INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)

ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025

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Characterization of Pedalium murex L. Seeds for its Antioxidant

Activity.

Dr. Manoj Kumar Meena

Department of Botany, M.S.J. Govt. P.G. College, Bharatpur, Rajasthan (India)

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2025.1210000164

Received: 10 October 2025; Accepted: 18 October 2025; Published: 13 November 2025

ABSTRACT

Pedalium murex L. (family: Pedaliaceae) is a common medicinal plant in the Indian system of Medicine used

in the treatment of renal diseases, digestive tonics, ulcers, fevers, wounds and other disorders, as they possess

antioxidant activity. In the present study of Pedalium murex was selected depending upon its availability and

its use in curing various health ailments for antioxidant studies. In vitro antioxidant study the most common

method is the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The plant has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-

microbial and anti-diabetic effects. Ethno-medicinal plants play a vibrant role in inhibiting different disorders

in human-beings and cattle. The goal of these studies is to discover an effective treatment for a variety of

illnesses that are prevalent in today

’

s society, as well as a way to postpone the signs of aging.

Keywords: Ailment, Antioxidant, Activity, DPPH, Pedalium murex.

INTRODUCTION

Plants can synthesize a wide variety of chemical compounds that are used to perform important biological

functions and to defend against attack from predators such as insects, fungi and herbivorous mammals. Most

antioxidants are particularly rich in phenolic compounds, vitamins and carotenoids. All over the world, human

beings are suffering from various disorders. This plant is safe and healthy to eat, is also utilized for drug

development and is a top-level scavenging wildflower. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the

bioactive antioxidant activity of the fruit extract of Pedalium murex. Results show that fruit extract is more

potent and is used as a powerful antioxidant and chemotherapeutic medicine. Thus antioxidants are naturally

stirring in the medicinal plant, leaves, vegetables and roots that have protective mechanisms and protect from

various diseases. In the present investigations, fruit showed a better amount of antioxidant activity in dose-

dependent manner. Consequently, highest DPPH inhibition activity was found at 100μl concentration.

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

Chemicals and Instruments- DPPH free radicals were procured from Sigma Aldrich. Sodium carbonate,

Sodium phosphate, potassium ferricyanide, ammonium molybdate, standard rutin, ascorbic acid and gallic

acid, 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA), Follin-Ciocateu and H

O (30%, v/v). All

other chemicals and solvents were analytical grade. The absorbance measurements were recorded using the

ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.

Procedure

For DPPH analysis, Brand-Williams et al.(1995) method was utilized. 100 ml conc. methanol was added to 10

gm sample (10:1) and incubated at 37°C temp for 24hrs. After this the above sample was filtered in a Petri

plate for drying. Methanol was added to the dry crude extract plate according to 1mg/ml and was collected in

an Eppendorf tube. Different concentrations were taken ranging from 10 to 100 µl of sample and the final

volume was made up to1 ml with methanol. To the above solution, 1 ml of DPPH was added (0.01gm in 100

ml methanol) in all series one by one and was mixed properly, and incubated in the dark for 30 min. Blank

used was 1.5 ml methanol and the control used was methanol + DPPH (1:1) and absorbance was taken at 517

nm.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)

ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025

Page 1866

www.rsisinternational.org

The DPPH scavenging activity was calculated in percentage by following formula:

(AB -AS)

% inhibition of DPPH = × 100

(Here- AB

blank absorbance and AS

sample absorbance.)

RESULT

The chloroform extract doesn’t show antioxidant activity, whereas the ethanol extracts showed notable

antioxidant activity. The Pedalium murex fruit extracts significantly possessed Glycosides, Flavonoids,

Phenols, Tannins and Carbohydrates. Radical scavenging activities of this plant were determined by DPPH

assays at different concentrations. The fruit part showed maximum scavenging activity at 100µl concentration.

From the result it was evident that the plant showed good antioxidant activity with dose dependent manner.

Accordingly, antioxidant activity was directly proportional to the concentration of the plant sample. The fruit

part showed 43.46% DPPH highest activity at 100µl concentration.

Table- 1 DPPH activity of Pedalium murex fruit

Sample Concentration

% DPPH inhibition activity

10µl

0.769±0.19

20µl

2.56±0.66

30µl

8.84±1.85

40µl

10.51±2.34

50µl

17.95±1.17

60µl

25.51±2.25

70µl

31.79±3.10

80µl

32.43±4.03

90µl

36.92±0.57

100µl

43.46±2.85

DPPH activity of Pedalium murex Fruit

CONCLUSION

In conclusion it could be concluded that the Pedalium merex preliminarily passed for antioxidant activity.

Results of the present study show that the selected plant contains the highest amount of antioxidant activity.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)

ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025

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Therefore, the plants can be further harnessed for novel activity to inhibit cellular damage/bio-active

compounds which is very well demonstrated by the current effort.

Pedalium murex

Medicinal Properties-

Pedalium murex is a traditional medicine used to treat reproductive diseases especially in men, leucorrhoea and

gonorrhea of women, nocturnal emissions, gastrointestinal tract diseases, and urinary tract diseases. Tribal

people informed that leaves give more positive results for the treatment of bone fractures, ulcers, splenic

enlargement dysuria and diarrhoea, as well as leaves decoction prevents diabetes mellitus. Aqueous solution of

the entire plant is used as a blood purifier, aphrodisiac, tonic, diuretic and improves bladder stone, appetite,

urinary discharges, asthma, skin problems, cardiac diseases, cough, spermatorrhoea, leprosy, piles, vesicular

calculi, pain, strangury, stomachic, emmenagogue, lumbago, impotency, more urination, appetizer, and gleet.

In addition it is also used to raise blood flow during menopause and is effective for gargling in painful gums

and mouth problems. The whole plant is given to treat diarrhoea, cold, stomachic, intestinal infections,

headache, dysentery, cough etc.

Importance of the present Investigation-

Pedalium murex plays an important role in preventing various ailments in humans and cattle. The outcome of

this research work will reflect the system of updating the information that provides inducement for appropriate

estimation of the plants as a therapeutic agent, in contrast to many human ailments. It is very essential for

pharmaceutical chemists, phyto-chemists, pharmaceuticals, and Entrepreneurs who are engaged in the medical

Industries. Due to the availability of the secondary metabolites as stated above, they help in the form of anti-

diuretic, anti-analgesic, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-malarial, anti-fungal, and anti-inflammatory activities. The

antioxidant examination of the significant herbal plants is vital and has gained significant attention in both

study and drug companies for making new medicines for treating numerous fatal diseases. The significant

characteristics of antioxidants are recognized in this investigation and will be beneficial in various disorders in

the present area of research.

Conflicts of interest – The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement- The authors are thankful to the Department of Botany, M.S.J. Govt. P.G. College,

Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India, for offering laboratory facilities to carry out this study.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)

ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025

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