activity Theory by Cohen and Felson, revolves around three things: a potential offender, a suitable  
target and the absence of capable guardian. All three must come together in areas of work, play or leisure for  
criminal activity to be realized. Routine activity theory uses the same rational methodology as situational crime  
prevention techniques for a basis. Therefore target hardening due to the lack of capable guardians, plays an  
important role (Fennely, 2012).  
This study is further supported by Jhon Bernard’s theory of safety culture, which states that facility is an  
important commercial risk. Following an accident, the lack of good safety management system, compounded by  
a poor safety culture, is a charge often laid on organizations. Accidents can take up to thirty percentage points  
off annual profits and, often, failure to manage safety has a much larger social cost that can involve fatalities or  
serious injury to a member of the workforce and public. Dr. Taylor argues that to minimize risks, any hazardous  
facility requires robustly engineered safety systems, an effective management system and a developed  
organizational safety culture (Taylor, 2010).  
Ideally, all deliveries for high risk facilities should take place at a dedicated off site receiving dock where all  
deliveries can be properly checked. Then, transit delivery by controlled vehicles bearing seals from dedicated  
receiving dock can assure the safety of the facility from unverified vehicles. The vehicles should also be queued,  
checked and sealed at some distance from the facility. It is important to note everything about the physical and  
operating environment of the shipping or receiving at the loading area including risk or theft mitigation strategies  
(Norman, 2010).  
In terms of functional layout and reduction of risk in a commercial establishment, unsecured areas such as the  
lobby, loading dock, mail room, garage and retail areas need to be separated from the secured areas of the  
building. Ideally, these unsecured areas are placed exterior to the main building or along the edges of the building.  
For instance, a separate lobby pavilion or loading dock area outside of the main footprint of the building provides  
enhanced protection against damage and potential building collapse in the event of an explosion at these  
locations. Similarly, placing parking areas outside the building can be highly effective in reducing vulnerability  
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to catastrophic collapse. If it is not possible to place vulnerable areas outside the main building, they should be  
placed along building exterior (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2003).  
Strict control of all vehicles entering or leaving a controlled area should be maintained. Parking lots should be  
located outside of all cargo exchange and controlled areas. The only vehicle entering or leaving a controlled area  
should be bona fide cargo-carrying or cargo-handling equipment or emergency vehicles. Of primary concern to  
the security staffs are the cargo pickup and delivery vehicles and freight forwarder vehicles. These vehicles  
should be both checked in and out, with adequate records maintained to ensure that they are the vehicles  
authorized for specific cargo movements. The facility vehicles generally remain on the facility but should be  
properly recorded if they are required to leave the facility. The cargo carrier vehicles should be inspected and  
documented when arriving or departing. It is essential to maintain accurate records of all cargo-carrying vehicles  
entering or leaving controlled areas (Fennelly, 2012).  
A close inspection of all trucks entering or leaving a facility should be a general requirement. An orderly system  
should be established to limit and control the movement of trucks and other conveyances within controlled areas.  
All trucks and conveyances entering a controlled area should be required to pass through a control gate guarded  
by security. Truck drivers, helpers, passengers and vehicle contents should be carefully screened (Fennelly,  
2012).  
Loss controls are the concepts of loss prevention and loss reduction. The term loss control as opposed to loss  
prevention suggests that not all losses are preventable. Accordingly, the goal is to prevent losses to the extent  
possible and control the consequences when loss occurs. Some loss control measures serve to prevent losses  
while others serve to reduce the extent of a loss. Understanding of the concept of loss prevention versus loss  
reduction better enables one to evaluate loss control needs and implement measures that properly address loss  
exposures (Siljander, 2008). Ugbaniel (2013) considered the level of work –related capabilities of security guards  
in terms of decision making.  
In a commercial establishment, the security measure covers on the layering of security, the first layer of security  
is the physical barriers such as fence, CCTV camera, human, lights of the parking area and other alternative  
signage’s for security and safety purposes. According to Clarke, the first layer of security is frequently a  
neglected area. Perimeter security should be used to minimize entry and exit points as far as possible. Fences  
must be sturdy, with attention to the strength of the base sections. A basic principle is that in most cases a front  
entrance should be as open as possible to natural and employee surveillance, with low shrubbery, transparent  
fencing, and as few hiding places as possible. Fortification of grills and shutters is essential for facilities that  
have ready public access, such as sporting clubs on public land and school canteens. As a rule, the less  
guardianship there is the more target hardening is required. Interiors should be compartmentalized so an intruder  
is prevented as much as possible from moving between sections of the building and between rooms. Internal  
sensor lights can be useful for exposing intruders (Greggo and Kresevich).  
Morris (2004) studied the impact of inadequate off-loading facilities in commerce office buildings and revealed  
that the challenges shippers face in moving products and services to small and large business in New York are  
representatives of the freight mobility problems that occur in congested urban areas worldwide. In focus group  
and interviews, carrier and shipper representatives repeatedly reported that inadequate off-loading facilities in  
commercial office buildings were a major barrier to freight efficiency in New York’s central business district.  
Statement of the Problem  
This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of security measures at the loading area in Super Metro Store,  
Mandaue City, 2014. Findings of the study were the basis for an action plan.  
Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:  
1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of  
1.1 Age;  
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1.2 Gender;  
1.3 Civil status;  
1.4 Nature of work performed; and  
1.5 Highest educational attainment;  
2. What is the level of implementation of security measures in the loading area in terms of:  
2.1 Vehicle Access Control;  
2.2 Receiving and Releasing of Merchandise with Proper Documents;  
2.3 Personnel Access Control;  
2.4 Merchandise System Control;  
2.5 Contractor and Concessionaire Verification System  
3. What are the problems encountered by the security personnel in the implementation of security  
measures?  
4. Is there significant relationship between the profile and the level of implementation of security measures?  
5. Based on the findings of the study, what action plan can be proposed.  
METHODOLOGY  
Research Design  
This study used a descriptive-correlational method of research utilizing survey questionnaire. Figure I shows the  
flow of research.  
Figure 1. Research Flow  
Research Environment  
This study was conducted at the Super Metro Store on in SB Cabahug St, Estancia, Ibabao, Mandaue City. The  
structural design of the building comprised two parts, the Pacific Mall facing M. C. Briones Street, Mandaue  
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City and Central Neutical Highway, Cebu North Road. The loading area of the store in across the UN Avenue,  
Marciano Cuizon St, Mandaue City. Two units’ twenty footer empty container vans are stored beside the loading  
bay as the storage area for empty cartons and the other one was intended for the disposable fruits and vegetables.  
On the other hand, empty pallets are also placed beside the loading bay utilized by the personnel for unloading  
and loading of the merchandise delivery (See appendix C for the map of the research environment).  
Research Respondents  
The respondents of the study were employees of Super Metro consisted of two groups; the organic employees  
such as loading area personnel, department store and supermarket personnel that had gain access of the loading  
area, truck drivers/ boys from other Metro Store facilities, promos and merchandisers that were in-charge of the  
outright selling merchandise as well as security personnel from security department that were in-charge to  
oversee the security agency personnel. And, the other one was the outsourcing personnel such as contractors,  
suppliers, truck drivers/ boys came from other company that were delivered their merchandise and also  
merchandisers who were also in-charge of the concession selling merchandise in the commercial establishment.  
Table below shows the distribution of respondents.  
Table 1 Distribution of the Respondents  
Respondents  
Organic Personnel  
Outsourced Personnel  
Total  
Frequency  
Percent  
80%  
76  
19  
95  
20%  
100%  
Table 1 shows that 80 % of the respondents are mostly organic personnel while outsourcing were about 20 %  
with the overall total of 100% respondents at the loading area in Super Metro establishment.  
Research Instruments  
This study utilized a researcher-made questionnaire adopted from the security measures implemented by Super  
Metro stores composed of three parts. Part 1 gathered data on the profile of respondents. Part 2 determined data  
on the level of implementation of security measures in loading area at the Super Metro Establishment. Part 3 on  
the problems encountered by security personnel in the implementation of security measures.  
Research Procedures  
Gathering of Data. First, the researcher made and sent the transmittal letter addressed to the office of the Vice  
President of the General Loss Prevention Department at the VICSAL Corporate Department. A copy of which  
was also addressed to the office of the Store Manager, Chief Security Supervisor and the supervisor of the loading  
area which the study was conducted. A copy of which was also endorsed to the Chief Security Supervisor (CSO)  
as well as the supervisor of the loading area in order to secure pertinent data and to distribute questionnaire to  
the respondents. After approval, the researcher asked the security supervisor to facilitate in the distribution of  
questionnaires. The respondents were given ample time to answer the questionnaire. After a week, the  
questionnaires were collected at the office of the security department and later tabulated, interpreted and  
analyzed.  
Treatment of Data. The following statistical treatment was utilized in the study:  
Simple percentage. was used to interpret the profile of the respondents.  
Weighted Mean.  
was used to interpret in the implementation of security measures in a commercial  
establishment. The hypothetical overall mean were used:  
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS  
Profile  
This section presents the profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender, civil status, nature of work performed,  
highest educational attainment, and the others.  
Tables 2 present the profile of the respondents. Shown below as follows  
Table 2 Profile of the Respondents  
Age  
Frequency  
Percent (%)  
50.53  
19 to 29  
30 – 39  
48  
37  
38.95  
40-49  
9
9.47  
50 – 59  
1
1.05  
Total  
95  
100.00  
Percent (%)  
54.74  
Gender  
Male  
Frequency  
52  
Female  
43  
45.26  
Total  
95  
100.00  
Percent (%)  
51.58  
Civil Status  
Married  
Single  
Frequency  
49  
45  
47.37  
Separated  
Total  
1
1.05  
95  
100.00  
Percent (%)  
7.37  
Nature of Work Performed  
Hauling  
Refilling  
Frequency  
7
9
9.47  
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Monitoring  
16  
16.84  
28.42  
8.42  
Displaying  
27  
Delivery  
8
Checking  
9
9.47  
Others  
19  
20.00  
100.00  
Percent (%)  
1.05  
Total  
95  
Highest Educational Attainment  
Elementary Graduate  
High School Graduate  
College level  
Total  
Frequency  
1
56  
38  
95  
58.95  
40  
100.00  
As shown in table 2, majority of the respondents belonged to the age of 19 to 29 years old; followed by 37 %  
belongs to 30 – 39 years old, the respondents of this study were dominated by male about 54.74 % of the total  
number of respondents , mostly married around 51.58 % of the total respondents.  
Further the study revealed that most of the respondents in the aspect of nature of work are from the displaying  
sector around. It was also followed by those working in monitoring about 16.84%. As to the educational  
attainment, most of the respondents are high school graduate at about 58.95 %, followed by the college level at  
about 40.00 %. This indicated that the respondents are entry level employees and mostly male because there are  
many male employees in the display and monitoring area of the store, thus also the reasons for the age to be  
younger since most entry level applicant are recent graduates from high school or at their early years in college.  
The tables 3 present the vehicle access control. Shown below as follows:  
Table 3 Vehicle Access Control  
Indicators  
Mean  
Interpretation  
1. Checking of delivery vehicles padlocks and security seal upon going in 3.31  
and out the loading premises.  
Fully Implemented  
2. Logging of vehicle’s license plate number and security seal.  
3.41  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
3. Listing of the names of the driver and truck helper including their time of 3.46  
entry and departure  
4. Checking the origin of the delivery truck and the company name whether  
Fully Implemented  
company based (third party) or supplier for direct deliveries  
3. 43  
Over All  
3. 40  
Fully Implemented  
As shown in table 3, the data on the indicator pertaining on the implementation of the security measures in  
checking the padlocks and security seal of the vehicles delivery before going in and out of the loading premises  
had the lowest mean at about 3.31. It was fully implemented but got the lowest mean among indicators. This  
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means that there were other people who observed that the security measure was not strictly enforced in terms of  
that said aspect. The existing policies and guidelines mandated that all vehicles coming from metro central  
warehouses and other store facilities that will arrive in the loading area, padlocks and security seal in the vehicle  
compartment should be checked by the loading checker together with the security guard assigned in the loading  
area. The same procedure is done when it exits from the loading premises to ensure the padlock and security  
seal as a basis of the security measures upon departing to the destination. But, there are observed instances that  
the said protocol is not strictly observe, there were instances wherein only one personnel will check the padlock  
and seal of the vehicle. This happen mostly during peak season when the checkers cannot accommodate all  
vehicles in the loading bay due to lack of manpower. This could be a risk on the part of the security measures  
implemented that needs to be properly addressed.  
Table 4 presents the receiving and releasing of merchandise with proper documents. Shown below as follows:  
Table 4 Receiving and Releasing of Merchandise with Proper Documents  
Indicators  
Mean  
Interpretation  
1. Strict inspection of merchandise upon receiving and releasing in the loading 3.48  
premises. Checking the transmittal logbook time, arrival and its departure.  
Fully Implemented  
2. Documentation of quantities of merchandise released and received.  
3.41  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
3. Complete approving signatories before going in and out.  
3.51  
4. NO GATE PASS,NO OUT POLICY on materials/stocks to be shipped from the 3.52  
place of origin to another store facility  
Overall Mean  
3.48  
Fully Implemented  
As shown in table 4, most of the respondents rated the indicator on documentation of quantities of merchandise  
released and received in the loading premises with the lowest mean of 3.41. This is due to some observed  
incidents that the actual merchandise received by the loading checker and its documents papers lacking the  
described quantities of stocks. The same incident also happened during the release of merchandise in the loading  
area which resulted to the discrepancies of stocks delivered. There were also incidents that happened in the  
loading area, where the documents of delivered stocks were left undetected from the facility of origin due to the  
neglect of duty of the personnel in – charge to simultaneously carry said documents while transporting the  
merchandise and such discrepancies were observed by respondents that resulted to shrinkage that affects the  
sales profit of the company.  
The tables 5 present the personnel access control. Shown below as follows:  
Table 5 Personnel Access Control  
Indicators  
Mean  
Interpretation  
1. Strict enforcement of the ID system. Allow entry only to visitors, supplier,  
contractors, tenants which valid identification Card (ID). And the purpose of the  
visit and or activities.  
3.58  
3.51  
Fully Implemented  
2. Body frisking of each personnel upon entry and exit at the loading premises.  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
3 Inspection of guest, supplier, tenants, and employees bags or baggage using a 3.37  
stick or ball pen.  
4. Use of metal detector.  
3.27  
Fully Implemented  
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5 Wearing of ID card while in the company premises.  
3.38  
3.54  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
6. Securing valid work permit before the start of the activity.  
7. Wearing of color coded ID card by the visitors, suppliers, contractors while 3.47  
conducting business within the premises.  
8. Wearing of prescribed uniform upon entry and exit of the loading premises.)  
9. Exit guard shall retrieve ID’s issued upon exit.  
3.38  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
3. 43  
10. Unauthorized persons are strictly denied entry at the “RESTRICTED 3.51  
AREAS” without authorization. Security guard must escort the persons from  
loading area up to the place of activity. Likewise, security guards do the same  
manner after of the said activity.  
Overall Mean  
3.44  
Fully Implemented  
Table 5 showed that the respondents rated all the indicators in terms of personnel access control as fully  
implemented; the lowest was on the proper use of metal detector with an average mean of 3.27. This specified  
that many security personnel lack the proper training and orientation on the use of metal detector. In this case,  
there were people who were very sensitive in the aspect of politeness and courtesy in the implementation of body  
frisking and or searching their personal in a way that it shows tact and professionalism among security personnel.  
Table 6 presents the merchandise system control.  
Table 6 Merchandise System Control  
Indicators  
Mean  
Interpretation  
1. Security guard submission document at the loading office for 3.49  
checking purposes after logging in the security logbook.  
Fully Implemented  
2. Checking per box/case of the groceries merchandise upon 3.44  
entry and exit in the loading premises. The same procedures  
when it is forwarded to the concerned department  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
3. Checking per carton on dry goods merchandise upon arrival of dry 3. 48  
good goods merchandise. The same procedures when it is forwarded  
to the concerned department.  
4. Through checking of pharmacy deliveries, cigarettes, meat, fish 3. 53  
and frozen merchandise with the presence of the department in  
charge and or security personnel.  
5. Immediate transfer of the said items to the concerned department 3.49  
after checking for security and safety purposes.  
Fully Implemented  
Overall Mean  
3.49  
Fully Implemented  
As revealed in Table 6, the respondents rated all indicators in terms of merchandise system control was  
interpreted as fully implemented. In this behalf, the system was able to prevent losses and damages of  
merchandise upon arrival at the loading premises. The lowest mean was on the checking of per box/case of the  
groceries merchandise upon entry and exit in the loading premises and also in forwarding the same merchandise  
to the concerned department. This has a good result because of the aforementioned range obtained but it is  
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necessary to revisit the existing guidelines to prevent losses and damages of merchandise. It is also necessary  
that the merchandise should be checked by loading checker and or department checker.  
Table 7 presents the contractor and concessionaire verification system. Shown below as follows:  
Table 7 Contractor and Concessionaire Verification System  
Indicators  
Mean  
Interpretation  
1. Securing work permit prior to scheduled activity  
3.44  
Fully Implemented  
Fully Implemented  
2. Securing documents from the company property custodianship for their 3.52  
materials brought in prior to the said activity or schedule.  
3. Screening and verifying documents presented by the concessionaire and 3.57  
contractors to the security guards assigned to ensures the complete approval  
signatures from the authorized representative  
Fully Implemented  
4. Wearing of contractors and concessionaire of their company uniform upon 3.42  
entry and exit in the loading area.  
Fully Implemented  
Implemented  
5.Wearing of contractors of their Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 3.24  
while doing works inside of the store  
Overall Mean  
3.44  
Fully Implemented  
As shown in table 7, majority of the respondents rated the indicators as fully implemented but on the aspects  
where contractors should be wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) while working showed as  
implemented. It turns out to be commonly observed by the respondents and is considered as an eye opener for  
the security personnel to be more vigilant and to strictly implement existing guidelines primarily for the purpose  
of security and safety of the personnel and the company.  
Table 8 presents the result on the Problems Encountered by the Security Personnel.  
Table 8 Problems Encountered by the Security Personnel  
Indicators  
Frequency  
Percent (%)  
45.26  
Rank  
4
1. The suppliers do not follow the delivery policies and guidelines.  
2. Merchandisers are overstaying in the loading area  
43  
35  
36.84  
5.5  
9.5  
3. The contractors and concessionaires do not follow Standard Operating 26  
Procedures  
27.37  
4. Pilferage committed by the employees  
26  
27.37  
30.53  
9.5  
7
5. Conspiracy towards employee regarding the losses and damages of the 29  
merchandise  
6.Personnel going outside the store without a security passes from the 27  
superior  
28.42  
8
7. Delay of loading and unloading of the merchandise of the vehicles  
49  
51.58  
2
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8. Heavy traffic in the loading bay.  
56  
58.95  
36.84  
48.42  
1
9. Traffic violation committed of the truck drivers upon entry and exit.  
35  
5.5  
3
10. Quantities discrepancies of the dry goods or groceries 46  
merchandise delivery.  
11. Unused sampling items are given by the suppliers/samplers to the  
employee and security guards in the loading passageway after of the said  
activity.  
21  
20  
22.11  
21.05  
11  
12  
12.Eating and drinking unpaid merchandise  
As revealed in table 8 on problems encountered by the security personnel in the implementation of security  
measures at loading area, the respondents rank the indicator on the suppliers’ non observance on delivery policies  
and guidelines which also resulted in the delay of loading and unloading of merchandise which also resulted in  
the discrepancies on the quantities of the dry goods merchandise delivery. These indicators caused heavy traffic  
in the loading bay. These top 4 indicators are very much alarming in the security operation especially in the flow  
of traffic at the loading bay, shrinkages, and other security matters that could affect or will to the decline on the  
sales profit.  
Test of the Significance of the Relationship between the Profile and Level of Implementation  
This section presents the test of significance of the relationship between the profile of the respondents and their  
perceived level of implementation.  
Table 9 presents the result of the test of the significance of the relationship between the respondents’ profile and  
their perceived level of implementation of the security measures.  
Table 9 Relationship between the Profile and level of Implementation  
VARIABLES  
Df  
Computed Critical  
Decision on Ho  
Interpretation  
Value  
2.354  
4.675  
Value  
Age and Vehicle Access Control  
9
16.919  
16.919  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Age and Receiving and Releasing of 9  
Merchandise  
Age and Personnel Access Control  
6
9
7.130  
6.536  
1.572  
12.592  
16.919  
12.592  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Age and Merchandise System Control  
Age and Contractor and Concessionaire 6  
Verification System  
Gender and Vehicle Access Control  
3
4.551  
2.148  
7.815  
7.815  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Gender and Receiving and Releasing of 3  
Merchandise  
Gender and Personnel Access Control  
Gender and Merchandise System Control  
2
3
2.997  
2.543  
5.991  
7.815  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
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Gender and Contractor and Concessionaire 2  
Verification System  
3.521  
5.991  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Civil Status and Vehicle Access Control  
6
8.392  
2.430  
12.592  
12.592  
Do Not Reject Ho Not Significant  
Civil Status and Receiving and Releasing 6  
of Merchandise  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Civil Status and Personnel Access Control  
4
1.521  
4.353  
9.488  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Civil Status and Merchandise System 6  
Control  
12.592  
Civil  
Status  
and  
Contractor  
and 4  
1.807  
9.488  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Concessionaire Verification System  
Nature of Work and Vehicle Access Control 18  
20.543  
19.143  
28.869  
28.869  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Nature of Work and Receiving and 18  
Releasing of Merchandise  
Nature of Work and Personnel Access 12  
Control  
16.980  
24.162  
6.671  
5.368  
6.274  
3.584  
5.625  
1.775  
21.026  
28.869  
21.026  
12.592  
12.592  
9.488  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Do Not Reject Ho  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Not Significant  
Nature of Work and Merchandise System 18  
Control  
Nature of Work and Contractor and 12  
Concessionaire Verification System  
Highest  
Educational  
Attainment  
and 6  
Personal Access Control  
Highest  
Educational  
Attainment  
and 6  
Receiving and Releasing of Merchandise  
Highest  
Personnel Access Control  
Educational  
Attainment  
and 4  
and 6  
and 4  
Highest  
Merchandise System Control  
Educational  
Attainment  
12.592  
9.488  
Highest Educational Attainment  
Contractor and Concessionaire Verification  
System  
Table 9 indicated that there is no significant relationship between the respondents’ profile and their perceived  
level of implementation of security measures. Generally, this means that the respondents’ profile does not affect  
the responses on their perceived level of implementation of security measures.  
CONCLUSIONS  
For the protection of assets in commercial establishment, loading areas should observe a well- balanced security  
program by implementing a more stringent process of hiring and training more qualified security staffs.  
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RECOMMENDATIONS  
The researcher recommended the following:  
1. Future researches may work on the security measures using these suggested topics:  
a. Reaction of the personnel who will be having entry passes and access on the strict implementation of security  
measures in the loading area of commercial establishment.  
b. Effectiveness of the security personnel as implementers of the policies and guidelines in the loading area.  
c. Importance linkages between employees and security personnel in the relation of security policies and  
guidelines of the company.  
2. The proposed action plan should be implemented.  
Proposed Action Plan  
Based on the findings of this study, this action plan is being proposed.  
The implementation of security measures in a commercial establishment particularly in the loading area was  
high risks that the security management needs to propose an action plan to keep all employees familiar and also  
to aware the security policies and proper procedure how to resolve to any unusual incident and to what  
measures are going to take when it occur. This is also emphasizing the other aspect of the security protection  
why to control people inside the company and how to protect the assets of the company. In this behalf, the  
methods of security measures in implementing and exercising will go beyond of what will be expected for if  
someone of the organizations believes that the teams will become the primary unit of high performance  
organization and the principles of the security is that it is everybody concern.  
Description of Program  
This action plan consisted of the specific time table such as the objective, activities, responsible person, resources  
needed, period of orientation and also the desired results. This aims is to address the problem on the  
implementation of security measures in a commercial establishment at loading area. Shown below as follows:  
Objective  
Activities  
Responsible  
Persons  
Resources  
Needed  
Period  
Orientation  
of Desired Result  
Conduct security Chief Security *Venue  
orientation Officer and  
briefing to the Store Manager  
This  
*Improved the security  
Vehicle  
Control  
Access  
briefing will policies in terms of  
take to six vehicle access control.  
hours. This  
will be done  
as soon as  
there will be  
new  
employees  
and  
policies  
*Monetary  
Budget  
To have a full  
implementation  
of  
measures in the  
loading area.  
security  
assigned  
loading  
guard or  
at representative in  
area, the  
establishment.  
* It must be in writing  
as their basis for  
decision making.  
*Power  
point  
presentation  
security  
loading  
personnel  
particularly  
newly  
hired  
* Revise the existing  
policies and guidelines  
hired  
new  
in  
which  
applicable  
operation.  
are  
in  
not  
the  
employees.  
the loading  
area.  
*Conduct  
orientation  
program  
*Chief Security * Venue  
Officer  
*This  
be  
quarterly  
will *This  
done among personnel in the  
loading area, security  
and other personnel  
involvement  
Receiving  
Releasing  
Merchandise  
and  
of  
*Monetary  
those  
personnel  
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involved on the *Store Manager *Power  
basis. (1day who have access to the  
with  
Proper  
releasing  
receiving  
merchandise  
the  
and or  
point  
seminar)  
area in order to check  
and balance of their  
performance.  
Documents  
of representative in presentation.  
in the  
store establishment.  
the  
To ensure that the  
releasing  
receiving  
personnel  
and  
including  
sending  
parties  
become aware of  
from other store  
facility,  
warehouses.  
the  
policies  
company  
and  
procedures of the  
merchandise.  
*Conduct  
talk or  
formation during establishment.  
pep *Chief Security * Venue  
a Officer in the  
*This  
be  
every  
will This  
done among  
personnel.  
involvement  
security  
Personnel  
Access Control  
To have a Full  
implementation  
of the security *  
measures in the security  
loading area.  
guard mounting.  
morning  
during  
guard  
* Supervisor of  
Put  
signage the loading area.  
in  
mounting.  
guidelines  
front  
of  
the  
passageway prior  
to enter inside the  
establishment.  
*Conduct policy *Store Manager  
orientation of the  
*Venue  
This will be *Participants will be the  
Merchandise  
System Control  
done  
soon  
as loading  
as security guard assigned  
personnel,  
*Chief Security * Monetary  
loading  
To safeguard all  
merchandise  
when unloading  
and loading in the  
loading area until  
Officer  
budget  
personnel,  
delivery  
charge,  
there will be at loading area, other  
new policies employees who have  
made by the access to the loading  
system and area.  
procedure.  
(1day  
in  
loading  
*
Department  
concerned  
supervisors  
guard, sales clerk  
*Power  
point  
presentation  
and  
to  
those  
to  
the  
final  
concerned  
supervisors.  
storage area.  
seminar)  
*Conduct  
security  
orientation  
briefing  
contractors  
concessionaires.  
*Store Manager *Venue  
or  
This will be *  
done during among contractor and  
This  
involvement  
Contractor and  
Concessionaire  
Verification  
System  
*Power  
point  
representative  
the  
concessionaire  
personnel.  
for  
and  
personnel  
are securing  
work  
* Chief Security presentation  
Officer  
permit.  
To  
security policies  
and guidelines  
know  
the  
*
Floor  
Supervisor  
*Engineering  
Supervisor  
prior to work in  
the  
establishment.  
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REFERENCES  
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Publications. , 2011  
USA.  
4. Norman, T.L., Risk analysis and security countermeasures selection. CRC Press Taylor and Francis  
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5. Siljander, R.P., Introduction to business and industrial security and loss control: A primer for  
business and private securityand law enforcement 2nd edition. Charles C. Thomas Publisher Ltd.:  
USA., 2008  
6. Taylor, J.B., Safety culture: Assessing and changing the behavior of organizations. Grower  
Publishing Limited.: England., 2010  
7. Vito, G. and Maahs, J., Criminology: Theory, research and policy 3rd edition. Jones and Bartlett  
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8. Federal Emergency Management Agency., Risk management series: Primer for design of of  
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Unpublished Thesis  
1. Ugbaniel, Reynaldo G. (2013). Work-related capabilities of security guards. University of Cebu,  
Philippines  
Electronic Source  
The impact of inadequate  
Other Source  
1. Directory of Issued Memoranda for Metro Corporate Security Department Security Providers  
Development Program Manual (SPDF) Vol.1  
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