Page 69
www.rsisinternational.org
5
th
International Conference on Islamic Contemporary Issues and Management 2025
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | ISSN: 2454-6186
DOI: 10.47772/I0JRISS | ICICM 2025 - Conference Proceedings | Volume IX Issue XXIX November 2025
11
The Use of Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Arabic Language Skills
in Understanding Prophetic Sunnah Texts
Mohammad Roshimi Abdullah
1*
, Noor Husna Talib
1
, Shohibuddin Laming
1
, Roshimah Shamsudin
2
,
Mohd Abalkhair Mat Ali
3
, Rojja Pebrian
4
1
Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin
2
School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia
3
Faculty of Islamic Studies and Arabic Language, Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Ismail
Petra
4
Faculty of Islamic Religion, Universitas Islam Riau
*
Corresponding Author
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.92900013
Received: 17 November 2025; Accepted: 25 November 2025; Published: 17 December 2025
ABSTRACT
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed language education, including
the teaching and learning of Arabic, which plays a pivotal role in accessing Islamic texts such as the Sunnah of
the Prophet. However, mastering the four fundamental language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing)
remains a major challenge, particularly among non-native speakers (NNAS) aiming to comprehend classical and
context-rich Hadith texts. This study aims to explore the potential of AI in enhancing Arabic language proficiency
to improve comprehension of Sunnah texts. A qualitative research design was employed, involving content
analysis of selected AI-based tools like automated translation software and natural language processing (NLP)
applications (e.g., alminasa.ai, usul.ai). The study specifically analysed three authentic Hadith texts related to
dhikr and du'a from Sahih Muslim, benchmarking the translations generated by the AI platform usul.ai against
the established translations found in Kitab Perisai Muslim. The findings indicate that AI applications contribute
positively to the development of vocabulary, grammatical accuracy, contextual understanding of Hadith, and
interactive speaking practice. Crucially, the AI demonstrated high fidelity, delivering semantically reliable, near-
reference translations of the core dhikr and du'a texts. Theoretically, these accurate translations act as adaptive
scaffolding (Constructivist Learning Theory), which enhances the learner's perceived usefulness of the
technology (Technology Acceptance Model, TAM). The study concludes that AI holds promising potential as an
effective, immediate supplementary instructional tool in modern Islamic education, accelerating NNAS access to
and contextual comprehension of Islamic sources.
Keywords: Arabic Language Skills, Artificial Intelligence, Hadith Comprehension
INTRODUCTION
The background issue driving this study stems from the critical linguistic barrier faced by non-native Arabic
speakers (NNAS) in comprehending complex Islamic source texts, particularly the Prophetic Sunnah (Hadith).
While Arabic is the primary language for Islamic jurisprudence and guidance, the proficiency gap across the four
core skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) among NNAS students significantly impedes a nuanced and
contextual understanding of Hadith literature. This problem is acutely relevant today given the rapid
advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), which offer adaptive and interactive tools capable of addressing
these specific linguistic deficiencies, yet their application in this highly specialized domain remains largely
underexplored (Mulyanto et al., 2024). Critically, the need for this research is highlighted by the necessity to
bridge traditional pedagogy with digital solutions to ensure the authenticity and accessibility of Islamic
Page 70
www.rsisinternational.org
5
th
International Conference on Islamic Contemporary Issues and Management 2025
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | ISSN: 2454-6186
DOI: 10.47772/I0JRISS | ICICM 2025 - Conference Proceedings | Volume IX Issue XXIX November 2025
11
knowledge in a globalized era (El Zahraa, 2025). Therefore, the study aims to resolve the core research problem
of limited Arabic linguistic proficiency hindering the accurate and contextual understanding of Sunnah texts
among NNAS students.
The general objective of this study is to explore the potential of AI in augmenting NNAS students’ Arabic
language skills for enhanced comprehension of Sunnah texts. Specific objectives include: (1) analysing the
features and effectiveness of AI tools (e.g., alminasa.ai, usul.ai) in improving Arabic vocabulary and grammar
accuracy; and (2) determining how the integration of AI can facilitate a deeper, contextual understanding of
Hadith narratives. The research questions seek to ask: (1) How effectively do current AI applications enhance
NNAS students’ Arabic vocabulary and grammatical accuracy? (2) What are the perceived benefits and
challenges of integrating AI for understanding the contextual nuances of Sunnah texts? The scope and limitations
of this qualitative study focus on the content analysis of specific AI applications. Nonetheless, the contribution
of this study is significant: it offers practical pedagogical insights for integrating AI into Islamic education
curricula, informs public policy on educational technology adoption, and adds to the academic discipline by
empirically validating the application of digital hermeneutics for religious texts (Ahmad et al., 2024; Hassan &
Ahmad, 2021). The critical analysis of AI's current capabilities against the specialized requirements of Hadith
study provides a necessary foundation for future technology development in this crucial field.
The proposed qualitative study is primarily underpinned by the Constructivist Learning Theory and the
Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Constructivism, as highlighted by Vygotsky, emphasizes that learners
actively construct knowledge and meaning, suggesting that AI tools can serve as potent Zone of Proximal
Development (ZPD) enhancers, providing adaptive scaffolding for non-native Arabic speakers (NNAS) to master
complex Hadith texts (Mulyanto et al., 2024). TAM is crucial for critically analysing user acceptance both by
students and instructor of AI applications, assessing the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness in
improving Arabic proficiency (Hassan & Ahmad, 2021). Relevant prior findings consistently demonstrate AI’s
effectiveness in fast-tracking vocabulary acquisition and grammatical accuracy in foreign language learning,
particularly through interactive Natural Language Processing (NLP) and intelligent tutoring systems (Chen &
Chen, 2023). However, the conceptual definitions are crucial: AI is defined functionally as interactive tools (e.g.,
alminasa.ai, usul.ai) facilitating language practice; Arabic language skills refer to the four core competencies;
and Prophetic Sunnah Texts are defined as complex religious texts requiring deep contextual and hermeneutic
understanding, going beyond mere literal translation.
The primary gap in previous literature that this study seeks to fill lies in the application domain and depth of
analysis. While many studies validate AI for general language learning (Al-Radaideh et al., 2024), there is a
significant scarcity of qualitative research that specifically explores how AI can facilitate the specialized
contextual understanding required for classical Islamic texts like the Sunnah (Ahmad et al., 2024). Previous
studies rarely move past basic linguistic skills to address the hermeneutic challenges. The Conceptual Framework
for this study is thus structured based on this gap: it links the input (AI Tools and Features, grounded in TAM) to
the process (Enhanced Arabic Skills, informed by Constructivism), culminating in the desired outcome (Deeper
Understanding of Prophetic Sunnah Texts). This framework allows for a critical analysis of the current limitations
of generic AI models when dealing with the nuanced, high-context linguistic demands of religious heritage texts
(Mohamad & Omar, 2020).
METHODOLOGY
The study employed a qualitative design focused on document analysis to investigate the utility of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) in enhancing Arabic language skills for understanding Sunnah texts. The study population was
comprised of authentic Prophetic Sunnah texts related to dhikr and du'a. The sample consisted of three selected
Hadith texts (Sahih Muslim) chosen via cluster random sampling to represent typical short supplication and
longer remembrance phrases. Data was collected solely through document analysis, utilizing two AI-powered
Islamic research platforms, usul.ai and al-minasa.ai, as the primary instruments. The validity of these instruments
is supported by their foundation in extensive Islamic scholarly works and open-source data (usul.ai has over
15,000 texts and 8,000 books from Al-Maktaba Al-Shamela and OpenITI) and their focus on Hadith science (al-
minasa.ai). The comparative analysis of the AI outputs versus established reference translations (Kitab Perisai
Page 71
www.rsisinternational.org
5
th
International Conference on Islamic Contemporary Issues and Management 2025
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | ISSN: 2454-6186
DOI: 10.47772/I0JRISS | ICICM 2025 - Conference Proceedings | Volume IX Issue XXIX November 2025
11
Muslim) was performed using thematic analysis within the qualitative framework, identifying patterns in
translation accuracy and semantic integrity.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the document analysis comparing the AI-generated translations with established Islamic texts, the
study's findings describe the potential and accuracy of AI platforms in translating Prophetic Sunnah texts. The
research design was qualitative, focusing on document analysis as the data collection method. Specifically, the
study analysed selected Hadith texts and the translations generated by the AI platform usul.ai. The translations
were then benchmarked against the established translations found in the book Kitab Perisai Muslim.
Arabic Text
(Matan/Teks)
AI Translation (usul.ai)
Reference Translation
(Kitab Perisai Muslim)







ī§”








(Narrated by Muslim:
591)
"I seek forgiveness from Allah" or "I ask
Allah to forgive my sins"
ā€œI seek Your forgiveness, O Allahā€
The comparison revealed a high degree of fidelity in the AI translation of short supplication phrases. For the
phrase "






ī§”







" (Hadith No. 591, Sahih Muslim), the AI platform usul.ai translated it as: "I seek forgiveness
from Allah" or "I ask Allah to forgive my sins", which closely aligns with the reference translation: ā€œI seek Your
forgiveness, O Allahā€.
Arabic Text
(Matan/Teks)
Reference Translation (Kitab Perisai
Muslim)




ī§›

ī¦­ī¦Ž



ī¦—ī˜ƒī£¬

ī§”

ī§¼

ī¦“ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒ



ī§Ø

ī§£



ī§”

ī§¼

ī¦“ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒ



ī§§

ī¦ƒī˜ƒī˜„

ī§¢



ī§ ī§Ÿī¦
ī˜‘

ī§”ī¦



ī§›

ī§¹ī¦



ī§

ī§¼



ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒī¦

ī¦«ī˜ƒī¦Žī§³
(Narrated by Muslim: 592)
ā€œO Allah, You are free from all defects,
from You is (derived) peace, blessed are
You O Allah, Lord of Majesty and
Honor.ā€
For longer Hadith texts (No. 592 and No. 593, Sahih Muslim), the AI translation captured the core theological
meaning effectively. For example, the Hadith "

ī§”ī¦



ī§›

ī§¹ī¦



ī§

ī§¼



ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒī¦

ī¦«ī˜ƒī¦Žī§³ī˜ƒ



ī§›

ī¦­ī¦Ž



ī¦—ī˜ƒī˜‘

ī§”

ī§¼

ī¦“ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒ



ī§Ø

ī§£



ī§”

ī§¼

ī¦“ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒ



ī§§

ī¦ƒī˜ƒī˜„

ī§¢



ī§ ī§Ÿī¦" (Hadith No. 592),
usul.ai translated it as "O Allah, You are the source of peace, and from You comes peace. Blessed are You, O
Possessor of majesty and honor.ā€ This AI output is comparable in essence to the reference text, which emphasizes
God as the source of peace and free from defects.
Arabic Text
(Matan/Teks)
AI Translation (usul.ai)
Reference Translation (Kitab
Perisai Muslim)




ī§ 



ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒī£µī§Ŗ

ī§Ÿī˜ƒī˜‘ī£µī§Ŗ











ī§©










ī§»

ī¦‡ī˜ƒ

ī§Ŗ



ī¦‡ī˜ƒ

ī§»
ī˜ƒī˜„

ī§¢



ī§ ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒī˜‘





ī§—ī˜ƒ



ī§²




ī§ž

ī§›ī˜ƒī§°

ī§ 

ī§‹ī˜ƒ

ī§®

ī§«







ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒī£µī§Ŗ



ī§­
ī˜ƒī˜‘





ī§£ī˜ƒī¦Ž





ī§²

ī§„





ī§»

ī§­ī˜ƒī˜‘



ī§„

ī§‹

ī¦ƒī˜ƒī¦Ž







ī§§ī¦Ž



ī§»




ī§”

ī§Ø



ī§»

ī§­ī˜‘ī¦Ŗī¦ ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒ



ī§Ø








ī§Ÿī¦ī˜ƒī¦


(Narrated by Muslim: 593)
ā€œThere is no God (worthy of worship)
except Allah, the One, He has no
partner. To Him belongs the Kingdom
and to Him is all praise, and He is over
all things competent. O Allah! No one
can withhold what You grant, and no
one can give what You withhold, and
no wealth or status benefits a person
in Your sight (except through deeds
and Your mercy).ā€
ā€œThere is no God worthy of worship
except Allah the One, He has no
partner, to Him belongs the
dominion and praise, and He has
power over everything. O Allah,
there is none to withhold what You
have given, and none to give what
You have withheld, and wealth
(lineage, power) with its excellence
is of no avail against Your power.ā€
Similarly, the AI provided a comprehensive translation for the longer remembrance (Hadith No. 593), including
the declaration of God's Oneness and sovereignty, and the acknowledgment that no one can withhold what God
grants, which is consistent with the established reference translation.
The study's findings, which describe the potential and accuracy of AI platforms in translating Prophetic Sunnah
Page 72
www.rsisinternational.org
5
th
International Conference on Islamic Contemporary Issues and Management 2025
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | ISSN: 2454-6186
DOI: 10.47772/I0JRISS | ICICM 2025 - Conference Proceedings | Volume IX Issue XXIX November 2025
11
texts, offer crucial points for comparison, theoretical explanation, and implication. The high fidelity observed in
the AI-generated translations of dhikr and du'a compares favorably with previous findings that validated AI's
effectiveness in enhancing vocabulary and grammatical accuracy in foreign language acquisition (Chen & Chen,
2023). Specifically, the AI’s ability to capture the core theological meaning, even in longer texts, aligns with
studies supporting the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools for initial comprehension of classical
Arabic (Al-Radaideh et al., 2024). However, a critical difference lies in the specialized context: while general
studies focus on conversational or modern texts, this study demonstrates that AI can handle the specific, high-
context linguistic demands of the Sunnah with comparable accuracy to established reference translations, a
domain previously seen as highly resistant to full automation (Mohamad & Omar, 2020).
Theoretically, these findings are logically explained through the combined lens of the Constructivist Learning
Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The AI-generated translations, which offer multiple close
interpretations of phrases like "






ī§”







", provide adaptive scaffolding (a key Constructivist principle) by making
the source text immediately accessible and comprehensible. This accessibility enhances the learner's perceived
usefulness (a key TAM component), making them more willing to actively construct their own theological
understanding from the 'scaffolded' translation. The immediate, high-quality translation acts as a powerful
cognitive tool, reducing the initial linguistic hurdle and enabling the learner to focus on deeper, contextual
interpretation.
The implications of these findings are significant for practice, policy, and theory. Practically, the high accuracy
of AI translations suggests that these platforms can be integrated into Arabic language curricula as effective,
immediate supplementary tools for NNAS students, accelerating access to Islamic sources. For policy, these
results encourage institutional leaders to formulate strategies for the ethical adoption of AI in religious education,
moving beyond skepticism towards leveraging technology for pedagogical enhancement. Theoretically, the study
contributes new evidence to the Constructivist model by validating AI as an effective digital mediator for
hermeneutic learning within specialized religious studies. The novel finding and key contribution of this study is
the empirical demonstration of AI's capability to deliver semantically reliable, near-reference translations of core
Sahih Muslim dhikr and du'a texts, thereby lowering the linguistic barrier to authentic Islamic knowledge for a
global audience.
CONCLUSION
The main conclusion of this study is that AI platforms demonstrate significant potential and accuracy in
translating Prophetic Sunnah texts, specifically dhikr and du'a from Sahih Muslim. The high fidelity of the AI
translations, which closely align with established reference texts like Kitab Perisai Muslim, empirically
demonstrates AI's capability to deliver semantically reliable, near-reference translations, thereby lowering the
linguistic barrier to authentic Islamic knowledge for a global audience. Theoretically, these accurate translations
act as adaptive scaffolding (Constructivist Learning Theory) which enhances the learner's perceived usefulness
of the technology (Technology Acceptance Model, TAM). Consequently, the findings imply that AI platforms
can be effectively integrated into Arabic language curricula as immediate supplementary tools for non-native
speakers, accelerating access to and facilitating deeper, contextual comprehension of Islamic sources.
REFERENCES
1. Mulyanto, D., Wahyudi, M., Ridho, A. M. A., & Zaki, M. (2024). Utilization of artificial intelligence with
text-to-speech technology based on natural language processing to enhance arabic listening skills for non-
native speakers. Alsinatuna, 10(1), 44-58.
2. El Zahraa, F. (2025). Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies to Enhance
Sociolinguistic Competence and Arabic Language Skills. In Proceeding of the International Conference
on Religious Education and Cross-Cultural Understanding (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 33-49).
3. Hassan, F., & Ahmad, S. (2021). Pedagogical Challenges in Teaching Hadith to Non-Arabic Speakers
and the Potential Role of Technology. Islamic Education Review, 10(1), 45-60.
4. Ahmad, Z., Khan, M. J., & Al-Ani, A. (2024). AI-Based Adaptive Learning Systems in Tertiary Arabic
Education: Effectiveness and User Perception. Computers & Education: Artificial Intelligence, 5, 100155.
Page 73
www.rsisinternational.org
5
th
International Conference on Islamic Contemporary Issues and Management 2025
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | ISSN: 2454-6186
DOI: 10.47772/I0JRISS | ICICM 2025 - Conference Proceedings | Volume IX Issue XXIX November 2025
11
5. Mohamad, I., & Omar, Z. (2020). Analysing the Use of Machine Translation in Understanding Religious
Texts: A Critical Approach. Journal of Digital Islamic Studies, 7(3), 11-28.
6. Chen, L., & Chen, J. (2023). The Adaptive Role of AI in Improving Grammatical Accuracy and Fluency
in Foreign Language Learning. Computers & Education, 198, 104789.
7. Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE
Publications.
8. Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice. SAGE
Publications.
9. Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & SaldaƱa, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook.
SAGE Publications.
10. Zaidan, A., & Abdullah, M. (2020). The role of NLP tools in enhancing Arabic language learning for non-
native speakers. International Journal of Language, Linguistics and Literature, 8(2), 25-38.