INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS)
ISSN No. 2454-6186 | DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS | Volume IX Issue XXX December 2025 | Special Issue
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The Impact of Knowledge and Exposure to Mutawatir Qiraat on
Fiqh Laws among Islamic Scholars in Terengganu
Mohd A’Tarahim Mohd Razali, Hussein Ali Abdullah al-Thulaia, Norhafizi Yusof, Abdillah Hisham
Abd Wahab,
Mohd Faiz Hakimi Mat Idris, Sofyuddin Yusof
Pensyarah Kanan di Pusat Pengajian Al-Quraan & Al-Sunnah, Fakulti Kontemporari Islam, UNISZA
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.930000024
Received: 10 December 2025; Accepted: 16 December 2025; Published: 25 December 2025
ABSTRACT
The Quran is a guide for Muslims that contains a thousand comprehensive instructions and guidance that can
regulate human life in this world and the hereafter. It is a unique heavenly book where its structure,
arrangement and content are Divine revelations that have been preserved and guaranteed throughout time. The
historical sequence shows the disagreements in the reading of the Quran starting from the time of the Prophet
S.A.W until the time of the Tabi'in and ending in the time of Ibn al-Jazari who succeeded in collecting ten
Qiraats that have mutawatir status. The phenomenon of the Quran as the greatest miracle of the end-time
people is apparently like a magnet that always attracts human interest to study and examine the content of its
meaning and truth. Therefore, the overall results of this study show a significant impact on the confusion about
the implications of wajh qiraat on fiqh law among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. The findings of this study
show that all factors based on the fiqh relevance factor (0.93) have the highest impact, followed by the
exposure factor (0.89), difference (0.80), role (0.55), aspect of difference (0.54), qiraat fuqaha (0.49), exposure
of knowledge (0.43), sharing of knowledge (0.41) and knowledge (0.32). This effectiveness shows that the
factors of difference, role, relevance of fiqh, qiraat fuqaha, exposure, information, aspect of difference,
scientists, exposure of knowledge and sharing of knowledge, are very important in influencing the knowledge
and understanding of Qiraat.
Keywords: Knowledge, Exposure, Fiqh Law, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
INTRODUCTION
Qiraat mutawatir refers to the recitation of the Qur'an that is transmitted continuously and consecutively
through the narration of many narrators so that it is impossible for them to agree on a lie; it maintains the
recognized variations of the reading (lafz, harakat, izhar, and morphological variations) that sometimes change
the nuances of the meaning of the text. In the fiqh tradition, these variations of meaning can affect the istinbat
of law - especially in verses that are the evidence for a religious or muamalah law. Modern studies show a
close relationship between the understanding of qiraat and the legal output by jurists. Based on a literature
study and several local studies, the pattern of exposure to qiraat knowledge in Terengganu can be described as
follows: (1) pondok institutions, madrasahs and universities (for example UniSZA and state religious
institutions) teach qiraat but the practical focus is more on tilawah; (2) teaching qiraat methodology in the
context of usul al-fiqh and tafsir is still not universal; (3) there is an initiative to study Terengganu manuscripts
that display local reading traditions, helping to put the historical context of reading in this state. Local
manuscript studies also show the existence of variations of reading that can provide input to local tafsir and
fiqh.
The impact of mutawatir recitation on fiqh law occurs through several main mechanisms:
1) Vowelisation and morphological changes in lexical meaning: Reading differences affecting vowels or
hamzahs can change the meaning of a verse (a common example in the debate on ablution or hudud) -
thus opening up or limiting legal arguments. Studies have shown that differences in qiraat can produce
variations in interpretation that are relevant for ijtihad.
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2) Syntactic differences in general/special variations: Changes in the structure of a reading can change
whether a text is general (amm) or special (khass), and this has implications for who the law applies to.
The literature shows the important role of qiraat in this issue.
3) The relationship between qiraat, tafsir and hadith: Mutawatir qiraat reinforces a particular reading that
is also reinforced by the narrations of the sunnah; when in sync with the hadith or practice of the salaf,
the reading becomes a strong basis for inferring legal rules. Methodological studies have emphasized
this relationship and the importance of evaluating qiraat alongside other sources.
Based on a synthesis of local and regional studies, several real implications can be identified:
1) The quality of ijtihad increases when scholars master qiraat: Scholars who understand the variations in
reading are able to refer to texts with a wider scope of meaning - producing more argumentative and
contextual fatwas. Studies in the region show a positive correlation between mastery of qiraat and the
fluency of fiqh arguments.
2) Changes in attitudes towards the diversity of school views: Exposure to qiraat encourages caution and
appreciation for differences of opinion (ikhtilaf) as scholars are aware that the texts themselves contain
variations. This softens the tendency to homogenize local law on non-
3) Practical challenges - confusion and misapplication: Confusion arises when teaching qiraat is only
recitation without a background in usul and tafsir - encouraging literal interpretation of readings that
may not convey different legal meanings. Local studies report moderate levels of mastery and
recommendations for strengthening usul al-qiraat education.
4) The issue of determining the source text for fatwas: In the presence of different qiraats that are both
mutawatir, scholars need to choose a methodological approach (e.g. choosing a more authentic reading
according to the sanad, or a reading that is consistent with classical Arabic customs) - this decision has
a direct impact on fiqh decisions. Theoretical studies discuss these criteria.
Mutawatir qiraat has clear implications for the process of ijtihad and the determination of fiqh law. In
Terengganu, exposure to solid qiraat knowledge has the potential to improve the quality of fiqh arguments and
foster an attitude of openness to disagreement, while superficial exposure or focusing only on tilawah can lead
to confusion and inaccurate application of law. To maximize benefits, there needs to be integration of qiraat
education with usul fiqh, documentation of local reading traditions, and specific training for fatwa issuers.
Therefore, this study identifies the effectiveness of knowledge and exposure on confusion about the
implications of wajh qiraat on fiqh law among Islamic scholars in Terengganu.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research method used is quantitative and uses research instruments that have been adapted according to
the suitability of factors Difference, Role, Relevance of Fiqh, Qiraat of the Fuqaha, Disclosure, Information,
Aspects of Difference, Scientists, Disclosure Knowledge and Knowledge Sharing and Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Data were analyzed using
Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of the IBM-SPSS-AMOS version 24.0 program. SEM is
formed with two (2) main models namely Measurement Model and Structural Model. Before the SEM test is
performed, an adaptation test should be conducted to ensure that the indicators tested truly represent the
construct being measured (Chik, Abdullah, Ismail & Mohd Noor, 2024; Chik & Abdullah, 2022; Hair et al.,
2006; Schumacker & Lomax, 2004).
FINDINGS
There are two (2) types of output when running the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) procedure, namely
graphic output and text output. The graphical output produces standardized regression values and
unstandardized regression values between constructs. Running the SEM procedure produces standardized
regression values and unstandardized regression values.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS)
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Figure 1. Standardized Regression Values
The R
2
value for the Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) is 0.66. This
shows 10 predictor constructs in the model (one headed arrow) which are Difference (DF), Role (RO),
Relevance of Fiqh (RF), Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF), Disclosure (DI), Information (IF), Aspects of Difference
(AD), Scientists (SC), Disclosure Knowledge (DK) and Knowledge Sharing (KS) contributed as much as 66
percent (%) to Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among the
population in this study.
Figure 2. Unstandardized Regression Values
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS)
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The regression equation for Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) is:
CIWQFL = 0.80DF + 0.55RO + 0.93RF + 0.49QF + 0.89DI + 0.32IF + 0.54AD + 0.40SC + 0.43DK +
0.41KS (R
2
= 0.66 = 66 %).
Based on Figure 2 above, the double-headed arrow is the correlation value between two independent variables
and the result of this correlation value indicates that the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model that was
built is valid based on the construct, because there is no multicollinearity problem.
1. The correlation between two independent, namely the correlation between Difference (DF) with Role
(RO) results in a value of 0.68, with Relevance of Fiqh (RF) results in a value of 0.61, with Qiraat of
the Fuqaha (QF) results in a value of 0.70, with Disclosure (DI) results in a value of 0.61, with
Information (IF) results in a value of 0.12, with Aspects of Difference (AD) results in a value of -0.39,
with Scientists (SC) results in a value of -0.29, with Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of
0.24 and with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a value of 0.26.
2. Correlation between Role (RO) with Relevance of Fiqh (RF) results in a value of 0.61, with Qiraat of
the Fuqaha (QF) results in a value of 0.65, with Disclosure (DI) results in a value of 0.52, with
Information (IF) results in a value of 0.09, with Aspects of Difference (AD) results in a value of -0.23,
with Scientists (SC) results in a value of -0.31, with Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of
0.16 and with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a value of 0.20.
3. Correlation between Relevance of Fiqh (RF) with Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) results in a value of 0.68,
with Disclosure (DI) results in a value of 0.53, with Information (IF) results in a value of -0.13, with
Aspects of Difference (AD) results in a value of -0.26, with Scientists (SC) results in a value of -0.24,
with Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of 0.23 and with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results
in a value of 0.28.
4. Correlation between Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) with Disclosure (DI) results in a value of 0.62, with
Information (IF) results in a value of -0.06, with Aspects of Difference (AD) results in a value of -0.17,
with Scientists (SC) results in a value of -0.16, with Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of
0.18 and with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a value of 0.17.
5. Correlation between Disclosure (DI) with Information (IF) results in a value of -0.17, with Aspects of
Difference (AD) results in a value of -0.17, with Scientists (SC) results in a value of -0.19, with
Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of 0.10 and with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a
value of 0.21.
6. Correlation between Information (IF) with Aspects of Difference (AD) results in a value of 0.63, with
Scientists (SC) results in a value of 0.69, with Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of 0.21
and with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a value of 0.16.
7. Correlation between Aspects of Differences (AD) with Scientists (SC) results in a value of 0.63, with
Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of 0.18 and with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a
value of 0.16.
8. Correlation between Scientists (SC) with Disclosure Knowledge (DK) results in a value of 0.24 and
with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a value of 0.10.
9. Correlation between Disclosure Knowledge (DK) with Knowledge Sharing (KS) results in a value of
0.05.
Table 1 from Figure 2 above, shows the results of direct effect hypothesis testing for Difference (DF), Role
(RO), Relevance of Fiqh (RF), Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF), Disclosure (DI), Information (IF), Aspects of
Difference (AD), Scientists (SC), Disclosure Knowledge (DK) and Knowledge Sharing (KS) (independent
variable) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) (dependent variable).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS)
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Table 1 Hypothesis of Direct Effect Between Constructs
Direct Effects Hypothesis
P
Decision
H
1
: Difference (DF) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of Wajh
Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
H
2
: Role (RO) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat
on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
H
3
: Relevance of Fiqh (RF) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
H
4
: Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
H
5
: Disclosure (DI) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of Wajh
Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
H
6
: Information (IF) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of Wajh
Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
H
7
: Aspects of Difference (AD) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications
of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
0.016
Supported
H
8
: Scientists (SC) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of Wajh
Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
0.029
Supported
H
9
: Disclosure Knowledge (DK) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications
of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
H
10
: Knowledge Sharing (KS) has a significant effect Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL).
***
Supported
Analysis Effect of Difference (DF) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 2 below shows that Difference (DF) has a significant effect
on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated regression weight
0.800, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.800, S. E. = 0.100, C. R. = 8.003, Label =
Significant). The results of this study show that Difference (DF) has a positive and significant effect on
Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore, when Difference (DF)
increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.800 units on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat
on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore, the testing of hypothesis H
1
in this
study is supported based on the observed data.
Table 2 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Difference (DF) on Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
DF
0.800
0.100
8.003
***
Significant
Analysis Effect of Role (RO) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 3 below shows that Role (RO) has a significant effect on
Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated regression weight
( 0.545, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.545, S. E. = 0.154, C. R. = 3.534, Label =
Significant). The results of this study show that Role (RO) has a positive and significant effect on Confusion
about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore, when Role (RO) increases by 1
unit, an increase also occurs by 0.545 units on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore, the testing of hypothesis H
2
in this study is
supported based on the observed data.
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Table 3 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Difference (DF) on Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
RO
0.545
0.154
3.534
***
Significant
Analysis Effect of Relevance of Fiqh (RF) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh
Law (CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 4 below shows that Relevance of Fiqh (RF) has a
significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated
0.927, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.927, S. E. = 0.054, C. R. = 17.239,
Label = Significant). The results of this study show that Relevance of Fiqh (RF) has a positive and significant
effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore, when
Relevance of Fiqh (RF) increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.927 units on Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore, the
testing of hypothesis H
3
in this study is supported based on the observed data.
Table 4 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Relevance of Fiqh (RF) on Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
RF
0.927
0.054
17.239
***
Significant
Analysis Effect of Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on
Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 5 below shows that Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) has a
significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated
0.491, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.491, S. E. = 0.039, C. R. = 12.724,
Label = Significant). The results of this study show that Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) has a positive and
significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore,
when Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.491 units on Confusion about
the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore,
the testing of hypothesis H
4
in this study is supported based on the observed data.
Table 5 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Qiraat of the Fuqaha (QF) on Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
QF
0.491
0.039
12.724
***
Significant
Analysis Effect of Disclosure (DI) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 6 below shows that Disclosure (DI) has a significant effect
on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated regression weight
0.894, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.894, S. E. = 0.114, C. R. = 7.813, Label =
Significant). The results of this study show that Disclosure (DI) has a positive and significant effect on
Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore, when Disclosure (DI)
increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.894 units on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat
on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore, the testing of hypothesis H
5
in this
study is supported based on the observed data.
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Table 6 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Disclosure (DI) on Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
DI
0.894
0.114
7.813
***
Significant
Analysis Effect of Information (IF) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 7 below shows that Information (IF) has a significant effect
on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated regression weight
0.320, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.320, S. E. = 0.060, C. R. = 5.358, Label =
Significant). The results of this study show that Information (IF) has a positive and significant effect on
Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore, when Information (IF)
increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.320 units on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat
on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore, the testing of hypothesis H
6
in this
study is supported based on the observed data.
Table 7 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Information (IF) on Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
IF
0.320
0.060
5.358
***
Significant
Analysis Effect of Aspects of Difference (AD) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on
Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 8 below shows that Aspects of Difference (AD) has a
significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated
0.543, the significance level is 0.016 (Estimate = 0.543, S. E. = 0.226, C. R. = 2.403,
Label = Significant). The results of this study show that Aspects of Difference (AD) has a positive and
significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore,
when Aspects of Difference (AD) increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.543 units on Confusion
about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu.
Therefore, the testing of hypothesis H
7
in this study is supported based on the observed data.
Table 8 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Aspects of Difference (AD) on Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
AD
0.543
0.226
2.403
0.016
Significant
Analysis Effect of Scientists (SC) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 9 below shows that Scientists (SC) has a significant effect
on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated regression weight
0.399, the significance level is 0.029 (Estimate = 0.399, S. E. = 0.183, C. R. = 2.180, Label =
Significant). The results of this study show that Scientists (SC) has a positive and significant effect on
Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore, when Scientists (SC)
increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.399 units on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat
on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore, the testing of hypothesis H
8
in this
study is supported based on the observed data.
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Table 9 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Scientists (SC) on Confusion about the Implications of
Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
SC
0.399
0.183
2.180
0.029
Significant
Analysis Effect of Disclosure Knowledge (DK) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on
Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 10 below shows that Disclosure Knowledge (DK) has a
Knowledge (DK) has a significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL)0.426, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.426, S.
E. = 0.059, C. R. = 7.232, Label = Significant). The results of this study show that Disclosure Knowledge
(DK) has a positive and significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law
(CIWQFL). Therefore, when Disclosure Knowledge (DK) increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.426
units on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in
Terengganu. Therefore, the testing of hypothesis H
9
in this study is supported based on the observed data.
Table 10 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Disclosure Knowledge (DK) on Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
DK
0.426
0.059
7.232
***
Significant
Analysis Effect of Knowledge Sharing (KS) on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on
Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Based on the analysis of Figure 2 above and Table 11 below shows that Knowledge Sharing (KS) has a
significant effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). The estimated
0.405, the significance level is 0.000 (Estimate = 0.405, S. E. = 0.040, C. R. = 10.084,
Label = Significant). The results of this study show that Knowledge Sharing (KS) has a positive and significant
effect on Confusion about the Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL). Therefore, when
Knowledge Sharing (KS) increases by 1 unit, an increase also occurs by 0.405 units on Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL) among Islamic scholars in Terengganu. Therefore, the
testing of hypothesis H
10
in this study is supported based on the observed data.
Table 11 Regression Coefficient Value, Probability (p) Knowledge Sharing (KS) on Confusion about the
Implications of Wajh Qiraat on Fiqh Law (CIWQFL)
Construct
Construct
Estimate
S. E.
C. R.
P
Label
CIWQFL
<-
KS
0.405
0.040
10.084
***
Significant
CONCLUSION
Overall, the results of the analysis show the effectiveness of the factors of difference, role and relevance of
fiqh and qiraat fuqaha among Islamic scholars in Terengganu, giving a significant impact on the understanding
and implementation of Islamic law. The findings of this study show that the factor of relevance of fiqh is very
impressive (0.93), followed by the factors of disclosure (0.89), difference (0.80), role (0.55), aspects of
difference (0.54), qiraat of the fuqaha (0.49), disclosure knowledge (0.43), knowledge sharing (0.41), scientists
(0.40) and information (0.32). The knowledge of qiraat is not only limited to the aspects of reading and tartil,
but also plays an important role in understanding the meaning of the verses of the Quran which are the basis of
fiqh law (Ibn al-Jazari, al-Nashr fi al--
the wajh of qiraat shows the breadth and flexibility of Islamic law which celebrates the diversity of views of
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (IJRISS)
ISSN No. 2454-6186 | DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS | Volume IX Issue XXX December 2025 | Special Issue
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jurists. This difference reveals the breadth of Allah's mercy in the enactment of laws and gives scholars room
to adapt ijtihad to local realities (al-Qurtubi, al- -Qur'an). In the context of the state of
Terengganu, the role of scholars who understand various wajh qiraat has helped ensure that fatwas and legal
views are produced with deeper arguments, sourced from various texts.
From the perspective of the relevance of fiqh and qiraat, the study found that knowledge of qiraat plays a
(al-Maidah: 6) with
the difference between kasrah and fathah
among jurists - whether it is enough to wipe part of the head or the whole (al--
al-rs in making legal decisions by taking
into account the harmony between the reading, meaning and legal context. In addition, the exposure and
sharing of qiraat knowledge among Islamic scholars in Terengganu still needs to be strengthened so that
confusion regarding the implications of wajh qiraat can be minimized. This confusion often stems from a lack
of knowledge or misinterpretation of the meaning of different readings. Efforts to strengthen the knowledge of
qiraat through tafsir lectures, turath studies, and scientific courses are very important to ensure the continuity
of the authentic and authoritative Islamic scholarly tradition (al-Suyuti, al--
In conclusion, it can be concluded that the knowledge of qiraat has direct implications for the development of
jurisprudence and ijtihad methodology. Islamic scholars in Terengganu who master qiraat are able to
understand legal verses more broadly and deeply, while also producing fatwas and interpretations that are in
line with the maqasid syariah and the context of the local community. Therefore, the integration of qiraat
knowledge in fiqh and usul education needs to be made the main agenda so that future generations of scholars
can continue the tradition of Islamic scholarship that is based on true and balanced understanding.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our heartfelt appreciation to Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Division
Policy, Planning and Research Division & Commercialization Centre (RMIC) UniSZA & Ministry of Higher
Education Malaysia (MOHE).
Funding: The research did not receive financial assistance from any funding entity.
Conflicts of Interest: The author has no conflicts of interest to disclose concerning this study.
Declarations: This manuscript has not been published to any other journal or online sources.
Data Availability: The author has all the data employed in this research and is open to sharing it upon
reasonable request.
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