The advancement of digital technology has transformed how society accesses and reads the Quran, leading to an

increase in the publication of digital mushafs through various platforms such as mobile applications and web

browsers. In Malaysia, the enforcement of the Quranic Text Printing Act 1986 (Amendment 2023) and the

Ministry of Home Affairs (KDN) Guidelines serve as the primary framework for regulating the authenticity and

accuracy of Quranic text publications. This article analyzes the Guidelines for Application for Digital Publication

The digitalization of the Quran is rapidly advancing in line with the daily use of smart devices and mobile

applications by Muslims, and global trends show a significant increase in the adoption of digital mushafs by the

younger generation (Amanullah, 2021; Farid & Rahman, 2022). Unlike printed mushafs, which have been

strictly regulated since 1986, digital mushafs initially operated within a loose regulatory space, leading to issues

of version discrepancies, textual inaccuracies, advertising interference, and visual inconsistencies (Ismail, 2020;

Karim et al., 2021). Recognizing the need for more comprehensive regulation, KDN, through LPPPQ, issued the

Guidelines for Application for Digital Publication of Quranic Texts (2024) as an official reference document for

including visual pedagogical aspects such as tajwid color codes, which have been proven to affect

distribution of Quranic texts. The 2023 amendment expands the scope of the act to digital platforms (online

and offline), audio and video, mobile applications, and all forms of Quranic materials (Jabatan Peguam

ensures the integrity of mushafs in Malaysia. LPPPQ's main tasks include approving correct proofs,

determining permissible rasm and khat, setting requirements for consulting panels, and providing technical

The digitalization of the Quran has become a central focus in contemporary studies as it transforms how Muslims

access, read, and learn the Quran. Previous studies indicate that digital Quran applications enhance accessibility

and facilitate users in reviewing recitations, but also pose challenges in terms of textual accuracy and visual

consistency (Diachenko et al., 2022; She et al., 2021; Alwi et al., 2013). This inconsistency issue is more

pronounced when Quranic texts are displayed across various platforms, where digital versions often differ from

official printed mushafs, posing risks of reading errors and confusion for novice users (Radzid et al., 2023; Md

In the pedagogical context, the use of tajwid color codes has been widely discussed as a visual aid to facilitate

learning Quranic recitation. A study by She et al. (2021) shows that systematic coloring of specific letters and

The main emphasis is on textual accuracy, approval by consulting panels, and adherence to Uthmani rasm,

including for digital platforms and mobile applications (Jabatan Peguam Negara Malaysia, 2023; Kementerian

Dalam Negeri, 2024). However, the literature indicates that visual aspects such as tajwid coloring and digital

rasm standardization are still less formally discussed in legal documents, opening avenues for further research

Previous studies emphasize that the production of digital mushafs not only requires legal and shariah compliance

but also the integration of qiraat scholarship and pedagogical design. This combination is crucial to ensure that

Quranic texts displayed on digital platforms are authentic, consistent, and user-friendly (Diachenko et al., 2022;

2023). This literature review provides the theoretical and conceptual basis for analyzing the KDN 2024

digital mushafs (Radzid et al., 2023; Md Amin et al., 2022). This approach is suitable for studies focusing on

policy analysis and its implications for the visual and pedagogical standardization of digital mushafs

Data was collected through systematic document analysis. Key documents were analyzed according to categories

such as application requirements, textual provisions, translation and tafsir content, audio content, and procedures

and documentation. The analysis also emphasized visual aspects, including the use of Uthmani rasm and tajwid

color codes, to assess the extent to which the guidelines support the standardization of digital mushafs in

Malaysia (Hassan, 2022; Sihes et al., 2023). Researchers took notes, mapped themes, and systematically coded

Data validity was ensured through source triangulation, by referring to official documents from KDN, the

Quranic Text Printing Act, and LPPPQ technical guidelines (Kementerian Dalam Negeri, 2024; Radzid et al.,

2023). The analysis was conducted critically, emphasizing implications for digital mushaf standardization,

shariah compliance, and textual reliability (Traditional to Digital…, 2025; Ismail et al., 2023). This method

allows the study to provide relevant recommendations for improving guidelines and national standards for digital

publishers are required to comply with strict conditions before approval can be granted. Publishers must be

registered with the Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM), wholly owned by Muslims, and have at least

Peguam Negara Malaysia, 2023; Karim & Roslan, 2022). Visual displays other than Arabic are not permitted on

the main text, while colored displays must comply with the Colored Tajwid and Colored Waqaf & Ibtida’

Marking Guidelines (Kementerian Dalam Negeri, 2024; Hassan, 2022; Ayub & Rahman, 2019). The digital page

structure is also clearly defined, including Surah al-Fatihah starting on the right display and the division of juz’

For translation and tafsir content, all translations must obtain JAKIM approval and use Tafsir Pimpinan

arRahman as the primary reference. Such translations must be accompanied by the Arabic text and cannot be

published as translations only (Kementerian Dalam Negeri, 2024; Al-Azami, 2003). Furthermore, audio content

of Quranic recitation must use the Hafs ‘an ‘Asim narration as the standard; other narrations are permitted but

The application procedure requires complete documentation, including copies of identity cards, SSM documents,

appointment of consulting panels, JAKIM approval (if applicable), consulting panel proof reports (Form B1),

and five copies of the final digital application proof (Kementerian Dalam Negeri, 2024; Hamid & Yusuf, 2023).

Roslan, 2022). The emphasis on textual accuracy proves that the regulation of digital publications is not merely

a formality, but a strategic effort to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of the content (Hamid & Yusuf, 2023;

the lack of national standards potentially affects the pedagogical consistency of tajwid, complicates matters for

novice users, and disrupts coordination between printed and digital mushafs (Hassan, 2022; Ayub & Rahman,

2019; Omar & Aziz, 2019). This issue poses a challenge in ensuring a uniform user experience between digital

Furthermore, the prohibition of non-shariah-compliant advertisements in Quranic applications affirms the

shariah identity of Malaysian digital mushafs. This approach differs from some international applications that

feature random advertisements, which could potentially affect the etiquette of reading the Quran and user

Finally, the expertise of consulting panels is a crucial factor in ensuring textual accuracy and authenticity. The

involvement of qiraat and tahfiz experts not only guarantees textual accuracy but also enhances the credibility

and professionalism of digital mushaf publications (She et al., 2021; Karim & Roslan, 2022; Hamid & Yusuf,

emphasize adherence to Uthmani rasm, textual accuracy, approval by consulting panels, and meticulous

application procedures. This approach enables the production of authentic digital mushafs that align with shariah

However, the study found shortcomings in the aspect of visual standardization, particularly concerning tajwid

color codes and waqaf & ibtida’ markings. This lack of national standards potentially affects pedagogical

uniformity for users, especially students and novice readers who use digital applications as a learning medium.

Therefore, improvements in visual aspects are crucial to ensure that digital mushafs can be harmonized with

The first recommendation is to develop a single national standard for tajwid color codes, with the involvement

of qiraat, tahfiz, and pedagogical experts. This standard should not only consistently define colors and the