INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)
ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025
Page 4140
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Developing a Reading Material to Improve the Writing Skills of the
Polytechnic College Students
Dr. S. Valliammai
1
, S. Subhaa Sri
2
1
Assistant Professor, Dept.of English and Foreign Languages, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630003
2
Ph.D Research Scholar and Project Fellow, Dept. of English and Foreign Languages, Alagappa
University, Karaikudi-630003
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2025.1210000355
Received: 06 November 2025; Accepted: 12 November 2025; Published: 24 November 2025
ABSTRACT
The researcher would develop a reading material to improve the writing skills of the Polytechnic students. The
reading material would contain humorous anecdotes as they would motivate and inspire the students to learn
English. At the end of each anecdote the teacher would provide communicative activities such as citation,
simulation, replication, comparison and reflection. While providing these activities the students would be asked
to present their views in writing. The researcher would conduct a pre-test before using the reading material in
the class room in different components of writing skills. After teaching the material for a period of forty five
days, the researcher would conduct a post test in different components of writing skills again. Grammar,
vocabulary, mechanics, style and organization are the different components of writing skills for which
proficiency tests would be constructed. The performance of the students in the writing skills would be
measured and rated with the help of the proficiency descriptions given in Arthur Hughes book entitled Testing
for Language Teachers.
Keywords: Writing Skills, Reading Material, Communicative Activities,
INTRODUCTION OF THE PROPOSED STUDY
The students who join Polytechnic colleges lack communication skills. Especially, they could not write good
English. It may be due to their studies through the mother tongue medium, or it may be due to their rural, poor
background. Hence a technique has to be evolved to set right the problem and to make them write fluent and
flawless English. Many linguists have tried different methods to teach the backward students to write good
English. Hence, the researcher also tried to teach written English using a Reading material accompanied with
different communicative activities such as citation, simulation, replication, comparison and reflection. The
students would be provided with humorous anecdotes. Then they will be asked to simulate and write a passage
of their own. They can also write a passage based on replication. They can compare the anecdote with their
own experience and write a passage. Later, some other small prose passage or poem related to the anecdote
would be given and the students would be asked to reflect or think and provide their opinions.
The sample for this study would be selected from the students studying in the Polytechnic Colleges in
Sivagangai District, Tamilnadu The performance of the students in both the tests would be assessed classifying
them into different groups based on (BC, MBC, SC, &OC) gender (male and female) locality (rural or urban),
parent’s income, student’s medium of instruction at the secondary school level etc. After comparing pre-test
and post-test scores, it is predicted that the reading material (containing humorous anecdotes and
communicative activities) would have improved the writing skills of the students belonging to different
categories.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)
ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025
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REVIEW OF RECENT RESEARCHES
Siham Bouzar and Fodil Cherif (2021) in their article describe how to develop writing skills using literature.
Ahmed Adel Fatah (2020) in his article entitled “Developing EFL Writing Skills through Communicative
Language Teaching for Specific Education Students” stresses the importance of communicative approach in
developing writing skills.
Berrin genc-Ersoy (2022) discusses how to develop the writing skills of elementary school students through
educational games. Chaves varon (2020) analyses how development occurs in writing. Ellen P Empson and
Borong (2022) stress the importance of Meta cognitive strategy in developing writing skills. John Jairo Jara
Milo (2025) has done research on AI powered writing skills. Melor Mdyunus (2020) talks about the
effectiveness of the write stuff module. Md. Rahul Amin (2023) and Shadiyeva Shakhnoza Dotsent (2025)
stress on task based learning Z.Tukhtasinova (2023) mentions the challenges and difficulties in acquiring
writing skills. The researcher wanted to make use of humorous anecdotes to improve the writing skills of the
students in an innovative way. This is entirely a different approach in developing writing skills.
Identification of Research Gap
Writing causes Students to think through topics or defend a position. Through this process, students gain an
understanding of logical thinking and the best way to present their ideas. They learn the difference between
facts and opinions and they learn how to support their ideas with facts. Many people have undertaken
researches on improving the writing skills. Only a very few people have attempted to find a suitable technique
to make the students write flawless English using humorous anecdotes which is an innovative technique to
teach writing skills. As the researcher has added communicative activities such as citation, simulation,
replication, comparison and reflection in teaching writing skills, this technique is a novel one.
Objectives of the Proposed Study
The following are the objectives of the study:
1. To develop a reading material to improve the communicative competence of the Polytechnic College
Students.
2. To find out whether there is any significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of
the students as a whole in different components of writing skills in English.
3. To find out whether there is any significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of
the students in different components of writing skills in English of the Polytechnic College Students
based on the community they belong to.
4. To find out whether there is any significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of
the students in different components of writing skills in English of the Polytechnic College Students
based on the medium of instruction they received at the school level.
5. To find out whether there is any significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of
the students in different components of writing skills in English of the Polytechnic College Students
based on the income of their parents.
6. To find out whether there is any significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of
the students in different components of writing skills in English of the Polytechnic College Students
based on the occupation of their parents.
Major Research Questions / Hypotheses
1. There exists significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of the Polytechnic
College students as a whole in different components of writing skills in English.
2. There exists significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores in different
components of writing skills of the Polytechnic College students irrespective of the community they
belong to.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)
ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025
Page 4142
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3. There exists significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores in different
components of writing skills of the Polytechnic College students irrespective of the medium of
instruction they received at school level.
4. There exists significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores in different
components of writing skills of the Polytechnic College students irrespective of the income of their
parents.
5. There exists significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores in different
components of writing skills of the Polytechnic College students irrespective of the occupation of their
parents.
PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR THE RESEARCH WORK
In experimental studies, random sampling is a technique where each member of a population has an equal and
independent chance of being selected for the sample. This method is used to create an unbiased, representative
sample which helps researchers to generalize findings from the sample to the larger population. In this process,
a number will be assigned to each individual and a random number will be generated to select the sample. In
this study ‘Simple Random Sampling’ technique has been used where each member will have an equal chance
of selection.
Fifteen humorous anecdotes have been selected for this reading material. These humorous anecdotes have been
incorporated with some of the communicative activities such as citation, simulation, replication, role-play,
improvisation and comparison and contrast. Citation is a process in which the teacher provides a model
sentence and the students have to write sentences of their own using the same sentence pattern. Simulation is
nothing but imitation of a situation or process. It is an imitative representation of a process or system that could
exist in the real world. Replication is an activity in which students rewrite the text or obtain opinions of other
students regarding the subject matter. Polytechnic College students were also trained in correct use of stress
and intonation. The reading material was subjected to the group try-outs. On the basis of the analysis of the try-
out, required correction, modification and refinements were carried out. In order to ascertain the content
validity, the views of the language experts were obtained. The reliability of the reading material was confirmed
as the students secured same scores in different tests conducted at different time intervals. The performance of
the students in the writing skills was measured and rated with the help of the proficiency descriptions given in
Arthur Hughes book entitled Teaching for Language Teachers.
Evaluation procedure in this study is based on the scale devised by John Anderson. Five categories of writing
skills are evaluated using five point scale. In the case of grammar one point will be allotted for the writing with
severe errors of grammar. Two points will be allotted for the writing with very frequent errors of grammar.
Three points will be allotted for the writing with frequent errors of grammar. For occasional errors of grammar
in the writing four points will be given. For few errors of grammar in the writing five points will be given.
Similarly, in the case of vocabulary, points will be awarded in the ascending order for the following types:
extreme vocabulary limitation, misuse of vocabulary items, frequent errors in the use of vocabulary, use of
inappropriate words and use of circumlocution. In the case of mechanics points will be awarded in the
ascending order for the following types: severe spelling errors, very frequent spelling errors, frequent spelling
errors, less spelling errors and no spelling error. In the case of fluency points will be awarded in the ascending
order for the following types: misused structures, inappropriate structures, little sense of ease of
communication, patchy structures and good communication. In the case of form, points will be awarded in the
ascending order for the following types: Severe lack of organization, lack of connection between ideas, little
attempt at connectivity, some lack of organization and well organized material.
To assess the effectiveness of the reading material to improve the communicative competence of the
Polytechnic College students, a test paper was constructed for pre and post tests. Ten written questions were
framed to test the performance of the Polytechnic College students in writing skills. The study is limited to two
polytechnic colleges only viz. Annamalai Polytechnic College, Chettinadu and Government Polytechnic
College, Karaikudi due to constraints of time. One hundred students were taught the selected humorous
anecdotes using the communicative activities for a period of three months. The present study was based on the
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI)
ISSN No. 2321-2705 | DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI |Volume XII Issue X October 2025
Page 4143
www.rsisinternational.org
experimental method. The researcher had used the pre-test post-test single group design in the experiment.
Regarding statistical techniques, the researcher usedt test to find out the significant difference between the
means of the pre-test and post test scores of the Polytechnic College students. The researcher had classified
the Polytechnic College students into different categories and assessed whether they improved their writing
skills.
INNOVATION/PATH-BREAKING ASPECTS OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH
Humorous Anecdotes can be a powerful and motivating source for writing in English both as a model and as
subject matter. Humorous anecdotes as a model occurs when students writing becomes closely similar to the
original work or clearly imitates its content, theme, organization, and style. However, when students writing
exhibits original thinking like interpretation or analysis, or when it emerges from, or is creatively stimulated
by, the reading of an anecdote. Moreover Humorous anecdote houses an immense variety of themes. Therefore,
the students are motivated to study, reflect and present their feelings in the written form aptly.
Mother tongue is learnt by a student in a natural way. But learning a foreign language is an artificial process.
The student is continually surrounded by the mother tongue. It has the strongest social compulsion to learn the
mother tongue. But the learner of a foreign language encounters the language only at intervals. His native
language habits are in continual conflict with those needed for the new language. Secondly, learning a foreign
language requires a lot of practice. Constant and sustained practice is the key to language learning. Therefore it
becomes a painful process. The teacher has to create artificial situations in the classroom to overcome these
problems.
In-service training may be conducted for the teachers and they can be oriented with the aspects of using
humorous anecdotes along with the communicative activities which would facilitate the learners in turn to
acquire oral and written communication skills.
CONCLUSION
The findings of the study convey the fact that using humorous anecdotes with communicative activities had
improved the communicative competence of the Polytechnic College students. Moreover, the results also
indicate that the Teaching learning process had become more interesting than the traditional classroom as the
students became active.
The use of humorous anecdotes along with the communicative activities such as citation, simulation,
replication, role-play and improvisation found to be more beneficial than the traditional ways of Teaching
English to improve the communicative competence of the learners. Hence, all colleges and Schools should try
to implement the use of humorous anecdotes so as to enable the learners to reach their optimum level of
learning. The reading material would be taught to the students with the appropriate communicative activities.
At the end, a post test would be conducted and the collected data would be analyzed in order to state the
findings.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work is supported by the Alagappa University Research Fund (AURF) Seed Money 2024(grant
sanctioned vide Letter No. AU/SO (P& D)/ AURF Seed Money/ 2024 Alagappa University, Karaikudi,
Tamilnadu. India, Date 11
th
December 2024)
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