{"id":2604,"date":"2019-05-15T20:40:38","date_gmt":"2019-05-15T20:40:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/?page_id=2604"},"modified":"2025-03-22T02:36:19","modified_gmt":"2025-03-22T02:36:19","slug":"volume-vi-issue-v","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/archive\/volume-vi-issue-v\/","title":{"rendered":"Volume VI Issue V"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2604\" class=\"elementor elementor-2604\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f15543 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f15543\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1586c\" data-id=\"6f1586c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f15a2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f15a2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Human Capital Management through Emotional Intelligence for Global Competitiveness<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Dr Anupama K Malagi &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 01-03<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f15cb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f15cb6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f15e9c\" data-id=\"6f15e9c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f16019 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f16019\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Human resources, presently considered as Human Capital are the most valuable resources for creating global wealth, since it forms the means through which effective utilization of other resources is facilitated. Human resource management is a process of bringing together people and organizations for realizing their common goals. The paper intends to have an overview of the various issues pertaining to human resources and attempts to suggest a new paradigm focused on enhancing emotional intelligence, training and development in the context of globalization, creating a competitive environment and ushering in new social and corporate trends ultimately aimed at building the required human capital.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 01-03\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 15 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr Anupama K Malagi<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor, R V Institute of Management, Bangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">References are not available<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Dr Anupama K Malagi &#8220;Human Capital Management through Emotional Intelligence for Global Competitiveness&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.01-03 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/01-03.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/01-03.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/human-capital-management-through-emotional-intelligence-for-global-competitiveness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Human Capital Management through Emotional Intelligence for Global Competitiveness<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f16e81 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f16e81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f16f75 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f16f75\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f17103\" data-id=\"6f17103\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1722a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1722a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f172cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f172cb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f174fd\" data-id=\"6f174fd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1764d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1764d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f176f3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f176f3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f17855\" data-id=\"6f17855\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1796a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1796a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f17a04 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f17a04\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f17b46\" data-id=\"6f17b46\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f17c5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f17c5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f17cf5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f17cf5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f17ead\" data-id=\"6f17ead\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f17ffa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f17ffa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>A Study on Groundwater Quality around Ariyamangalam Dumping Site in Trichy <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Senthamizhselvan T &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 04-08<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f180be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f180be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f18255\" data-id=\"6f18255\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f183c8 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f183c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Questionnaire survey was conducted in the study area to know about the health impact due to leachate from solid waste dumping site. Totally 12 groundwater samples were collected around Ariyamangalam, Trichy. Physic-chemical analyses were carried out as per APHA procedure. Analyzed result were compared with BIS (IS 10500: 2012). Water quality index were calculated from the analyzed parameters. Statistical analysis such as correlation analysis was performed by using SPSS 17 software. Finally we suggest that to improve the treatment and final disposal of municipal solid waste while people have to be co-operated with local authorities to decrease the generation of solid waste and the closing of open dumps and the implementation of modern and environmentally safe landfills or alternatives to waste disposal.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 04-08\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 15 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Senthamizhselvan T <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Bharathiyar College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikal, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Butt Ibtisam and Ghaffar Abdul, Groundwater quality assessment near Mehmoodboti landfills, Lahore, Pakistan, Asian Journal of social sciences &amp; humanities, 2012, vol.1.No.2 ISSN:2186-8492, ISSN:2186-8484 (print).<br \/>\r\n[2]. ChidanandPatil, ShreekantNarayanakaar, Arjunvirupakshi, Assessment of groundwater quality around solid waste landfills- A Case study, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2013, Vol. 2, Issue 7, ISSN: 2319-8753.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Dongmei Han, Xiaoxia Tong, Mathew J.Currell, Guoliang, Menggui Jin. (2013), Evaluation of the impact of an uncontrolled landfill on surrounding groundwater quality, Zhoukou, China, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2013, GEXPL 0-05230.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Durgadevagi.s, Annadurai.R and Mohan Meenu., Spatial and Temporal Mapping of Groundwater Quality using GIS based Water Quality Index (A Case Study of SIPCOT-Perundurai, Erode, TamilNadu, India, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2016, Vol 9.<br \/>\r\n[5]. GopalpathakAbishekGautam, AnirudhSahni, Assessment of Ground Water Quality at Municipal Solid Waste Dumping Site-Sewapura, Jaipur, Current World Environment, 2011, Vol. 6 (2), 279-282.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Lathaamani. R, Janardhana. M.R, Suresha. S, Application of Water Quality Index Method to Access Groundwater Quality in Mysore city, Karnataka, India, International Conference on Innovations &amp; Advances in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014, Volume 3.<br \/>\r\n[7]. Lovleen Gupta and Swati Rani, Leachate characterization and evaluating its impact on roundwater quality in vicinity of landfill site area, IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 2014, e-ISSN: 2319-2402,p- ISSN: 2319-2399.Volume 8, Issue 10 Ver. III (Oct. 2014), PP 01 07.<br \/>\r\n[8]. N.Rajkumar, T.Subramani, L.Elango, Groundwater Contamination Due to Municipal Solid Waste Disposal \u2013 A GIS Based Study in Erode City, International journal of environmental science, Volume 1, No.1, ISSN 0976 \u2013 4402.<br \/>\r\n[9]. NitinKamboj and MohranaChoudhary, Impact of solid waste disposal on ground water quality near Gazipur dumping site, Delhi, India, Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 2013, 5 (2): 306-312. ISSN: 0974-9411 (Print), 2231-5209 (Online).<br \/>\r\n[10]. Prof. C. D. BhosaleMr.AmarA.Shinde, Mr.AvinashD.Zambare, Impact of Nashik municipal solid waste on groundwater, 2017, International journal of advance research in science and engineering, Vol.No.6,issue No.03, ISSN(O)2319-8354, ISSN(P)2319-8346.<br \/>\r\n[11]. R.M. KurakalvaK.K.Aradhi, K.Y.Mallela, S.Venkatayogi, Assessment of Groundwater Quality in and around the Jawaharnagar Municipal Solid Waste Dumping Site at Greater Hyderabad, Southern India, International Conference on Solid Waste Management, 5IconSWM 2015, ISSN: 1878-0296.<br \/>\r\n[12]. S. I. Omofonmwan and J. O. Eseigbe, Effects of Solid Waste on the Quality of Underground Water in Benin Metropolis, Nigeria, Edo State Water Corporation, 2009, 26(2):PP 99-105.<br \/>\r\n[13]. S.K. MaitiS.De, T.Hazra, A.Debsarkar, A.Dutta, Characterization of Leachate and Its Impact on Surface and Groundwater Quality of a Closed Dumpsite &#8211; A Case Study at Dhapa, Kolkata, India, International Conference on Solid Waste Management, 5IconSWM, 2015, ISSN: 1878-0296.<br \/>\r\n[14]. SundaraKumar.K, Satish Kumar.CH, HariPrrasad.K, Rajesh.R, SivaramPrasad.RVenkatesh.T, Assessment Of Ground Water Quality Using Water Quality Index, International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering, 2015, Vol 2.<br \/>\r\n[15]. SunitaKumari, Jyoti Rani, Assessment of Water Quality Index of Ground Water in Smalkhan, Haryana, International Journal of Latest Research in Science and Technology, 2014, Volume 3.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Senthamizhselvan T &#8220;A Study on Groundwater Quality around Ariyamangalam Dumping Site in Trichy&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.04-08 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/04-08.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/04-08.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/a-study-on-groundwater-quality-around-ariyamangalam-dumping-site-in-trichy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>A Study on Groundwater Quality around Ariyamangalam Dumping Site in Trichy<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f193c5 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f193c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f194b7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f194b7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1963c\" data-id=\"6f1963c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f19780 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f19780\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1982a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1982a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f19989\" data-id=\"6f19989\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f19aa4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f19aa4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f19b62 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f19b62\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f19cb7\" data-id=\"6f19cb7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f19dc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f19dc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f19e66 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f19e66\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f19fd5\" data-id=\"6f19fd5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1a0ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1a0ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1a185 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1a185\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1a302\" data-id=\"6f1a302\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1a418 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1a418\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Firm Performance and Sustainability Reporting of Oil Marketing Companies in Nigeria <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Abdulsalam Nasiru, Kaoje (Ph.D), Musa Yelwa, Abubakar (Ph.D), Garba Ibrahim Tanko (Ph.D), Mahmood .O Adeiza &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 09-16<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1a4be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1a4be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1a647\" data-id=\"6f1a647\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1a797 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f1a797\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This paper used a longitudinal study designed to provide an insight into the trend and changes in Sustainability Information Disclosure (SID) of oil marketing companies in Nigeria. The paper further seeks to examine if there is any relationship that exist between SID and oil marketing company Performance variables. A total of Eight (8) Oil Marketing Companies are used, using census, covering eleven year period (2003-2013). Secondary data was adopted from three sources (NSE factbook, IPIECA 2015 guidelines and NNPC Statistical Bulletin. Multi-Binary Logistic Regression Model was used in testing hypotheses of this paper. Findings emanated from this paper have shown significant and positive association between SID and TA, as well as SID and TS. The implication of findings from this paper is that oil companies still make a significant impact as far as SID is concerned provided that such companies adopted the IPIECA, 2015 guidelines on sustainability disclosure. The paper recommends that Nigerian stock exchange should make it compulsory, for companies to conform to the provision of IPIECA, 2015 on sustainability disclosure.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 09-16\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 18 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abdulsalam Nasiru, Kaoje (Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Musa Yelwa, Abubakar (Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Garba Ibrahim Tanko (Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Public Administration, UsamanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Mahmood .O Adeiza<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. 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Marshall, R. S. &amp; Brown, D. (2003). Corporate Environmental Reporting: What&#8217;s in a Metric? Business Strategy and the Environment, 12 (2).<br \/>\r\n[25]. Meek, G. K.; Roberts, C. B.&amp;Gray, S. J. (1995). Factors Influencing Voluntary Annual Disclosures by US, UK and Continental European Multinational Corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 26 (3): 555\u2013572.<br \/>\r\n[26]. Muttakin, M. B. &amp; Khan, A. (2014). Determinants of Corporate Social Disclosure: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh. Advances in Accounting, 30 (1): 168-175.<br \/>\r\n[27]. Owen, D. L., Swift, T. &amp; Hunt, K. (2001). Questioning the Role of Stakeholder Engagement in Social and Ethical Accounting, Auditing and Reporting. Accounting Forum, 25 (3): 264\u2013282.<br \/>\r\n[28]. Reverte, C. (2009). Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Ratings By Spanish Listed Firms; Journal of Business Ethics, 88: 351-366.<br \/>\r\n[29]. Schaltegger, S., Bennett, M. &amp; Burritt, R. (2006). Sustainability Accounting and Reporting: Development, Linkages and Reflection. An Introduction. In: Schaltegger, S.; Bennett, M. and Burritt, R. (eds.) 01\/01. Springer Netherlands. pp. 1-33.<br \/>\r\n[30]. Sotorrio, L. L. and Sanchez, J. L. F. (2010). Corporate Social Reporting for Different Audiences: The Case of Multinational Corporations in Spain. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 17: 272-283.<br \/>\r\n[31]. Stiller, Y. &amp; Daub, C. H. (2007). Paving the Way for Sustainable Communication: Evidence from A Swiss Study. Business Strategy and the Environment, 16: 474-486.<br \/>\r\n[32]. Stock, .J. H. &amp; Watson, M. W. (2003). Introduction to Econometrics, \u201cStatistical Analysis of Economic and Related Data (third Edition).<br \/>\r\n[33]. Suwaidan, M. S. (2004).\u201cSocial Responsibility Disclosure and Corporate Characteristics: The Case of Jordanian Industrial Companies, International Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Performance Evaluation, 1 (4): 432 \u2013 447.<br \/>\r\n[34]. Tagesson, T., Blank, V.,Broberg, P. &amp; Collin, S. (2009). What Explains The Content of Social And Environmental Disclosure on Corporate Websites: A Study of Social and Environmental Reporting in Swedish Listed Corporations.Corp. Soc. Resp. and Environ. Mgt. Journal, 16: 352-364.<br \/>\r\n[35]. Unerman, J. (2000). Methodological Issues &#8211; Reflections On Quantification in Corporate Social Reporting Content Analysis, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 13(5): 667-68<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Abdulsalam Nasiru, Kaoje (Ph.D), Musa Yelwa, Abubakar (Ph.D), Garba Ibrahim Tanko (Ph.D), Mahmood .O Adeiza &#8220;Firm Performance and Sustainability Reporting of Oil Marketing Companies in Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp. 09-16 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/09-16.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/09-16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/firm-performance-and-sustainability-reporting-of-oil-marketing-companies-in-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Firm Performance and Sustainability Reporting of Oil Marketing Companies in Nigeria<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1b632 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f1b632\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1b712 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1b712\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1b892\" data-id=\"6f1b892\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1b9ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1b9ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1ba57 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1ba57\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1bbaf\" data-id=\"6f1bbaf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1bcb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1bcb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1bd52 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1bd52\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1bea4\" data-id=\"6f1bea4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c02f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1c02f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c0d2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1c0d2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c221\" data-id=\"6f1c221\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c326 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1c326\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c3c3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1c3c3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c51f\" data-id=\"6f1c51f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c636 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1c636\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Level of Work life Quality and Enrichment \u2013 A Study among Workforce of Indian Retail Sector<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>D. David Winster Praveenraj, B. Nandhini, K. Karpaga Kavitha &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 17-21<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c6d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1c6d8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c83a\" data-id=\"6f1c83a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1c95a elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f1c95a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Quality of Work Life assumes an extremely noteworthy job in the life of individuals with the activity. The paper intends to measure the quality of work life of workforce engaged with the retailing business or the retail division. The survey is aimed to distinguish the current and expected Quality of Work Life and the affecting components of job and individual life in various aspects. This work aims for understanding a wide scope of welfare exercises to be attempted so as to improve the Quality of Work-Life (QWL) in an association. The sample measure chosen for the investigation is 100 respondents working in different fields in a similar retail segment. The variables that influence QWL are categorized into four major factors namely Financial, Individual, Social and Work Benefits that deal with both the work life and personal life. Quality of work life is considered for the employees and it is included with employment fulfillment, profitability, work inclusion, work improvement and so forth. The end drawn from the venture is that a superior QWL prompts inspiration and fulfillment and along these lines builds creation and execution. It is prescribed to make the people mindful of the organization objectives, vision, mission, which will give them a feeling of having a place and duty with a meaning.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 17-21\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 18 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>D. David Winster Praveenraj<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nSchool of Management Studies, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>B. Nandhini <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nSchool of Management Studies, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>K. Karpaga Kavitha <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nSchool of Management Studies, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Dargahi H. (2006). Study of Quality of Work Life (QWL). Iranian Journal of Public Health, 35(4), 8-14<br \/>\r\n[2] Anupreeti T. (2010). A Study on Quality of Work life among Employees in IT Sector. OSR Journal of Business and Management<br \/>\r\n[3] Lokanadha Reddy and Mohan Reddy. (2010). Quality of Work Life of Employees with emerging dimensions in Work place. Asian Journal of Management Research (ISSN 2229-3795)<br \/>\r\n[4] Leslie B Hammer and Kristi L Zimmerman. (2012). Promoting Performance and Quality of Work-Life Simultaneously. Journal of Occupational Health and Sciences with Psychology \u2013Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)<br \/>\r\n[5] Sayeed. (2012). Quality of Work Life and Job Behavior of workers in private sector-Indian Journal of Industrial Relations Vol.35, No.2)<br \/>\r\n[6] ChandranShuSinha.(2012). Factors affecting Quality of Work life-Empirical Evidence from Indian Organizations- Australian Journal of Business and Management Research Vol.1 No.11<br \/>\r\n[7] Nanjundeswarasamy T. (2013). Quality of Work Life: Scale Development and Validation International Journal of Caring Sciences (May \u2013 August 2015 Volume 8 Issue 2)<br \/>\r\n[8] Morin and Audebarnd (2013) The relationship between quality of work life and job satisfaction for organizational performance- Global Journal of Health Sciences, Vol.9, No .10)<br \/>\r\n[9] Costello and Sang. (2013). Influence of Quality of Work Life and Job Attitude on Affective Commitment. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)<br \/>\r\n[10] ShefaliSrivastava and Rooma Kanpur. (2014). A study on Quality of Work Life:Key Elements and Implications. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) Volume 16, Issue 3,Ver 1<br \/>\r\n[11] Indrani G. (2014). Study on Quality of Work life in workplace. Indian Journal of Applied Research, Volume 4, Issue 8<br \/>\r\n[12] RadhaYadav. (2014). A study on QWL of Human Resources. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 19, Issue 9,Ver 5<br \/>\r\n[13] SharmilaCarolene.(2017). A study on Progressive nature of Work Life. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technolog y(IJRASET),Vol 5,Issue 3<br \/>\r\n[14] MilyVelayudhan T.K, Yameni M.D. (2017). Quality of Work Life-\u2015A Detailed Study\u2016 International Journal of IOP Conference-Services, Master in Science and Engineering.Vol-197<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">D. David Winster Praveenraj, B. Nandhini, K. Karpaga Kavitha &#8220;Level of Work life Quality and Enrichment \u2013 A Study among Workforce of Indian Retail Sector&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.17-21 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/17-21.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/17-21.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/level-of-work-life-quality-and-enrichment-a-study-among-workforce-of-indian-retail-sector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Level of Work life Quality and Enrichment \u2013 A Study among Workforce of Indian Retail Sector<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1d77a elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f1d77a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1d859 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1d859\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1d9e6\" data-id=\"6f1d9e6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1db0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1db0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1dbab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1dbab\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1dcfd\" data-id=\"6f1dcfd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1de13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1de13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1dead elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1dead\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1dffe\" data-id=\"6f1dffe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e103 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1e103\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e1a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1e1a2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e2f2\" data-id=\"6f1e2f2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e3f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1e3f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e490 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1e490\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e5f3\" data-id=\"6f1e5f3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e701 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1e701\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Comparing the Strength Properties by Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate with Coconut Shell and Fine Aggregate with Quarry Dust on M20 and M40 Grade Concrete<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Y. Mounisha, Ch.T.R.T.Ramaraju, D. Lakshamana &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 22-27<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e79c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1e79c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1e8fa\" data-id=\"6f1e8fa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1ea25 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f1ea25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In construction industry the rising cost of construction materials is the major factor. The high cost of conventional building materials is the greater factor effecting housing delivery in the world. The project aim is to analyze compressive strength characteristics of concrete produced using crushed, granular coconut shell and quarry dust as substitute for conventional coarse and fine aggregate respectively with partial replacement. Coconut shell is the natural material which is commonly available in all over the world. It is an abundant, versatile, renewable and cheap remain in the environment as waste material. Quarry dust which is a waste product from aggregate crushers could replace sand. It has very recently gained good attention to be used as an effective filler material instead of fine aggregate. So the utilization of these materials for construction will be an important step to improve sustainability and eco-friendly construction. They must be accessible to the standard individuals and be low in financial value. It is economically profitable material in the construction field. The main purpose is to encourage the use of these waste products as construction material to reduce the cost of housing. In this studies, two different concrete mixtures i.e., M 20 and M 40 with different combination of natural materials content namely 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of coconut shell and as well as 0%, 15%, 30% and 45% of quarry dust. The compressive strength of concrete reduced as the percentage replacement of coconut shell increased and to compensate this compressive strength quarry dust is replaced with fine aggregate. Properties like compressive strength, water absorption, specific gravity were investigated in the laboratory. Workability decreased with increase in coconut shell replacement and increased with increased in quarry dust replacement. All precautions are taken to maintain serviceability, strength and durability. Thus it will be helpful for civil engineers and society to adopt this concept to fulfill the basic need of human that is housing.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 22-27\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 18 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Y. Mounisha<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan Institute of Information Technology (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ch.T.R.T.Ramaraju<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan Institute of Information Technology (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>D. Lakshamana<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan Institute of Information Technology (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><br \/>\r\n[1]. International journal of civil engineering and technology-ISSN-6316 for study on strength properties of coconut shell concrete.<br \/>\r\n[2]. IJRDO-Journal Of Mechanical And Civil Engineering- Concrete with crushed coconut shell as coarse aggregate- ISSN: 2456-1479.<br \/>\r\n[3]. IJESI Volume 2 Issue 5 May 2013-Experimental Assessment On Coconut Shells As Aggregate In Concrete.<br \/>\r\n[4]. IJIRSET vol 4, issue1, January 2015-Behaviour of Concrete on Replacement of Sand with Quarries Stone Dust as Fine Aggregate.<br \/>\r\n[5]. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2015 1 ISSN 2250-3153.<br \/>\r\n[6]. IJSRD &#8211; International Journal for Scientific Research &amp; Development| Vol. 2, Issue 07, 2014 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613, Use of Quarry Fine as Partial Replacement of Concrete as a Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Concrete.<br \/>\r\n[7]. IJIRSET- Vol. 4, Issue 1, January 2015, Behaviour of Concrete on Replacement of Sand with Queries Stone Dust as Fine Aggregate.<br \/>\r\n[8]. Building materials cost by Govt. of NCT of Delhi 2015.<br \/>\r\n[9]. M.S. Shetty, Concrete Technology Theory and Practice, 5thedition, S.Chand&amp; Co. Ltd., New Delhi.<br \/>\r\n[10]. ML Gambhir, concrete technology<br \/>\r\n[11]. S.K. Duggal, new age publisher; 4th Revised edition Edition.<br \/>\r\n[12]. IS 456: 2000 Plain reinforced concrete-code of practice, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.<br \/>\r\n[13]. IS:10292-2009 Concrete mix design, Indian Standard method.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Y. Mounisha, Ch.T.R.T.Ramaraju, D. Lakshamana &#8220;Comparing the Strength Properties by Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate with Coconut Shell and Fine Aggregate with Quarry Dust on M20 and M40 Grade Concrete&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.22-27 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/22-27.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/22-27.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/comparing-the-strength-properties-by-partial-replacement-of-coarse-aggregate-with-coconut-shell-and-fine-aggregate-with-quarry-dust-on-m20-and-m40-grade-concrete\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comparing the Strength Properties by Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate with Coconut Shell and Fine Aggregate with Quarry Dust on M20 and M40 Grade Concrete<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1f7b2 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f1f7b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1f891 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1f891\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1fa05\" data-id=\"6f1fa05\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1fb26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1fb26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1fbc0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1fbc0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f1fd30\" data-id=\"6f1fd30\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1fe44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f1fe44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f1fee0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f1fee0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f20023\" data-id=\"6f20023\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f20134 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f20134\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f201cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f201cd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f20317\" data-id=\"6f20317\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f20419 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f20419\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f204b7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f204b7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f20613\" data-id=\"6f20613\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f20720 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f20720\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Text Generation Using Recurrent Neural Networks<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Zishen Thajudheen, Amit N Subrahmanya, Aditya Singh, Akshit Jhamb, Vinay Hegde &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 28-31<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f207b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f207b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f20922\" data-id=\"6f20922\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f20a4e elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f20a4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Language Modelling is the core problem for a number of natural language processing tasks such as text generation. In this project, we try to create a language model at a character level for generating natural language text by implement and training state-of-the-art Recurrent Neural Network. No text generation model has been designed for Kannada. With the help of transliteration it is possible to build a text generation model for Kannada. We plan to build this model and analyse its strengths and weaknesses. In this paper we aim to demonstrate the power of large RNNs by applying them to the task of predicting the next character in a stream of text. This is an important problem because a better character-level language model could improve compression of text files. We can evaluate the syntactic and semantic sense of the generated phrases.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 28-31\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 19 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Zishen Thajudheen <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science and Engineering, R.V College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Amit N Subrahmanya<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science and Engineering, R.V College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Aditya Singh<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science and Engineering, R.V College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Akshit Jhamb <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science and Engineering, R.V College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Vinay Hegde <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science and Engineering, R.V College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1] Jia Wei; Quiang Zhou; YiciCai; Poet-based Poetry Generation: Controlling Personal Style with Recurrent Neural Networks; International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC); 2018<br \/>\r\n[2] Zejian Shi; Minyong Shi; Chunfang Li; The prediction of character based on recurrent neural network language model; IEEE\/ACIS 16th International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS); 2017<br \/>\r\n[3] Kyuyeon Hwang; Wonyong Sung; Character-level language modeling with hierarchical recurrent neural networks; IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP); 2017<br \/>\r\n[4] Tzu-Hsuan Tseng; Tzu-Hsuan Yang; Chia-Ping Chen; Verifying the long-range dependency of RNN language models; International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP); 2016<br \/>\r\n[5] Martin Sundermeyer; Hermann Ney; Ralf Schl\u00fcter; From Feedforward to Recurrent LSTM Neural Networks for Language Modeling; IEEE\/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing; Volume 23; Issue 3; March 2015<br \/>\r\n[6] IlyaSutskever; James Martens; E Hinton Geoffrey; Generating Text with Recurrent Neural Networks; Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML-11); 2015.\\<br \/>\r\n[7] Zachary C. Lipton, John Berkowitz, Charles Elkan; A Critical Review of Recurrent Neural Networks for Sequence Learning; Cornell University; arXiv:1506.00019<br \/>\r\n[8] Wim De Mulder, Steven Bethard, Marie-Francine Moens; A survey on the application of recurrent neural networks to statistical language modeling; Published in Computer Speech &amp; Language 2015<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Zishen Thajudheen, Amit N Subrahmanya, Aditya Singh, Akshit Jhamb, Vinay Hegde &#8220;Text Generation Using Recurrent Neural Networks&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.28-31 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/28-31.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/28-31.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/text-generation-using-recurrent-neural-networks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Text Generation Using Recurrent Neural Networks<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f217cb elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f217cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f218a1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f218a1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f21a17\" data-id=\"6f21a17\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f21b2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f21b2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f21bc7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f21bc7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f21d26\" data-id=\"6f21d26\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f21e6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f21e6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f21f2c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f21f2c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f221b9\" data-id=\"6f221b9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f222ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f222ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f22394 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f22394\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f224f9\" data-id=\"6f224f9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2260d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2260d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f226a9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f226a9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f22803\" data-id=\"6f22803\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f22913 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f22913\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f229af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f229af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f22b0a\" data-id=\"6f22b0a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f22c1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f22c1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Classroom Attendance Using Face Detection and Raspberry Pi<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Santhosh S, Dimple, Pranathi Amin &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 32-35<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f22cb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f22cb6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f22e25\" data-id=\"6f22e25\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f22f4e elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f22f4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In this paper we propose an attendance management system. This system is based on face detection and recognition. Initially when staffs stand in front of the camera, it detects and recognizes that staff\u2019s face and generates attendance to that particular staff. The system architecture and algorithms used in each stage are described in this paper. When compared to traditional attendance marking this system saves the time and also helps in maintaining staff\u2019s attendance.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 32-35\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 20 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Santhosh S <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of CSE, Srinivas School of Engineering,Mukka, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dimple <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of CSE, Srinivas School of Engineering, Mukka, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Pranathi Amin <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of CSE, Srinivas School of Engineering, Mukka, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. B. K. Mohamed and C. Raghu, \u201cFingerprint attendance system for classroom needs,\u201d in India Conference (INDICON), 2012 Annual IEEE. IEEE, 2012, pp. 433\u2013438.<br \/>\r\n[2]. T. Lim, S. Sim, and M. Mansor, \u201cR\ufb01d based attendance system,\u201d in Industrial Electronics &amp; Applications, 2009.ISIEA 2009.IEEE Symposium on, vol. 2. IEEE, 2009, pp. 778\u2013782.<br \/>\r\n[3]. S. Kadry and K. Smaili, \u201cA design and implementation of a wireless iris recognition attendance management system,\u201d Information Technology and control, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 323\u2013329, 2007.<br \/>\r\n[4]. T. A. P. K. K. L. P. M. L. M. P. A. W. G. D. P. J. G..RoshanTharanga, S. M. S. C. Samarakoon, \u201cSmart attendance using real time face recognition,\u201d 2013.<br \/>\r\n[5]. P. Viola and M. J. Jones, \u201cRobust real-time face detection,\u201d International journal of computer vision, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 137\u2013 154, 2004.<br \/>\r\n[6]. W. Zhao, R. Chellappa, P. J. Phillips, and A. Rosenfeld, \u201cFace recognition: A literature survey,\u201d Acm Computing Surveys (CSUR), vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 399\u2013458, 2003.<br \/>\r\n[7]. T. Ahonen, A. Hadid, and M. Pietik\u00a8ainen, \u201cFace recognition with local binary patterns,\u201d in Computer Vision-ECCV 2004. Springer, 2004, pp. 469\u2013481.<br \/>\r\n[8]. N. A. I. Q. S. Z. Rameez Qasim, M. Mutsaied Shirazi, \u201cComparison and improvement of pca and lbp e\ufb03ciency for face recognition,\u201d 2013.<br \/>\r\n[9] M. O. Faruqe and M. Al MehediHasan, \u201cFace recognition usingpca and svm,\u201d in Anti-counterfeiting, Security, and Identi\ufb01cation in Communication, 2009. ASID 2009.3rd International Conference on. IEEE, 2009, pp. 97\u2013101.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Santhosh S, Dimple, Pranathi Amin &#8220;Classroom Attendance Using Face Detection and Raspberry Pi&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp. 32-35 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/32-35.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/32-35.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/classroom-attendance-using-face-detection-and-raspberry-pi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Classroom Attendance Using Face Detection and Raspberry Pi<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f23d13 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f23d13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f23ddd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f23ddd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f23f4b\" data-id=\"6f23f4b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f24074 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f24074\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f24113 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f24113\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f24263\" data-id=\"6f24263\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f24379 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f24379\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f24417 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f24417\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2456a\" data-id=\"6f2456a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f24673 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f24673\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f24713 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f24713\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f24881\" data-id=\"6f24881\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2498c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2498c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Assessing the Prospects of Community Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) in Sokoto State <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Garba I Tanko, Nasiru Abdulsalam Kaoje &amp; Fasasi Jamaludeen Adewale- May 2019 Page No.: 36-40<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f24a24 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f24a24\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f24cba\" data-id=\"6f24cba\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f24e27 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f24e27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Community based health Insurance scheme also known as Community contributory health Scheme in Sokoto State is a veritable instrument that has been used to tackle the health related problems arising from the rural areas. It is a mechanism that is been employed the world all over in the pursuit of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The paper examined the prospects of Community based health Insurance scheme (CBHIS) in Sokoto state. The paper finds out that Community based health Insurance scheme (CBHIS) since its inception in Sokoto State has been accepted. Result shows that Community based health Insurance scheme can help to bridge the gap between urban and rural areas in terms of access and provision of health facilities. Community based health Insurance scheme (CBHIS) can help in addressing the issues of prevalence and outbreak of diseases such as Malaria, Cholera, dysentery , meninighitis, Chicken pox e.t.c. and other related health problems. Community based health Insurance scheme in Sokoto also serve as a Social programme whereby community members actively participate to proffer solutions to matters that affect them.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 36-40\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 21 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Garba I Tanko<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nUsmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nasiru Abdulsalam Kaoje <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nUsmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Fasasi Jamaludeen Adewale<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nUsmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Adinma ED, Adinma BDJ.(2010).Community based healthcare financing: An untapped option to a more effective healthcare funding in Nigeria. Niger Med J ;51:95-100<br \/>\r\n[2]. Agbonoga, E.A. (1998). Toward Effective Physical Planning of Oil and Solid Mineral Resources Areas of Nigeria .NITP Journal, Lagos Nigeria 11; 30- 42<br \/>\r\n[3]. Ahuja, R., &amp; J. J\u00fctting. (2004). Are the Poor Too Poor to Demand Health Insurance? Journal of Microfinance\/ESR Review 6(1): 1-20.<br \/>\r\n[4]. AIID, UITH, &amp; AIGHD. (2013). A Short Term Impact Evaluation of the Health Insurance Fund Program in Central Kwara State, Nigeria: Amsterdam Institute for International development (AIID), University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development (AIGHD Foundation).<br \/>\r\n[5]. Anagaw, DersehMebratie., Robert Sparrow., GetnetAlemu., &amp; Arjun S. Bedi (2013). Community-Based Health Insurance Schemes: A Systematic Review. Working Paper No. 568.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Bennett, S. A. &amp;Creese, R., M. (1998). Health Insurance Scheme for People outside Formal Sector Employment. Division of Analysis, Research and Assessment of the world health Organization: ARA paper No. 16.<br \/>\r\n[7]. Bennett., S, Kelley, A.G., Silvers B, G. R. &amp; S. L. (2004). \u201c21 Questions on CBHF: An Overview of Community-Based Health Financing.<br \/>\r\n[8]. Carrin, G. (2003). Community Based Health Insurance Schemes in Developing Countries: Facts, Problems and Perspectives. World Health Organization, Geneva.<br \/>\r\n[9]. Carrin, G., M.P. Waelkens&amp; B, Criel. (2005). Community-Based Health Insurance in Developing Countries: A Study of its Contribution to the Performance of Health Financing Systems. Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health 10(8): 799-811.<br \/>\r\n[10]. Chuma, J., and Maina, T. (2012). Catastrophic Health Care Spending and Impoverishment in Kenya. 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Washington DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.The World Bank.<br \/>\r\n[16]. Hendricks, M.(2011). Cardivascular Disease Prevention in Rural Nigeria in the Context of a Community Based Health Insurance Scheme: Quality Improvement Cardiovascular Care Kwara-I(QUICK-I). BMC Public Health, 11(86), 1471-2458.<br \/>\r\n[17]. Jacobs, B., M. Bigdeli, M. Pelt, P. Ir, C. Salze and B. Criel (2008) &#8216;Bridging community-based Health Insurance and Social Protection for Health Care: A Step in the Direction of Universal Coverage? Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health 13(2): 140-143.<br \/>\r\n[18]. Jakab, M. &amp; C, Krishnan. (2001). Community Involvement in Health Care Financing: Impact, Strengths and weaknesses\u2013A Synthesis of Literature, Discussion paper for WHO Commission on Macroeconomic and Health. Washington, DC: World Bank.<br \/>\r\n[19]. Leive A &amp; Xu K (2008) Coping with out-of-pocket health payments: empirical evidence from 15 African countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 86, 849\u2013856.<br \/>\r\n[20]. Mcintyre D, Thiede M, Dahlgren G &amp; Whitehead M (2006). What are the economic consequences for households of illness and of paying for health care in low- and middle-income country contexts? Social Science and Medicine 62, 858\u2013865.<br \/>\r\n[21]. Mladoysky, P. &amp;Mossialos, E. (2008). A Conceptual Framework for Community-Based Health Insurance in Low-Income Countries: Social Capital and Economic Development. World Development, 36 (4):590-607.<br \/>\r\n[22]. Nabyonga-Orem J, Karamagi H, Atuyambe L et al. (2008). Maintaining quality of health services after abolition of user fees: A Uganda case study. BMC Health Services Research 8, 102.<br \/>\r\n[23]. National Health Insurance Scheme, N. (2009). Blueprint for the Implementation of Community-Based Social Health Insurance Programme. Abuja: Interactive Media Services.<br \/>\r\n[24]. Odeyemi, I. A. (2014). Community-Based Health Insurance Programmes and the National Health Insurance Scheme of Nigeria: Challenges to Uptake and Integration. International Journal for Equity in Health, 13(20), 1 &#8211; 13.<br \/>\r\n[25]. Onoka C. A, Onwujekwe O.E, Hanson K, &amp;Uzochukwu B.S. (2011) Examining Catastrophic Health Expenditures at Variable Thresholds Using Household Consumption Expenditure Diaries. Trop Med Int Health ;16:1334-41<br \/>\r\n[26]. Onwujekwe, O. Uzochukwu, B. &amp;Onoka, C. (2011). Assessing the Use and Costs of Healthcare Services and Catastrophic expenditures in Enugu and Anambara States, Nigeria. Consortium for Research on Equitable Health systems (CREHS), Policy Brief. Available on www.crehs.lshtm.ac.uk<br \/>\r\n[27]. Onwujekwe, O., Onoka, C., Uzochukwu, B., Okoli, C., Obikeze, E., &amp;Eze, S. (2009). Is Community-Based Health Insurance an Equitable Strategy for Paying for Health Care in Nigeria? Experiences from Southeast Nigeria. Health Policy, 2(7). doi: 10.1016\/j.healthpol.2009.02.007<br \/>\r\n[28]. Paths2 Technical Brief, Developing and Integrated and Decentralised Health System. Retrieved from:http:\/\/www.healthpartnersint.co.uk\/our_projects\/documents\/Integratedanddecentralisedsystems_000.pdf<br \/>\r\n[29]. Preker, A.S., G. Carrin, D.M. Dror, M. Jakab, W. Hsiao &amp; D. Arhin-Tenkorang (2002) Effectiveness of Community Health Financing in Meeting the Cost of Illness. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 80(2): 143-150.<br \/>\r\n[30]. Russell., S. (2004). The economic burden of illness for households in developing countries: A review of studies focusing on malaria, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus\/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 71, 147\u2013155.<br \/>\r\n[31]. Smith, KV &amp;Sulzbach S. (2008). Community-based health insurance and access to maternal health services: evidence from three West African countries. Social Science and Medicine 66, 2460\u20132473.<br \/>\r\n[32]. Tabor, S. (2005) &#8216;Community-Based Health Insurance and Social Protection Policy&#8217;, World Bank Social Protection Discussion Paper Series 0503. Washington DC: World Bank.<br \/>\r\n[33]. Tangcharoensathien V., Patcharanarumol W., Ir P, Aljunid SM., Mukti AG., &amp;Akkhavong K.(2011) Health-financing reforms in Southeast Asia: Challenges in Achieving Universal Coverage. Lancet ;377:863-73.<br \/>\r\n[34]. Tanko G.I, Azhar H, Abdullahi H G and Salihu, A. A (2015). Investigating the Impact of Community Based Health Insurance Scheme among the Rural Dwellers of Sokoto State Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 6 No 1 S1. ISSN 2039-2117 (online).<br \/>\r\n[35]. WHO, Macroeconomics, &amp; Health. (2000). Macroeconomics and Health: The Ten Recommendations.<br \/>\r\n[36]. WHO, Macroeconomics, &amp; Health. (2003). Increasing Investments in Health Outcomes for the poor: Second Consultation on Macroeconomics and Health. Geneva.<br \/>\r\n[37]. Wiesmann, D. &amp; J.P., Jutting. (2001).Determinants of Viable Health Insurance Schemes in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa, Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture 40(4): 361-378.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Garba I Tanko, Nasiru Abdulsalam Kaoje &amp; Fasasi Jamaludeen Adewale &#8220;Assessing the Prospects of Community Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) in Sokoto State&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.36-40 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/36-40.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/36-40.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/assessing-the-prospects-of-community-based-health-insurance-scheme-cbhis-in-sokoto-state\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assessing the Prospects of Community Based Health Insurance Scheme (CBHIS) in Sokoto State <\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f25c14 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f25c14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; 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R. Khakal, V. R. Pagire, R. R. Korde &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 41-44<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f26904 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f26904\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f26a66\" data-id=\"6f26a66\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f26b8c elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f26b8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The coin based mobile charging system charges the mobile phone when the valid coin is inserted. So the coin acceptor (IR sensor) used recognizes the coin inserted and signals the ATmega 328p for further action.When a coin is inserted, it signals the ATmega328p and starts charging the mobile phone providing a 5V power supply through the charging slot. The ATmega328p starts a reverse countdown timer to display the charging time left for that mobile phone. Further the user adds another coin, the ATmega328p adds to the currently remaining time and once again decrements the countdown.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 41-44\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 21 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>K. R. Khakal<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nE &amp; TC, MITCOE, Maharashtra, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>V. R. Pagire<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nE &amp; TC, MITCOE, Maharashtra, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>R. R. Korde<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nE &amp; TC, MITCOE, Maharashtra, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. S.B.Shridevi, A.Sai.Suneel, K.Nalini \u201cCoin based mobile charger using Solar tracking system\u201d, IJAREC, pp 741745,Sept. 2013.<br \/>\r\n[2]. A Hefner, A. Magdaleno, \u201cCell Phone Charger for the DC House Project\u201d, California Polytechnic State University, 2012.<br \/>\r\n[3]. M.S.Varadarajan, Dr.RR and Dr.SR, \u201cCoin Based Universal Mobile Battery Charger\u201d, ISSN: 2250-3021 Volume 2, Issue 6 (June 2012), PP 1433-1438, IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN).<br \/>\r\n[4]. Apoorva Kharwade,M. S. Gajbhiye Department of Computer science and Engineering, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering. \u201cCoin Based Mobile Charger with Solar tracking System on IoT\u201d,International Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering Science and Technology (ICRTEST 2017)<br \/>\r\n[5]. ShatrughanModi and Dr. SeemaBawa. Automated Coin Recognition System using ANN, India, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975-8887) Vol. 26-No.4, July 2011.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">K. R. Khakal, V. R. Pagire, R. R. Korde &#8220;The Coin Based Mobile Charging System Based On Atmega 328p&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.41-44 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/41-44.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/41-44.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/the-coin-based-mobile-charging-system-based-on-atmega-328p\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Coin Based Mobile Charging System Based On Atmega 328p<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f27ca9 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f27ca9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f280ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f280ca\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f28223\" data-id=\"6f28223\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f28339 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f28339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f283d6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f283d6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2851c\" data-id=\"6f2851c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2862f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2862f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f286cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f286cf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f28814\" data-id=\"6f28814\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f28913 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f28913\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f289b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f289b3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f28afb\" data-id=\"6f28afb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f28bfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f28bfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f28c94 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f28c94\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f28df9\" data-id=\"6f28df9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f28f0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f28f0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma-A Case Report<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Dr. Michael Abiodun Adeyanju, Dr. Omobolade Olajumoke Obadofin &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 45-51<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f28fa9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f28fa9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2911b\" data-id=\"6f2911b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f29243 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f29243\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This is a case report of a case of Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma in a 39-year old male who presented with acute intestinal obstruction and was treated with Resection and anastomosis of the involved segment of bowel and chemotherapy. Histopthologic diagnosis was Adenocarcinoma of the Small Bowel. CDX2 evaluation was positive while synaptophysin was negative.<br \/>\r\nClinical presentation is ambiguous in the early stages and some patients are thought to be malingering and\/or treated for something else. High index of suspicion is important for correct early diagnosis and prompt treatment to prevent emergency presentation and metastatic disease.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 45-51\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 21 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Michael Abiodun Adeyanju <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nConsultant General Surgeon, Department of Surgery, General surgery unit, Federal Medical Centre, Ebute Metta, Lagos. Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Omobolade Olajumoke Obadofin <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nConsultant Pathologist, Federal Medical Centre, Ebute \u2013Metta, Lagos. Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Thomas Aparicioa, Aziz Zaanan, Magali Svrcek , Pierre Laurent-Puig, Nicolas Carrere, Sylvain Manfredi , Christophe Locher , Pauline Afchain. Small bowel adenocarcinoma: Epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment. Digestive and Liver Disease 46 (2014) 97\u2013104<br \/>\r\n[2]. Shivaani Kummar, Thomas E. Ciesielski, Miklos C. Fogarasi, Management of Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma. Oncology. 16:1364-1373, 2002<br \/>\r\n[3]. Alfred I Neugut., Michael R Marvin, John A Chabot, Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel. IN: Surgical Treatment: Evidence-Based and Problem-Oriented. Holzheimer RG, Mannick JA, editors. Munich: Zuckschwerdt; 2001. ISBN-10: 3-88603-714-2<br \/>\r\n[4]. Abiodun Christopher Jemilohun, Alaba Moses Adesina , Mustapha Akanji Ajani, Theophilus Oludare Ajiro. Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma in a Nigerian Man: A Case Report. International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports. 2017. 10(3): 1-7<br \/>\r\n[5]. Wu AH, Yu MC, Mack TM. Smoking, alcohol use, dietary factors and risk of Small bowel intestinal adenocarcinoma. International Journal of Cancer 1997;70:512-7<br \/>\r\n[6]. Kaerlev I, Teglbjaerg PS, Sabroe S, Kolstad HA, Ahrens W, Eriksson M, Guenel P, Hardell L, Launoy G, Merler E, Merletti F, Stang A, Olsen J. Is there an association between alcohol intake or smoking and small bowel adenocarcinoma? Results from a European multi-centre case-control study. Cancer causes and control 2000; 11(9):791-7<br \/>\r\n[7]. Negri E, Bosetti C, La Vecchia C, Fioretti F, Conti E, Franceschi S. Risk factors for adenocarcinoma of the small intestine. International J of cancer 1999;82(2):171-4<br \/>\r\n[8]. Pan SY, Morrison H. Epidemiology of cancer of the small intestine. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2011;3(3):33\u201342.<br \/>\r\n[9]. Haselkorn T, Whittemore AS, Lilienfeld DE. Incidence of small bowel cancer in the United States and worldwide: geographic, temporal, and racial differences. Cancer Causes Control. 2005 Sep;16(7):781-7<br \/>\r\n[10]. Rachael A. Safyana and Alfred I. Neugut. Anti\u2010EGFR Therapy in Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma. The Oncologist. 2018 March;23(3):275-276<br \/>\r\n[11]. Bauer R L, Palmer M L, Bauer A M, Nava H R, Douglass H O. Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine: 21-year review of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Ann Surg Oncol. (1994);1(3):183\u2013188.<br \/>\r\n[12]. Parkin, D.M., Whelan, S.L., Ferlay, J., Raymond, L. and Young, J. (eds.), Cancer incidence in five continents, vol. VII. IARC Scientific Publication 143, IARC, Lyon (1997).<br \/>\r\n[13]. Aparicio T, Zaanan A, Svrcek M, LaurentPuig P, Carrere N, Manfredi S, et al. Small bowel adenocarcinoma: Epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment. Dig Liver Dis. 2014;46(2):97\u2013104<br \/>\r\n[14]. Overman MJ. Rare but real: Management of small bowel adenocarcinoma. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2013;189\u201393<br \/>\r\n[15]. Halfdanarson TR, McWilliams RR, Donohue JH, et al. A single-institution experience with 491 cases of small bowel adenocarcinoma. The American Journal of Surgery 2010;199:797-803<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Dr. Michael Abiodun Adeyanju, Dr. Omobolade Olajumoke Obadofin &#8220;Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma-A Case Report&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.45-51 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/45-51.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" 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data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2a402 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2a402\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2a4b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2a4b5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2a60b\" data-id=\"6f2a60b\" 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data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2aa14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2aa14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2aaaf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2aaaf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2abf2\" data-id=\"6f2abf2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2acfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2acfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2ad96 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2ad96\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2aef7\" data-id=\"6f2aef7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2affd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2affd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Predicting the Popularity of Political Parties through Ensemble Learning<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Teenu Sharma, Ankita Bhargava, Shruti Jain &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 52-55<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2b0a0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2b0a0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2b20e\" data-id=\"6f2b20e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2b332 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f2b332\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">With the advancement in Technology, social media has become a part of our daily life. People use it to share their day-to-day activities, likes, dislikes, opinions regarding any product, service or event. The micro-blogging website Twitter is a rich source of opinionated content where almost 500 million tweets are sent every single day. This rich opinionated content can be used for analysis, studies, research and it can provide beneficial results. In this paper, tweets are extracted from Twitter for the upcoming India General Elections 2019 and Sentiment Analysis (SA) is performed on it. Three classification algorithms- Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) are used to assign polarity to tweets as positive or negative. Then, the accuracy of predictions is improved through Ensemble Learning and based on this, the popularities of both the parties is calculated and compared.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 52-55\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 21 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Teenu Sharma<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Pacific Institute of Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ankita Bhargava<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Pacific Institute of Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Shruti Jain<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indore Institute of Science and Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><br \/>\r\n[1]. R. Jose and V. S. Chooralil, &#8220;Prediction of election result by enhanced sentiment analysis on twitter data using classifier ensemble Approach,&#8221; 2016 International Conference on Data Mining and Advanced Computing (SAPIENCE), Ernakulam, 2016, pp. 64-67.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Sharma S., Shetty N.P. (2018) Determining the Popularity of Political Parties Using Twitter Sentiment Analysis. In: Satapathy S., Tavares J., Bhateja V., Mohanty J. (eds) Information and Decision Sciences. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 701. Springer, Singapore<br \/>\r\n[3]. Wan, Yun and Qigang Gao. \u201cAn Ensemble Sentiment Classification System of Twitter Data for Airline Services Analysis.\u201d 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshop (ICDMW) (2015): 1318-1325.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Cagatay Catal, Mehmet Nangir, A Sentiment Classification Model Based On Multiple Classifiers, Applied Soft Computing Journal http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2016.11.022<br \/>\r\n[5]. A. P. Jain and V. D. Katkar, &#8220;Sentiments analysis of Twitter data using data mining,&#8221; 2015 International Conference on Information Processing (ICIP), Pune, 2015, pp. 807-810.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Zhaoyu Li, &#8220;Naive Bayes Algorithm For Twitter Sentiment Analysis And Its Implementation In Mapreduce&#8221;, M. Sc. Thesis, Univ. of Missouri, Dec. 2014.<br \/>\r\n[7]. Zhi-Hua Zhou, &#8220;Ensemble Learning&#8221;, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.<br \/>\r\n[8]. Minqing Hu and Bing Liu. &#8220;Mining and Summarizing Customer Reviews.&#8221; Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD-2004), Aug 22-25, 2004, Seattle, Washington, USA.<br \/>\r\n[9]. Dr. Saurabh Mukherjee, Neelam Sharma, &#8220;Intrusion Detection using Naive Bayes Classifier with Feature Reduction&#8221;, Dept. of Comp. Sc., Banasthali Univ., Jaipur, Raj., 2011.<br \/>\r\n[10]. H. M. Kubade, &#8220;The Overview Of Bayes Classification Methods&#8221;, IJTSRD, Vol. 2, Issue 4, Dept. of I.T., Nagpur, India, May-Jun 2018.<br \/>\r\n[11]. A. McCallum, K. Nigam, &#8220;A Comparison of Event Models for Naive Bayes Text Classification&#8221;, School of Comp. Sc., C. M. Univ., Pittsburgh, PA.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Teenu Sharma, Ankita Bhargava, Shruti Jain &#8220;Predicting the Popularity of Political Parties through Ensemble Learning&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.52-55 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/52-55.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" 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elementor-element-6f2d0d1\" data-id=\"6f2d0d1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2d207 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2d207\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2d2a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2d2a6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2d417\" data-id=\"6f2d417\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2d52e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2d52e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Socio-Cultural and Economic Obstacles Faced by Female Students of Balochistan, Pakistan: An Academic Achievement Perspective <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Dr. Bahadur Ali Soomro, Shahnawaz Mangi, Nazia Barkat, Abdul Jaleel Mirjat &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 56-61<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2d5c7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2d5c7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2d75f\" data-id=\"6f2d75f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2d979 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f2d979\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This research article attempts to investigate the socio-cultural and economic obstacles faced by Balochi female students. Thus, the Balochi females are restricted to obtain the education, freedom in every aspect of social life, equality with male figures of society; conservative mindsets, traditional system; the fundamental rights of the females, cultural and religious trends of Balochi people also confined the females to household tasks. Thus, Balochi people prefer to marry off the daughters at earlier age owing to \u2018biradari\u2019 system (Kinships) among the communities. However, male-dominated society does not permit to Balochi females to leave home without a male and gain the education as well as other opportunities of social lives to get shun from poverty and other social problems entangled with their lives in a society. Thus, such the situation, for the Balochi females reasoned a significant loss in human society. Meanwhile, Islam treats on equality basis in this world. Apart from this, the Balochi females are extremely confronting with complexities of social lives in Balochi society. Henceforth, Balochi females remain illiterate and unaware of the overall scenarios of beings in human society.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 56-61\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 21 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Bahadur Ali Soomro <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nVisiting Faculty and Research Fellow, Area Study Centre, Far East and Southeast Asia, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Shahnawaz Mangi<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nPhD Scholar, Area Study Centre, Far East and Southeast Asia, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nazia Barkat<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nResearch fellow, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering &amp; Management Sciences Quetta, Pakistan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abdul Jaleel Mirjat<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nPhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. 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KIT Publishers.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Dr. Bahadur Ali Soomro, Shahnawaz Mangi, Nazia Barkat, Abdul Jaleel Mirjat &#8220;Socio-Cultural and Economic Obstacles Faced by Female Students of Balochistan, Pakistan: An Academic Achievement Perspective&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp. 56-61 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/56-61.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" 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data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2f5b5\" data-id=\"6f2f5b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2f6ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2f6ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2f78b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2f78b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2f8d9\" data-id=\"6f2f8d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2f9de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2f9de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2fa73 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2fa73\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2fbd5\" data-id=\"6f2fbd5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2fce3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2fce3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Assessments of Lipids Contents, Carbohydrates Contents, Protein Contents and Mineral Elements Compositions of the Seeds and Seedlings of Germinating Groundnut (Arachis Hypogea. L)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Olusola , Johnson. Adedeji., Olusola, Agnes Onyema &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 62-68<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f2fd7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f2fd7a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f2fee2\" data-id=\"6f2fee2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f30013 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f30013\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is an annual herb whose chief and remarkable characteristic is the production of fruits underground. Groundnut seeds provide a wide range of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and mineral elements which can supplement human diet. This study analyzed the carbohydrates contents, lipids contents, nitrogen contents, protein contents and mineral elemental compositions of germinating groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) seeds and seedlings. Arachis hypogea L. (Groundnut seeds) were bought in a local market in Benin City. They were sown in soil inside open plastic for seedling germination and growth at the botanical garden of the University of Benin, Nigeria. The growing seedlings were monitored and harvested at 2 \u2013day intervals after first germination for 14 days and taken for analysis at the Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR), Benin- City, Nigeria. The result showed that there was a progressive decrease in the lipids contents from the time of germination to the seedling age of 14 days. There was also decrease in the protein contents of the seedlings from the day of germination till the fourteenth day of the seedling development. The assessment also shows an increase in the carbohydrate\u2019s contents of the seedlings during germination and development. The Magnesium contents of the seeds and seedlings decreases with the age of the plant until the twelfth day, it increased in the fourteenth day .There was a trends in the increase and decrease in the calcium, potassium and sodium contents of the seed and seedling as the groundnut germinates.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 62-68\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 22 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Olusola , Johnson. Adedeji<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Geography and Planning Science, (Environmental Management Option), Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Olusola, Agnes Onyema<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Geography and Planning, University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Adegoke, G.O., Falade, K.O. and Babalola, O.C.Control of lipid oxidation and fungal spoilage of roasted peanut (Arachis hypogea) using the spice a framoun denielli, J. Food Agriculture and Environment, 2, 128 -131,2004.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Akubor, P.I., Isolokwu, P.C., Ugbane, O. and Onimawo, I.A.Proximate composition and functional properties of African breadfruit kernel and flour blends. Food Research International, 33,707\u2013712, 2000<br \/>\r\n[3]. Giami, S.Y.Effect of processing on the proximate composition and functional properties of cowpea (Vigna anguiculata) flour. J. Food Chemistry, 47, 153\u2013158, 1993<br \/>\r\n[4]. El-Zalaki, L.M., Gomaa, E.G. and Abdel-Rahman, A.Y. Peanut protein: Functional properties and nutritional studies. Rivista Italian So stanza Grasse 72, 505-508, 1996.<br \/>\r\n[5]. Savage, G.P. and Keenen, J.L.The composition and nutritive value of groundnut kernels. In \u201cThe Groundnut Crop: a scientific basis of improvement,\u201d ed. by Smart J. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 173-213,1994.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Goldberg, G., (2003). Plants: Diet and health. The report of the British nutrition foundation task force. Blackwell. Oxford.<br \/>\r\n[7]. Khidir, M.O.Oil Crops in Sudan (ed2). Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, UofK, (in Arabic), 2007<br \/>\r\n[8]. Grosso, N.R. and Guzman, C.A.Chemical composition of Aboriginal peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds from Peru. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 102-105, 1995.<br \/>\r\n[9]. Elshafie, W.A.A.Chemical and biochemical characteristics of seven groundnut cultivars. Ph.D. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture.University of Khartoum, 2001.<br \/>\r\n[10]. Jiang, H.F. and Duan, N.X.Analysis of protein contents, oil content and fatty acids components in groundnut varieties. Crop Genetic Resources. 29 -31, 1994.<br \/>\r\n[11]. AOAC.Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Edition. Vol.1.Association of Analytical Chemists. Inc., Maryland, USA, 2000.<br \/>\r\n[12]. Ying-Chao Li, He Qian, Xiu-Lan Sun, Yan Cui, He-Ya. Wang, Chao Du and Xiu-Hua Xia (2014) The Effects of Germination on Chemical Composition of Peanut Seed; Food Science and Technology Research, 20 (4), 883-889, 2014.<br \/>\r\n[13]. Farhana, N. C., Delwar, H., Monir, H. and Sajedur, R.Comparative Study on Chemical Composition of Five Varieties of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) .World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 11 (5): 247-254,2015.<br \/>\r\n[14]. Ben\u00edtez, V., Cantera, S., Aguilera, Y., Moll\u00e1, E., Esteban, R.M., D\u00edaz, M.F.,and Mart\u00edn-Cabrejas, M.A. Impact of germination on starch,dietary fiber and physicochemical properties in non-conventional legumes. Food Res. Int., 50, 64-69 composition, anti-nutritional factors and apparent digestibility in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius. Aquacult. Nutr. 17, e188- e195, 2013.<br \/>\r\n[15]. Trugo, L.C., Donangelo, C.M., Trugo, N.M.F., and Bach Knudsen, K.E.Effect of heat treatment on nutritional quality of germinated legume seeds. J. Agri. Food Chem., 48: 2082-2086, 2000.<br \/>\r\n[16]. Mart\u00edn-Cabrejas, M.A., Ariza, N., Esteban, R.M., Moll\u00e1, E., Waldron, K.,and L\u00f3pez-Andr\u00e9u, F.J. Effect of germination on the carbohydrate composition of the dietary fiber of peas (Pisum sativum L.).J. Agri. Food Chem., 51, 1254-1259, 2003.<br \/>\r\n[17]. Remison, S.U.Basic principles of crop physiology, pp163; Sadon Press, Benin City, Nigeria, 1997.<br \/>\r\n[18]. Khalil, A.H. and Mansour, E.H.The effect of cooking, autoclaving and germination on the nutritional quality of faba beans. Food Chem., 54:177-182, 1995<br \/>\r\n[19]. Bau, H.M., Villaume, C., Nicolas, J.P., and M\u00e9jean, L.Effect of germination on chemical composition, biochemical constituents and antinutr itional factors of soybean (Glycine Max) seeds. J. Agr. Food Chem., 73, 1-9, 1997.<br \/>\r\n[20]. Kumaraguru, K.P. and Rajkumar, M. Beneficial influences of germination and subsequent autoclaving of grain legumes on proximate composition, antinutritional factors and apparent digestibility in black tiger shrimp,Penaeus mondon Fabricus.Aquaculture Nutrition,17:e188-e195,2011.<br \/>\r\n[21]. Zieli\u0144ski, H., Frias, J., Pisku\u0142a, M. K., Koz\u0142owska, H., and Vidal-Valverde,C. The effect of germination process on the superoxide dismutase-like activity and thiamine, ribo\ufb02avin and mineral contents of rapeseeds. Food Chem., 99, 516-520, 2006.<br \/>\r\n[22]. Bains, K., Uppal, V., and Kaur, H.Optimization of germination time and heat treatments for enhanced availability of minerals from leguminous sprouts. J. Food Sci.Technol., Published online 12 November, 2011.<br \/>\r\n[23]. Hahm, T.S., Park, S.J., and Martin, Lo Y. Effects of germination on chemical composition and functional properties of sesame (Sesamum indicumL.) seeds. Bioresource Technol., 100, 1643-1647, 2009.<br \/>\r\n[24]. Weiss,T.J. Physical and Chemical properties of fats and Oils and their uses.AVI. publi.co.inc. Westport.com.USA.Second edition, pp: 31: 44-84,1983.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Olusola , Johnson. Adedeji., Olusola, Agnes Onyema &#8220;Assessments of Lipids Contents, Carbohydrates Contents, Protein Contents and Mineral Elements Compositions of the Seeds and Seedlings of Germinating Groundnut (Arachis Hypogea. L)&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.62-68 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/62-68.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/62-68.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/assessments-of-lipids-contents-carbohydrates-contents-protein-contents-and-mineral-elements-compositions-of-the-seeds-and-seedlings-of-germinating-groundnut-arachis-hypogea-l\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Assessments of Lipids Contents, Carbohydrates Contents, Protein Contents and Mineral Elements Compositions of the Seeds and Seedlings of Germinating Groundnut (Arachis Hypogea. 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f31e6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f31e6c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f31fe6\" data-id=\"6f31fe6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f32100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f32100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Robotic Arm Control through Mimicking of Miniature Robotic Arm<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Shahbaz Ali Khan, Rohit Kumar Alok, Daphney Blossom, Ruby Kumari, D. Savitha &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 69-73<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f321c7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f321c7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f32353\" data-id=\"6f32353\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f32477 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f32477\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In the recent technology advancements, robots are employed to carry out the tasks that are monotonous or that are unsafe for human intervention in the field of medicine, industry, rescue operations and so on. Interaction of humans with robotic arm can yield many advancements and innovations. In this paper we have presented a model to control robotic arm with three degrees of freedom through miniature arm using potentiometer. The wiper of the potentiometer is connected to the Arduino Uno Microcontroller which is programmed to take analog readings from potentiometer and transmit them. Movements of the robotic arm are achieved through Stepper-Motor, which is a brushless DC electric motor that divides a full rotation into a number of equal steps. The arm is also equipped with a universal gripper to facilitate the pick and drop facility. The main aim is to design miniature robotic arm which can make the main robotic arm imitate as it does when the miniature arm is operated by a human operator.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 69-73\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 23 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Shahbaz Ali Khan<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nElectronics and Instrumentation Department, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Rohit Kumar Alok<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nElectronics and Instrumentation Department, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Daphney Blossom<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nElectronics and Instrumentation Department, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ruby Kumari<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nElectronics and Instrumentation Department, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>D. Savitha<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAsst. Professor, Dept. of Instrumentation and Electronic Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Robotic arm control through mimicking of miniature robotic arm Rajesh Kannan Megalingam ; Sricharan Boddupalli ; K. G. S. Apuroop 2017 4th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS)<br \/>\r\n[2]. Robotic Arm Control with Hand Movement Gestures Szilard Bularka ; Roland Szabo ; Marius Otesteanu Mircea Babaita 2018 41st International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP).<br \/>\r\n[3]. Simulation and Study of Robotic Slave Arm Operating Envelope Chai &#8211; IEEE Member, and E. Lim 978<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Shahbaz Ali Khan, Rohit Kumar Alok, Daphney Blossom, Ruby Kumari, Ruby Kumari &#8220;Robotic Arm Control through Mimicking of Miniature Robotic Arm&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.69-73 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/69-73.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/69-73.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/robotic-arm-control-through-mimicking-of-miniature-robotic-arm\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Robotic Arm Control through Mimicking of Miniature Robotic Arm<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f332fa elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f332fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f333cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f333cd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f33566\" data-id=\"6f33566\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f33697 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f33697\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f33740 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f33740\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3389d\" data-id=\"6f3389d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f339c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f339c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f33a66 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f33a66\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f33bcd\" data-id=\"6f33bcd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f33ce8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f33ce8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Review of Various Block-chain Based SSL Techniques<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>P. Rajitha Nair, Dr. Ramya Dorai, Vinod Unnikrishnan &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 74-76<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f33d94 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f33d94\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f33f0e\" data-id=\"6f33f0e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3403c elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f3403c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Operating under constant threat of attacks, users have long been accustomed to verify the SSL certificate, to ensure that the site is secure. SSL is used to transmit sensitive information over the Internet, and it has been a significant driver of e-commerce from long. This process involves protocols including the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS), as well as certificate authorities (CAs), entities that issue digital certificates to organizations or individuals. The research topic being pursued is an alternative approach to ensure trust can be established using certificates \u2013 via the Block-chain algorithm<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 74-76\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 23 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>P. Rajitha Nair<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science Department, NHCE, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Ramya Dorai<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science Department, TJIT, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Vinod Unnikrishnan<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nVirtusa, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. F. Imbault, M. Swiatek, R. de Beaufort, R. Plana \u2018The green blockchain Managing decentralized energy production and consumption\u2019, IEEE 2017<br \/>\r\n[2]. PwC, \u2018Blockchain and smart contract automation: How smart contracts automate digital business\u2019, 2016<br \/>\r\n[3]. Kamanashis Biswas, VallipuramMuthukkumarasamy, \u2018Securing Smart Cities Using Blockchain Technology\u2019 2016 IEEE 18th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 14th International Conference on Smart City; IEEE 2nd International Conference on Data Science and Systems, 2016<br \/>\r\n[4]. KonstantinosChristidis, Michael Devetsikiotis,\u2018Blockchains and Smart Contracts for the Internet of Things\u2019 IEEE. VOLUME 4, 2016<br \/>\r\n[5]. Chad Brubaker, Suman Jana, Baishakhi Ray, SarfrazKhurshid,VitalyShmatikov \u2018Using Frankencerts for Automated AdversarialTesting of Certificate Validation in SSL\/TLS Implementations\u2019 2014 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy<br \/>\r\n[6]. M. Ali, J. Nelson, R. Shea, and M. J. Freedman, \u2018Blockstack: A global naming and storage system secured by blockchains,\u2019 in USENIX Annual Technical Conference (ATC), June 2016<br \/>\r\n[7]. J. Bonneau, A. Miller, J. Clark, A. Narayanan, J. A. Kroll, and E. W. Felten, \u2018SoK: Research perspectives and challenges for Bitcoin andcryptocurrencies,\u2019 in IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&amp;P), May 2015<br \/>\r\n[8]. Feiyan Mu Jiafen Zhang and Jing Du, Jie Lin \u2018Application of the Secure Transport SSL Protocol in Network Communication\u2019 Fourth International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design, 2011<br \/>\r\n[9]. Guy Zyskind, Oz Nathan, and Alex Pentland, \u2018Enigma: Decentralized Computation Platform with Guaranteed Privacy.\u2018 2015<br \/>\r\n[10]. LoiLuu, Viswesh Narayanan, KunalBaweja, ChaodongZheng, Seth Gilbert, and PrateekSaxena, \u2018Scp: A computationally-scalable byzantine consensus protocol for blockchains\u2019, 2015<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">P. Rajitha Nair, Dr. Ramya Dorai, Vinod Unnikrishnan &#8220;Review of Various Block-chain Based SSL Techniques&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp. 74-76 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/74-76.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/74-76.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/review-of-various-block-chain-based-ssl-techniques\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Review of Various Block-chain Based SSL Techniques<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f34e3c elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f34e3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f34f0a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f34f0a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f35091\" data-id=\"6f35091\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f351b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f351b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f35256 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f35256\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f353a5\" data-id=\"6f353a5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f354e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f354e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f35590 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f35590\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f356e8\" data-id=\"6f356e8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f357f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f357f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br \/>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f35891 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f35891\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f359df\" data-id=\"6f359df\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f35ae1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f35ae1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f35b7a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f35b7a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f35d16\" data-id=\"6f35d16\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f35e43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f35e43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Android Application for Metro Railway Ticket Booking and Checking Using QR-Code and GPS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Sri Anjali Devi G, Vandana K, Mahalaxmi U &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 77-80<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f35ee1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f35ee1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3604a\" data-id=\"6f3604a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3616d elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f3616d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Technological development has resulted in a boundary free digital world. This development has resulted in transaction through virtual money instead of real ones. Use of the smart cards has reduced waiting for ticket but the user should always remember to carry the card with him. And he\/she has to pay attention to the card that it is not lost or stolen. After that came E-Ticketing, where passengers have to carry a SMS or a printout of the ticket booked online. The \u201cAndroid Metro Railway Ticketing\u201d (AMRT) is the implementation of a smart phone application and it can be used easily anytime, anywhere and ticket will be present in the customer\u2019s phone in the form of \u201cQuick Response Code\u201d. GPS facility is used for validation of the ticket at the source and destination, where ticket expires once it is rescanned. The information about purchased ticket is stored in firebase. The information of every user is stored in a cloud database for security purpose which is unavailable in the current metro railway system. Also ticket-checker is going to be given QR-code scanner, with that he\/she will get the complete details of the user, along with the ticket number and status of the ticket.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 77-80\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 23 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sri Anjali Devi G<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Vandana K<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Mahalaxmi U<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Nasution SM, Husni EM, Wuryandari AI. IEEE International Conference on System Engineering and Technology; 2012 Sep 11-12. p. 1\u20136. Available from:<br \/>\r\nhttp:\/\/toc.proceedings.com\/16231webtoc.pdf<br \/>\r\n[2]. Baia A, Ferreira J, Filipe P, Cunha G. Android as a Cloud Ticket Validator. IEEE International Conference on Cloud &amp; Ubiquitous Computing and Emerging Technologies; 2013. p. 1\u20137. Available from: http:\/\/toc.proceedings.com\/20857webtoc.pdf<br \/>\r\n[3]. Man Mohan Swarup, Abhiram Dwivedi, Chanchal<br \/>\r\nSonkar, Rajendra Prasad, Monark Bag, Vrijendra Singh,<br \/>\r\nA QR Code Based Processing .For Dynamic and Transparent Seat Allocation in Indian Railway\u2016, IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, and Vol. 9, Issue 3, No 1, May 2012.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Karthick SI, Velmurugan, Android suburban railway ticketing with GPS as ticket checker\u2016, IEEE; 2013. p. 14.<br \/>\r\n[5]. Sadaf Sheikh, Gayatri Shinde, Tazeen Shaikh, \u2015Urban railway ticketing application\u2016, International Journal Of Advance Research In Computer Science And Software Engineering Vol. 4, Issue 1.<br \/>\r\n[6]. 2012 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and Computing Technologies<br \/>\r\n(ICACCCT) Android Suburban with GPS as a ticket<br \/>\r\nchecker.<br \/>\r\n[7]. 2018 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Android Suburban Railway ticketingVol.5, Issue 3.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Sri Anjali Devi G, Vandana K, Mahalaxmi U &#8220;Android Application for Metro Railway Ticket Booking and Checking Using QR-Code and GPS&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.77-80 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/77-80.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/77-80.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/android-application-for-metro-railway-ticket-booking-and-checking-using-qr-code-and-gps\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Android Application for Metro Railway Ticket Booking and Checking Using QR-Code and GPS<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f36f5e elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f36f5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f376a0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f376a0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f377f5\" data-id=\"6f377f5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f378fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f378fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3799a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3799a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f37ada\" data-id=\"6f37ada\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f37bee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f37bee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f37c89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f37c89\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f37dd4\" data-id=\"6f37dd4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f37ed5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f37ed5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f37f89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f37f89\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f380f6\" data-id=\"6f380f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f38203 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f38203\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Ownership Concentration and Financial Performance of Quoted Building Materials Firms in Nigeria<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Yakubu Abubakar, Ese Theresa Esenohor and Dangana Umaru &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 81-84<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3829c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3829c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f38402\" data-id=\"6f38402\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f38534 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f38534\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This study examines the impact of ownership concentration on financial performance of quoted building material firms in Nigeria. The population of the study consists of six (6) firms quoted on the Nigerian stock exchange as at 31st December 2017 out of which four (4) firms were selected using two criteria as the sampling technique which are Cement Company that made available their annual report of fourteen (14) years and Cement Company quoted on the Nigerian stock exchange before 2004. The study uses multiple regressions as a tool for analysis. The study reveals that ownership concentration showed a positive significant impact on financial performance of building materials firms in Nigeria. The study concludes that ownership concentration affects financial performance of building materials firms in Nigeria and therefore recommends that Security and Exchange Commission should encourage more potential concentrated owners to invest in long term investment in building materials industry.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 81-84\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 23 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Yakubu Abubakar<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ese Theresa Esenohor<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nCollege of Education, Warri, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dangana Umaru<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nCollege of Education, Gidan Waya, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Chen &amp; Swan (2010), Institutional Trader Monitoring and Firm Performance; University of New South Wales, Wales.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Fama, E. F. &amp; Jensen,M. C. (1988), Agency Problems and Residual Claims, The Journal of Law and Economics, 26, pp. 327-349.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Friedman, M. (nd), Shareholder Theory.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Genc, A. &amp; Angelo, P. (2012), Ownership Concentration and Effects over Firm Performance: Evidences from Italy, European Scientific Journal, vol. 8, No.22 ISSN: 1857 \u2013 7881, Italy.<br \/>\r\n[5]. Hermalin, B.E &amp; Weisbach (2000), Board of Directors as Endogenously Determined Institution: A Survey of the Economic Literature, Ohio State University, Department of Finance, National Bureau of Economic Research, United States.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Gujarati (2004), Basic Econometrics, Fourth edition<br \/>\r\n[7]. Glenn (2007), A Theory Of Foreign Policy, Journal of Public and International Affairs, Volume 122, Issue 2.<br \/>\r\n[8]. Ghasemi and Zahediasl (2012), Normality Test For Statistical Analysis: A Guide for Non- Statisticians, International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism.<br \/>\r\n[9]. Jean, M.S. &amp; Hadiya, O.G. (2010), Institutional Investors\u2019 Typology and Firm Performance: The Case of French Firms, International Journal Of Business, 15(1), 1083-4346.<br \/>\r\n[10]. Kamran, A., Sehrish, S.,Saleem, F. Yasir, M. &amp; Shehzad, F. (2012), Impact Of Concentrated Ownership On Firm Performance : Evidence From Karachi Stock Exchange, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, Vol. 4, No. 5.<br \/>\r\n[11]. Khoshkhoo, O.I, Heydari, S.E, Rezaloie, A.,Jalali, A.G, &amp; Poorghorban, A. (2013) Studying Relationship Between Ownership Concentration and Corporate Performance in Companies Accepted In Tehran Stock Exchange, Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, ISSN 2090 \u2013 4304.<br \/>\r\n[12]. Lina, M., Soud, M.A., Nimer, S. &amp; Alnimer, M. (2013), The Relationship between Ownership Concentration and Company Performance, A Case of Jordanian Non-Financial Listed Companies, Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, Vol. 4, No. 9.<br \/>\r\n[13]. Pinar, M.G. &amp; Kurt, G.G. (2008), Ownership Concentration, Managerial Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from Turkey, Faculty of Business, Department of Accounting and Finance, Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey.<br \/>\r\n[14]. Reuben, G. &amp; Narine, M. (2004), The Effect of Ownership Type and Concentration on Performance of Joint Stock Companies in Armenia, Armenia International Policy Research Group, Working paper 04\/06.<br \/>\r\n[15]. Waseem, A. &amp; Naila, T. (2011), Impact of Ownership Concentration on the operating Performance of Pakistani Firms, Asian Economic and Financial Review, 1(3),pp.147-150.<br \/>\r\n[16]. Xiaozhou, X., Jin, L &amp; Hong, W. (2008), Stock Ownership Concentration and Firm Performance \u2013 An Empirical Study Based on IPO Companies In China, International Management Review, Vol. 4 No. 2.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Yakubu Abubakar, Ese Theresa Esenohor and Dangana Umaru &#8220;Ownership Concentration and Financial Performance of Quoted Building Materials Firms in Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.81-84 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/81-84.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/81-84.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/ownership-concentration-and-financial-performance-of-quoted-building-materials-firms-in-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ownership Concentration and Financial Performance of Quoted Building Materials Firms in Nigeria<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f39339 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f39339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3941a 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elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f39a5c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f39bbc\" data-id=\"6f39bbc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f39cc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f39cc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f39d5f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f39d5f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f39ea8\" data-id=\"6f39ea8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f39fab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f39fab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a047 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3a047\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a18a\" data-id=\"6f3a18a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a291 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3a291\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a32a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3a32a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a48a\" data-id=\"6f3a48a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a645 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3a645\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Mangroves Profiling and Decision Support System in DENR (CENRO) Palo Leyte<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Engr. Dennis S. Tibe &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 85-89<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a702 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3a702\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a87f\" data-id=\"6f3a87f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3a9a1 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f3a9a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The study focused on presenting and manipulating mangroves data and support the decision making of the admin through the system entitled Mangroves Profiling and Decisions Support System. The study will shows patial or geographic data of Mangroves in Brgy. Burayan, Paraiso, and Kataisan San Jose, Tacloban City in terms of the status of mangrove trees and species composition of mangroves in different sites. The study used descriptive and developmental method research in this study. The research locale of the study is Brgy. Burayan, Paraiso, and Kataisan, San Jose, Tacloban City. DENR (CENRO) office of Palo Leyte serves as the beneficiary. The study showed the location of the different species and conditions of the mangroves in the barangay. It also provided information to the DENR the area of the barangays were mangroves are needed to be planted due to deforestation. The researcher concluded that the system is capable of using in a way that the system gives precise information to the admin and viewer. It is of significance for the admin to support the decision-making through the encoded data. Pertinent and concise information necessary is in the developed system. The system is appropriate for use because of its high security in keeping data for an extended period.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 85-89\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 23 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Engr. Dennis S. Tibe<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nLeyte Normal University, Philippines<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Benz UC, Hoffmann P, Willhauck G, Lingenfelder I, Heynen M (2004) Multiresolution, fuzzy object-oriented analysis of remote sensing data for GIS-ready information. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 58:239\u2013258<br \/>\r\n[2]. Berner, E. S. (2007). Clinical decision support systems (Vol. 233). New York: Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Long, Jordan et al. \u201cMapping and Monitoring Assessment of the Philippines\u2019 Mangrove Forests from 1990 to 2010.\u201d Journal of Coastal Research, vol. 30, no. 2, Allen Press Publishing Services, Mar. 2014, p. 260<br \/>\r\n[4]. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume III-8, 2016<br \/>\r\n[5]. Offender Profiling: Theory, Research,and practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.https:\/\/www.Wiley.com\/en-us\/Offender+Profiling%3A+Theory%2C+Reseaerch+and+Pratice<br \/>\r\n[6]. Joseph G. Walls, George R. Widmeyer, Omar A. El Sawy, March (2010)<br \/>\r\n[7]. Prague, Czech Republic 12\u201319 July (2016): XXIII ISPRS Congress,<br \/>\r\n[8]. Robert R.Twilley December (1999): Volume 37, Issues 8\u201312,<br \/>\r\n[9]. Sheppard E.S. (1979) Spatial Interaction and Geographic Theory. In: Gale S., Olsson G. (eds) Philosophy in Geography. Theory and Decision Library (An International Series in the Philosophy and Methodology of the Social and Behavioral Sciences), vol 20. Springer, Dordrecht<br \/>\r\n[10]. Valiela ET. Al, 2001; Walters, 2005; Alongi, 2007; Alongi&amp; de Carvalho, 2008.<br \/>\r\n[11]. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/decision-theory<br \/>\r\n[12]. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4587053\/<br \/>\r\n[13]. http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/1vr640bw#page-12<br \/>\r\n[14]. http:\/\/www.fao.org\/docrep\/ARTICLE\/WFC\/XII\/0032-C1.HTM<br \/>\r\n[15]. http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2212682113000334<br \/>\r\n[16]. https:\/\/www.nature.org\/media\/oceansandcoasts\/mangroves-for-coastal-<br \/>\r\n[17]. http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0025326X9900137X<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Engr. Dennis S. Tibe &#8220;Mangroves Profiling and Decision Support System in DENR (CENRO) Palo Leyte&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.85-89 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/85-89.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/85-89.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/mangroves-profiling-and-decision-support-system-in-denr-cenro-palo-leyte\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mangroves Profiling and Decision Support System in DENR (CENRO) Palo Leyte<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3b77f elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f3b77f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3c762 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3c762\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3c8bc\" data-id=\"6f3c8bc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3c9c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3c9c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Extent of School-Related Stress Occurrence among Secondary School Teachers in Anambra State: Implication for Health Counselling<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Juliana Azuka Akuezuilo, Ifeanyi Mathew Azuji &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 90-94<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3ca61 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3ca61\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3cbc1\" data-id=\"6f3cbc1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3ccdf elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f3ccdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">School-related stress has become a noteworthy issue and of serious concern to scholars and stakeholders in education. This study determined the extent of school related stress occurrence among public secondary school teachers in Anambra State. Specifically, the study sought to determine the extent to which school related stress is associated with instructional delivery and social support\/climate work domain of teachers. The study was carried out in Anambra State of Nigeria using a descriptive survey design. The sample comprised of 1,574 teachers drawn from a population of 5,634 teachers using a multi-stage sampling procedure. A validated instrument titled \u201cExtent of Occurrence of School-Related Stress Inventory for Teachers was used for data collection. The instrument has reliability coefficient of 0.60 and 0.80 for the two clusters. Data collected were analysed using SPSS. Summated scores and percentages were used to answer research questions. Findings revealed that most secondary school teachers experienced school related stress associated with instructional delivery and social support\/climate work domain to a high extent. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the school management should focus intervention at a targeted area where the highest school-related stress occurred. Intervention efforts should therefore be channeled at helping secondary school teachers\u2019 deal with the job demand in the domain which often leads to stress.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 90-94\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 23 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Juliana Azuka Akuezuilo<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Guidance and Counselling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Akwa, Anambra State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ifeanyi Mathew Azuji<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Guidance and Counselling, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Akwa, Anambra State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Agai\u2013Demjaha, T, Minov, J., Stoleski, S. &amp;Zafirova, B. (2015). Stress Causing Factors Among Teachers in Elementary Schools and Their Relationship with Demographic and Job Characteristics. Macedonia Journal of Medical Science, 3(3), 493\u2013499. doi: 10.3889\/oamjms.2015.077<br \/>\r\n[2]. Adeniyi, S. O.; Aremum, F.O. &amp;Adeyinka, T. (2010). Perceived causes of job stress among special educators in selected special and integrated schools in Nigeria. New Horizons in Education, 58(2), 73 \u2013 82.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Akinmayowa, J.T. &amp;Kadiri, P.A. (2014). Stress among academic staff in a nigerian university. Covenant Journal of Business and Social Sciences (CJBSS), 65(1) 73-91.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Al-Abdali, K. (2012). Mental toughness and its relationship to methods of coping with the psychological stress among a sample of secondary school high and ordinary achievers in Makkah (Masters Thesis, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah).<br \/>\r\n[5]. Akhlaq, M.; Amjad, B. M.; Mehmood, K.; Hassan, S. &amp; Malik, S. (2010). An evaluation of the effects of stress on the job performance of secondary school teachers.Journal of Law and Psychology. ISSN: 2078-1083, 43\u201454.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Aralu, G. N. (2012). Sources of stress and stress management strategies among secondary school teachers in Onitsha Urban.Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/naudigitallibrary.wordpress.com\/2012\/12\/<br \/>\r\n[7]. Health and Safety Executive (HSE, 2018).Work related stress depression or anxiety statistics in Great Britain. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.hse.gov.uk\/statistics\/causdis\/stress.pdf<br \/>\r\n[8]. Selye, H. (1978). Stress without Distress. New York: Corgi Publishers. The Different types of stress. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.thehealthcenter.info\/adult-stress\/types-of-stress.htm<br \/>\r\n[9]. Talafha, H. (2013). Work stress on social studies teachers of public basic schools in jordan and its resulting problems. The Journal of the Islamic University for Educational and Psychological Studies, 21(1), 257-294.<br \/>\r\n[10]. Weinstein, T. (2013).The development of an instrument to measure ell teacher work stress (Published Dissertation, Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Chicago). Retrieved from https:\/\/indigo.uic.edu\/bitstream\/handle\/<br \/>\r\n[11]. York-Barr, J., Ghere, G., &amp;Sommerness, J. (2007). Collaborative teaching to increase ELL student learning: A three-year urban elementary case study. Journal of Education forStudents Placed at Risk, 12(3), 301-335.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Juliana Azuka Akuezuilo, Ifeanyi Mathew Azuji &#8220;Extent of School-Related Stress Occurrence among Secondary School Teachers in Anambra State: Implication for Health Counselling&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.90-94 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/90-94.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/90-94.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/extent-of-school-related-stress-occurrence-among-secondary-school-teachers-in-anambra-state-implication-for-health-counselling\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Extent of School-Related Stress Occurrence among Secondary School Teachers in Anambra State: Implication for Health Counselling<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3da96 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern 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data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3e6bc\" data-id=\"6f3e6bc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3e7c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3e7c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3e85b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3e85b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3e9a9\" data-id=\"6f3e9a9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3eab6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3eab6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3ebb3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3ebb3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3ed66\" data-id=\"6f3ed66\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3eea3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3eea3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3ef75 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3ef75\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3f105\" data-id=\"6f3f105\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3f234 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f3f234\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Challenges Encountered In the Historical Development of Education for Persons with Visual Impairments in Kenya (1945-2013)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Muigai Solomon Chege, Geoffrey Karugu , Fatuma Chege &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 95-100<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f3f2d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f3f2d7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f3f44a\" data-id=\"6f3f44a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3f590 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f3f590\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The purpose of this study was to identify challenges encountered in the historical development of education for Persons with Visual Impairments in Kenya between 1945 and 2013. The study sampled three counties of Kenya namely; Nairobi city, Kiambu and Meru. Historical method was the main research approach. A historical method reconstructs the happenings of past in a particular context. Purposive sampling was used to select 11 participants who were interviewed. Documentary analysis and interviews were used to collect the raw data. The documents from which data were gathered were evaluated through external and internal criticisms to establish their genuineness and accuracy. The collected data were manually analyzed through a historical sequencing style of word narratives through comparisons and judgment. The study noted that the main challenge in the historical development of education for Persons with Visual Impairments was the financing of the relatively expensive instructional materials and specialized equipment and their maintenance. Notably, this challenge on financing has persisted to the present day suggesting that historical knowledge did not seem to inform contemporary planning of education for Persons with Visual Impairments. The main recommendation from this study is that; successive Kenya governments need to uptake historical lessons regarding the education for Persons with Visual Impairments and begin by increasing budgetary funds that are commensurate to the comparatively high costs of instructional materials, specialized equipment and their maintenance as a matter of key policy undertaking aimed at enhancing quality of education for all learners in an inclusive manner.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 95-100\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 23 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Muigai Solomon Chege<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Special Needs Education, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100 Nairobi, Kenya<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Geoffrey Karugu <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Special Needs Education, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100 Nairobi, Kenya<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Fatuma Chege<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Special Needs Education, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100 Nairobi, Kenya<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Cohen, L. and Manion, L. (1995). Research methods in education (4th edition). London: Routledge.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Government of Kenya. (2010). Kenya population and housing census (2009). Volume II. Nairobi: Government Printers.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Heward, L. W. (1996). Exceptional children: An introduction to special education (2nd edition). U.S.A: Prentice Hall, Inc.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Heward, L. W. (2003). Exceptional children: an introduction to special education (7th edition). U.S.A: Merrill Prentice Hall.<br \/>\r\n[5]. Hodkinson, A. and Vickerman, V. (2009). Key issues in special educational needs and inclusion. London: Sage Publications.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Kamere, I. (2004). The development of special education for PH children in Kenya: 1945- 2003.KenyattaUniversity: Unpublished Ph.D Thesis.<br \/>\r\n[7]. Klinghammer, H.D. (1964). Social perception of the deaf and of the blind by their voices and their speech. Washington D.C: U.S. Government Printing Office.<br \/>\r\n[8]. Kochung Report. (2003). Report on task force on special needs education; Appraisal exercise. Nairobi: MOE.<br \/>\r\n[9]. MOE. (2009). The national special needs education policy framework. Nairobi: Government printers.<br \/>\r\n[10]. Mugo, B.C. (2007). Instructional technology in the facilitation of learning by visually impaired learners in upper primary classes in Kenya. Kenyatta University: Unpublished M.Ed Thesis.<br \/>\r\n[11]. Oketch, A. S. (2009). Special Education in Kenya evolution or revolution: comparison with the British system of special education. Wichita state University: Published M.Ed Thesis. Retrieved on 21 July, 2011, from http:\/\/soar,wichita,edu\/dspace\/bitstream\/handle\/10057\/2436\/Theses2009SPRING- 13,pdf?sequence=1<br \/>\r\n[12]. Orinda, A. (2008). The history of special education in Kenya: A case of Kisumu and Nyando district 1945 \u2013 2003. Kenyatta University: Unpublished M.Ed Thesis.<br \/>\r\n[13]. Piaget , J. (1985). The equilibrium of cognitive structures. USA: Chicago Press.<br \/>\r\n[14]. Randiki, F. O. (2002). Distance learning; Historical development of special needs education. Nairobi: KISE.<br \/>\r\n[15]. UNESCO (1994). The Salamanca statement and framework for action on special needs education. Paris: UNESCO<br \/>\r\n[16]. United Nations. (1989). The united nations convention on the rights of the child. www.ohchr.org\/english\/law\/pdf\/crc.pdf<br \/>\r\n[17]. United Nations. (2006). Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities. www.un.org\/disabilities\/default.asp?id=259<br \/>\r\n[18]. Wairimu, M. (2013). Factors Influencing Mathematics Performance among Learners with Low Vision in integrated public schools. Kenyatta University. Unpublished Thesis.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Muigai Solomon Chege, Geoffrey Karugu , Fatuma Chege &#8220;Challenges Encountered In the Historical Development of Education for Persons with Visual Impairments in Kenya (1945-2013)&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.95-100 May 2019\u00a0 URL:\u00a0https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/95-100.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/95-100.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/challenges-encountered-in-the-historical-development-of-education-for-persons-with-visual-impairments-in-kenya-1945-2013\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Challenges Encountered In the Historical Development of Education for Persons with Visual Impairments in Kenya (1945-2013)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f404bd elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget 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class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f40a91\" data-id=\"6f40a91\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f40b9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f40b9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f40c43 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f40c43\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f40d91\" data-id=\"6f40d91\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f40e97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f40e97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f40f2e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f40f2e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f41078\" data-id=\"6f41078\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f41184 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f41184\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f4121d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f4121d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f4135f\" data-id=\"6f4135f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f41469 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f41469\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f41502 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f41502\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f4166e\" data-id=\"6f4166e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f417a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f417a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>A Study of Different Oscillators: Electronically Tunable Sinusoidal Oscillator Circuit<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Thrapthi Shetty &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 101-102<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f41856 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f41856\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f419d9\" data-id=\"6f419d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f41afe elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f41afe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">A signal generating circuit is one of the most important building blocks in analog, digital and mixed-signal designs. Oscillators play a critical role in communication systems, providing periodic signals required for timing in digital circuits and frequency translation in radio frequency (RF) circuits. If the output signal varies sinusoidally ,the circuit is referred as sinusoidal oscillator.If the output varies quickly to one voltage level and later drops quickly to another voltage level,the circuit is referred to as square wave oscillator. The oscillator works on the principle of the oscillation and it is a mechanical or electronic device. The periodic variation between the two things is based on the changes in the energy. The oscillations are used in the watches, radios, metal detectors and in many other devices use the oscillators. oscillators are an important class of every electronic circuits and are used in almost every electronic systems.for example,oscillators are employed to produce sinusoidal signals that are used as carrier in radio and television broadcasts.oscillators are also used to produce the square wave used as clock in computers and other synchronous digital systems. This paper presents the design of Hartley and Colpitts oscillator. The Hartley oscillator is an electronic oscillator. The frequency of this oscillation is determined by the tuned circuit. The tuned circuit consists of the capacitor and inductor, hence it is an LC oscillator. The Colpitts Oscillator was by American engineering by Edwin H. Colpitts in the year of 1918. This oscillator is a combination of both inductors and capacitor.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 101-102\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Thrapthi Shetty<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Razavi B Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits. McGraw-Hill..<br \/>\r\n[2]. Robert L Boylestad,Louis Nashelsky.Electronic devices and circuit theory,11th edition,ISBN 978-93-325-4260-0.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Thrapthi Shetty &#8220;A Study of Different Oscillators: Electronically Tunable Sinusoidal Oscillator Circuit&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.101-102 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/101-102.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/101-102.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/a-study-of-different-oscillators-electronically-tunable-sinusoidal-oscillator-circuit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>A Study of Different Oscillators: Electronically Tunable Sinusoidal Oscillator Circuit<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f428f1 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f428f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f429bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f429bf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f42b29\" data-id=\"6f42b29\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f45c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f45c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f45d20 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f45d20\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f45ef4\" data-id=\"6f45ef4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4602e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f4602e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Artificial Neural Network for Forecasting Series Data using Multi-Layer Perceptron<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Arpitha K Shetty, Pratheksha Rai N, Bhargavi K &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 103-105<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f460da elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f460da\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f46264\" data-id=\"6f46264\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f46391 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f46391\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Dollar rate prediction is a classification problem, which helps to forecast the next day dollar rate based on the history of dollar rate. The result of the work is the prediction of dollar rate which helps the untrained traders to make decisions. The proposed work is to forecast the dollar rate series data for various applications by using neural network. The advantage of using neural network is that it will predict the future even in the presence of hidden data. The dollar rate prediction using Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model is proposed. The dollar rate prediction problem is built by using the mathematical operations, so that this project is implemented in R language.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 103-105\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Arpitha K Shetty<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Pratheksha Rai N<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Bhargavi K<\/strong><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Krupanidhi Degree College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Kalyani Dacha \u201cCausal Modeling of Stock Market Prices using Neural Networks and Multiple Regression: A Comparison Report,\u201d 2007, Finance India, Vol. xxi , No.3,p-923-930.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Ripley , B.D \u201cPattern Recognition and Neural Networks,\u201d Cambridge University Press.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Sharda , R. and Patil, R., \u201cNeural Networks as forecasting experts: an empirical test,\u201c Proceedings of the 1990 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Vol1,p 491-494, Washington DC,USA.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Tang , Almeida and Fishwick, \u201cSimulation, Time series forecasting using neural networks vs. Box-Jenkins methodology\u201d ,November 1991, pp303- 310<br \/>\r\n[5]. Bishop, C.M., \u201cNeural Networks for Pattern Recognition,\u201d Oxford University press.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Arpitha K Shetty, Pratheksha Rai N, Bhargavi K &#8220;Artificial Neural Network for Forecasting Series Data using Multi-Layer Perceptron&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.103-105 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/103-105.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/103-105.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/artificial-neural-network-for-forecasting-series-data-using-multi-layer-perceptron\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Artificial Neural Network for Forecasting Series Data using Multi-Layer Perceptron<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f47165 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f47165\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f4723e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f4723e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f473b7\" data-id=\"6f473b7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f474cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f474cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f4756a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f4756a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f476e3\" data-id=\"6f476e3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f477f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f477f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Artificial Neural Network for Prediction of Data by Recurrent Neural Network Model<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Arpitha K Shetty, Pratheksha Rai N, Bhargavi K &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 106-108<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f47899 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f47899\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f47a13\" data-id=\"6f47a13\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f47b3f elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f47b3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Dollar rate prediction is a classification problem, which helps to forecast the next day dollar rate based on the history of dollar rate. The motivation for this work is that the prediction of dollar rate which helps the untrained traders to make decisions. The technical analysts trace the patterns that archived by study of charts and graphs to predict the future dollar rate. The advantage of using neural network is that it will predict the future even in the presence of hidden data. The proposed work is to forecast the dollar rate series data for various applications by using neural network. The dollar rate prediction using Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is proposed. The dollar rate prediction problem is built by using the mathematical operations, so that this project is implemented in R language.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 106-108\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Arpitha K Shetty<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Pratheksha Rai N<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Bhargavi K<\/strong><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Krupanidhi Degree College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Kalyani Dacha \u201cCausal Modeling of Stock Market Prices using Neural Networks and Multiple Regression: A Comparison Report,\u201d 2007, Finance India, Vol. xxi , No.3,p-923-930.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Ripley , B.D \u201cPattern Recognition and Neural Networks,\u201d Cambridge University Press.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Sharda , R. and Patil, R., \u201cNeural Networks as forecasting experts: an empirical test,\u201c Proceedings of the 1990 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Vol1,p 491-494, Washington DC,USA.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Tang , Almeida and Fishwick, \u201cSimulation, Time series forecasting using neural networks vs. Box-Jenkins methodology\u201d ,November 1991, pp303- 310<br \/>\r\n[5]. Bishop, C.M., \u201cNeural Networks for Pattern Recognition,\u201d Oxford University press<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Arpitha K Shetty, Pratheksha Rai N, Bhargavi K &#8220;Artificial Neural Network for Prediction of Data by Recurrent Neural Network Model&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.106-108 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/106-108.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/106-108.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/artificial-neural-network-for-prediction-of-data-by-recurrent-neural-network-model\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Artificial Neural Network for Prediction of Data by Recurrent Neural Network Model<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4a8fe elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f4a8fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f4a9f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f4a9f8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f4aba0\" data-id=\"6f4aba0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4ace1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f4ace1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f4ada3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f4ada3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f4af5c\" data-id=\"6f4af5c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4b0aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f4b0aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>A Novel Approach for Prediction Challenges by Statistical Performance Using Artificial Neural Network <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Arpitha K Shetty, Pratheksha Rai N, Bhargavi K &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 109-112<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f4b157 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f4b157\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f4b2e8\" data-id=\"6f4b2e8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f4b440 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f4b440\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The various models are proposed to handle the dollar rate predictions by using mathematical operations like conventional methods, support vector machines, artificial neural networks, association rule mining, markov model etc. We proposed this work to forecast the dollar rate series data for varies applications by using neural network. This is done by benchmarking the statistical performance of an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, and two NNs, namely a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Simple Average method(SM). The statistical performance is measured based on Mean absolute error (MEA) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). This work proposed that MEA and RMS errors of MLP and SM is less as compare to the RNN, ARIMA methods. Hence the MLP neural network and SM will provide accurate results compare to RNN and ARIMA model based on the statistical performance.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 109-112\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Arpitha K Shetty<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Pratheksha Rai N<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Bhargavi K<\/strong><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Krupanidhi Degree College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Kalyani Dacha \u201cCausal Modeling of Stock Market Prices using Neural Networks and Multiple Regression: A Comparison Report,\u201d 2007, Finance India, Vol. xxi , No.3,p-923-930.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Ripley , B.D \u201cPattern Recognition and Neural Networks,\u201d Cambridge University Press.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Sharda , R. and Patil, R., \u201cNeural Networks as forecasting experts: an empirical test,\u201c Proceedings of the 1990 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Vol1,p 491-494, Washington DC,USA.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Tang , Almeida and Fishwick, \u201cSimulation, Time series forecasting using neural networks vs. Box-Jenkins methodology\u201d ,November 1991, pp303- 310<br \/>\r\n[5]. Bishop, C.M., \u201cNeural Networks for Pattern Recognition,\u201d Oxford University press.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Arpitha K Shetty, Pratheksha Rai N, Bhargavi K &#8220;A Novel Approach for Prediction Challenges by Statistical Performance Using Artificial Neural Network &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.109-112 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/109-112.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/109-112.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/a-novel-approach-for-prediction-challenges-by-statistical-performance-using-artificial-neural-network\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>A Novel Approach for Prediction Challenges by Statistical Performance Using Artificial Neural Network <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f507a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f507a5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5092e\" data-id=\"6f5092e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f50a68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f50a68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f50b0b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f50b0b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f50c7e\" data-id=\"6f50c7e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f50d8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f50d8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Third Generation Solid State Drives<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Thrapthi Shetty &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 121-122<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f50e35 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f50e35\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f50fa7\" data-id=\"6f50fa7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f51126 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f51126\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">solid state is a term that refers to electronic circuitry that is built entirely out of semiconductors. the term was originally used to define those electronics such as a transistor radio that used semiconductors rather than vaccum tubes in construction. A Solid state drive (SSD) is a non volatile memory system that emulates a magnetic hard disk drive (HDD).SSD depends on flash memory chips to store data ,it does not contain moving parts. With proper design, SSD provides high data transfer rates, low access time, improved tolerance to shock and vibration and reduced power consumption. The improved performance and durability outweigh the higher cost of an SSD relative to an HDD for some applications.SSD uses NANdD based flash memory or DRAM to store data.SSD uses solid state memory to store persistent data. HDDs store their data on spinning metal plateers, and whenever computer wants to access data, a little needle \u2013like component called the \u201chead\u201d moves to the data\u2019s position and provides it to the computer writing data to a HDD works in a similar fashion, where parts are constantly moving, SSDs don\u2019t move. SSD process seems a bit more direct and efficient, speed is the primary advantage of an SSD over a traditional HDD.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 121-122\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Thrapthi Shetty<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication, A.J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. J.katcher.PostMark:\u201dA new solid state drives\u201d.technical report TR3022,network appliance<br \/>\r\n[2]. Nath and A.Kansal.FlashDB:\u201dDynamic self tuning database for NAND flash\u201d<br \/>\r\n[3]. A Birrell.M.Isard,CThacker,and T.Wobber.\u201dA design for high performance flash disks\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Thrapthi Shetty &#8220;Third Generation Solid State Drives&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.121-122 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/121-122.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/121-122.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/third-generation-solid-state-drives\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Third Generation Solid State Drives<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f51e96 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f51e96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f51f67 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f51f67\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f520d3\" data-id=\"6f520d3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f55d30 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f55d30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f55e38 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f55e38\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f56000\" data-id=\"6f56000\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5613d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f5613d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Agroforestry Ecological Zone Modeling Guidelines For Hill Regions<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Dr. M. S. A. Chowdhury, Dr. M. S. Amin- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 123-129<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f561e9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f561e9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f56365\" data-id=\"6f56365\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5649f elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f5649f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Agro-ecology believed to provide the opportunities to circumvent the two disciplines \u2013 agronomy, forestry and in place of monoculture shift to polycultural system which tends to lead to the natural ecosystem. In large agroecological entity agriculture, forestry and agroforestry are treated not as separate disciplines. The agroecological zones (AEZ) of Bangladesh are classified primarily on the basis of land type, soil characteristics, soil-water regime and agro-climatic factors. From the dawn of civilization, sustainable food security has been a major human goal.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 123-129\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. M. S. A. Chowdhury <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nEx-Deputy Cheif Conservator of Forests, Forest Department, Govt. of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. M. S. Amin<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nEx-Dean, Faculty of Post Graduate Studies, HMD Science and Technology University<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Ahmed, M. and M. H. Ali. 2003. Agroforestry-environmental linkages and different tree species in homegarden. Lecture note prepared for the Agroforestry Training Workshop held at BARC, Dhaka. 51-81.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Forestry Master Plan, 1992. Participatory Forestry. Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of Bangladesh and Asian Development Bank, Dhaka\/Manila.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Hasanuzzaman, M. 2009. Introduction to Agroforestry, Web: www.hasanuzzaman.webs.com<br \/>\r\n[4]. Islam, M. W. 2013. Comparative Financial Analysis of agroforestry land uses: cropland agroforestry, homestead agroforestry and annual cropping in Rajshahi district, Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany: 172.<br \/>\r\n[5]. IUCN, 2002. Bio-ecological zones of Bangladesh. IUCN (Bangladesh) publication: 141.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Jensen, M. 1995. Woodfuel productivity of agroforestry systems in Asia. A review of current knowledge. GCP\/RAS\/154\/NET, field document no. 45. Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia. FAO, Bangkok: 40.<br \/>\r\n[7]. Kumar, B. M. and P. K. R. Nair. 2004. The enigma of tropical homegardens. Agroforestry Systems, Springer. 6(1): 135\u2013152.<br \/>\r\n[8]. Lundgreen B. O. and J. B. Raintree. 1982. Sustained Agroforestry: Agricultural Research for Development Potentials and Challenges in Asia, Nestel. B (ed), Hague, Netherlands, ISNAR: 37-49.<br \/>\r\n[9]. Ma, et. al. 2009. Response of hydrological processes to land-cover and climate changes in Kejje watershed, south-west China. Hydrol Process. Available from doi:10.1002\/ hyp.7233.<br \/>\r\n[10]. Martin F. W. and S. Sherman. 1992. Climate Resilient Agriculture for Ensuring Food Security, Reddy, P. P (ed), Springer: 344.<br \/>\r\n[11]. Mutegi et. al. 2008. Combining napier grass with leguminous shrubs in contour hedgerows controls soil erosion without competing with crops. Agroforestry Systems. 74:37-49.<br \/>\r\n[12]. Singh. G. B. 1987. Agroforestry in the Indian Subcontinent: Past, Present &amp; Future Agroforestry a Decade of Development. Steppler, H. A. and Nair P. K. R. (eds), ICRAF Publication: 117-140.<br \/>\r\n[13]. Snelder, D. J. and R. D. Lasco, 2008. Smallholder Tree Growing in South and Southeast Asia. In: Nair, P. K. R., Snelder, D. J. and Lasco, R. D (eds.), Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services: lessons from Asia. Advances in Agroforestry. Springer Science, Leiden, The Netherlands. 5: 3-36.<br \/>\r\n[14]. Soemarwoto, O. 1987. Homegardens: a traditional agroforestry system with a promising future. Agroforestry: a decade of development. Steppler, H. A. and Nair, P. K. R. (eds.), ICRAF, Nairobi: 157\u2013170.<br \/>\r\n[15]. Wiersum, K. F. 2006. Diversity and change in homegarden cultivation in Indonesia. Tropical Homegardens: at time-tested example of sustainable agroforestry. Kuma, B. M. and Nair, P. K. R. (eds), Springer Science, Dordrecht, The Netherlands: 13-24.<br \/>\r\n[16]. Wojikowski, P. A. 2002. Agro-ecological perspectives in agronomy forestry and agroforestry. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, India: 356.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Dr. M. S. A. Chowdhury, Dr. M. S. Amin &#8220;Agroforestry Ecological Zone Modeling Guidelines For Hill Regions&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.123-129 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/123-129.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/123-129.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/agroforestry-ecological-zone-modeling-guidelines-for-hill-regions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Agroforestry Ecological Zone Modeling Guidelines For Hill Regions<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f57351 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f57351\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5742c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5742c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f575b3\" data-id=\"6f575b3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f576ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f576ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f57780 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f57780\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f578f7\" data-id=\"6f578f7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f57a08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f57a08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>The Flipped Classroom: A Twirl on Pedagogy<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Semiu Olawale Makinde, PhD- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 130-134<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f57aa2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f57aa2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f57c18\" data-id=\"6f57c18\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f57d48 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f57d48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The traditional classroom has applied the \u201cI Achieve\u201d, \u201cYou Achieve\u201d, \u201cWe Achieve\u201d as an approach for teaching and learning for many years. The flipped classroom turns around the table. The teacher utilizes \u201cYou Achieve\u201d, \u201cWe Achieve\u201d, I Achieve\u201d as a substitute. Flipped classroom \u201cupturned\u201d classroom where homework, investigation and further readings occurred in the classroom. In addition, students involved in preliminary class activities at home such as watching lesson videos, PowerPoint and summary readings. After this, students come to class not as students but as \u201cteachers\u201d ready to start solving problems, probing solutions and appraising text. However, the flipped classroom is still very new in the teaching profession as a strategy for teaching. Although, it has been in use from primary school to the higher institution in many nations of the world. As with most strategies, the flipped classroom has numerous ways of application in schools. This paper is a position paper on the flipped classroom. It studies and illustrates the implementation and perception of the flipped classroom. Furthermore, the paper provides various methods of implementation and tools applicable in a flipped classroom. Also, the explanation was given on the merits and demerits of the flipped classroom as applicable to all teaching techniques.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 130-134\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 24 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Semiu Olawale Makinde, PhD<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nScience Education Department, Faculty of Education, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Ash, K. (2012) Educators View &#8216;Flipped&#8217; Model\u2019 With a More Critical Eye. Education Week, pS6-S7.<br \/>\r\n[2]. Brunsell, E. and Horejsi, M. (2013) Flipping Your Classroom in One \u2018Take\u2019. The Science Teacher, p.8.<br \/>\r\n[3]. Flipped Learning Network (2012) What do teachers who\u2019ve flipped their classrooms have to report? Technology and Learning, p. 12.<br \/>\r\n[4]. Fulton, K. (2012) The Flipped Classroom: Transforming Education at Byron High School, T.H.E. Journal, p18-20.<br \/>\r\n[5]. Li, G. (2012) Culturally contested pedagogy: Battles of literacy and schooling between mainstream teachers and Asian immigrant parents. Suny Press.<br \/>\r\n[6]. Makinde, S. O. (2017). Effects of A Developed Flipped Classroom Package on Senior Secondary School Students\u2019 Performance in Mathematics in Lagos, Nigeria. Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria<br \/>\r\n[7]. Makinde, S. O. &amp; Yusuf, M. O (2017). The Flipped Classroom: Its Effect on Students\u2019 Performance and Retention in Secondary School Mathematics Classroom. International Journal for Innovative Technology Integration in Education. 1(1), 117-126.<br \/>\r\n[8]. Merriam-Webster Dictionary (1828). &#8220;Definition of PEDAGOGY&#8221;. www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2019-05-19.<br \/>\r\n[9]. Millard, E. (2012) 5 Reasons Flipped Classrooms Work. University Business, p.26-29.<br \/>\r\n[10]. Nielsen, L. (2012) Five Reasons I\u2019m Not Flipping Over the Flipped Classroom. Technology and Learning, p. 46.<br \/>\r\n[11]. Piaget, J., Elkind, D., &amp;. Tenzer, A. (1967). Six psychological studies. Random House New York.<br \/>\r\n[12]. Schmidt, S. M. P., &amp; Ralph, D. L. (2016). The Flipped Classroom: A Twist on Teaching. Contemporary issues in education. 9(1). 1 &#8211; 6.<br \/>\r\n[13]. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind and society: The development of higher mental processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Semiu Olawale Makinde, PhD &#8220;The Flipped Classroom: A Twirl on Pedagogy&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.130-134 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/130-134.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/130-134.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/the-flipped-classroom-a-twirl-on-pedagogy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The Flipped Classroom: A Twirl on Pedagogy<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5b764 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f5b764\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5b843 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5b843\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5b9ce\" data-id=\"6f5b9ce\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5baf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f5baf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5bb9d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5bb9d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5bd0d\" data-id=\"6f5bd0d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5be2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f5be2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>ONLINE SHIKSHA<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Prof. Harish Kunder, Arfa Sultana.F, Thanya PN- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 135-139<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5becd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5becd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5c043\" data-id=\"6f5c043\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5c166 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f5c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In the era of globalization and advanced technology the colleges should upgrade the way conducting the tests and examinations. Online Shiksha is a software solution, which allows the particular institute or organization to conduct and manage examination via online. The online examination can be taken through internet, intranet or Local Area Network. The online Shiksha is web based application, is basically intended at developing software for providing online exams. In the current system examination is taken up manually and generation of results is time consuming, sometimes the results generated are erroneous. So to overcome these issues we use this website, in this paper, the construction of a complete online automatic examination system is analyzed, Specifically, open source software was used to construct a dynamic website for automated student examination in order to support an DBMS database. The application development language is the dynamic programming language for web applications, there will be real time testing environment. Test creation will become easier which will be including insertion of new question, deletion and modification of already existing questions periodically. Paper pattern which includes duration of test, number of questions and marking scheme will have flexibility i.e. faculty will have such options. Results and answers will be displayed instantaneously just after taking up examination. The records of the student will be updated in their profile for future references. There will be zero paper work. Depending upon the type of user our project will be divided into 3 modules namely Administrator, Faculty and Student. The student will have to register themselves before taking up the examination.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 135-139\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 25 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Prof. Harish Kunder<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAlva\u2019s Institute of Engineering &amp; Technology, Mijar, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Arfa Sultana.F<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science, Alva\u2019s Institute of Engineering &amp; Technology, Mijar, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Thanya PN<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nComputer Science, Alva\u2019s Institute of Engineering &amp; Technology, Mijar, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Ivan Bayross, Introduction to Oracle.<br \/>\r\n[2]. James Goodwill, Pure JSP Java Server Pages (A code intensive premium reference)<br \/>\r\n[3]. Peter den Haan, Lance Lavandowska, Sathya Narayana Panduranga and KrishnarajPerrumal; Beginning JSP2: From Novice to Professionals<br \/>\r\n[4]. James Turner, mySQL\u2122 and JSP\u2122 Web Applications: Data-Driven Programming Using Tomcat and MySQL<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Prof. Harish Kunder, Arfa Sultana.F, Thanya PN&#8221;ONLINE SHIKSHA&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.135-139 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/135-139.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/135-139.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/online-shiksha\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>ONLINE SHIKSHA<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d110 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f5d110\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d1f2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5d1f2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d37b\" data-id=\"6f5d37b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d498 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f5d498\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d53d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5d53d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d6ad\" data-id=\"6f5d6ad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d7bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f5d7bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>\u201cReview of Semi Automatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking\u201d<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Neelesh Gupta, Rajeev Arya, Amit Khare, Nilesh Diwakar- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 140-144<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d856 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f5d856\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5d9da\" data-id=\"6f5d9da\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f5db0d elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f5db0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Several studies reflect that scholars had made many types of research on solar panels, Conversion of solar energy into electric energy, tracking of sun, etc. In continuation of aforesaid research, this paper highlights the work done in experimenting with the Semiautomatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking of solar panels. Eventually, some researchers had done sun tracking through the LDR, light sensor and a photodetector. And it has been observed that these tracking systems, help in generating 20-23% extra power in comparison to fixed axis solar panel system. We will deploy the solar tracking system and experiment it by using the Actuator (by programming C) which will be optimized with the help of Keil software through microcontrollers. The actuator will design by me has Motor which runs via C programming and will be based on displacement. Thus, it will be 5 times cheaper than other tracking system counterpart available in market value. The experiment will conduct in Madhya Pradesh state located in the centre of India and has about 300 sunny days per year with annual mean daily global solar radiation in the range of 5-7 kWh\/m2\/day. Hence, the experiment duration chosen for solar tracking will be from 8 am (IST) to 4 pm (IST), during which sun rays are almost perpendicular on the panel. During my study, it was observed that the other technology\/equipment used for sun tracking, were less successful mainly because of seasonal variations and unable to move according to Sun path. These gaps were overcome to large extent through programming-based motor operated Actuator, where the Sun can be tracked in all the seasons (Summer, Spring, Monsoon, Winter) ensuring that Sun rays are perpendicular and help in maximizing output at a reasonable cost. Although initially, it is costly in comparison to fixing axis panel, but in long run yields to more maximum output.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 140-144\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 26 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Neelesh Gupta<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nPG Student, Thermal Department, Truba Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Bhopal, M.P, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Rajeev Arya<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor &#038; Director, Truba Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Bhopal, M.P India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Amit Khare<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor &#038; HOD of Mechanical, Truba Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Bhopal, M.P India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nilesh Diwakar<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor &#038; Principal, Truba Institute of Engineering and Science Technology, Bhopal, M.P India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tS. Chowdhury, \u201cDesign &#038; Estimation of Rooftop Grid-tied Solar Photovoltaic System,\u201d no. May 2016, 2017.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tF. R. Rubio, M. G. Ortega, F. Gordillo, and M. Lo, \u201cApplication of new control strategy for sun tracking,\u201d vol. 48, pp. 2174\u20132184, 2007.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tJ. Rizk and Y. Chaiko, \u201cSolar Tracking System: More Efficient Use of Solar Panels,\u201d Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 784\u2013786, 2008.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tA. Rhif, \u201cA SLIDING MODE CONTROL FOR A SENSORLESS TRACKER: APPLICATION ON A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM,\u201d Int. J. Control Theory Comput. Model., vol. 2, no. 2, 2012.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tB. Balaji and J. A. Arulvizhi, \u201cMaximum Solar Power Tracker Mechanically By Using Dual Axis Tracker,\u201d 2017.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tK. S. Rao, G. Sreedhara Babu, and M. Rajesh, \u201cAUTOMATIC SUN TRACKING SYSTEM WITH DUAL AXIS.\u201d<br \/>\r\n[7].\tP. Deshmukh and A. Thosar, \u201cNew Method for Solar Tracker Using Spiral Spring in Simulink.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Neelesh Gupta, Rajeev Arya, Amit Khare, Nilesh Diwakar&#8221;\u201cReview of Semi Automatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking\u201d&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.140-144 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/140-144.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/140-144.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/review-of-semi-automatic-dual-axis-solar-tracking\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u201cReview of Semi Automatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking\u201d<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f615c9 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f615c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f616a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f616a3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6183f\" data-id=\"6f6183f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6196f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f6196f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f61a0d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f61a0d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f61b89\" data-id=\"6f61b89\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f61caf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f61caf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Trends in Population Growth and Its Effects on Sustainable Land Uses in Obudu, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>OKO, P.E.(Ph.D) &#038; Okpiliya, F. I. (Ph.D)- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 145-153<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f61d53 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f61d53\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f62006\" data-id=\"6f62006\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f62197 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f62197\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Population growth is an inevitable process that always initiates the continual transformation and or conversion of land from one use to the other. Land use change is presently being experienced in and around fast growing towns like Obudu in Cross River State. This study used remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems techniques to identify and analyze the extent of the changes in various land uses from the land use map of Obudu and satellite imageries of 1986, 2000 and 2013. The study revealed that there have been rapid increase in the population of Obudu and this development has consistently placed constant pressure on the different land uses, thus causing tremendous transformation in the various land uses in the area. The built up areas expanded more than other land uses covering 5.0, 7.6 and 13.4 percent for1986, 2000 and 2013 respectively. This spatial change in the land uses is affecting the changing functionality of Obudu as a tourist destination in Cross River State and the country at large. There is therefore a need for an update and urgent review of the Obudu Master plan and the enforcement of development control laws in order to avert the negative environmental implications of rapid population growth and changes in the land use patterns.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 145-153\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 26 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>OKO, P.E.(Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Geography &#038; Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Calabar-Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Okpiliya, F. I. (Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Geography &#038; Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Calabar-Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAkpofure, R. (2009). Environmental science: An introduction. Ibadan: Crafts Books.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tBalogun, A. I., Debo, Z. A, Ahmed, A. B. &#038; Morakinyo T. E. (2011). Analysis of urban expansion and land use changes in Akure, Nigeria Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning vol. 4(9), 533-541.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tCRBDA (1982). Vegetation and land use: Cross River Basin-A statutory body of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tCunningham, W. P &#038; Saigo, B. (2005). Environmental science: A global concern. New York: McGraw-Hill.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tEfiong, J. (2011). Changing pattern of land use in the Calabar River Catchment, Southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development, Canada: Canada Centre of Science and Education vol. 4(1), 91-101.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tIfatimehin, O. O.; Musa, S.D. &#038; Adeyemi, J. O. (2009). An analysis of the changing land uses and its impact on the environment of Anyigba town, Nigeria. journal of Sustainable Development in Africa vol. 10 No. 4.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tLambin, E.F; Helmut, J. G. &#038; Erika, L. (2003). Dynamics of land use and land cover change in Tropical Regions. Annu. Rev. Environ Resource vol. 28 205-411.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tNational Population Commission (2007). Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazette 24(96) Final result of the 2006 Census for Cross River State. Abuja: Federal Government Press.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tOko, P. E. (2015). Population and Land Use Dynamics of Selected Communities in Obudu Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Unpublished Doctorate Degree Thesis carried out in the Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">OKO, P.E.(Ph.D) &#038; Okpiliya, F. I. (Ph.D) &#8220;Trends in Population Growth and Its Effects on Sustainable Land Uses in Obudu, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.145-153 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/145-153.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/145-153.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/trends-in-population-growth-and-its-effects-on-sustainable-land-uses-in-obudu-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Trends in Population Growth and Its Effects on Sustainable Land Uses in Obudu, Nigeria<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f63474 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f63474\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f63550 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f63550\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f656ad\" data-id=\"6f656ad\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f65902 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f65902\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f659e5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f659e5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f65b93\" data-id=\"6f65b93\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f65cb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f65cb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Why Do Firms Pay Dividends? Justifications for Dividend Payments and Firm Value Implications <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Dr. Friday Kennedy Ozo, Dr. Anthony Odinakachukwu Nwadiubu- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 154-163<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f65dab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f65dab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f65f76\" data-id=\"6f65f76\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f660dc elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f660dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Various soil activities that lead to soil degradation have brought about the use of biochar as an amendment to rebuild soil health, improve crop yields, increase soil water storage, and restore soils affected by these activities particularly when blended with poultry manure.Poultry manure has been proven to be a good organic fertilizer for the growth and yield of plants.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Under the assumptions of perfect capital market and investor rationality, Miller and Modigliani (1961) concluded that dividend policy is irrelevant to firm value. However, capital markets are less than perfect in the real business world. Consequently, in the presence of realistic capital market imperfections such as information asymmetry, agency costs, taxes, and irrational investor behaviour, dividend policy creates a means to enhance shareholder value. This paper seeks to discuss the main theories that explain why firms pay dividends and the impact of such distributions on the value of the firm.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 154-163\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 26 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Friday Kennedy Ozo<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accountancy\/Business Administration\/Banking and Finance, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Anthony Odinakachukwu Nwadiubu<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDean, Faculty of Management Sciences, Eastern Palm University, Imo State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAharony, J. and Swary, I. 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London:Pearson Education Limited.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tAsquith, P. and Mullins, D.W. (1983).The impact of initiating dividend payments on shareholders\u2019 wealth\u201d, Journal of Business 56 (1) 77-96.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tBaker, H.K., Farrelly, G.E. and Edelman, R.B. (1985).A survey of management views on dividend policy. Financial Management14  (3) 78-84.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tBaker, H.K. and Powell, G.E. (1999).How corporate managers view dividend policy.Quarterly Journal of Business and Economics 38 (2) 17-35.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tBaker, H.K., Powell, G.E. and Viet, E.T. (2002).Revisiting managerial perspectives on dividend policy.Journal of Economics and Finance 26 (3) 267-282.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tBaker, H.K., Dutta, S. and Saadi, S. (2008).Impact of financial and multinational operations on manager perceptions of dividends.Global Finance Journal19,171-186.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tBaraj, M.B. and Vijh, A.N. (1990).Dividend clienteles and the information content of dividend changes. 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(1995).Signalling, investment opportunities, and dividend announcementsReview of Financial Studies8 (  ) 995-1018.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Dr. Friday Kennedy Ozo, Dr. Anthony Odinakachukwu Nwadiubu &#8220;Why Do Firms Pay Dividends? Justifications for Dividend Payments and Firm Value Implications<br \/>\r\n&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.154-163 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/154-163.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/154-163.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/why-do-firms-pay-dividends-justifications-for-dividend-payments-and-firm-value-implications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Why Do Firms Pay Dividends? Justifications for Dividend Payments and Firm Value Implications<br \/>\r\n<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f66fb2 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f66fb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f67087 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f67087\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f67203\" data-id=\"6f67203\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6732b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f6732b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f673cc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f673cc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6754d\" data-id=\"6f6754d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f67666 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f67666\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Environmental Factors and Urban Malaria Transmission Risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Public Health Policy<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Okangba, C.C- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 164-177<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f67715 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f67715\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f678df\" data-id=\"6f678df\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f67a80 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f67a80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Malaria remains the most complex and overwhelming health problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Malaria not only remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, but it also impedes socioeconomic development, particularly in sub Saharan Africa. The rapid increase in the world\u2019s urban population which has led to uncontrolled and unsustainable exploitation of natural resources and has major implications for the epidemiology of malaria. Sub-Saharan Africa suffers by far the greatest malaria burden worldwide and is currently undergoing a profound demographic change, with a growing proportion of its population moving to urban areas. A review of malaria transmission in sub-Saharan African cities shows the strong likelihood of transmission occurring within these sprawling cities, whatever the size or characteristics of their bio-ecologic environment. Factors affecting malaria transmission are going hand-in-hand with often declining economies might have profound implications for the epidemiology and control of malaria, as the relative disease burden increases among urban dwellers. Urbanisation is generally expected to reduce malaria transmission; however the disease still persists in African cities, in some cases at higher levels than in rural areas. Malaria control in urban environments may be simpler as a result of urbanization and urban malaria is highly focused; however, much of what we know about malaria transmission in rural environments might not hold in the urban area context. Global public health interventions may not be reaching poor and less privileged populations, therefore, there is need to examine the differences in the burden of disease and the coverage and impact of public health interventions among persons with differing socioeconomic status.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 164-177\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 26 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Okangba, C.C<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Benjamin Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University Ilisan-Remo, Ogun-State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAlaba, O. and Alaba, A. 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Malaria Microscopy Standard Operating Procedure MM-SOP-08. <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Okangba, C.C&#8221;Environmental Factors and Urban Malaria Transmission Risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Public Health Policy&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.164-177 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/164-177.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/164-177.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/environmental-factors-and-urban-malaria-transmission-risk-in-sub-saharan-africa-implications-for-public-health-policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Environmental Factors and Urban Malaria Transmission Risk in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for Public Health Policy<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6b6e5 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f6b6e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f6b7c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f6b7c9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6b95a\" data-id=\"6f6b95a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6ba7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f6ba7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f6bb19 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f6bb19\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6bc8e\" data-id=\"6f6bc8e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6bdb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f6bdb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Higher Order Thinking Skills in a Primary School Setting: A Case Study of Teachers\u2019 Perception and Pedagogical Strategies<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Mohamad Noori Shah Kalilur Raheem&#038; Nur Ehsan Mohd Said- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 178-191<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f6be58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f6be58\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6bff1\" data-id=\"6f6bff1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6c13d elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f6c13d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Since the implementation of the new KSSR curriculum a greater emphasis was visible in the area of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTs). This includes the domain of English as a Second Language Learning (ESL) in the Malaysian Primary school. Therefore, teachers are required to possess a certain level of knowledge and practice that adheres to the objective of teaching HOTs in the Malaysian ESL classroom. This case study intends to explore English primary school teachers\u2019 perception and pedagogical practices in the Malaysian primary ESL classroom. Four English primary school teachers were purposefully selected from a Malaysian primary school in the state of Sabah. Interview sessions as well as observation sessions were conducted to provide robust information. The Conventional Content Analysis approach is the choice to analyse the data of this study. The resulting themes are discussed critically using relevant theories and studies in the HOTs teaching and learning area. This is to justify the relevant themes of this study. The aim of this study is to explore teachers\u2019 current perception and practice in teaching HOTs. As a result, a model of the current teaching approaches being used that fits the objective of promoting HOTs in the Malaysian primary ESL is obtained. This model is the validated result and outcome of this study.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 178-191\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 26 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Mohamad Noori Shah Kalilur Raheem<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nur Ehsan Mohd Said<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nFaculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAli, S. 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Hot skills: Developing higher-order thinking in young learners. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press.<br \/>\r\n[32].\tSingh, C. K., Singh, R. K., Singh, T. S., Mostafa, N. A., &#038;Mohtar, T. M. 2018. Developing a Higher Order Thinking Skills Module for Weak ESL Learners. English Language Teaching,11(7), 86. doi:10.5539\/elt.v11n7p86<br \/>\r\n[33].\tShafeei, K. N., Hassan, H., Ismail, F., &#038; Aziz, A. A. 2017. Incorporating Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) Questions in ESL Classroom Contexts. LSP International Journal, 4(1).<br \/>\r\n[34].\tThuraisingam, T., Siraj, S., Naimie, Z., Abuzaid, R., &#038;Halili, S. 2014. The Teaching of Critical and Creative Thinking Skills in The English Language Classroom in Malaysia. Management and Technology in Knowledge, Service, Tourism &#038; Hospitality, 137-140. doi:10.1201\/b16700-28<br \/>\r\n[35].\tThompson, G., &#038; Evans, H. 2013. Thinking it Through: Developing Thinking and Language Skills Through Drama Activities. Routledge.<br \/>\r\n[36].\tWilliams, R. B. 2015. Higher-Order Thinking Skills Challenging All Students to Achieve. New York, NY: Skyhorse Publishing.<br \/>\r\n[37].\tYen, &#038;Halili. 2015. Effective Teaching of Higher-Order Thinking (Hot) In Education. The Online Journal of Distance Education and e-Learning,3(2). https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=t&#038;rct=j&#038;q=&#038;esrc=s&#038;source=web&#038;cd=1&#038;ved=0ahUKEwijnOuz-OTTAhXJM48KHeBUBxgQFggmMAA&#038;url=http%3A%2F%2Ftojdel.net%2Fjournals%2Ftojdel%2Farticles%2Fv03i02%2Fv03i02-04.pdf&#038;usg=AFQjCNHsdpaFExqjALHAefeFA4F3_c1xKg&#038;sig2=cZZmMcbWYjK_lPDLa4tfwQ [10 May 2017]<br \/>\r\n[38].\tYin, R. K. 2013. Case study research: design and methods. London: Sage Publication.<br \/>\r\n[39].\tYuhaniz, M., Samsudin, N. S., Ismail, I., &#038;Zaki, M. Z. M. 2018. Student Engagement, Collaboration and Critical Thinking through a Board Game Module in an Architecture History Class. IDEALOGY, 3(2), 215-223.<br \/>\r\n[40].\tYunus, M. M., &#038; Suliman, A. 2014. Information &#038; Communication Technology (ICT) Tools in Teaching and Learning Literature Component in Malaysian Secondary Schools. Asian Social Science, 10(7), 136.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> Mohamad Noori Shah Kalilur Raheem &#038; Nur Ehsan Mohd Said,&#8221;Higher Order Thinking Skills in a Primary School Setting: A Case Study of Teachers\u2019 Perception and Pedagogical Strategies&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.178-191 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/178-191.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/178-191.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/higher-order-thinking-skills-in-a-primary-school-setting-a-case-study-of-teachers-perception-and-pedagogical-strategies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Higher Order Thinking Skills in a Primary School Setting: A Case Study of Teachers\u2019 Perception and Pedagogical Strategies<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6d0e7 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f6d0e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f6d1b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f6d1b6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6d335\" data-id=\"6f6d335\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6d469 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f6d469\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f6d50e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f6d50e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6d671\" data-id=\"6f6d671\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6fa2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f6fa2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Impact of GST on Service Sectors<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Dr. Noor Afza, Prof. Manjunatha BV- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 192-194<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f6fb34 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f6fb34\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6fd20\" data-id=\"6f6fd20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6fe72 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f6fe72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">GST abbreviation for &#8220;Goods and Services Tax&#8221;, and is an inclusive indirect tax imposed on the production and consumption of goods and services at the national wide replacing the taxes levied by the state and central governments of India. Globally it was introduced in the year 1954 in France. Across the world more than 150 countries have adopted it. It is one of biggest tax reform. With GST implementation, Indian market will be unified and will lower the business cost in long run. Along with reduced cost it will also help in seamless movement of goods and services across states. The present paper tries understanding impact of GST on different sectors of economy.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 192-194\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 27 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Dr. Noor Afza<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDean and Chairman, Department of Business Management, Tumkur University, Tumkur, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Prof. Manjunatha BV<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Jain University, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Articles<br \/>\r\n[1].\tE-Handbook on Job work under GST-June, 2018<br \/>\r\n[2].\tE-Handbook on GST Amendments (08.06.2018)<br \/>\r\n[3].\tBackground material on GST Acts and Rules, 2017- May, 2018<br \/>\r\na.\tVolume-I<br \/>\r\nb.\tVolume-II<br \/>\r\n[4].\tCompliances of Service tax \/ GST in Banking Sector<br \/>\r\n[5].\tE-publication on E-way bill under GST (April,2018) ..<br \/>\r\n[6].\tFAQs &#038; MCQs on GST (January, 2018)<br \/>\r\n[7].\tBackground Material on Exempted Services under GST (03.01.2018)<br \/>\r\n[8].\tHand Book on GST for Service Providers (31.10.17)<br \/>\r\n[9].\tBooklet on-Seamless Credit &#8211; language edited (17.10.17)<br \/>\r\n[10].\tSimplified GST Guide for Manufacturer (25.08.17)<br \/>\r\n[11].\tStudy Paper on Taxation of E-Commerce under GST (02.08.2017)<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> Dr. Noor Afza, Prof. Manjunatha BV, &#8220;Impact of GST on Service Sectors&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.192-194 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/192-194.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/192-194.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/impact-of-gst-on-service-sectors\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Impact of GST on Service Sectors<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f70da7 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f70da7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f70e86 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f70e86\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7100f\" data-id=\"6f7100f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f71134 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f71134\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f711db elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f711db\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f71351\" data-id=\"6f71351\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7146b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7146b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>A Survey on Leukemia Cells (Leukocytes) Detection Using Image Processing Techniques<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Betsy Joy- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 195-197<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7150d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7150d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f71687\" data-id=\"6f71687\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f717b9 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f717b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Biomedical image processing is one of the most emerging techniques in the day to day life, as diseases are increased. There are millions of cells in each images, therefore human involved clinical analysis is difficult and time consuming. Image processing is advancing every time and there are a lots of techniques and ideas in this area. Image processing techniques helps to process images in any resolution and it can efficiently handle large amounts of data. Machine learning and deep learning is able to handle these data efficiently with data mining concepts. Microscopic image analysis plays a crucial role in computerized diagnosis and treatment.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 195-197\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 27 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Betsy Joy<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tRege M.V, Mohammed Basil Abdul kareem, Santosh    Gaikwad and B.W. Gawli , Automatic Leukemia Identification System Using Otsu Image segmentation and MSER Approach for Microscopic Smear Image Database, ISBN:978-1-5386-1974-2.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tRajiv Kumarand A. M. Arthanariee,Performance Evaluation andComparative Analysis ofProposed ImageSegmentation Algorithm, Indian Journal of Science and Technology,Vol 7(1), 39\u201347, January 2014<br \/>\r\n[3].\tPreetiJagadev and Dr. H.G. Virani, Detection of Leukemia and its Types using Image Processing and Machine Learning, International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics ICEI 2017.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tJakkrichLaosai and KosinChamnongthai, \u201cAcute Leukemia Classification by Using SVM and K-Means Clustering\u201d, Proceedings of the International Electrical Engineering Congress 2014.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tL. Putzu, G. Caocci, C.DiRuberto, \u201cLeucocyte Classification for Leukemia Detection Using Image Processing Techniques\u201d, Journal Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Vol 62, pp. 179 \u2013 191, 2014.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Betsy Joy&#8221;A Survey on Leukemia Cells (Leukocytes) Detection Using Image Processing Techniques&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.195-197 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/195-197.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/195-197.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/a-survey-on-leukemia-cells-leukocytes-detection-using-image-processing-techniques\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>A Survey on Leukemia Cells (Leukocytes) Detection Using Image Processing Techniques<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f72718 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f72718\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f727f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f727f5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f72979\" data-id=\"6f72979\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f72aa3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f72aa3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f72b44 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f72b44\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f72ca9\" data-id=\"6f72ca9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f72dce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f72dce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Automotive Industry Standard (AIS) 140 Encrypted Device Communication to Increase Privacy, Integrity and Confidentiality of Data<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Barkha Airan, Mohit Agrawal- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 198-200<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f72e76 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f72e76\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f72fee\" data-id=\"6f72fee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f73116 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f73116\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">In world of software development security of data flow is very important. Authentication of IOT devices is very important. Mutual Authentication is so necessary between IoT devices and IoT server to make communication more reliable and secure. By using encryption and decryption at the end of device and server we can increase the authenticity of system. In this research paper we will use single password key mechanism for the authentication of AIS devices.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 198-200\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 27 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Barkha Airan<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Pacific Institute of Technology Udaipur, Rajasthan, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Mohit Agrawal<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University College of Engineering, Kota, Rajasthan, India <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tFinalized Draft- Automotive Industry Standard(AIS) Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) &#8211; Requirements for Public Transport Vehicle Operation https:\/\/araiindia.com\/hmr\/Control\/AIS\/68201793238AMFinal_Draft_AIS_140.pdf<br \/>\r\n[2].\tIntelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) &#8211; Requirements for Public Transport Vehicle Operation https:\/\/araiindia.com\/hmr\/Control\/AIS\/82201693742AMDraftAIS140_DraftD1_26July2016.pdf<br \/>\r\n[3].\tAIS-140 Automotive Industry Standard Compliant location Tracking System for Public Transport Vehicles Launched by Unlimitedhttp:\/\/www.businessworld.in\/article\/AIS-140-Compliant-Location-Tracking-System-For-Public-Transport-Vehicles-Launched-By-Unlimit\/07-01-2019-165869\/<br \/>\r\n[4].\tIndia&#8217;s AIS-140 Automotive Industry Standard: Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/1182955#.XNQfLhQzbIU<br \/>\r\n[5].\t7th Telematics India 2017 Conference, August 17-18, 2017, Pune.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tKPIT expands mobility solution portfolio &#8211; Adds AIS-140(Automotive Industry Standard) compliant telematics system https:\/\/www.kpit.com\/company\/news\/2018\/kpit-expands-mobility-solution-portfolio-adds-ais-140-compliant-telematics-system<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Barkha Airan, Mohit Agrawal &#8220;Automotive Industry Standard (AIS) 140 Encrypted Device Communication to Increase Privacy, Integrity and Confidentiality of Data&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.198-200 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/198-200.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/198-200.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/automotive-industry-standard-ais-140-encrypted-device-communication-to-increase-privacy-integrity-and-confidentiality-of-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Automotive Industry Standard (AIS) 140 Encrypted Device Communication to Increase Privacy, Integrity and Confidentiality of Data<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f78611 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f78611\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f786ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f786ec\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f78880\" data-id=\"6f78880\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f789a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f789a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f78a4f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f78a4f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f78bc7\" data-id=\"6f78bc7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f78ce0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f78ce0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Design and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking and Experimentally Analysis Its Efficiency<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Neelesh Gupta,  Rajeev Arya, Amit Khare, Nilesh Diwakar- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 201-210<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f78d7f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f78d7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f78f0c\" data-id=\"6f78f0c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f79040 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f79040\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Several studies reflect that, scholars had made many researches on solar panels, Conversion of solar energy into electric energy, tracking of sun, etc. In continuation to aforesaid research, this paper highlights the work done in experimenting with the Semiautomatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking of solar panels. Eventually some researchers had done sun tracking through the LDR, light sensor and photo detector. And it has been observed that these tracking systems, help in generating 20-23% extra power in comparison to fix axis solar panel system. We have deployed the solar tracking system and experimented using the Actuator (by programming C) which was optimised with the help of Keil software through microcontrollers. The actuator designed by me has Motor which runs via C programming and is based on displacement. Thus, it is 5 times cheaper than other tracking system counterpart available in market value. Experiment was conducted in Madhya Pradesh state located in centre of India and has about 300 sunny days per year with annual mean daily global solar radiation in the range of 5-7 kWh\/m2\/day. Hence, the experiment duration chosen for tracking SUN was from 8am (IST) to 4pm(IST), during which sun rays are almost perpendicular on the panel. During my study, it was observed that the other technology\/equipments used for sun tracking, were less successful mainly because of seasonal variations and unable to move according to Sun path. These gaps were overcome to large extent through programming-based motor operated Actuator, where the Sun can be tracked in all the seasons(Summer, Spring, Monsoon, Winter)ensuring that Sun rays are perpendicular and helps in maximizing output at a reasonable cost. Although initially it is costly in comparison to fix axis panel, but in long run yields to more maximum output.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 201-210\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 28 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Neelesh Gupta<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nPG Student, Thermal Department, Truba Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Bhopal, M.P, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Rajeev Arya<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor &#038; Director Truba Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Bhopal, M.P India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Amit Khare<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor &#038; HOD of Mechanical, Truba Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Bhopal, M.P India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nilesh Diwakar<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor &#038; Principal Truba Institute of Engineering and Science Technology, Bhopal, M.P India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].S. Chowdhury, \u201cDesign &#038; Estimation of Rooftop Grid-tied Solar Photovoltaic System,\u201d no. May 2016, 2017.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tJ. Rizk and Y. Chaiko, \u201cSolar Tracking System: More Efficient Use of Solar Panels,\u201d Int. J. Electr. Comput. Eng., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 784\u2013786, 2008.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tN. Barsoum and P. Vasant, \u201cTransaction in Controllers and Energy SIMPLIFIED SOLAR TRACKING PROTOTYPE,\u201d 2010.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tB. Balaji and J. A. Arulvizhi, \u201cMaximum Solar Power Tracker Mechanically By Using Dual Axis Tracker,\u201d 2017.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tP. Sharma and N. Malhotra, \u201cOptimal Localization of Solar Panel for Better Energy Utilization,\u201d 2014.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tMicrocontroller, \u201cinput-output-ports-of-8051-microcontroller.jpg (353\u00d7428),\u201d 2019. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/microcontrollerslab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/input-output-ports-of-8051-microcontroller.jpg. [Accessed: 29-Mar-2019].<br \/>\r\n[7].\tPantechsolutions, \u201cBasic Software Applications in KEIL,\u201d 2016. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.pantechsolutions.net\/basic-software-applications-in-keil. [Accessed: 09-Apr-2019].<br \/>\r\n[8].\tsunnynnus, \u201cPro Load,\u201d 2004. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.scribd.com\/doc\/18106734\/Pro-Load#download. [Accessed: 09-Apr-2019].<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Neelesh Gupta,  Rajeev Arya, Amit Khare, Nilesh Diwakar&#8221;Design and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking and Experimentally Analysis Its Efficiency&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.201-210 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/201-210.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/201-210.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/design-and-fabrication-of-semi-automatic-dual-axis-solar-tracking-and-experimentally-analysis-its-efficiency\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Design and Fabrication of Semi Automatic Dual Axis Solar Tracking and Experimentally Analysis Its Efficiency<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f79e74 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f79e74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f79f45 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f79f45\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a0be\" data-id=\"6f7a0be\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a1d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7a1d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a27d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7a27d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a3ef\" data-id=\"6f7a3ef\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a505 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7a505\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Android Mobile Application for Online Doctor Appointment <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Haripriya G, I S Nikitha, Jeevita S Kolkar, Sai Shireesha- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 211-213<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a5a4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7a5a4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a753\" data-id=\"6f7a753\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7a8f6 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f7a8f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Technological development has resulted in a boundary free digital world. This development has resulted in transaction through virtual money instead of real ones. In the present scenario, if the appointment has to be booked, the user has to physically go to the hospital or make a call which consumes the time of the users. If the doctor cancels their schedule, the user is not aware about it unless they go to the hospital. Managing the details and history of the hospital visits of a particular user in physical way is difficult task. \u201cAndroid Mobile Application for Online Doctor Appointment\u201d is a robust application that makes user to book an appointment with the doctor. This application can be used by anyone. Users can choose their required hospital and specialist in their locality. If the doctor is available user will be given with token number and timings. GPS facility is used in case of emergency where doctor can easily track the users location. It is advantageous in maintaining the information. Therefore it is the perfect replacement for unreliable existing system.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 211-213\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 29 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Haripriya G<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>I S Nikitha<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Jeevita S Kolkar<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sai Shireesha<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tInternational journal of managing public sector information and communication technology, Prof.S.B.Choudari, Chithanya Kusurkar, Rucha Sonje, Paragmahajan, Joanna Vaz \u201cAndroid Application for Doctor Appointment\u201d International journal of Innovative Research In Computer And Communication Engineering, January 2014<br \/>\r\n[2].\tBuchinder S. and Thompson J, 2010: An Overview of Healthcare management.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tDr. Ariyarante, 2010: \u201cA private hospital management system\u201d. Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Srilanka.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tShafaq Malik, Nargis Bibi, Sehrish Khan, Raziasultana, Sadaf Abdul Razf Department Of Computer Science<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Haripriya G, I S Nikitha, Jeevita S Kolkar, Sai Shireesha &#8220;Android Mobile Application for Online Doctor Appointment &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.211-213 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/211-213.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/211-213.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/android-mobile-application-for-online-doctor-appointment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Android Mobile Application for Online Doctor Appointment <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7b9d5 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f7b9d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7bae8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7bae8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7bc92\" data-id=\"6f7bc92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7bde3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7bde3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7be90 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7be90\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7c024\" data-id=\"6f7c024\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7c15e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7c15e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Fabrication and Testing of Composite Materials using Natural Fibers<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Asst Prof Md.Fayaz.K, P.Mohamad Zameer, S.M. Hifzaan Sharieff, Syed Mohammed Nizamuddin, Gulbaz Afridi.N- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 214-218<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7c205 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7c205\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7c3a9\" data-id=\"6f7c3a9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7c508 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f7c508\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This review paper represents the study of different parameters, properties, behaviors and testing of Composite Materials. The studies of composite material can be done from different articles in the period of 2013 to 2018 and this paper reviewed from: Brief study on Mechanical Testing and their properties, fatigue behavior and its group properties like (Ultimate strength, Yield stress, and Elasticity Modulus). Experimental analysis of polymer reinforced particles by natural particles of cotton shell and hemp. And in this paper we have compared the results of cotton shell with the cotton fibers. In this paper the discussion reviews on basic study of composite materials.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 214-218\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 29 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Asst Prof Md.Fayaz.K<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nMechanical Engineering Department, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka-583104, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>P.Mohamad Zameer<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nMechanical Engineering Department, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka-583104, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>S.M. Hifzaan Sharieff<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nMechanical Engineering Department, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka-583104, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Syed Mohammed Nizamuddin<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nMechanical Engineering Department, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka-583104, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Gulbaz Afridi.N<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nMechanical Engineering Department, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka-583104, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tDesign and analysis of industrial helmets using reinforced natural composites. By Rajasekar K, Ashokkumar K &#038; Narayanan L<br \/>\r\n[2].\tFabrication and also analysis of a industrial helmets by using naturally occurring fiber composites By S. Sathish Kumar, Jeya Kumar I &#038; L Narayanan.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tDesigning and Analysis of Helmet for Industries (In an Ergonomics type) By V Pradeep A R &#038; Surya Kiran.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tFabrication and testing done for the hybrid natural fibers such as pineapple &#038; banana By Madhukiran J, S Srinivasa rao, S. Madhusudhan.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tFabrication and also the analysis of a industrial helmets using hybrid natural composite fibres.L.Narayanan, I.Jeyakumar, S.Sathish kumar.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tDesign with analysis for industrial helmets. K.Anilkumar, Y.Sureshkumar.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tGlass fibre fabrication of industrial helmets. Joe James,Sunil. C.H,Sunil Kumar Gujjal.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tStudy of Fabrication of Ballistic Helmets.Thomas D.Campbell,David.R.Cramer Military Helmets Using Cocunut fiber reinforced with polymer matrix composites.Natsa Stephan, DR.Akindapo.J.o, DR.Garba.D<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Asst Prof Md.Fayaz.K, P.Mohamad Zameer, S.M. Hifzaan Sharieff, Syed Mohammed Nizamuddin, Gulbaz Afridi.N&#8221;Fabrication and Testing of Composite Materials using Natural Fibers&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.214-218 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/214-218.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/214-218.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/fabrication-and-testing-of-composite-materials-using-natural-fibers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Fabrication and Testing of Composite Materials using Natural Fibers<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7d2fe elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f7d2fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7d3cc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7d3cc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7d57f\" data-id=\"6f7d57f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7d6aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7d6aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7d750 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7d750\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7d914\" data-id=\"6f7d914\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7da41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7da41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>An Android Mobile Application for E-Visiting Cards <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Karthik B N, Shubham M S, Prashanth Kumar R S, Sagar P- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 219-220<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7dae5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7dae5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7dc4f\" data-id=\"6f7dc4f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7dd7a elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f7dd7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">E-visiting card is an robust android application that automates the visiting cards in digital way. In the present scenario, the visiting cards are carried in physical form that contains basic information of an entity in various field, they serve as calling card to announce one\u2019s intention of meeting with other individual. Over the years, the cards were lost. The visiting card holds details of entity. Managing of visiting cards in physical form is difficult task. This challenge gets harder when working with entities of various organizations. It is advantageous in maintaining the information in digital way. Therefore it&#8217;s the perfect replacement for unreliable paper work that holds bits and pieces of  information.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 219-220\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 30 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Karthik B N<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Shubham M S<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Prashanth Kumar R S<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sagar P<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tRay Trygstad \u201cCALLING CARDS\u201d, rays of light July 21, 2003<br \/>\r\n[2].\tEmily post \u201cCARDS AND VISITS\u201d<br \/>\r\n[3].\tlink: http:\/\/dictionary.sensagent.com\/visiting <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Karthik B N, Shubham M S, Prashanth Kumar R S, Sagar P &#8220;An Android Mobile Application for E-Visiting Cards &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.219-220 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/219-220.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/219-220.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/an-android-mobile-application-for-e-visiting-cards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>An Android Mobile Application for E-Visiting Cards <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7ebeb elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f7ebeb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7ecc3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7ecc3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7ee41\" data-id=\"6f7ee41\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7ef57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7ef57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7eff8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7eff8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7f165\" data-id=\"6f7f165\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7f286 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f7f286\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Automatic Detection of Potholes <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Akshatha P, Chaitra Paul, Lakshmi Suresh, Richard Lincoln Paulraj- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 221-223<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7f326 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7f326\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f7f49d\" data-id=\"6f7f49d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f7f5c6 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f7f5c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The \u201cpothole deaths\u201d have stirred a debate on the inefficiency and the corruption in the municipal and road owning authorities. Vehicle population has tremendously increased over the last two decades. Nowadays traffic congestion and road accidents are increasing mainly due to the proliferation of vehicles. Owing to the increased death that are caused to the improper road maintenance creating solution that reduces such deaths and also to increase the quality of road maintenance is a must. Roads make up to the majority of means of transportation used as of today in India, regular maintenance of these roads is crucial as they are filled with unexpected hurdles such as potholes and humps. Potholes are basically areas of road surface that have ruptured, worn away, or eventually formed a hole.<br \/>\r\nAutomatic detection of potholes is a human safety based project. This system provides cost effective solution for detection of potholes on the road by using ultrasonic sensors and indicates the road maintenance authority.  The microcontroller fetches the location of the pothole using GPS and the GPS locations are sent with the help of GSM. The GSM at the vehicle part takes that location and sends the location to the concerned person and that person can see pothole on the map of that area.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 221-223\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 30 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Akshatha P<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDept. of Electronics and Communication, The Oxford College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Chaitra Paul<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDept. of Electronics and Communication, The Oxford College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Lakshmi Suresh<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDept. of Electronics and Communication, The Oxford College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Richard Lincoln Paulraj<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Communication, The Oxford College of Engineering, Bangalore, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tImplementing Intelligent Traffic Control System for Congestion Control, Ambulance Clearance, and Stolen Vehicle Detection. IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 15, Issue: 2 , Feb. 2015)<br \/>\r\n[2].\tPothole Detection and Warning System: Infrastructure Support and System Design.2009 International Conference on Electronic Computer Technology, 27 February 2009<br \/>\r\n[3].\tReal Time Pothole Detection using Android Smart phones with Accelerometers.2011 International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems and Workshops (DCOSS), 12 August 2011.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tAutomatic Detection of Potholes and Humps on Roads to Aid Driver. IEEE Sensors Journal, 30 March 2015.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tSpeed Control of Vehicle by Detection of Potholes and Humps. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, March 2016.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Akshatha P, Chaitra Paul, Lakshmi Suresh, Richard Lincoln Paulraj&#8221;Automatic Detection of Potholes &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.221-223 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/221-223.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/221-223.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/automatic-detection-of-potholes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Automatic Detection of Potholes <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f80343 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f80343\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8046e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8046e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f805f1\" data-id=\"6f805f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f80708 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f80708\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f807ad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f807ad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f80921\" data-id=\"6f80921\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f80a33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f80a33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Gate Control System of Dam using Programmable Logic Controller  <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>May Thwe Oo, Naing, Thin Thin- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 224-228<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f80ad0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f80ad0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f80c45\" data-id=\"6f80c45\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f80d73 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f80d73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Water scarcity has become a serious problem in the world. There are many saving system for supply water from the dam. Therefore, the opening and closing of the gate of dam is very important to save water. The opening and closing of the gate is activated according to the level of water in the dam. The control systems of the gates of dams are done manually and using programmable logic controller (PLC). There are many errors in manual method than using PLC. For medium and small dams like irrigation dams does not require such huge PLC systems. In this paper, PLC is used to control the opening and closing of the gates of dams to save water resources from the dam for irrigation purposes and efficient operation of dam gate according to the level of water and also helps in indicating about flood to people living in the surrounding. This system consists of a set of float sensors, PLC FX2N20MR, relays and DC motor. A set of float sensor is used as input signal for PLC and used to detect the level of water. PLC is used to control gate of dam according to data from float sensors. Relays are used to drive dc motor for forward and reverse direction to close and open the gate. The working of this automatic system will completely depend on the ladder diagram programming method for PLC.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 224-228\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 31 May 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>May Thwe Oo<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Technological University (Magway)<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Naing<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Technological University (Magway)<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Thin Thin<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Technological University (Magway)<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tBobat, A, Gezgin, T, Aslan, H, (2014).The use of SCADA system in dam management.EWaS-MED International Conference.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tGareeyaseeSaha, AnjanaParua, Sushmitha R, ShilpaBhat, (2015). Automatic Floodgates Control Using PLC With Added Focus On Human Safety. IEEE, International Conference on Control Instrumentation, Communication and Computational Technologies(ICCICCT).<br \/>\r\n[3].\tMahesh Nandaniya, (2013). A Review Paper of Automatic Canal Gate Control of 3- Induction Motor with PLC and VFD, Powered by Solar System and Monitoring by SCADA. International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE), Vol.1, Issue. 1.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tPrashant Bhardwaj, Yogendra Singh Rajawat, Satyaprakash Rajput, Satyaveer Singh Narvariya, Laxmi Narayan, (2014). Automatic Dam Shutter Senses The Water Level And Control The Dam Door Using Servo Motor. 4th SARC-IRF International Conference, New Delhi, India.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tRajat R. Sorte, Rahul R.Sonwane, Nikhil L. Thaku, Swapnil A. Akhade, ShashwatN.Kawale, Nikhil R.Dusawar, KapilK.Lalwani, (2015). PLC Based Dam Automation System. IJERECE,Vol.2,Issue 3.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tShah, T. and Verma, S, (2008). Co-management of Electricity and Groundwater.Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.43 (7).<br \/>\r\n[7].\tMr. Raguram. R, (2012).Study Of Defects Tolerenced Drilling Of Composite Material. International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT) \u2013 volume 3 Issue 5 Number 2.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tMakeshIyer, ShrikantPai and SnehaBadri, (2013).Embedded Dam Gate Control System using \u2018C\u2019 and Visual Basic.International Journal of Computer Applications, Volume 69\u2013 No.2.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tRobert D. Rugg, 1Max J. Egenhofer and Werner Kuhn, (1997). Formalizing Behavior of Geography Features Types. Geographical Systems, Vol.4,, No. 2, pp. 159-179.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tErsayin, D, (2006). Studying Seepage in a Body of Earth-Fill Dam by Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Master Thesis, \u0130zmir Institute of Technology.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">May Thwe Oo, Naing, Thin Thin &#8220;Gate Control System of Dam using Programmable Logic Controller  &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.224-228 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/224-228.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/224-228.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/gate-control-system-of-dam-using-programmable-logic-controller\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Gate Control System of Dam using Programmable Logic Controller  <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f81aed elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f81aed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f81bbe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f81bbe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f81d2e\" data-id=\"6f81d2e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f81e4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f81e4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f81eed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f81eed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f82060\" data-id=\"6f82060\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f82177 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f82177\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>An Efficient Steganography for Covert Communication: Secret -Visible Mosaic Image <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Pratheksha  Rai N, Arpitha K Shetty- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 229-231<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f82215 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f82215\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f82392\" data-id=\"6f82392\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f824c6 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f824c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Image transfer through the network is an very important issue in the present time scenario. In this system combination of small cells of secret data to form a target in mosaic sense here Secret-fragment visible mosaic image is proposed .In this method though the image from far appears to be original and made of different pixels but actually the image will be done using fragments. When generation of mosaic image is started original image is sub divided into many tiles images. Before image is getting split, check the host image and the secret image is of same size. Find the best tile image for embedding in the targeted image cells. Placing data of the tile image fitting sequence in the target which is an image is placed into unevenly selected pixel in formed mosaic image. Information which is enclosed will be made as a text key file. Image fitting sequences will be present in a key file. Receiver can\u2019t retrieve the embedded data without this key.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 229-231\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 01 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Pratheksha  Rai N<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of ECE, AJIET, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Arpitha K Shetty<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of ECE, AJIET, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tM. K. Agoston, \u201cComputer Graphics and Geometric Modeling: Implementation and Algorithms.\u201d New York: Springer-Verlag, 2004.p.61.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tS. Battiato and \u201c3D ancient mosaics,\u201d Proceedings of ACM International Conference on Multimedia (ACM Multimedia 2010) \u2013 Technical Demo, Florence, Italy, Oct. 2010, p 1571-1574.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tS. Battiato, G. Di Blasi, G. Gallo, G. C. Guarnera, and G. Puglisi, \u201cArtificial mosaic by gradient vector flow,\u201d in Proc. Eurographics,Creete, Greece, Apr. 2008, pp. 53\u201356.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tY.-S.Choi, B.-k.Koo,and B.-R.Moon, \u201cOptimization of an image set by genetic feature selection for real-time photomosaics,\u201d in Proc. GECCO, Portland, OR, Jul. 2010, pp. 1309\u20131310.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tD. Coltuc and J. M. Chassery, \u201cVery fast watermarking by Reversible Contrast Mapping,\u201d IEEE Signal Process. Lett., Apr. 2007 vol. 14, no. 4, pp.255\u2013258,.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tG. Di Blasi, G.M.Farinella, S.Battiato, and G. Gallo, \u201cDigital mosaic framework: An overview,\u201d Eurograp Comput. Graph. Forum, , Dec. 2007,vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 794\u2013812.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tY.Dobashi, T.Haga, H.Johan, and T. Nishita, \u201cA method for creating mosaic image using voronoi diagrams,\u201d in Proc. Eurographics,Saar-brucken, Germany, Sep. 2002, pp. 341\u2013348.<br \/>\r\n[8].\t.DiBlasi and G.Gallo,\u201cArtificial mosaics,\u201d Vis. Comput.,April 2005, vol. 21, pp. 373\u2013383,.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tG.Elberand, G.Wolberg \u201cRendering traditional mosaics,\u201d Vis. Comput.,june 2003 vol. 19, pp. 67\u201378,<br \/>\r\n[10].\tC.Guarnera,S.Battiato,G.DiBlasi,G.Gallo, and G.Puglisi ,M. Bubak, Ed. et al., \u201cA novel artificial mosaic generation technique driven by local gradient analysis,\u201d in Proc. ICCS, Crakov, Poland, Jun. 2008, vol. 5102, pp. 76\u201385..<br \/>\r\n[11].\tA.Hausner, \u201cSimulating decorative mosaics,\u201d in Proc. SIGGRAPH, Los Angeles, CA, Aug. 2001, pp. 573\u2013580.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tJ.Kim and F.Pellacini, \u201cJigsaw image mosaics,\u201d in Proc. SIGGRAPH, San Antonio, TX, Jul. 2002, pp. 657\u2013664.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tM. S. Lew, N. Sebe, C. Djeraba, and R. Jain, \u201cContent-based multimedia information retrieval: State of the art and challenges,\u201d ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput., Commun., Appl., pp. 1\u201319, Feb. 2006.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tPetralia G.DiBlasi, and M G.Gallo, , \u201cPuzzle image mosaic,\u201d in Proc. IASTED\/VIIP, Benidorm, Spain, Sep. 2005, pp. 33\u201337.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tR.Silverand,M.Hawley, Photomosaics. New York: Henry Holt, 1997, v.57.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tVijay Kumar Sharma ,Vishal Shrivastava \u201cA Steganography Algorithm For Hiding Image In Image By Improved LSB Substitution By Minimize Detection.\u201d Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology April 2007, vol 36. <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Pratheksha  Rai N, Arpitha K Shetty &#8220;An Efficient Steganography for Covert Communication: Secret -Visible Mosaic Image &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.229-231 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/229-231.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/229-231.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/an-efficient-steganography-for-covert-communication-secret-visible-mosaic-image\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>An Efficient Steganography for Covert Communication: Secret -Visible Mosaic Image <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f832f0 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f832f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f839e6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f839e6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f83b75\" data-id=\"6f83b75\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f83ca7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f83ca7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f83d4a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f83d4a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f83ec2\" data-id=\"6f83ec2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f83fd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f83fd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Graphite Powder and Bagasse Ash Reinforced Al 7075 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Madhu M G, H K Shivanand, Maibusab, Sumana B G- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 232-237<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f84075 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f84075\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f841e1\" data-id=\"6f841e1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f84320 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f84320\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Metal Matrix Composites (MMC\u2019s) consist of either pure metal or an alloy as the matrix material, while the reinforcement generally a ceramic material. Now a days these materials are widely used in space shuttle, commercial airlines, electronic substrates, bicycles, automobiles, etc., Among the MMC\u2019s aluminium composites are predominant in use due to their low weight and high strength. The key features of MMC\u2019s are specific strength and stiffness, excellent wear resistance, high electrical and thermal conductivity. Hence, it is proposed to form a new class of composite. Al 7075 alloy reinforced with Graphite Powder and Bagasse ash to form MMC using Stir casting. The MMC is obtained for different composition of Graphite powder and Bagasse ash particulates (varying Graphite powder with constant Bagasse ash and varying Bagasse ash with constant Graphite powder percentage). The test specimens are prepared as per ASTM standard size by turning and facing operations to conduct tensile tests, compression tests and hardness tests. The specimens are tested for tensile strength and compression strength as per ASTM standard E8 by using universal testing machine and hardness as per ASTM standard E10 at different loads by using Brinell hardness testing machine. Through the results, it is concluded that the MMC obtained has got better tensile strength, compression strength and hardness properties when compared to Al 7075 alone.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 232-237\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 02 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Madhu M G<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nLecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government polytechnic Udupi-576104, Karnataka, India.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>H K Shivanand<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nProfessor (Department of Mechanical Engineering), University Visveswarayya College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560001, Karnataka, India.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Maibusab<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nP.G Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Visveswarayya College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560001, Karnataka, India.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sumana B G<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professors (Department of Mechanical Engineering), Government Engineering College, Hassan-573201, Karnataka, India.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tZhao, M. &#8220;Friction and wear properties of TiB&#8221;2&#8243;P\/Al composite&#8221;, Composites Part A, 200611<br \/>\r\n[2].\tSrivatsan, T.S, Meslet Al-Hajri, M Petraroli, B Hotton, and P.C Lam. &#8220;Influence of silicon carbide particulate reinforcement on quasi static and cyclic fatigue fracture behavior of 6061 aluminum alloy composites&#8221;, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2002. Publication.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tBaradeswaran, A. and A. Elaya Perumal (2014). \u201cWear and Mechanical Characteristics of Al 7075\/Graphite Composites.\u201d Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol.56, pp.472-476.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tBaradeswaran, A. and A. Elaya Perumal (2014). \u201cStudy on Mechanical and Wear Properties of Al 7075\/Al2O3\/Graphite Hybrid Composites.\u201d Composites Part B: Engineering,Vol.56, pp.464471.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tRavinder Kumar and Suresh Dhiman (2013). \u201cA Study of Sliding Wear Behaviors of Al-7075 Alloy and Al-7075 Hybrid Composite by Response Surface Methodology Analysis.\u201d Materials &#038; Design, Vol.50, pp.351-359.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tRamesh, C.S., R. Keshavamurthy, and J. Madhusudhan. &#8220;Fatigue Behavior of Ni-P Coated Si3N4 Reinforced Al6061 Composites&#8221;, Procedia Materials Science, 2014.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tC. S. Ramesh. &#8220;Sand Abrasive Wear Behavior of Hot Forged Al 6061-TiO2 Composites&#8221;, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 12\/23\/2010 Publication<br \/>\r\n[8].\tChinnakurli Suryanarayana, Ramesh, Ummar Khan Attaullah, Kumar Saheb, Apoorva Kumar, and Manoj Kumar Rajput. &#8220;Slurry Erosive Wear Behavior of Forged Al6061-CeO2-TiO2 Hybrid Composites&#8221;, Volume 2A Advanced Manufacturing, 2013. Publication wear behaviour of hot extruded Al6061-SiC&#8221;p (Ni-P coated) composites&#8221;, Wear, 20110729 Publication<br \/>\r\n[9].\tBhagat, R.B. &#8220;Elevated-temperature mechanical properties of silicon-carbide whisker-reinforced aluminum matrix composites&#8221;, Materials Science &#038; Engineering Publication<br \/>\r\n[10].\tN. Altinkok. &#8220;Use of Artificial Neural Network for Prediction of Mechanical Properties of &#8211; Al2O3 Particulate-reinforced Al-Si10Mg Alloy Composites Prepared by using Stir Casting Process&#8221;, Journal of Composite Materials, 07\/12\/2005<br \/>\r\n[11].\tChen, Fei, Zongning Chen, Feng Mao, Tongmin Wang, and Zhiqiang Cao. &#8220;TiB2 reinforced aluminum based in situ composites fabricated by stir casting&#8221;, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2015. Publication<br \/>\r\n[12].\t Sukumaran, K. &#8220;Studies on squeeze casting of Al 2124 alloy and 2124-10% SiCp metal matrix composite&#8221;, Materials Science &#038; Engineering A, 20080825 Publication<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Madhu M G, H K Shivanand, Maibusab, Sumana B G &#8220;Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Graphite Powder and Bagasse Ash Reinforced Al 7075 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.232-237 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/232-237.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/232-237.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/evaluation-of-mechanical-properties-of-graphite-powder-and-bagasse-ash-reinforced-al-7075-hybrid-metal-matrix-composites\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Graphite Powder and Bagasse Ash Reinforced Al 7075 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f85137 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f85137\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8520a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8520a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8537b\" data-id=\"6f8537b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8548e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8548e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f85526 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f85526\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f85696\" data-id=\"6f85696\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f857b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f857b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Strategic Alliance and Performance of Textile Industry: Empirical Evidence from Kano, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Abubakar Sambo Junaidu, Gado Bature, Nasiru Liman Zuru- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 238-245<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8584e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8584e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f859cb\" data-id=\"6f859cb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f85b0a elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f85b0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Even though the strategic management literature acknowledges the influence of strategic management practices on the organisational performance, the review of literature reveals that theoretical and empirical contributions of strategic alliance to the textile industry remained limited, particularly in Nigeria context. Given the limited research as well as information in this field of study, this study attempts to examine textile industry in Nigeria from the strategic alliance perspectives. More specifically, this study investigates the influence of strategic alliance on financial and nonfinancial performance of textile industry in Nigeria. The study was based on a sample survey consisting of 328 respondents at strategic management position from textile industry in Kano, Nigeria. The data for the study was collected by using structural questionnaire. Based on the analyses of the data using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the results of the study indicates significant positive relationships between strategic alliance and the financial and non-financial performance of textile industry.  The result shows that the strategic allegiance is not only influence the financial performance of textile industry but also non-financial performance as well. The implication is that, managers that focus on the practice of strategic alliance in their textile industry will not only able to increase their financial performance but non-financial performance as well.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 238-245\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 04 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abubakar Sambo Junaidu<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Gado Bature<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nCentre for Entrepreneurship Development, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nasiru Liman Zuru<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, UsmanuDanfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAnsoff, I. 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Singapore: Thomson Learning.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tHashim, M. K. (2015). Business strategy in Malaysian companies. NADI SDN BHD: ASAS.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tHashim, M. K., &#038; Ahmad, S. (2009). Business strategies in exporting SMEs and their relationship to peformance. Universiti Utara Malaysia Press.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tHashim, M. K., &#038; Zakaria, M. (2010). Business strategy and performance of small and medium manafacturing firms in Malaysia. World Review of Enterprenuership, Managment Ans Sustainable Development, 6(2), 125\u2013134.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tHofer, W. C., &#038; Schendel, D. E. (1978). Strategy formulation. West Publishing.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tHomaid, A. A., Zain, A. Y., Al-matari, Y. A., Minai, M. S., &#038; Ahmad, F. Bin. (2017). The Role of customer-focused strategies to improve islamic microfinance institutions performance\u202f: Empirical evidence and lessons from Yemen. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(1), 291\u2013299.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tIbrahim, R., &#038; Primiana, I. (2015). Influence of strategic competitive advantage on cooperation performance. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(4), 1\u201318.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tJayashankar, P. (2012). Marketing Strategies in the Microfinance Sector: A Case Study on Hand in Hand Microfinance Pvt. Ltd. IUP Journal of Marketing Management, 11(3), 64\u201378.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tJensen, M. C. (2002). Value Maximization, Stakeholder Theory, and the Corporate Objective Function. Business Ethics Quarterly, 12(2), 235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/3857812<br \/>\r\n[16].\tKamukama, N., Ahiauzu, A., &#038; Ntayi, J. M. (2011). Competitive advantage: mediator of intellectual capital and performance. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12(1), 152\u2013164.<br \/>\r\n[17].\tLee, J. (1988). A comparative study of relationship between strategy and business performance. University of Mississippi.<br \/>\r\n[18].\tLee, T. W., &#038; Mowday, R. T. (1987). Voluntarily leaving an organisation. Academy of Management Journal, 30(4), 721\u2013743.<br \/>\r\n[19].\tLeinwand, P., Mainardi, C., &#038; Kleiner, A. (2016). Strategy that works: How winning companies close the strategy-to-executive gap. Harvard Business Review,.<br \/>\r\n[20].\tLinton, G., &#038; Kask, J. (2017). Configurations of entrepreneurial orientation and competitive strategy for high performance. Journal of Business Research, 70(1), 168\u2013176.<br \/>\r\n[21].\tMahour Mellat-Parasta, Davood Golmohammadib, Kathleen L. McFaddenc, J. W. M. (2015). Linking business strategy to service failures and financial performance: Empirical evidence from the U.S. domestic airline industry. Journal of Operations Management, 38(6).<br \/>\r\n[22].\tNkundabanyanga, S. K., Akankunda, B., Nalukenge, I., &#038; Tusiime, I. (2017). The impact of financial management practices and competitive advantage on the loan performance of MFIs. International Journal of Social Economics, 44(1).<br \/>\r\n[23].\tOyewobi, L. O., Windapo, A. O., &#038; Rotimi, J. O. B. (2016). Environment, competitive strategy, and organizational characteristics: A path analytic model of construction organizations\u2019 performance in South Africa. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 33(3).<br \/>\r\n[24].\tPorter, M. (1980). Competitive strategy. New York: The Free Press.<br \/>\r\n[25].\tR. Gulati. (1998). Alliances and networks. Retrieved June 11, 2014, from http:\/\/grameenresearch.org\/grameen-methodology-2\/<br \/>\r\n[26].\tReeves, M., Haanaes, K., &#038; Sinha, J. (2015). Your strategy needs a strategy: how to choose and execute the right approach. Massachusetts: Harvard Business School Publishing.<br \/>\r\n[27].\tRumelt, R. P. (2013). Good strategy\/bad strategy. London: Profile Books.<br \/>\r\n[28].\tSoltanizadeh, S., Rasid, S. Z. A., Golshan, N. M., &#038; Ismail, W. K. W. (2016). Business strategy, enterprise risk management and organizational performance Sara. Management Research Review, 39(9), 1016\u20131033. https:\/\/doi.org\/http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1108\/MRR-09-2015-0216<br \/>\r\n[29].\tYuliansyah, Y., Gurd, B., &#038; Mohamed, N. (2017). The significant of business strategy in improving organizational performance Yuliansyah. Humanomics, 33(1), 56\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/H-04-2014-0037<br \/>\r\n[30].\tZakaria, N. S., Hashim, M. K., &#038; Ahmad, S. (2016). Business strategy and performance of SMEs in the manufacturing sector. International Journal in Management and Social Science, 4(5), 254\u2013261.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Abubakar Sambo Junaidu, Gado Bature, Nasiru Liman Zuru &#8220;Strategic Alliance and Performance of Textile Industry: Empirical Evidence from Kano, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.238-245 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/238-245.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/238-245.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/strategic-alliance-and-performance-of-textile-industry-empirical-evidence-from-kano-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Strategic Alliance and Performance of Textile Industry: Empirical Evidence from Kano, Nigeria<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f86a8d elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f86a8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f86cc6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f86cc6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f86e66\" data-id=\"6f86e66\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f86f89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f86f89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f87026 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f87026\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8719c\" data-id=\"6f8719c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f872be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f872be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Power Flow Analysis of IEEE 30 Bus System<\/i><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Sanjib Hazarika- May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 246-250<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8735b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8735b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f874c9\" data-id=\"6f874c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f875fe elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f875fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">India is a large populated country and the electricity supply need of this population creates requirement of large transmission and distribution system. Transmission line is an integrated system consisting of conductor subsystem, ground wire subsystem and one subsystem for each category of support structure. The improvement in power scenario will affect the economic development of a country. So it is necessary to give prior importance in power improvement. Line losses play an important role in its efficiency. Reduction in its losses will improve the power scenario in India. With this view, this paper describes the variations of active and reactive power losses at different buses.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 246-250\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 04 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sanjib Hazarika<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, EE Department, GIMT, Azara, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tA. J. Wood, B. F. Wollenberg. Power Generation Operation and Control. 2nd ed. John Willey &#038; Sons Inc<br \/>\r\n[2].\tLoad flows, Chapter 18, Bus classification, Comparison of solution methods, N-R method\u2013Electrical Power system by C.L.WADHWA.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tD.I.Sun, B.Ashley, B.Brewer, A.Hughes and W.F.Tinney, \u201cOptimal Power Flow by Newton Approach\u201d, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and systems, vol.103, No.10, 1984, pp2864-2880.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tMr. Rudresh. B. Magadum, Mr. Tejaswi. M. Timsani, \u201cMinimization of Power Loss in Distribution Networks by Different Technology\u201d.,International Journal of Scientific &#038; Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 5, 2012<br \/>\r\n[5].\tP. V. V. Rama Rao and S. Sivanagaraju, \u201cRadial istribution NetworkReconfiguration for Loss Reduction and Load Balancing using Plant Growth Simulation Algorithm\u201d, International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics &#8211; Volume 2, Number 4, 2010<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Sanjib Hazarika &#8220;Power Flow Analysis of IEEE 30 Bus System<\/i> &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.246-250 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/246-250.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/246-250.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/power-flow-analysis-of-ieee-30-bus-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Power Flow Analysis of IEEE 30 Bus System<\/i><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f886a5 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f886a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f888df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f888df\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f88ba9\" data-id=\"6f88ba9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f88dee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f88dee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f88ea8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f88ea8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f89028\" data-id=\"6f89028\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8914c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8914c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Real Time Vehicle Intimation System Using GPS and GSM Technology <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Sruthin Balachandran V V, Manjukiran B &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 251-253<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f891f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f891f5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f89363\" data-id=\"6f89363\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f89494 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f89494\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The safety of private and public vehicles is a major concern nowadays so having GPS vehicle tracking system ensures their safety while travelling. The aim of our project is to make an effective smart college bus tracking systems that sends a group message ie alert to the students waiting at the next stop. When bus start moving from one stop to the next the GPS module compares the present location with the already stored location and the system automatically sends message to all the members of next stop using GSM module. This project also describes a design of effective alarm system that can monitor an automotive \/ vehicle \/ car condition in travelling and to inform emergency about an accident that has occurred.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 251-253\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 04 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sruthin Balachandran V V <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication, AJ Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Manjukiran B <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication, AJ Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAnkit Kesharwani, VaishaliSadaphal, MaitreyaNatu, \u2015Empowering bus transportation system using wireless sensor networks\u2016<br \/>\r\n[2].\tXing Jianping, Zhang jun, Cheng Hebin, Li Changging, Shi xiaohui, \u2015GPS real time vehicle alarm monitoring system based on GPRS and CSD using the embedded system,\u2016 International Conference on ITS Telecommunications, 2006.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tV. Venkatakrishnan, R. Seethalakshmi, \u2015Public transport ticketing and monitoring system\u2016, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, Vol. 38, No.1, April 2012.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tN. Vijayalashmy, V.Yamuna, G. Rupavani, A. KannakiVasanthaAzhagu, \u2015GNSS based bus monitoring and sending SMS to the passengers,\u2016 International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Application Engineering, Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, March 2014.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tK. V. Natarajan, \u2015GSM based bus location tracking and passenger density detection system\u2016, In proceedings of International Conference in Telecommunication Technology And Applications IACSIT press, vol.5, pp-192 &#8211; 195, Singapore, 2011.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tSwapnil Bhosale, Abhishek Aru,TusharJashav,VikasKalokhe,SantoshSambare, \u2015RFID Based Bus Tracking System\u2016, International Journal of Research in Computer and Communication Technology, Vol. 3(2 ):208-212, February- 2014<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Sruthin Balachandran V V, Manjukiran B  &#8220;Real Time Vehicle Intimation System Using GPS and GSM Technology &#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.251-253 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/251-253.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/251-253.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/real-time-vehicle-intimation-system-using-gps-and-gsm-technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Real Time Vehicle Intimation System Using GPS and GSM Technology <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a25a elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f8a25a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a333 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8a333\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a4ac\" data-id=\"6f8a4ac\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a5d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8a5d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a66d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8a66d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a7f1\" data-id=\"6f8a7f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a919 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8a919\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Restoration of Images Based on Patch Processing<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>G Vismaya, Soorej K S &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 254-259<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8a9bd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8a9bd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8ab2f\" data-id=\"6f8ab2f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8ac63 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f8ac63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">It is observed that there is a great increase in use of images in all fields. The different source has different formats for image and can introduce some kind of distortion in it. The increase in use of images increases the need to develop technology of restoration of clear image from corrupted one. In recent times, image processing methods using local patches has become very common.  Patch is generally a small rectangular piece of an image. These are small pixel areas and powerful primitives in image processing. The proposed method implements an image restoration depicting the cases of image denoising and inpainting using patch processing. The work flow is formulated in such a way that for a corrupted image, we may extract patched and reorder them in such a way that they are placed in a shortest path of possibility. Then depending on the quality of the images that is, noisy or containing missing pixels, operations that may smoothen image such as filtering or interpolation is applied to the reordered patches to get a  good recovery of the image. PSNR and MSE are analyzed as image quality assessments. Then we may permute the image many times under various iterations ( the number of iterations for a denoising is two and for inpainting is three) and may observe the improvement of peak signal to noise ratio and the decrement of  Mean square error as the image quality improvement.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 254-259\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 05 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>G Vismaya<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Soorej K S <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tVardan Papyan and Micheal Elad (2013). Multi Scale Patch Based Image Restoration: IEEE Journal Transactions on Image Processing<br \/>\r\n[2].\tD Zoran and Y Weiss (2011). From Learning Models of Natural Image Patches to Whole Image Restoration: IEEE International Conference, Computer Vision Applications<br \/>\r\n[3].\tA Buades, B Coll and J M Morel (2006) A review of Image Denoising Algorithms; Multiscale Modeling and Simulation<br \/>\r\n[4].\tM Aharon (2012). Image Denoising via sparse and Redundant Representations; IEEE Transactions, Image Processing<br \/>\r\n[5].\tD Heinen and G Plonka (2012) Wavelet Shrinkage on Paths for Denoising of Scattered Data; Multiscale  Modelling and Simulation<br \/>\r\n[6].\tX. Li (2008) Patch Based Image Interpolation: algorithms and Applications; International Workshop on Local and Non Local Approximation in Image Processing<br \/>\r\n[7].\t W.Richardson (1991) Bayesian Based Iterative Methods on Image restoration; Journal of Optical Society of  America<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">G Vismaya, Soorej K S  &#8220;Restoration of Images Based on Patch Processing&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.254-259 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/254-259.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/254-259.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/restoration-of-images-based-on-patch-processing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Restoration of Images Based on Patch Processing <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8ba66 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f8ba66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8bb3c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8bb3c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8bcae\" data-id=\"6f8bcae\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8bdca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8bdca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8be70 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8be70\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8bfe5\" data-id=\"6f8bfe5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8c125 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8c125\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>The Relationship between Cocoa Yield and Climate Variables in Oyo State, Nigeria Using Multiple Linear Regression and Support Vector Machine Analysis<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Femi S. Omotayo, Philip G. Oguntunde, Olusola S. Makinde and Ayorinde. A. Olufayo &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 260-268<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8c1cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8c1cf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8c35e\" data-id=\"6f8c35e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8c49d elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f8c49d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between cocoa yield and climate variables and examines the variations among them using multiple linear regression, principal component analysis and support vector machine. The climatic and cocoa yield data for thirty (30) years between 1985 and 2014 was used for the study.  Cocoa yield exhibits a coefficient of variation of 39.39% with an average of 33637.13 t\/ha. The highest coefficient of variation (CV) of 23.4% in the climatic variables was exhibited by wind speed with an annual mean value of 15.6 km\/hr which was followed by Pan evaporation with a CV of 12.4% and with an average value of 1396.2 mm\/yr.  Rainfall has a coefficient of variation (CV) of 16.67% with a mean value of 1355 mm\/yr. Solar radiation varied with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 10.3% and an average value of 15.14 MJ\/m2\/day. The air temperature with a CV of 1.2% has the least variation out of the climatic series that was examined. Cocoa yield temporal trend shows a non-significant decrease at the rate of 0.026 t\/ha\/yr (P>0.05) decreasing trends. There was a sharp decrease in cocoa yield between 1988 \u2013 1990 and short-term fluctuations of scores of PC1 which runs parallel to those of the yield. A sharp increase in the cocoa yield was noticed between 1990 \u2013 2014. Using SVM regression analysis only rainfall, solar radiation and temperature were the variables that were best correlated with cocoa yield with an r2 value of 0.52. The findings from this research work are expected to provide a baseline for knowledge in regional climate-yield studies. This will aid efforts at assessing high breeds cocoa that could positively respond to future climate actions at mitigating the effect of climate change in the study area. This research work could be extended to other cocoa-producing areas.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 260-268\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 06 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Femi S. Omotayo<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Philip G. Oguntunde<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Olusola S. Makinde <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Statistics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ayorinde. A. Olufayo<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAdeniyi, O. R., and Ogunsola, G. O. (2014). Cocoa Production and Related Socio-economic and climate change factors: A case study of Ayedire local government area of Osun state, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science. Vol. 2, Issue 4, Pp 1-13. ISSN 2291-4471.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tAjewole, D. O., and Iyanda, S. (2010). Effect of climate change on cocoa yield: A case of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) farm, Oluyole local government, Ibadan, Oyo State. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 12(1), 350-358.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tAnim-Kwapong, G. J and Frimpong E. B (2005). The vulnerability of agriculture to climate change-impact of climate change on cocoa production. Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana.http:\/\/www.nlcap.net\/fileadmin\/NCAP\/<br \/>\r\n[4].\tAyoade, J. O. (2004). Introduction to Climatology for the Tropics. Spectrum Books Limited, Ibadan, Nigeria. Pp. 230.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tCohen, S., Ianetz, A, Stanhill, G (2002). Evaporative climate changes at Bet Dagan, Israel, 1964-391 1998. Agric For Meteorol 111: 83-91<br \/>\r\n[6].\tInternational Cocoa Organization (ICCO) (2005). World Cocoa production, 2005. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.icco.org.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tInternational Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) (2002). Annual Report. International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria, http:\/\/www.iita.org\/c\/document_library<br \/>\r\n[8].\tJagtap, S. S, and Alabi, R.T (1997). Reliability of daily, weekly and monthly grass evapotranspiration  using hourly estimates by Penman method in three agro-ecological zones of West  Africa. Nigerian Meteorological Journal 2(1): 59-68.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tJollife, I.T (1990). Principal component analysis: a beginner\u2019s guide. Part I: Introduction and application. Weather 45:375-382<br \/>\r\n[10].\tJones, P.G., Thornton, P.K. (2003). The potential impacts of climate change on maize Production in Africa and Latin America in 2055. Global Environmental Change 13, 51\u201359.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tMonteith, J. L (1965). Evaporation and environment. In: Fogg, G.E. (Ed), The State and 427 Movement of Water in Living Organisms.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tObatolu, C. R., Fashina, A. B., and Olaiya, A. O. (2003). Effects of climatic changes on cocoa production in Nigeria. Proceeding of African Crop Science Conference, 5, 957- 959.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tOfori-Boateng, K. and Insah B. (2011). an empirical analysis of the impact of climate change on cocoa production in selected countries in West Africa. Journal of sustainable development in Africa (Volume 13, No.8, 2011) ISSN: 1520-5509 Clarion University of Pennsylvania, Clarion, Pennsylvania<br \/>\r\n[14].\tOguntunde, P.G, Alatise, M.O (2007). Environmental regulation and modeling of cassava  canopy conductance under drying root-zone soil water. Meteorological Applications 10: 245-252<br \/>\r\n[15].\tOguntunde, S. O., I. A. Ajibefun, P. G. Oguntunde and S. C. Anugwo (2014b). Analysis of trends and Association between climatic variables and cocoa yield in Ondo State, 1976-2009. Journal of meteorology and climate science. J.met and clim. Sci 12(1): 42-50.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tOguntunde, P.G, van de Giesen, N (2005). Water flux measurement and prediction in young  cashew trees using sap flow data. Hydrological Processes, 19: 3235-3248.<br \/>\r\n[17].\tOguntunde, P.G, Lischeid, G, Abiodun, B.J, Dietrich, O (2014a). Analysis of spatial and temporal patterns in onset, cessation and length of growing season in Nigeria. Agriculture and  Forest Meteorology 194:77-87.<br \/>\r\n[18].\tOguntunde, P.G, Abiodun, B J, Olukunle, O.J, and Olufayo, A.A (2012). Trends and variability in pan evaporation and other climatic variables at Ibadan, Nigeria, 19732008. Meteorol.  Appl. 19: 464-472.<br \/>\r\n[19].\tOguntunde, P. G, Lischeid, G and   Dietrich, O. (2017). The Relationship between rice yield and climate variables in southwest Nigeria using multiple linear regression and support vectormachine analysis. International Journal of Biometeorology ISSN 0020-7128  DOI 10.1007\/s00484-017-1454-6<br \/>\r\n[20].\tOluyole, K. A., and Sanusi, R. A. (2009). Socio-Economic Variables and Cocoa Production in Cross River State, Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology, 25(1), 5-8.<br \/>\r\n[21].\tOyekale, A. S., Bolaji, M. B., and Olowa, O. W. (2009). The effects of climate change on cocoa production and vulnerability assessment in Nigeria. Agricultural Journal, 4(2), 77-85.<br \/>\r\n[22].\tStanhill G, and Cohen S (2001). Global dimming: A review of the evidence for a widespread and  significant reduction in global radiation with discussion of its probable causes and possible agricultural consequences. Agric For Meteorol 107: 255-278,<br \/>\r\n[23].\tThomas, B; Lischeid G; Steidl, J, and Dannowski, R (2012). Regional catchment classification with  respect to low flow risk in a Pleistocene landscape. Journal of Hydrology  http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2012.10.020<br \/>\r\n[24].\tWild, M (2009) Global dimming and brightening: A review Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, D00D16, doi:10.1029\/2008JD011470,<br \/>\r\n[25].\tWright, J. C. (1993). Banana and plantain, (AB International Wallong food.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Femi S. Omotayo, Philip G. Oguntunde, Olusola S. Makinde and Ayorinde. A. Olufayo  &#8220;The Relationship between Cocoa Yield and Climate Variables in Oyo State, Nigeria Using Multiple Linear Regression and Support Vector Machine Analysis&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.260-268 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/260-268.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/260-268.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/the-relationship-between-cocoa-yield-and-climate-variables-in-oyo-state-nigeria-using-multiple-linear-regression-and-support-vector-machine-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The Relationship between Cocoa Yield and Climate Variables in Oyo State, Nigeria Using Multiple Linear Regression and Support Vector Machine Analysis <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8d3e3 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f8d3e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8d4ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8d4ba\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8d646\" data-id=\"6f8d646\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8d776 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8d776\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8d81c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8d81c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8d999\" data-id=\"6f8d999\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8dad2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8dad2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Institutional Ownership and Financial Performance of Quoted Building Materials Firms in Nigeria<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Yakubu Abubakar, Danjuma Umaru and Adejoh Daikwo &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 269-273<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8db77 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8db77\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8dcf8\" data-id=\"6f8dcf8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8de21 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f8de21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This study examines the impact of institutional ownership on financial performance of quoted building materials firms in Nigeria. The population of the study consists of six (6) firms quoted on the Nigerian stock exchange as at 31st December 2016 out of which four (4) firms were selected using two criteria which are company that made available their annual report of thirteen (13) years and company quoted on the Nigerian stock exchange before 2004. The study uses multiple regressions as a tool for analysis and secondary source of data analysis. The result of the study revealed that institutional ownership impacts positively significantly on financial performance of quoted building materials firms in Nigeria. The study concludes that institutional ownership affects financial performance of building materials firms in Nigeria and recommended that Security and exchange commission should encourage potential institutional investors in the building material industry to invest in long term investment.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 269-273\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 06 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Yakubu Abubakar<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Danjuma Umaru<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Adejoh Daikwo <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nCollege of Education, Gidan Waya, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAbdullah .S.N. (1999), The Role of corporate governance and ownership structure On accounting earnings quality. Unpublished PhD Dissertation. University Utara Malaysia.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tArgrawal, A. &#038; Knoeber, R.C. (1996), Firm Performance and Mechanisms To Control Agency Problems Between Managers and Shareholders: The Journal Of Financial And Quantitative Analysis, Volume 31, No. 3, pp. 337 \u2013 397.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tCharfeddine, L. &#038; Abdelaziz, E. (2011), Institutional ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from France, IUP Journal of Behavioural Finance, Volume number. 7, No. 4.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tFama, E. F. &#038; Jensen,M. C. (1988), Agency Problems and Residual Claims, The Journal of Law and Economics, 26, pp. 327-349.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tHenry, T. &#038; Zheng, G. (2007), Institutional Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from U.S-Based Public Traded Restaurant Firms, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, Vol. 3, No. 1 19-38.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tHermalin, B.E &#038; Weisbach (2000), Board of Directors as Endogenously Determined Institution: A Survey of the Economic Literature, Ohio State University, Department of Finance, National Bureau of Economic Research, United States.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tGujarati (2004), Basic Econometrics, Fourth edition.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tGhasemi and Zahediasl (2012), Normality Test For Statistical Analysis: A Guide for Non- Statisticians, International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tJean, M.S. &#038; Hadiya, O.G. (2010), Institutional Investors\u2019 Typology and Firm Performance: The Case of French Firms, International Journal Of Business, 15(1), 1083-4346.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tJianguo, C. &#038; Dar-ttsin, C. (2007), Does Institutional Ownership Create Values, Department of Economics and Finance, Massey University, New Zealand.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tMarcia, M.C., Allan M.C., Anthony, S.&#038; Hassan, T (2007), The impact of institutional ownership on corporate operating Performance, Journal of Banking &#038; Finance, 1771\u20131794.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tPer-Olof, B., Eklund, E.J &#038; Wiberg, D. (2007), Institutional Owners and the Return on Investments, J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping International Business School (JIBS), and Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS), Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tPrasad, S.B &#038; Michael, G. (2007), Institutional Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from Finland, Deakin University; Melbourne Campus at Burwood; 221, Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tRichard, H. &#038; Jesper, S. (2016), Institutional Ownership and Its Implication On Firm Performance: Master\u2019s Thesis, Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tRyan, V.L &#038; Schneider, M. (2002), The Antecedents of Institutional Investor Activism: The Academy of Management Review, Volume 27, No. 4.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Yakubu Abubakar, Danjuma Umaru and Adejoh Daikwo  &#8220;Institutional Ownership and Financial Performance of Quoted Building Materials Firms in Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.269-273 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/269-273.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/269-273.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/institutional-ownership-and-financial-performance-of-quoted-building-materials-firms-in-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Institutional Ownership and Financial Performance of Quoted Building Materials Firms in Nigeria <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8ed30 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f8ed30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8ee05 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8ee05\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8ef7e\" data-id=\"6f8ef7e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8f094 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8f094\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8f132 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8f132\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8f29c\" data-id=\"6f8f29c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8f3bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f8f3bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Haematological Profile of Diabetes and Non-Diabetes Patients in Abuja, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Lawrence Chinaemelu Umeji, Abiodun Olaiya Paul, Sanni Olaniyi Felix, Charity Nkem Umeji, Abiodun Abiola Folake, Okeke Ndubisi Chrisitian, Nicholas Innocent Eigege, Chisara Sylvestina Okolo &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 274-277<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f8f458 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f8f458\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f8f5c8\" data-id=\"6f8f5c8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f8f7fe elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f8f7fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Diabetes mellitus, has over the years become a very serious global public health challenge and a complex disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that leads to long-term macrovascular and microvascular complications.The purpose of this study is to investigate changes in some hematological parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus and compare the results with non-diabetic individuals that will serve as the control. This is a hospital-based case control study carried out within Abuja, Federal Capital of Nigeria. The Samples were processed and analyzed in the Defence Reference Laboratory, Asokoro, Abuja. Venipuncture was performed on each patient.Complete Blood Count was performed using the 2ML EDTA blood tubes using the Sysmex platform while Fasting blood sugar was performed using the 2ML Fluoride Oxalate blood tube, these assays were performed using an automated Chemistry analyser (Selectra Pro S). The data were analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) for Windows version 25. No statistically significant differenc\u00ace between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups respecting gender, PLT CT and MCH whereas there were statistically signifi\u00accant differences between the groups respecting; FBS, PCV, WBC, RBC, MCHC, and MCV (P<0.05). Only LUM (x109L) and MONO (x109L) were insignificantly different between diabetic and non-diabetic groups. This study revealed that unrecognized anemia exists in diabetic patients. The severity of anemia may be greater in subjects with retinopathy. It is suggested that the hematological parameters should be evaluated and treated periodically in diabetic patients to reduce the load, of ocular morbidity due to retinopathy.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 274-277\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 06 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Lawrence Chinaemelu Umeji<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDefence Reference Laboratory, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abiodun Olaiya Paul<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of National Integrated Specimen Referral Network, AXIOS International<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sanni Olaniyi Felix <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Global Health-WABCS, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Charity Nkem Umeji <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Chemical Pathology, Federal Medical Centre, Jabi, Abuja, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abiodun Abiola Folake <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Medical Laboratory Services, General Hospital Makurdi, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Okeke Ndubisi Chrisitian<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDefence Reference Laboratory, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nicholas Innocent Eigege<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDefence Reference Laboratory, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Chisara Sylvestina Okolo<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDefence Reference Laboratory, Asokoro, Abuja, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Alebiosu, O., Familoni, O.,Ogunyemi, O., Raimi, T., Balogun, W., Odusan, O., \u2026 Adewuyi, P. (2013). Community-based diabetes risk assessment in Ogun state, Nigeria (World Diabetes Foundation project 08-321). Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 17(4), 653. doi:10.4103\/2230-8210.113756<br \/>\r\n[2].\tWHO. (2018). Global report on diabetes: News release. Geneva. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/diabetes<br \/>\r\n[3].\tHall, V. (2011). Diabetes in Sub Saharan Africa 1999-2011\u202f: Epidemiology and Public Health Diabetes in Sub Saharan Africa 1999-2011\u202f: BMC public health,11(1), 564. doi:10.1186\/1471-2458-11-564<br \/>\r\n[4].\tAkinkugbe, O. (1997). No TitleNon-communicable diseases in Nigeria, series 4 final Report of aNational Survey Federal Ministry of Health Services, Lagos, 12\u201314.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tBiadgo, B., Melku, M., Abebe, S. M., &#038; Abebe, M. (2016). Hematological indices and their correlation with fasting blood glucose level and anthropometric measurements in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 9, 91\u201399. doi:10.2147\/DMSO.S97563<br \/>\r\n[6].\tKothari, R., &#038; Bokariya, P. (2012). A Comparative Study of Haematological Parameters in Type I mellitus Patients &#038; healthy Young Adolescents . International Journal of Biological and Medical Research, 3(4), 2429\u20132432.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tPan, L., Ye, Y., Wo, M., Bao, D., Zhu, F., Cheng, M., \u2026 Fei, X. (2018). Clinical Significance of Hemostatic Parameters in the Prediction for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy. Disease Markers, 2018, 1\u20137. doi:10.1155\/2018\/5214376<br \/>\r\n[8].\tDemirtas, L., Degirmenci, H., Akbas, E. M., Ozcicek, A., Timuroglu, A., Gurel, A., &#038; Ozcicek, F. (2015). Association of hematological indicies with diabetes, Impaired glucose regulation and microvascular complications of diabetes. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 8(7), 11420\u201311427.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tHarish Kumar, S., Srinivasa, S. V., &#038; Prabhakar, K. (2017). Haematological profile of diabetes and non-diabetes patients in rural tertiary centre. International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 4(5), 1271. doi:10.18203\/2349-3933.ijam20174111<br \/>\r\n[10].\tBharathi, K. (2016). Study of hematological profile and its significance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and, 1(1), 14\u201317. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.innovativepublication.com\/admin\/uploaded%7B_%7Dfiles\/JDPO%5Cn1(1)%7B_%7D14-17.pdf<br \/>\r\n[11].\tEdet, E. E., Akpanabiat, M. I., Uboh, F. E., Edet, T. E., Eno, A. E., Itam, E. H., &#038; Umoh, I. B. (2011). Gongronema latifolium Crude Leaf Extract Reverses Alterations in Haematological Indices and Weight-loss in Diabetic Rats. Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 6(2), 174\u2013181. doi:10.3923\/jpt.2011.174.181<br \/>\r\n[12].\tWaggiallah, H., &#038; Alzohairy, M. (2011). The effect of oxidative stress on human red cells glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase level, and prevalence of anemia among diabetics. North American Journal of Medical Sciences, (December 2014), 344\u2013347. doi:10.4297\/najms.2011.3344<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Lawrence Chinaemelu Umeji, Abiodun Olaiya Paul, Sanni Olaniyi Felix, Charity Nkem Umeji, Abiodun Abiola Folake, Okeke Ndubisi Chrisitian, Nicholas Innocent Eigege, Chisara Sylvestina Okolo  &#8220;Haematological Profile of Diabetes and Non-Diabetes Patients in Abuja, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.274-277 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/274-277.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/274-277.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/haematological-profile-of-diabetes-and-non-diabetes-patients-in-abuja-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Haematological Profile of Diabetes and Non-Diabetes Patients in Abuja, Nigeria <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f905b3 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f905b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f90683 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f90683\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f907fe\" data-id=\"6f907fe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f90913 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f90913\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f909ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f909ba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f90b24\" data-id=\"6f90b24\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f90c31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f90c31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Mathematical Modeling of Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of <i>Acalypha Wilkesiana<\/i> Leaves<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Fehintola E. O, Olasehinde, E.F, Lajide, L and Oloruntoba, D.T &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 278-286<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f90cce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f90cce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f90e6e\" data-id=\"6f90e6e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f90fb8 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f90fb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Acalypha wilkesiana leaves were collected at Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo. Cleaned leaves were subjected to sun-dry and air-dry processes. Sun-dried and air-dried leaves were powdered, sieved and stored in desiccators at room temperature. A known mass of the powdered leaves was soaked in ethanol in different containers for 72 hours to obtain inhibitor extracts. Extracts were used as inhibitor for mild steel of known composition. Weight loss, inhibition efficiency (IE) and corrosion rate were studied using standard methods. Models that relate concentration of inhibitor and temperature to IE were proposed, established and evaluated using statistical methods . The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing extracts concentration to 88.89 % and 80.51 % at 333K of 1.0 g\/l of extracts for the air and sun-dried extracts, respectively. The inhibition efficiency also increases with increasing temperature of the reaction system suggesting a chemical adsorption mechanism. The best models for sun and air dried extracts were IE= -31.71+7.07X<sub>1<\/sub>+0.25X<sub>2<\/sub>+0.09X<sub>1<\/sub>X<sub>2<\/sub> \u00a0and IE= 0.21X<sub>1<sup>0.23 <\/sup><\/sub>X<sub>2 <sup>1.04<\/sup><\/sub>\u00a0with MSC (4.3 and 4.1), AIC (69.3 and 67.9) and SC (72.3 and 70.8) and CD (0.990 and 0.988), respectively. The worst models for sun and air dried extracts were Log(IE)=1.91+0.27 Log(X<sub>1<\/sub>)+0.0002 Log(X<sub>2<\/sub>)+ 0.0007 Log(X<sub>1<\/sub>X<sub>2<\/sub>) and Log(IE)=1.92+0.26 Log(X<sub>1<\/sub>)+0.002 Log(X<sub>2<\/sub>) with MSC (1.7 and 2.1) , AIC (120.4 and 111.6) , SC (123.4 and 108.6) and CD ( 0.887 and 0.910) respectively. It was concluded that these two extracts of the present study can serve as effective green corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic media.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 278-286\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 06 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Fehintola E. O<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ondo, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Olasehinde, E.F<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Lajide, L  <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Oloruntoba, D.T <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAlaneme, K.K., Daramola, Y.S., Olusegun, S.J., Afolabi, A.S., (2015). Corrosion inhibition and adsorption characteristics of rice husk extracts on mild steel immersed in 1M H2SO4 and HCl solutions. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 10, 3553 &#8211; 3567<br \/>\r\n[2].\tAl-Otaibi,M.S. ,A.M. Al-Mayouf, M. Khan, A.A. Mousa, S.A. Al-Mazroa and H.Z. Alkhathlan (2014). Corrosion inhibitory action of some plant extracts on the corrosion of mild steel in acidic media. Arabian Journal of Chemistry 7, 340\u2013346.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tAmeer, M.A., and Fekry, A.M., 2010. Inhibition effect of newly synthesized heterocyclic organic molecules on corrosion of steel in alkaline medium containing chloride. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 35, 11387 \u2013 11396<br \/>\r\n[4].\tAnees, A. K,., Ahmed, N. A. and  Nagham, A. A. (2018). Xanthium strumarium leaves extracts as a friendly corrosion inhibitor of low carbon steel in hydrochloric acid: Kinetics and mathematical studies. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering 25, 13 &#8211; 21<br \/>\r\n[5].\tBarati, R (2013) Application of Excel Solver for Parameter Estimation of the Nonlinear Muskingum Models. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 17(5):1139-1148<br \/>\r\n[6].\tFouda, A.S., Megahed, H.E., Fouad, N., Elbahrawi, N.M., (2016). Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution by aqueous extract of Thevetia peruviana. J. Bio Tribo Corros. 2, 16 &#8211; 22.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tGhulamullah, K., Kazi M. S., Newaz, W. J., Basirun, H. B.,  Mohd, A., F. Lafta, F., G. and Mustafa, K., (2015). Application of natural product extracts as green corrosion inhibitors for metals and alloys in acid pickling processes e a review. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 10,  6120 \u2013 6134<br \/>\r\n[8].\tHassan, K.H., Khadom, A.A., and Kurshed, N.H., (2016). Citrus aurantium leaves extracts as a sustainable corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in sulfuric acid. South Afr. J. Chem. Eng. 22, 1 \u2013 5<br \/>\r\n[9].\tHui, Z., Xue, Z., Luobin W., Kai, W. and Wendong, W. (2018) Development of a software tool for teaching real\u2010time state simulation of water distribution networks, Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 26 (3), 577-588.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tKhadom, A.A., and Abdul-Hadi, A.A., (2014). Kinetic and mathematical approaches to the corrosion of mild steel in nitric acid. Reac. Kinet. Mech. Cat. 112, 15 &#8211; 26.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tKhadom, A.A., Hassan, A.F., and Abod, B.M., (2015). Evaluation of environmentally friendly inhibitor for galvanic corrosion of steelecopper couple in petroleum waste water. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 98, 93 \u2013 101<br \/>\r\n[12].\tKhaled, K.F., (2011). Studies of the corrosion inhibition of copper in sodium chloride solutions using chemical and electrochemical measurements. Mater. Chem. Phys. 125, 427 &#8211; 433.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tMusa, A.Y., Khadom, A.A., and  Kadhum, A.H., (2010). Kinetic approach to mild steel corrosion inhibition by 4-amino-5- phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 41, 126 &#8211; 128.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tNathiya, R.S., and Vairamuthu, R., (2017). Evaluation of Dryopteris cochleata leaf extracts as green inhibitor for corrosion of aluminium in 1 M H2SO4. Egypt. J. Petroleum 26, 313 \u2013 323<br \/>\r\n[15].\tNnabuk O. E., Patricia, A. E. and Paul A.P. M. (2009). Ethanol extract of Terminalia catappa as a green inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in H2SO4 Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews. 2(4), 223 &#8211; 231.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tObi-Egbedi, N.O. Obot, I.B and Umoren, S.A (2012). Spondias mombin L. as a green corrosion inhibitor for aluminium in sulphuric acid: Correlation between inhibitive effect and electronic properties of extracts major constituents using density functional theory. Arabian Journal of Chemistry . 5, 361\u2013373.<br \/>\r\n[17].\tOke, I. A. ; Ismail, A. ; Lukman, S. ;  S. O. Ojo, O. O. Adeosun, and M. O. Nwude (2016). Economics and Statistical Evaluations of Using Microsoft Excel Solver in Pipe Network Analysis. J. Pipeline Syst. Eng. 7(4): 06016002-1- 9<br \/>\r\n[18].\tOke, I. A.; Lukman, S. and Ismail, A(2017). Development And Performance Evaluation Of A New Numerical Model For  Groundwater Recharge Estimation. Nigeria Journal of Engineering , 23(2), 56 -65<br \/>\r\n[19].\tSanjay, K.S., Peter, A., and  Obot, I. B., (2015). Potential of Azadirachta indica as a green corrosion inhibitor against mild steel, aluminum, and tin: a review. J. Anal. Sci. Technol. 6, 26 &#8211; 33.<br \/>\r\n[20].\tTay, K. G; Kek, S. L. and Rosmila A. K. (2014). Solving Non-Linear Systems by Newton\u2019s Method Using Spreadsheet Excel.<br \/>\r\n[21].\tvan Loosdrecht, M.C.M., Nielsen, P.H.,Lopez-Vazquez, C.M., Brdjanovic, D., (2016). Experimental Methods in Wastewater Treatment. 1st Edition, International Water Publishing Alliance House, London<br \/>\r\n[22].\tYaro, A.S., Khadom, A.A., and Wael, R.K., (2014). Garlic powder as a safe environment green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic media; adsorption and quantum chemical studies. J. Chin. Chem. Soc. 61, 615 &#8211; 623.<br \/>\r\n[23].\tYaro, A.S., Khadom, A.A., and Wael, R.K., 2013. Apricot juice as green corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in phosphoric acid. Alexandria Eng. J. 52, 129 \u2013 135<br \/>\r\n[24].\tRajendran,S, T.S. Muthumegala, A. Krishnaveni, M. Manivannan, B. Shyamaladevi, B. Narayanasamy, N. Hajara Beevi, A Leemarose (2011). Corrosion behaviour of mild steel in simulated concrete pore solution. ZA\u0160TITA MATERIJALA 52, 35 \u2013 41.<br \/>\r\n[25].\tUmoren, S.A., U.M. Eduok, M.M. Solomon, and  A.P. Udoh (2016). Corrosion inhibition by leaves and stem extracts of Sida acuta for mild steel in 1 M H2SO4 solutions investigated by chemical and spectroscopic techniques. Arabian Journal of Chemistry 9, S209 \u2013 S224 <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Fehintola E. O, Olasehinde, E.F, Lajide, L and Oloruntoba, D.T  &#8220;Mathematical Modeling of Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of <i>Acalypha Wilkesiana<\/i> Leaves&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.278-286 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/278-286.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/278-286.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/mathematical-modeling-of-corrosion-inhibition-efficiency-of-acalypha-wilkesiana-leaves\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Mathematical Modeling of Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of <i>Acalypha Wilkesiana<\/i> Leaves <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f91dae elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f91dae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f91e80 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f91e80\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f92027\" data-id=\"6f92027\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f921ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f921ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f92266 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f92266\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9244b\" data-id=\"6f9244b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9257d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9257d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Mathematical Modeling of Diffusion Controlled Drug Release Profiles from Nanoparticles<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Ibtihag Yahya, Razan Atif, Lina Ahmed, Tahleel Salah Eldeen, Akram Omara, Megdi Eltayeb &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 287-291<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f92642 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f92642\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f927db\" data-id=\"6f927db\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9291a elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f9291a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">This paper is mainly focused on the diffusion-control mechanism, involved in the release process based on mathematical modeling approaches that were collected from the literature which was developed as novel method to estimate and describe the drug release from matrix devices and simulations of drug release from these matrix devices using MATLAB software to conduct a comparison in order to study and differentiate the effect of each factor on the drug release profile. The aim of this paper was to establish models and to differentiate the kinetic release behavior of drug models from polymeric nanoparticles. Mathematical modeling of the release profiles was conducted, showing that the reduction in the thickness of the device as 42, 35 and 20 \u00d7 10<sup>-9<\/sup> m for C<sub>3<\/sub>, C<sub>2<\/sub> and C<sub>1<\/sub> respectively, when fixes the diffusion coefficient value results in inversely proportion relation as increase in the release rate due to the decreases in the thickness values and in other hand when fixed the thickness value and varying the diffusion coefficient as 0.63, 2.50 and 1.01 \u00d7 10-15 cm\u00b2\/s for C<sub>4<\/sub>, C<sub>5<\/sub> and C<sub>6<\/sub> respectively, this results in directly proportional relation as the release rate increasing due to the increase in the diffusion coefficient. The simulation results validated the use of the mathematical models\u2019 equations in the field of manufacturing drug delivery systems and facilities to select an appropriate carrier system geometry for the drug and help in the predetermining the drug release.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 287-291\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 06 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ibtihag Yahya<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 407, Khartoum, Sudan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Razan Atif<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 407, Khartoum, Sudan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Lina Ahmed<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 407, Khartoum, Sudan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Tahleel Salah Eldeen<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 407, Khartoum, Sudan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Akram Omara<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 407, Khartoum, Sudan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Megdi Eltayeb<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 407, Khartoum, Sudan<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]. Kydonieus, A.F., Treatise on Controlled Drug Delivery: Fundamentals-optimization-applications. 2017: Routledge.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tFrenning, G. and M. Str\u00f8mme, Drug release modeled by dissolution, diffusion, and immobilization. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2003. 250(1): p. 137-145.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tNarasimhan, B., Mathematical models describing polymer dissolution: Consequences for drug delivery. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2001. 48(2-3): p. 195-210.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tSiegel, R.A. and M.J. Rathbone, Overview of controlled release mechanisms, in Fundamentals and Applications of Controlled Release Drug Delivery. 2012, Springer. p. 19-43.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tSiepmann, J., et al., HPMC-matrices for controlled drug delivery: A new model combining diffusion, swelling, and dissolution mechanisms and predicting the release kinetics. Pharmaceutical Research, 1999. 16(11): p. 1748-1756.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tDinh, S.M., J.D. DeNuzzio, and A.R. Comfort, Intelligent materials for controlled release. 1999: Amer Chemical Society.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tAchenie, L.E. and N. Pavurala, Modelling of Drug Release from a Polymer Matrix System.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tLin, C.C. and A.T. Metters, Hydrogels in controlled release formulations: Network design and mathematical modeling. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2006. 58(12-13): p. 1379-1408.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tSiepmann, J. and F. Siepmann, Modeling of diffusion controlled drug delivery. Journal of controlled release, 2012. 161(2): p. 351-362.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tEltayeb, M., et al., Electrosprayed nanoparticle delivery system for controlled release. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2016. 66: p. 138-146.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tLi, H., R. Luo, and K. Lam, Modeling of environmentally sensitive hydrogels for drug delivery: An overview and recent developments. 2006.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tFick, A., Ueber Diffusion. Annalen der Physik, 1855. 170(1): p. 59-86.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tCrank, J., The Mathematics of Diffusion: 2d Ed. 1975: Clarendon Press.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tPeppas, N.A. and J.J. Sahlin, A simple equation for the description of solute release. III. Coupling of diffusion and relaxation. International journal of pharmaceutics, 1989. 57(2): p. 169-172.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tPoddar, R.K., et al., Bioadhesive Polymers as a Platform for Drug Delivery: Possibilities and Future Trends. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology, 2010. 2(1): p. 1-6.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tDonev, R., Protein and Peptide Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Vol. 98. 2015: Academic Press.<br \/>\r\n[17].\tLin, C.-C. and A.T. Metters, Hydrogels in controlled release formulations: network design and mathematical modeling. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2006. 58(12-13): p. 1379-1408.<br \/>\r\n[18].\tCooke, N.E. and C. Chen, A contribution to a mathematical theory for polymer-based controlled release devices. International journal of pharmaceutics, 1995. 115(1): p. 17-27.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Ibtihag Yahya, Razan Atif, Lina Ahmed, Tahleel Salah Eldeen, Akram Omara, Megdi Eltayeb  &#8220;Mathematical Modeling of Diffusion Controlled Drug Release Profiles from Nanoparticles&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.287-291 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/287-291.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/287-291.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/mathematical-modeling-of-diffusion-controlled-drug-release-profiles-from-nanoparticles\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Mathematical Modeling of Diffusion Controlled Drug Release Profiles from Nanoparticles <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f938d2 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f938d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f939f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f939f1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f93bd8\" data-id=\"6f93bd8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f93d6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f93d6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f93e5f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f93e5f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9402f\" data-id=\"6f9402f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f94198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f94198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Preparation of Dual-Templated Filter Material Using Grafted Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan for Sequestration of Toxic Tobacco Smoke Products<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Obinna. Ofoegbu, Patrice A.C. Okoye, Augustine. N. Eboatu and Roongnapa S. Srichana &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 292-300<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f94247 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f94247\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f94406\" data-id=\"6f94406\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9457c elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f9457c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1161\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1161\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Smoke from Tobacco contains known toxicants and carcinogens. Outcomes from efforts at containing their impacts by the use of filters have had the challenges of biodegradability and non-recyclability. An imprinting strategy is used in preparing filter materials for sequestration of the degradation products by using a bio friendly, degradable polymer matrix of \u2018Chitosan\u2019, grafted with methacrylic acid thus, molecularly imprinted and non-imprinted polymers were synthesized. Evaluated interaction with the filter materials and sequestered target compounds, confirmed their utility value as studied. Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy showed the polymerization and products\u2019 characteristic functional groups. The morphology and cavity integrities of the samples were determined by scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopies. 1g each of filter samples, P5, P10, MP5, and MP10, were introduced into improvised cigarette holders and using an adapted machine-aided smoking regime, rolled Marlboro brand of cigarettes each weighing 0.75g (without butts), measuring 5.5cm length (without filter butt) and diameter of 0.8cm, were fixed into the improvised cigarette holders and toxicants were sequestered from them. Liquid chromatographic analysis of extracts from the filters was carried out. The fabricated filters sequestered over 60% (max) and above 25% (min) of the Nicotine and other toxicants from the smoked cigarette while comparatively the commercial filter sequestered a little above 10% of these from the stream. The filter materials with dual (blend) template cavities (P10 and MP10) sequestered much higher amount of the smoke stream toxicants than the commercial filters specifically in a 9:1 concentration ratio. This shows the advantaged utility potential of the fabricated MIPs over the conventional filters currently being used.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 292-300\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 07 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1162\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1162\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Obinna. Ofoegbu<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nPolymer, Nano materials and Molecular recognition Research Group, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Patrice A.C. Okoye<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences, Nnamdi, Azikiwe University Awka. Anambra State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Augustine. N. Eboatu<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences, Nnamdi, Azikiwe University Awka. Anambra State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Roongnapa S. Srichana<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nMolecular Recognition Materials Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1163\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1163\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> [1].\tEddaoudi, M.,(2005).Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders:  Surface Area, Pore Size and Density. Journal of the American Chemical Society; 127:40: 14117-14117.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tFu, X., Yang, Q., Zhou, Q., Lin, Q., Wang, C.,(2015).Template-Monomer Interaction in Molecular Imprinting: Is the Strongest the Best? Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials.; 05:02:58-68.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tHoffmann, D., Rivenson, A., Hecht, S.,(1996).The Biological Significance of Tobacco-Specific N-Nitrosamines: Smoking and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung. Critical Reviews in Toxicology.; 26:2: 199-211.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tInternational Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry., (2015).: Physisorption of gases, with special reference to the evaluation of surface area and pore size distribution (IUPAC Technical Report).; 1-19.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tLanders, J., Gor, G., Neimark, A. V., (2003).Density Functional Theory Methods for Characterization of Porous Materials. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects.; 437: 33.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tMerino, E., Verde-Sesto, E., Maya, E., Iglesias, M., S\u00e1nchez,F., Corma, A., (2013).Synthesis of Structured Porous Polymers with Acid and Basic Sites and Their Catalytic Application in Cascade-Type Reactions. Chemistry of Materials.; 25:6: 981-988.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tOfoegbu, O., (2018).Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Using Chitosan-Methacrylic Acid for Sequestration of Tobacco Specific Nitrosamine Analogues.Ph.D. Dissertation.; 306.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tTaghavi, S., Khashyarmanesh, Z., Moalemzadeh-Haghighi H, Nassirli, H., Eshraghi, P., Jalali, N., (2012).Nicotine content of domestic cigarettes, imported cigarettes and pipe tobacco in Iran. Addict &#038; Health.; 41:28-35.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tSong, M., Benowitz, N., Berman, M., Brasky, T., Cummings K, Hatsukami, D.,(2017).Cigarette Filter Ventilation and its Relationship to Increasing Rates of Lung Adenocarcinoma.JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.;109:12.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tSun, Y., Frankenberg, C., Wood, J., Schimel D, Jung, M., Guanter, L.,(2017).OCO-2 advances photosynthesis observation from space via solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence. Science.; 358: 6360:5747.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tThommes, M., Cychosz K. (2014). Physical adsorption characterization of nanoporous materials: progress and challenges. Adsorption. 20:2-3: 233-250.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tZhengbing Y, Wenxuan H, Josep P, Jordi S, James J E, Enzai D. (2016). Phosphorus accumulates faster than nitrogen globally in freshwater ecosystems under anthropogenic impacts. Ecology Letters.; 19:10<br \/>\r\n[13].\tYing L, Xueliang L, Junde W. (2003). Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction Sorbent for Removal of Nicotine from Tobacco Smoke.Analytical  Letters.; 36:8: 1631-1645.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tYoshimatsu K, Reimhult K, Krozer A, Mosbach K, Sode K, Ye L. (2007). Uniform molecularly imprinted microspheres and nanoparticles prepared by precipitation polymerization: The control of particle size suitable for different analytical applications. Analyticachimica acta.2007; 584:1:112-121.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1164\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1164\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Obinna. Ofoegbu, Patrice A.C. Okoye, Augustine. N. Eboatu and Roongnapa S. Srichana  &#8220;Preparation of Dual-Templated Filter Material Using Grafted Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan for Sequestration of Toxic Tobacco Smoke Products&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.292-300 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/292-300.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1165\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1165\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/292-300.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1166\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1166\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/preparation-of-dual-templated-filter-material-using-grafted-molecularly-imprinted-chitosan-for-sequestration-of-toxic-tobacco-smoke-products\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Preparation of Dual-Templated Filter Material Using Grafted Molecularly Imprinted Chitosan for Sequestration of Toxic Tobacco Smoke Products <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9555b elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f9555b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9563c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9563c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f957d0\" data-id=\"6f957d0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f958f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f958f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f95995 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f95995\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f95b08\" data-id=\"6f95b08\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f95c24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f95c24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Quantifying the Power Generation Potential of Nigeria\u2019s Selected Agrowaste Biomass<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Gregory Obiechefu, Kodak U. Emerson, Anthony U. Onuruka, Paschal I. Nwachukwu &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 301-306<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f95cc9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f95cc9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f95e64\" data-id=\"6f95e64\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f95fbc elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f95fbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Access to clean energy is crucial for economic development. There is huge gap in the energy demand and supply in Nigeria; and with the country\u2019s growing population, there is need to increase and improve on the country\u2019s energy mix. One of such ways of achieving improved energy supply in Nigeria is through the use of anaerobic digestion (AD) technologies. These technologies are most suited to the rural areas where agricultural activities are the major business, and access to clean energy is limited. Using Buswell\u2019s formula, the yearly methane potential of cattle manure co-digested with maize straw at a ratio of 3:1, on the basis of the organic dry matter (ODM), was calculated as \u3016 4.26&#215;10\u3017^9m3, and estimated to give 1846 MW power of electricity. This will mean approximately 50 % increase in Nigeria\u2019s current power output.Mesophilic operating temperature was recommended on the basis of improving digester process stability and energy conservation. The AD technologies would convert the abundant agricultural wastes into useable energy and also reduce uncontrolled green-house gas emission from landfills.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 301-306\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 07 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Gregory Obiechefu<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAgricultural &#038; Bioenvironmental Engineering Department, Imo State Polytechnic, Owerri, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Kodak U. Emerson<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAgricultural &#038; Bioenvironmental Engineering Department, Imo State Polytechnic, Owerri, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Anthony U. Onuruka<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAgricultural &#038; Bioenvironmental Engineering Department, Imo State Polytechnic, Owerri, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Paschal I. Nwachukwu<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAgricultural &#038; Bioenvironmental Engineering Department, Imo State Polytechnic, Owerri, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> [1].\tAmigun, B., Sigamoney, R. and von Blottnitz, H. (2008). Commercialisation of biofuel \tindustry in Africa: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12, \t690-711.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tKumba, T. K., Akinlabi, E. T. and Madyira, D. M. (2016). Anaerobic Digestion for \tSustainable Energy: A Brief Review, Proceedings of the World Congress on \tEngineering and Computer Science 2016 Vol II, \tOctober 19-21, San Francisco, USA.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tThe World Bank (2019). The World Bank in Nigeria. Online:https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/nigeria\/overview<br \/>\r\n[4].\tReed, H. E. &#038; Mberu, B. U. (2014). Capitalizing on \tNigeria\u2019s demographic dividend: \treaping the benefits \tand diminishing the burdens. Etude Popul Afr., 27(2): \t319\u2013\t330.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tShaaban, M. &#038; Petinrin, J. O. (2014). Renewable energy potentials in Nigeria: Meeting \trural energy needs. \tRenewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 29, 72-84.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tOyedepo, S. O. (2012). Energy and sustainable \tdevelopment in Nigeria: the way forward, \tEnergy, \tSustainability and Society, DOI: 10.1186\/2192-0567-2-\t15.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tIgoni, A. H., Ayotamuno, M. J. and Eze, C. L. (2007). \tDesigns of Anaerobic Digesters for \tProducing Biogas \tfrom Municipal Solid-waste, Applied Energy, 430-438.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tUSAID (2015). Power Africa: Nigeria Country Fact Sheet, Online at https:\/\/www.usaid.gov\/documents\/1860\/power \tafrica-nigeria-country-fact-sheet<br \/>\r\n[9].\tASABE (2011). Terminology and definition for biomass production, harvesting and collection, storage, \tprocessing, conversion and utilization, ANSI\/ASABE \tS593.1, \t821-824.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tSimonyan, K. J. and Fasina, O. (2013). Biomass resources and bioenergy potentials in \tNigeria, African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(40), 4975-4989.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tPereira, E. G., Da Silva, J. N., De Oliveira, J. L. and \tMachado, C. S. (2012). Sustainable \tenergy: A review \tof gasification technologies, Renewable Sustainable \tEnergy Rev. (16), 4753-4762.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tFAO, 2015. NIGERIA AMIS Data Assessment Report http:\/\/www.amisoutlook.org\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/amisdocs\/Meetings\/AMIS_Nigeria_Data_Assessment_Report\t_042014.PDF.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tVavilin, V. A., Rytov, S. V. and Ya, L. (2003). Distributed Model of Solid Waste Anaerobic \tDigestion: Effects \tof Leachate Recirculation and pH Adjustment, \tBiotechnology and Bioengineering, 81(1), 66\u201373.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tAquino, S. F. &#038; Stuckey, D.C.( 2008). Integrated model of the production of soluble \tmicrobial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in anaerobic \tchemostats during transient conditions, Biochemical \tEngineering Journal, 38(2), 138\u2013146.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tAppels, L., Baeyens, J., Degreve, J. and Dewil, R. (2008). Principles and potential of the \tanaerobic digestion of waste-activated sludge, Progress in Energy and \tCombusti\ton Science, 34, 755\u2013781.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tPal, M. (2015). The Complete Book on Waste Treatment Technologies. Niir Project \tConsultancy Services, \tDelhi, 110007, India.<br \/>\r\n[17].\tMao, C., Feng, Y., Wang, X., &#038; Ren, G. (2015). Review on research achievements of biogas from anaerobic digestion, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 45, 540\u2013555.<br \/>\r\n[18].\tBatstone, D. J. &#038; Jensen, P. D. (2011). Anaerobic \tProcesses. Treatise on Water Science, (1), 615\u2013639.<br \/>\r\n[19].\tKhalid, A., Arshad, M., Anjum, M., Mahmood, T. and \tDawson, L. (2011). The anaerobic \tdigestion of solid \torganic waste, Waste Management, 31, 1737-1744.<br \/>\r\n[20].\tKim, J. K., Oh, B. R., Chun, Y. N., Kim, S. W. (2006). \tEffects of temperature and hydraulic \tretention time on \tanaerobic digestion of food waste, J. Biosci. Bioeng. 102, \t328\u2013332.<br \/>\r\n[21].\tTrzcinski, A. P., Ray, M. J. &#038; Stuckey, D. C. (2010). Performance of a three-stage membrane \tbioprocess \ttreating the organic fraction of municipal solid waste and \tevolution of its \tarchaeal and bacterial ecology, \tBioresource technology, 101(6), 1652\u201361.<br \/>\r\n[22].\tEkama &#038; Wentzel, 2008.Organic Matter Removal: \tBiological Wastewater Treatment: \tPrinciples, \tModelling and Design, London, UK.<br \/>\r\n[23].\tEsposito, G., Frunzo, L., Giordano, A., Liotta, F., Panico, \tA. and Pirozzi, F. (2012). Anaerobic \tcodigestion of \torganic wastes, Reviews in Environmental Science and \tBiotechnology, \t11(4), 325-341.<br \/>\r\n[24].\tOzturk,  B. (2013). Evaluation of Biogas Production \tYields of Different Waste Materials, \tEarth Science \tResearch, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 165-174,<br \/>\r\n[25].\tHaandel, A. V., and Lubbe, J. V. (2007). Anaerobic Digestion,\u201d in Handbook Biological Waste \tWater \tTreatment-Design and Optimisation of Activated Sludge \tSystems, Leidschendam, Quist Publishing, 339-380.<br \/>\r\n[26].\tAgunwamba, J. C. (2001). Waste: Engineering and management tools. Enugu, Immaculate Publications, p. \t572<br \/>\r\n[27].\tSamer, M. (2010). A Software Program for Planning and Designing Biogas Plant,\u201d Transactions of the ASABE, \t53(4), 1277-1285.<br \/>\r\n[28].\tIzumi, K., Okishio, Y., Nagao, N., Niwa, C., Yamamoto, \tS. et al. (2010). Effects of particle \tsize on anaerobic \tdigestion of food waste, International Biodeterioration &#038;\tBiodegradation, 64, \t601\u2013608<br \/>\r\n[29].\tMshandete, A., Bj\u00f6rnsson, L., Kivaisi, A.K., \tRubindamayugi, M.S.T., et al. (2006). Effect of \tparticle \tsize on biogas yield from sisal fibre waste, Renewable \tEnergy, 31, 2385\u20132392.<br \/>\r\n[30].\tHajji, A. and Rhachi, M. (2013). The influence of particle \tsize on the performance of anaerobic digestion of \tmunicipal solid waste, Energy Procedia, 36, 515-520.<br \/>\r\n[31].\tAgyeman, F. O. and Tao, W. (2014). Anaeobic co-\tdigestion of food waste and diary \tmanure: Effects of \tfood waste particle size and organic loading rate, J. of \tEnvironmental Management, 133, 268-274.<br \/>\r\n[32].\tAngelidaki, I., Karakashev, D., Batstone, D.J., Plugge, C. \tM., and Stams, A. J. M. (2011). \tBiomethanation and Its \tPotential, Methods Enzymol. 494, 327-51.<br \/>\r\n[33].\tNielfa, A., Cano, R. and Fdz-Polanco, M. (2015). Theoretical methane production generated by the co-\tdigestion of organic fraction municipal Solid waste and \tbiological sludge, Biotechnology Reports, 5, 14\u201321.<br \/>\r\n[34].\tLabatut, R. A., Angenent, L. T. and Scott, N. R. (2011). Biochemical methane potential and \tbiodegradability of \tcomplex organic substrates, Bioresource Technol. 102, \t2255\u20132264.<br \/>\r\n[35].\tJingura, R. M. and Kamusoko, R. (2017). Methods for determination of biomethane potential of feedstocks: a \treview, Biofuel Research Journal 14, 573-586.<br \/>\r\n[36].\tThomsen, S. T., Spliid, H. and \u00d8sterg\u00e5rd, H. (2014). \tStatistical prediction of biomethane \tpotentials based on \tthe composition of lignocellulosic biomass, Bioresource \tTechnology, 154, 80-86.<br \/>\r\n[37].\tBuswell, A. M. and Mueller, H. F. (1952). Mechanism of Methane Fermentation, Ind. Eng. Chem., 44(3) 550-\t552.<br \/>\r\n[38].\tNielfa, A., Cano, R. and Fdz-Polanco, M. (2015).Theoretical methane production generated by the co-\tdigestion of organic fraction municipal Solid waste and \tbiological sludge, Biotechnology Reports, 5, 14\u201321.<br \/>\r\n[39].\tAdebayo, A. O., Jekayinfa, S. O. and Linke, B. (2014). \tAnaerobic Co-Digestion of Cattle Slurry with Maize Stalk \tat Mesophilic Temperature, American Journal of \tEngineering Research (AJER), 3(1), 80-88.<br \/>\r\n[40].\tChen, S., Liao, W., Liu, C., Wen, Z., Kincaid, R. L., \tHarrison, J. H., Elliott, D. C. et al. (2003). Value-\tAdded Chemicals from Animal Manure, Northwest \tBioproducts Research Institute-Report#1, Available at http:\/\/www.pnl.gov\/main\/publications\/external\/technical_reports\/PNNL-14495.pdf.<br \/>\r\n[41].\tBanks, C. (2009). Optimising Anaerobic Digestion. \tEvaluating the Potential for Anaerobic \tDigestion to \tprovide Energy and Soil Amendment, University of \tSouthampton, Available \tat http:\/\/www.valorgas.soton.ac.uk\/Pub_docs\/JyU%20SS%202011\/CB%204.pdf.<br \/>\r\n[42].\tClarke, S. (2015). Biomass Burn Characteristics, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, \tAvailable at http:\/\/www.omafra.gov.on.ca\/english\/engineer\/facts\/11-\t033.htm.<br \/>\r\n[43].\tRupf, G. V., Bahri, P. A., de Boer, K. and McHenry, M. \tP. (2017). Development of an optimal \tbiogas system \tdesign model for Sub-Saharan Africa with case studies \tfrom Kenya and Cameroon, Renewable Energy, 109, \t586-601.<br \/>\r\n[44].\tBanks, C. (2009).Anaerobic digestion and energy. \tVarlogas, University of Southampton. Available at http:\/\/www.valorgas.soton.ac.uk\/Pub_docs\/JyU%20SS%202011\/CB%204.pdf<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Gregory Obiechefu, Kodak U. Emerson, Anthony U. Onuruka, Paschal I. Nwachukwu  &#8220;Quantifying the Power Generation Potential of Nigeria\u2019s Selected Agrowaste Biomass&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.301-306 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/301-306.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/301-306.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/quantifying-the-power-generation-potential-of-nigerias-selected-agrowaste-biomass\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Quantifying the Power Generation Potential of Nigeria\u2019s Selected Agrowaste Biomass <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f97522 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f97522\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f975f7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f975f7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f97795\" data-id=\"6f97795\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f978be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f978be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9795e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9795e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f97ad2\" data-id=\"6f97ad2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f97be8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f97be8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Design of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Active and Passive RFID Tags.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Aswathi P A, Sanish V S, Lincy K &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 307-310<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f97c8d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f97c8d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f97df9\" data-id=\"6f97df9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f97f28 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f97f28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The microstrip patch antenna is a printable resonant antenna with distinguishing features such as integration, good radiation control and low cost of production. Thus it can use in a wireless linked application such as RFID. In this paper, the microstrip patch antenna is designed simulated for two frequencies of 5.6GHz and 5.8GHz using HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) software which can be used for active and passive antenna.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 307-310\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 07 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Aswathi P A<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering , Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sanish V S<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering , Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Lincy K<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering , Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> [1].\tRaied A. R. Ibrahim1, Mustapha C.E. Yagoub and Riadh W. Y. Habash (2009), IEEE- 978-1-4244-3508-1, Microstrip patch antenna for RFID applications.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tM. D. ShamimShahriarHossain, and NemaiKarmakar (2006), 4th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, ICECE 2006, An Overview on RFID Frequency Regulations and Antennas.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tH. Stockman, Proceedings of the IRE, pp. 1196-1204, October 1948. Communication by means of reflected power.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tIBM, &#8220;IBM WebSphere RFID Handbook: A Solution Guide&#8221;,(Online),Available:http:\/\/www.redbooks.ibm.com\/abstracts\/sg247 147.html. [Accessed: May 24, 2006].<br \/>\r\n[5].\tBudakErhan, CatayBulent, Tekin Ibrahim; RFID Eurasia, 2007 1st Annual5-6 Sept. 2007 Page(s):1\u20133, IEEE CNF 2007, Microstrip Patch Antenna for RFID Applications.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tR.B.Waterhouse, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003, Microstrip Patch Antennas A Designer\u2019s Guide.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tC. A. Balanis, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1996, Antenna theory: analysis and design.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tC. E. Heinrich, RFID and beyond growing your business through real world awareness. Indianapolis, IN: Wiley Pub., 2005.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tM. Philipose, J. R. Smith, B. Jiang, A. Mamishev, S. Roy, and K. Sundara-Rajan, Battery-free wireless identification and sensing, Pervasive Computing, IEEE, vol. 4, pp. 37-45,2005.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tS. Lahiri, RFID sourcebook. Upper Saddle River, NJ: IBM Press, 2006.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Aswathi P A, Sanish V S, Lincy K  &#8220;Design of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Active and Passive RFID Tags.&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.307-310 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/307-310.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/307-310.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/design-of-microstrip-patch-antenna-for-active-and-passive-rfid-tags\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Design of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Active and Passive RFID Tags. <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f98d6a elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f98d6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f98ec3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f98ec3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9905d\" data-id=\"6f9905d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f99242 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f99242\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f992f5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f992f5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f99475\" data-id=\"6f99475\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f995be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f995be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Does Oil Marketing Companies in Nigeria Complied with Ipieca 2015 Guidelines on Voluntary Disclosure?<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Abdulsalam Nasiru, Kaoje (Ph.D), Abubakar Sabo, Yabo(Ph.D), Ruqaiyat Mohammed, Kaoje (Ph.D) &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 311-316<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f996ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f996ce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9986c\" data-id=\"6f9986c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f999a1 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f999a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">TThis paper used Content Analysis designed to provide an insight into the trend and variability in Sustainability Information Disclosure (SID) of oil marketing companies in Nigeria. The paper also examine whether Oil Marketing Companies disclosure practice conformed to the IPIECA, 2015 guidelines on voluntary sustainability information disclosure. A total of Eight (8) Oil Marketing Companies are used, using census, covering eleven year period (2003-2013). Secondary data was adopted from three sources (NSE factbook, IPIECA 2015 guidelines and NNPC Statistical Bulletin. An unweighted approach for disclosure scoring was adopted, using binary numbers, where one (1) was used as reported item of disclosure and zero (0) as item of disclosure not reported. The findings of this paper revealed that Oil Marketing Companies in Nigeria do not comply with the IPIECA 2015 on voluntary disclosure. The paper recommends that Nigerian stock exchange should make it compulsory, that oil marketing companies in Nigeria to comply with the provision of disclosure practices of IPIECA, 2015 on voluntary sustainability disclosure by setting up a unique regulatory section within the SEC, that will be saddled with the responsibility of collecting and collating sustainability information related data and constructing the relevant indices to facilitate SID by OMC\u2019s in Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 311-316\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 07 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abdulsalam Nasiru, Kaoje (Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Abubakar Sabo, Yabo(Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Ruqaiyat Mohammed, Kaoje (Ph.D)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration, Federal University, Birnin Kebbio, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAbdel-Fattah, T. M. H. (2008). Voluntary Disclosure Practices in Emerging Capital Markets: The Case of Egypt\u2018, PhD thesis, Durham University.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tAdams, C. &#038; Harte, G. (1998). The Changing Portrayal of the Employment of Women in British Banks&#8217; and Retail Companies&#8217; Corporate Annual Reports. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 23 (8):781-812.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tAkhtaruddin, M.; Hossain, M. A.; Hossain, M. &#038; Yao, L. (2009). \u201cCorporate Governance and Voluntary Disclosure in Corporate Annual Reports of Malaysian Listed Firms\u201d, The Journal of Applied Management Accounting Research, 7 (1).<br \/>\r\n[4].\tAlazzani, A. &#038; Wan-Hussin, W. N. (2013). Global Reporting Initiative&#8217;s Environmental Reporting: A Study of Oil and Gas Companies. Ecological Indicators, 32(2): 19-24.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tAmran, A. &#038; Haniffa, R. (2011). Evidence in Development of Sustainability Reporting: Case of A Developing Country. Business Strategy and the Environment,20: 141-156.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tBarako, D. G.; Hancock, P. &#038; Izan, H. Y. (2006). \u201cFactors Influencing Voluntary Corporate Disclosure by Kenyan Companies\u201d, Corporate Governance: An International Review, 14 (2): 107-125.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tBirch, D. (2003). Corporate Social Responsibility: Some Key Theoretical Issues and Concepts for New Ways of Doing Business. Journal of New Business Ideas and Trends, 1 (1): 1-19.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tBuhr, N. (1998). Environmental Performance, Legislation and Annual Report Disclosure: The Case of Acid Rain and Falconbridge. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 11 (2): 163-190.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tCooke, T. E. (1991). An Assessment of Voluntary Disclosure in the Annual Reports of Japanese Corporations\u2018, The International Journal of Accounting Education and Research, 26: 174-189.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tClarkson, P. M.; Yue, L. Gordon, D. R. &#038; Florin, P. V. (2008). Revisiting the Relation between Environmental Performance and Environmental Disclosure: An Empirical Analysis. Accounting, Organization and Society, 5 (3).<br \/>\r\n[11].\tDe Villiers, C. &#038; Van Staden, C. J. (2006). Can Less Environmental Disclosure Have A Legitimising Effect? Evidence from Africa. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 31 (8): 763-781.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tDeegan, C.; Rankin, M. &#038; Voght, P. (2000). Firms\u2019 Disclosure Reactions to Major Social Incidents: Australian Evidence. Accounting Forum, 24 (1): 101\u2013130.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tDong, S. &#038; Burritt, R. (2010). Cross-sectional Bench Marking of Social and Environmental Reporting Practice in the Australian Oil and Gas Industry. Journal of Sustainable Development, 18: 108-118.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tEljayash, K. M.; James, K. &#038; Kong, E. (2012). The Quantity and Quality of Environmental Disclosure in Annual Reports of National Oil and Gas Companies in Middle East and North America. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 4 (10).<br \/>\r\n[15].\tFogarty, T. J. (1996). The Imagery and Reality of Peer Review in the US: Insights from Institutional Theory. Accounting, Organization and Society, 21(3): 243\u2013267.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tGhazali, N. &#038; Weetman, P. (2006). Perpetuating Traditional Influences: Voluntary Disclosure in Malaysia following the Economic Crisis, Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 15: 226-248.<br \/>\r\n[17].\tGray, R.; Owen, D. &#038; Adams, C. (1996). Accounting and Accountability: Changes and Challenges in Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting. Prentice-Hall Europe, Hemel Hempstead.<br \/>\r\n[18].\tHerzig, C. &#038; Schaltegger, S. (2006). Corporate Sustainability Reporting: An Overview. In Schaltegger, S., Bennett, M. &#038; Burritt, R.L. (Eds.), Sustainability Accounting and Reporting. Springer, Dordrecht, 301-324.<br \/>\r\n[19].\tHossain, M.; Tan, L. M. &#038; Adams, M. (1994). Voluntary Disclosure in an Emerging Capital Market: Some Empirical Evidence from Companies Listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange\u2018, The International Journal of Accounting, 29: 334-351.<br \/>\r\n[20].\tInchausti, B. G. (1997).  The Influence of Company Characteristics and Accounting Regulation on Information Disclosed by Spanish Firms\u2018, The European Accounting Review, 6: 45-68.<br \/>\r\n[21].\tA. E. (2008). The Relationship Between Auditing Expectations Gap And Voluntary Corporate Disclosure: Egyptian Evidence, PhD Thesis, Submitted to Department of Business Management, University of Durham, Durham, UK.<br \/>\r\n[22].\tLeventis, S. &#038; Weetman, P. (2004). Voluntary Disclosure in an Emerging Capital Market: Some Evidence from the Athens Stock Exchange, Advances in International Accounting, 17: 227-250.<br \/>\r\n[23].\tMuttakin, M. B. &#038; Khan, A. (2014). Determinants of Corporate Social Disclosure: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh. Advances in Accounting, 30 (1): 168-175.<br \/>\r\n[24].\tSchaltegger, S., Bennett, M. &#038; Burritt, R. (2006). Sustainability Accounting and Reporting: Development, Linkages and Reflection. An Introduction. In: Schaltegger, S.; Bennett, M. and Burritt, R. (eds.) 01\/01. Springer Netherlands. pp. 1-33.<br \/>\r\n[25].\tTregidga, H. &#038; Milne, M. J. (2006). From Sustainable Management to Sustainable Development: A Longitudinal Analysis of A Leading New Zealand Environmental Reporter.  Business Strategy and the Environment, 15(4): 219-241.<br \/>\r\n[26].\tWallace, R. S. O. (1988). Corporate Financial Reporting in Nigeria, Accounting and Business Research, 18 (72): 352-362.<br \/>\r\n[27].\tWallace, R. S. O.; Naser, K. &#038; Mora, A. (1994). \u201cThe Relationship between the Comprehensiveness of Corporate Annual Reports and Firm Characteristics in Spain\u201d, Accounting and Business Research, 25 (97: 41-53.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Abdulsalam Nasiru, Kaoje (Ph.D), Abubakar Sabo, Yabo(Ph.D), Ruqaiyat Mohammed, Kaoje (Ph.D)   &#8220;Does Oil Marketing Companies in Nigeria Complied with Ipieca 2015 Guidelines on Voluntary Disclosure?&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.311-316 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/311-316.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/311-316.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/does-oil-marketing-companies-in-nigeria-complied-with-ipieca-2015-guidelines-on-voluntary-disclosure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Does Oil Marketing Companies in Nigeria Complied with Ipieca 2015 Guidelines on Voluntary Disclosure? <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9a762 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f9a762\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9a82b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9a82b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9a995\" data-id=\"6f9a995\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9aab0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9aab0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9ab5a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9ab5a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9acbc\" data-id=\"6f9acbc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9add0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9add0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Aluminium Recycling, Energy Conservation and Environmental Concerns: A Review<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Alaekwe, I. O &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 317-322<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9ae70 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9ae70\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9aff1\" data-id=\"6f9aff1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9b121 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f9b121\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Aluminium has more uses and applications than any other metal. This implies that there should be a continuous production of this metal so as to meet the increasing demand. Manufacture of aluminium is one that consumes a significant amount of energy. Studies have shown that less amount of energy is required to recycle existing aluminium items. More than a hundred billion aluminium cans and other aluminium based products are sold in the United States each year. A similar number of aluminium cans in other countries are incinerated or sent to unauthorized landfills or dumpsites or littered all over as a result of poor waste management and absence of refuse disposal laws while less than half are recycled. However, the aluminium industry emits millions of tons of greenhouse gases such as carbon (IV) oxide which contributes to global warming annually. It is against this background that the paper reviewing the recycling of aluminium, conservation of energy and environmental concerns is drawn. The extraction of aluminium, environmental impact, aluminium recycling, energy conservation and the future of aluminium will be fully discussed.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 317-322\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 08 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Alaekwe, I. O<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University Gusau Zamfara State. P.M.B 1001, Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> [1].\tAjiwe, V.I.E., Ogbuagu, J.O., and Okoye, V.N. (1998). Pollution Control amd    Waste   Emission Management in Petroleum Resources Industries. Environmental Review 2(2), 82-   87.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tAluminium Association, (2011).  Aluminium: The Element of Sustainability. A North     American Aluminium Industry Sustainability Report.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tCasiday, R and Frey, R. (1998) Acid Rain  http:\/\/www.chemistry.wustl.edu\/~edudev\/LabTutorials\/Water\/FreshWater\/acidrain.html Accessed 15\/12\/2018<br \/>\r\n[4].\tDamgaard, A., Larsen, A. W., &#038; Christensen, T. H. (2009). Recycling of metals: Accounting of Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming Contributions. Waste Management and Research, 27(8), 773-780. DOI: 10.1177\/0734242X09346838<br \/>\r\n[5].\tEnvironment Global Warning and Greenhouse effect, World Almanac 2000, Mahwah: World Almanac Books 2000.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tEuropean Aluminum (2015). Bauxite Residue Management: Best Practice. http\/\/: www. http:\/\/bauxite.worldaluminium.org\/fileadmin\/_migrated\/content_uploads\/Bauxite_Residue_Management_-_Best_Practice. Accessed on 18\/05\/2019<br \/>\r\n[7].\tEssays, UK. (November 2018). The History of Aluminum. https:\/\/www.ukessays.com\/essays\/chemistry\/history-aluminum-4387. Retrieved 21\/12\/2018<br \/>\r\n[8].\tGNCS,(2012). Mitigating Emissions from Aluminum. http:\/\/climate.columbia.edu\/files\/2012\/04\/GNCS-Aluminum-Factsheet.pdf acessed 18\/05\/19.<br \/>\r\n[9].\thttps:\/\/www. container-recycling.org (2006). The Aluminium Can&#8217;s Dirty Little Secret. Accessed   9\/08\/2018.<br \/>\r\n[10].\t https:\/\/www.novelisrecycling.co.uk\/novelis-recycling\/why-recycle-aluminium.   Accessed 25\/11\/2018<br \/>\r\n[11].\thttps:\/\/www.the week.com accessed 08\/11\/2018<br \/>\r\n[12].\thttps:\/\/www.thefirstgroup.com\/dubai, 2012. Accessed 6\/05\/2019<br \/>\r\n[13].\tJohn, B. (2017), \u2018\u2019Aluminum Can Recycling Pros &#038; Cons\u2019\u2019. https:\/\/sciencing.com\/aluminum-can-recycling-pros-cons. Accessed 15\/11\/2018<br \/>\r\n[14].\tLarry, W., (2018) \u2018\u2019The Benefits of Aluminum Recycling\u2019\u2019.    https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/the-benefits-of-aluminum-recycling-1204138. Accessed 15\/11\/2018<br \/>\r\n[15].\tOkonkwo, E.M. and Eboatu, A.N. (1999); Environmental Pollution and Degradation. Onis Excel Creations Ltd., 2, 6-8, 36.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tOsei Yaw, A (2013). New School Chemistry for Senior Secondary Schools. 6th Edition. Africana First Publishers PLC, Onitsha Nigeria. Pp 463-464<br \/>\r\n[17].\tPhilip, M. (2003), Advanced Chemistry. Cambridge university press. Pp. 522<br \/>\r\n[18].\tRai, S., Wasewar, K.L., Lataye, D.H., Mukhopadhyay, J and Yoo, C.K. (2013). Feasibility of red mud neutralization with seawater using Taguchi\u2019s methodology. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. (2013) 10:305\u2013314 DOI 10.1007\/s13762-012-0118-7.<br \/>\r\n[19].\tResidential Waste Systems, 2014. http\/\/: residentialwastesystems.com\/blog\/the-environmental-importance-of-recycling-aluminum-cans accessed 24th March 2019.<br \/>\r\n[20].\tRussell, A.S.,(1983) Energy Savings in Aluminium Production, Use, and Recycling   JOM 35: 51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03338325<br \/>\r\n[21].\tSalman, Z., (2017)  Recycling, Waste Management. https:\/\/www.ecomena.org\/recycling-of-aluminium Accessed 10\/04\/2019<br \/>\r\n[22].\tSalman, Z., (2018) Guide to Aluminium Can Recycling.               https:\/\/www.cleantechloops.com\/recycling-of-aluminium-cans. accessed 16\/05\/19<br \/>\r\n[23].\tSavedge, J. (2017), \u2018\u2019Acid rain: what is it and how you can prevent it\u2019\u2019.   www.thoughtco.com. Retrieved 9\/08\/18.<br \/>\r\n[24].\tSchlesinger, M., (2006) Aluminum Recycling. CRC Press. P. 248. ISBN 978-0-8493-9662-5<br \/>\r\n[25].\tTotten, G. E.; MacKenzie, D. S (2003). Handbook of Aluminum: Volume 2: Alloy  production and materials manufacturing. vol. 2. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc. ISBN 0-8247-0896-2.<br \/>\r\n[26].\twww.hydro.com. Aluminum, Environment and Society. Accessed, 4th December, 2018<br \/>\r\n[27].\tMann, M.E., 2019. Greenhouse gas. http:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/greenhouse gas. Accessed 05\/05\/2019.<br \/>\r\n[28].\tSingh, A and Agrawal, M. (2008). Acid Rain and its Ecological Consequences. Journal of Environmental Biology. 29(1) 15-24.<br \/>\r\n[29].\tShakhashiri, B.Z., (2008). Chemical of the Week. http:\/\/scifun.chem.wisc.edu\/chemweek\/pdf\/aluminumpdf. Accessed 16\/04\/2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Alaekwe, I. O  &#8220;Aluminium Recycling, Energy Conservation and Environmental Concerns: A Review&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.317-322 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/317-322.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/317-322.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/aluminium-recycling-energy-conservation-and-environmental-concerns-a-review\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Aluminium Recycling, Energy Conservation and Environmental Concerns: A Review <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9bebc elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f9bebc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9bf84 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9bf84\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c0f1\" data-id=\"6f9c0f1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c20d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9c20d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c2ae elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9c2ae\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c40f\" data-id=\"6f9c40f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c526 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9c526\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Millimeter Wave Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Applications<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Gana U Kumar, Sanish V S &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 323-327<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c5c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9c5c1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c738\" data-id=\"6f9c738\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9c860 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f9c860\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">5G is expected to support significantly faster mobile broadband speeds and heavier data usage than previous generations while also enabling the full potential of the Internet of Things. A circular microstrip patch antenna and it\u2019s array for future 5G mobile communication networks. The antenna has resonating frequency of 28GHz. The antenna is designed on a Rogers RT5880 (lossy) substrate with dielectric constant of 2.2 and loss tangent (tan\u03b4) of 0.0013. The antenna has a compact size of 6\u00d76\u00d70.578mm3. Array configurations is used to achieve more gain, required for mobile communication. The proposed array has resonance frequency of 28GHz, with maximum gain of 8.9 dB and radiation efficiency of 98.75%. Centre series fed technique is used for the excitation of array. . The antenna dimensions were calculated and simulated results have been displayed and analyzed using HFSS.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 323-327\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 08 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Gana U Kumar<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering , Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottappalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sanish V S<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering , Jawaharlal College of Engineering and Technology, Mangalam, Lakkidi, Ottappalam, Palakkad, Kerala, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> [1].\tHakimi, S. and S. K. A. Rahim, \u201cMillimeter-wave microstrip bent line grid array antenna for 5G mobile communication networks,\u201d 2014 Asia-Paci\ufb01c Microwave Conference (APMC), 622\u2013624, IEEE, November 2014.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tOjaroudiparchin, N., M. Shen, and G. F. Pedersen, \u201cA 28GHz FR-4 compatible phased array antenna for 5G mobile phone applications,\u201d 2015 International Symposium Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), 1\u20134, IEEE, November 2015..<br \/>\r\n[3].\t Jandi, Y., F. Gharnati, and A. O. Said, \u201cDesign of a compact dual bands patch antenna for 5G applications,\u201d 2017 International Conference on Wireless Technologies, Embedded and Intelligent Systems (WITS), 1\u20134, IEEE, April 2017.<br \/>\r\n[4].\t Reddy, N. K., A. Hazra, and V. Sukhadeve, \u201cA compact elliptical microstrip patch antenna for future 5G mobile wireless communication,\u201d IEEE Transactions on Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1\u20134, 2017.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tLoharia, N., S. B. Rana, and N. Kumar, \u201c5G futurecommunication: Requirements and challenges,\u201d 47 Mid-term Symposium on Modern Information and Communication Technologies for Digital India (MICTDI 2016), Chandigarh, India, 2016<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Gana U Kumar, Sanish V S  &#8220;Millimeter Wave Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Applications&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.323-327 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/323-327.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/323-327.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/millimeter-wave-circular-microstrip-patch-antenna-for-5g-applications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Millimeter Wave Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Applications <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9d656 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f9d656\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9d721 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9d721\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9d89f\" data-id=\"6f9d89f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9d9c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9d9c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9da6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9da6c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9dc92\" data-id=\"6f9dc92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9ddd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9ddd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>A Study on Spam Detection in Twitter Based on Machine Learning<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Nazia Nusrath Ul Ain, Meena Kumari K S &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 328-331<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9de7f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9de7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9dffc\" data-id=\"6f9dffc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9e137 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f9e137\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Spam has continued to grow at a disturbing rate despite on-going reduction efforts. This has been considerably more pervasive on micro blogging websites, given their increased popularity and ease of access. One of the most prominent micro blogging website is Twitter. Every second, on average, around 6,000 tweets are tweeted on Twitter, which corresponds to over 500 million tweets per day. Spammers leverage on this popularity of platform to trap users in malicious activities by posting spam tweets. There are tools to stop spammers, but these tools can only block malicious links, however they cannot protect the user in real-time as early as possible. Researchers have applied different approaches to detect spam. In this paper, we study the different approaches, some of them are only based on user-based features or tweet-based features or tweet-text feature. Using tweet text feature helps us to identify spam tweets even if the spammer creates a new account which was not possible only with the user and tweet based features. The existing system which used tweet text feature evaluated four different machine learning algorithms namely \u2013 Support Vector Machine, Neural Network, Random Forest and Gradient Boosting [1]. In our proposed system, using cross validation techniques, the best performance was obtained using Naive Bayes Model. With Na\u00efve Bayes Model, we are able to achieve accuracy surpassing the existing solution.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 328-331\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 09 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Nazia Nusrath Ul Ain<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDept. of Information Science &#038; Engineering, Brindavan College of Engineering<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Meena Kumari K S<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDept of Computer Science &#038; Engineering, Brindavan College of Engineering<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"> [1].\tH. Gupta, M. S. Jamal, S. Madisetty and M. S. Desarkar, &#8220;A framework for real-time spam detection in Twitter,&#8221; 2018 10th International Conference on Communication Systems &#038; Networks (COMSNETS), Bengaluru, 2018, pp. 380-383.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tA. Greig, \u201cTwitter Overtakes Facebook as the Most Popular Social Network  for  Teens, According  to  Study,   Daily Mail,   accessed   on Aug. 1, 2015 ,\u201d http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-2475591\/ Twitter-overtakes-Facebook-popular-socialnetwork-teens-according-study. html, 2015,[Online].<br \/>\r\n[3].\tC. Grier, K. Thomas, V. Paxson, and M. Zhang, \u201c@SPAM: The underground on 140 characters or less,\u201d in Proc. 17th ACM Conf. Comput. Commun. Sec., 2010, pp. 27\u201337.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tF. Benevenuto, G. Magno, T. Rodrigues, and V. Almeida, \u201cDetecting spammer on Twitter,\u201d presented at the 7th Annu. Collab.Electron. Messaging Anti-Abuse Spam Conf., Redmond, WA, USA, Jul. 2010.<br \/>\r\n[5].\t A. H. Wang, \u201cDon\u2019t follow me: Spam detection in Twitter,\u201d in Proc. Int. Conf. Sec. Cryptogr. (SECRYPT), 2010, pp. 1\u201310.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tG. Stringhini, C. Kruegel, and G. Vigna, \u201cDetecting spammers on social networks,\u201d in Proc. 26th Annu.Comput. Sec. Appl. Conf., 2010, pp. 1\u20139.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tK. Lee, J. Caverlee, and S. Webb, \u201cUncovering social spammers: social honeypots + machine learning,\u201d in Proc. 33rd Int. ACM SIGIR Conf. Res. Develop. Inf. Retrieval, 2010, pp. 435\u2013442.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tC.Yang,R.Harkreader,andG.Gu,\u201cEmpirical evaluation and new design for \ufb01ghting evolving Twitter spammers,\u201d IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Sec., vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 1280\u20131293, Aug. 2013.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tJ. Song, S. Lee, and J. Kim, \u201cSpam \ufb01ltering in Twitter using sender receiver relationship,\u201d in Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Recent Adv. Intrusion Detect., 2011, pp. 301\u2013317.<br \/>\r\n[10].\t K. Thomas, C.Grier, J. Ma, V. Paxson, and D. Song, \u201cDesign and evaluation of a real-time URL spam \ufb01ltering service,\u201d in Proc. IEEE Symp. Sec. Privacy, 2011, pp. 447\u2013462<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Nazia Nusrath Ul Ain, Meena Kumari K S  &#8220;A Study on Spam Detection in Twitter Based on Machine Learning&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.328-331 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/328-331.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/328-331.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/a-study-on-spam-detection-in-twitter-based-on-machine-learning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>A Study on Spam Detection in Twitter Based on Machine Learning <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9eec9 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6f9eec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9ef91 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9ef91\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f0fd\" data-id=\"6f9f0fd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f219 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9f219\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f2b3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9f2b3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f428\" data-id=\"6f9f428\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f538 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f9f538\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Amaranthus (Amaranthushybridus)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Adedeji J. A; Idowu-Agida, O.O.; Awogbade, A.L; Oni, O. O.; Oladejo L.F, and Oladosu, B.O. &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 332-337<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f5d2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f9f5d2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f743\" data-id=\"6f9f743\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9f880 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6f9f880\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i>Amaranthushybridus<\/i> is a vegetable with great nutritional value in human diet. Effects of different organic fertilizer rates was studied on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight, and proximate analysis were carried out using standard methods. The treatments consist of poultry manure (PM) at 100, 75, and 50%;cow dung used at 100, 75 and 50while control treatment contained no manure. The treatments were replicated 3 times and arranged in Completely Randomize Design (CRD). Data were collected on growth and yield parameters were analyzed with Analysis of variance and means were separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test. Results showed that different organic fertilizer rates had significant effect (p\u22640.05) on plant height, number of leaves, and leaf area with PM 100% had the tallest, more number of leaves and broadest leaf area (76.67cm, 12.33, and 1.572cm<sup>3<\/sup>), respectively, while the shortest height, least number of leaves, and leaf area were obtained in the control. PM 100% had a significantly (p\u22640.05) higher amount of crude protein, crude fat, ash, vitamin A, Vitamin B1, Calcium Ca, Potassium K, and Iron Fe, but control had the least. There was no significant effect(p\u22650.05) of different organic fertilizer rate on chlorophyll content among the treatments except with control. PM 50% had the highest fresh and dry matter weight of (165195.87 and 20226.2 kg\/ha), respectively, while PM 75% had the highest fresh and dry root weight of (99090.85 and 53651.9 kg\/ha). In conclusion, different organic manure and their rate of application had a significant effect (p\u22640.05) on growth, yield and chemical composition of <i>Amaranthushybridus<\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 332-337\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 10 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Adedeji J. A<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nFederal College of Agriculture, Moor Plantation Ibadan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Idowu-Agida, O.O.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nNational Horticultural Research Institute P.M.B.5432 Dugbe, Ibadan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Awogbade, A.L<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nFederal College of Agriculture, Moor Plantation Ibadan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Oni, O. O.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nFederal College of Agriculture, Moor Plantation Ibadan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Oladejo L.F<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nFederal College of Agriculture, Moor Plantation Ibadan<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Oladosu, B.O.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nNational Horticultural Research Institute P.M.B.5432 Dugbe, Ibadan<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAnjali, R. N. (2013). The health aspect of amaranth. Roc2n. P2H,53,2,141-147.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tArisha, A. M. E., Gad, A. A. and Younes, S. E. (2003). Response of some pepper cultivars to organic and mineral nitrogen fertilizer under sandy soil conditions. Zagazig Journal of Agricultural research, 30: 1875-1899.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tBreneer, S. H. (2000). A strategy to solve environmental concern by poultry production. World Poultry Science Journal,56:379-388.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tEwulo, B. S. (2005). Effect of poultry dung and cattle manure on chemical properties of clay and sandy clay loam soil. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 4(10).<br \/>\r\n[5].\tJohannes kotschi, (2015).Adverse impact of mineral fertilizer in tropical agriculture.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tKatherine, O. (2007). Organic food more nutritious than conventional foods.Organic consumers association, November 18, 2007.http:\/\/www.organic consumer.org\/articles\/article_8470.cfm.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tMakinde E.A., Ayeni, L. S. Ojeniyi, S. O. and Odedina, J. N. (2010). Effect of organic, organomineral and NPK fertilizer on nutritional quality of Amaranthus in Lagos, Nigeria. Science Publication Researchers,http:\/\/www.sciencepub.net\/researcher. ISSN:1553-9865.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tMakinde, E.A., L.S.Ayeni, S.O.Ojeniyi and J.N.Odedina (2010).Effect of organic, organomineral and NPK fertilizer on nutritional quality of amaranthus in Lagos, Nigeria Researcher, 2:91-96.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tMoyinjesu, E. L. (2008). Comparative evaluation of different organic fertilizer on the soil fertility, leaf minerals composition and growth performance of dikanut seedlings (IrvingiagabonnesisL.).Journal of food agriculture, 20(2):10-09.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tMuyonga, J.H. (2008). Effects to promote amaranth production and consumption in Uganda to fight malnutrition.International union of food science and technology Oakville, Canada.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tNIHORT (1987). Advance in fruit and Vegetable Researches at NIHORT (1976-1987). National Horticultural Research Training Institute.NIHORT Publication Press, Ibadan.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tOkoli,P.S.O.andI.A.Nweke(2015). Effect of different rates of poultry manure on growth and yield of amaranth cruentus.IOSR.Journal of agriculture and veterinary science 8:73-76<br \/>\r\n[13].\tOyedeji, S. (2014). Effect of NPK and poultry manure on growth, yield and proximate composition of three amaranths. Journal of botany.77:82.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tShukla S.I. (2006).mineral profile and variability in vegetable amaranth (Amaranthustriculus).Journal of Plant food Human Nutrition. 61:23-28.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tSrivastava, (2011).Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies andManagement7(4):379-388. <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Adedeji J. A; Idowu-Agida, O.O.; Awogbade, A.L; Oni, O. O.; Oladejo L.F, and Oladosu, B.O.  &#8220;Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Amaranthus (Amaranthushybridus)&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.332-337 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/332-337.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/332-337.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/effect-of-different-organic-fertilizers-on-yield-and-quality-of-amaranthus-amaranthushybridus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Amaranthus (Amaranthushybridus) <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa0798 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fa0798\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa08b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa08b6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa0a7a\" data-id=\"6fa0a7a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa0d43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa0d43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa0df4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa0df4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa0f74\" data-id=\"6fa0f74\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa108d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa108d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Marketing Mix, a Therapy for low Enrolment in Private Universities in Nigeria<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Stephen Olugbenga Afolabi, Timothy G. Oyewole, Samuel Adewale Oladiipo, Damian Brownson Uwachukwu &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 338-342<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa1128 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa1128\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa129d\" data-id=\"6fa129d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa13dc elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6fa13dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Enrolment of students has become a challenge to the ever increasing number of private universities in Nigeria. Hence, the focus of this study is to prove the suitability of marketing theory in determination of student\u2019s choice and improved enrolment into Private Universities in Nigeria. There are two major contrasting attitudes regarding introducing marketing into higher education although literature on marketing higher education is mainly based in Western contexts and cultures, nevertheless, it is ripe for developing economy like ours because of what it stands to gain. Reasons that make marketing an important aspect in reflecting positively on an institution and the community are highlighted. It also highlights the paucity of literature combining strategies of marketing higher education and student choice of university. However, because of the service nature of private universities they are recommended to integrate the use of a set of 11ps of marketing toward achieving their marketing goal in this particular order: price, plus, programme, people, place, physical facility, politics, processes, post sale service, packaging and promotion.<\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 338-342\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 10 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Stephen Olugbenga Afolabi<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Timothy G. Oyewole<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Accounting and Finance, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Samuel Adewale Oladiipo<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Damian Brownson Uwachukwu<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Business Administration, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAdetayo, J. O. (2012). Marketing Management. Yemthom Resourses Ventures, Nigeria<br \/>\r\n[2].\tAl-Fattal (2010). Understanding Student Choice of University and Marketing Strategies in Syrian Private Higher Education. Ph.D thesis of Leeds University<br \/>\r\n[3].\tAgasisti, T. &#038; Catalano, G. (2006). Governance models of university system \u2013towards quasi-markets? tendencies and perspectives: a European comparison, Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 28(3), 245-262.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tBartlett, T. &#038; Fischer, K., (2002) Higher Education in the Global Age: Policy, Practice, and Promise in Emerging Societies. London: Routledge, 2013.p.\t114\u201015. http:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=QN4kAgAAQBAJ&#038;printsec=frontcover&#038;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&#038;cad=0#v =onepage&#038;q&#038;f=false<br \/>\r\n[5].\tBrassington, F. (2006). Principles of Marketing (4th ed.). Harlow: FT Prentice Hall.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tBridges, D. &#038; Husbands, C. (1996). The Education Market Place and the Collaborative Response: An Introduction, in Bridges, D &#038; Husbands, C., Consorting and Collaborating in Education Market Place, London: Falmer.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tDrummond, G. (2004). Consumer confusion: reduction strategies in higher education, International Journal of Educational Management, 18(5), 317-323.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tEl-Khawas, E. (1999). The &#8216;new&#8217; competition: serving the learning society in an electronic age, Higher Education Management, 11(2), 7-17.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tFillip, A. (2012). Marketing theory applicability in higher education. Procedia \u2013social andbehavioral Sciences 46(2012) 912 -916<br \/>\r\n[10].\tFrumkin, L., Milankovic, M., &#038; Sadler, C. (2007). Postgraduate preferences: a study of factors contributing to programme satisfaction amongst masters students, New Horizons in Education, 55(2), 37-54.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tGibbs, P. &#038; Knapp, M. (2002) Marketing Higher and Further Education : an Educator&#8217;s Guide to Promoting Courses, Departments and Institutions. London: Kogan<br \/>\r\n[12].\tHesketh, A. &#038; Knight, P. (1999). Postgraduates&#8217; choice of programme: helping universities to market and postgraduates to choose, Studies in Higher Education, 24(2), 151-163. Journal http:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/definition\/marketing-mix<br \/>\r\n[13].\tHolbrook, M. (2005). Marketing education as bad medicine for society: the gorilla dances, Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 24(1), 134-145.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tIvy, J. &#038; Naude, P. (2004). Succeeding in the MBA marketplace: identifying the underlying factors, Journal of Higher Education Policy &#038; Management, 26(3), 401-417<br \/>\r\n[15].\tKotler, P., &#038; Fox, K. (1995). Strategic Marketing for Educational Institutions (2nd Ed.), Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.<br \/>\r\n[16].\tNewman M. (2004). Problem Based Learning: An exploration of the method and evaluation of its effectiveness in a continuing nursing education programme. School of Lifelong  Learning &#038; Education, Middlesex University,Trent Park, Bramley RdLondon. N14 4YZ<br \/>\r\n[17].\tPalmer, A. (2001). Principles of Services Marketing (3 rd Ed.), London: McGraw-Hill.<br \/>\r\n[18].\tPierre, J. (1995). The marketisation of the state: citizens, consumers, and the emergence of thepublic market, in G., Peters &#038; D., Savoie (Eds.), Governance in a Changing Environment, Montreal: McGill-Queen&#8217;s University Press.<br \/>\r\n[19].\tPugsley, L. (2004) The University Challenge: Higher Education Markets and Social Stratification, Aldershot: Ashgate.<br \/>\r\n[20].\tSharrock (2010). Why Students are not (Just) Customers (and other reflections on Life After George ), Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 22:2, 149-164, DOI: 10.1080\/713678141 http:\/\/www.freeonlineresearchpapers.com<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Stephen Olugbenga Afolabi, Timothy G. Oyewole, Samuel Adewale Oladiipo, Damian Brownson Uwachukwu  &#8220;Marketing Mix, a Therapy for low Enrolment in Private Universities in Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.338-342 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/338-342.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/338-342.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/marketing-mix-a-therapy-for-low-enrolment-in-private-universities-in-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Marketing Mix, a Therapy for low Enrolment in Private Universities in Nigeria <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa2182 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fa2182\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa2251 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa2251\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa23c6\" data-id=\"6fa23c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa24ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa24ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa2589 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa2589\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa26f2\" data-id=\"6fa26f2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa2809 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa2809\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>A Study of W<sub>6<\/sub>-Curvature Tensor in Sasakian Manifold<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Wilson Kamami Wanjiru &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 343-346<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa28a9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa28a9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa2a11\" data-id=\"6fa2a11\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa2b3f elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6fa2b3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Pokhariyal have introduced W<sub>6<\/sub> curvature tensors to study their properties. In this paper properties of W<sub>6<\/sub>-curvature tensor are studied in Sasakian manifold. The following geometric properties are being studied; flatness, semi-symmetric, symmetric and recurrence on Sasakian manifold. The result show that W6-semi symmetry and symmetric are W<sub>6<\/sub>-flat manifold while W<sub>6<\/sub>-recurrent manifold (under some condition) is symmetric and semi symmetric manifold.<\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 343-346\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 11 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Wilson Kamami Wanjiru<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nSchool of Mathematics, Jomo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology, Nairobi- Kenya.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tSASAKI, S.,On differential manifolds with certain structures which are closely related to almost contact structure I,Tohoku Math J.12,(1960),456-476<br \/>\r\n[2].\tYANO, K.,Differential Geometry on complex space,Pergamon Press,(1964),181-197<br \/>\r\n[3].\tPOKHARIYAL, G.P AND MISHRA, R.S.,Curvature tensors and their realistic significance,Yokohana Math J.18 ,(1970),105-108<br \/>\r\n[4].\tPOKHARIYAL, G.P,Curvature tensors and their realistic significance(II),Yokohana Math J.19 no.2,(1971),97-103<br \/>\r\n[5].\tMISHRA, R.S.,Almost complex and almost contact submanifold,N.S.25 ,(1972),419-433<br \/>\r\n[6].\tPOKHARIYAL, G.P,Curvature tensors and their realistic significance(III),Yokohana Math J.21 no.2,(1973),115-119<br \/>\r\n[7].\tPOKHARIYAL, G.P,Study of new curvature tensor in Sasakian manifold tensor,N.S36,(1982),222-226<br \/>\r\n[8].\tPOKHARIYAL, G.P,Relative Significance of curvature tensors,Math&#038; Math Sci.05 no 1,(1982),133-139<br \/>\r\n[9].\tPOKHARIYAL, G.P,On Symmetric Sasakianmanifold,Kenya J. Sci. ser. A 9(1-2),(1988),39-42<br \/>\r\n[10].\tMATSUMOTO,K. AND MIHAI, I.,On certain transformation in a Lorentzian Para sasakian manifold,Tensor,N.S.47(1988),189-197<br \/>\r\n[11].\tYAMATA, M.,On an n-Einstein Sasakian manifold satisfyimg the certain conditions.Tensor,N.S 49,(1990),305-309<br \/>\r\n[12].\tPOKHARIYAL, G.P,Curvature tensors in Lorentzian Para Sasakianmanifold,Journal of South Africa,19(1996)<br \/>\r\n[13].\tNJORI, P.W. AND MOINDI, S.K. AND POKHARIYAL, G.P.,A study of W8-Curvature tensor in Sasakianmanifold,PJMMS 20(2017),1-11<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Wilson Kamami Wanjiru  &#8220;A Study of W<sub>6<\/sub>-Curvature Tensor in Sasakian Manifold&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.343-346 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/343-346.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/343-346.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/a-study-of-w6-curvature-tensor-in-sasakian-manifold\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>A Study of W<sub>6<\/sub>-Curvature Tensor in Sasakian Manifold <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa38ae elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fa38ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa3979 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa3979\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa3aed\" data-id=\"6fa3aed\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa3c10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa3c10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa3cb1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa3cb1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa3e21\" data-id=\"6fa3e21\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa3f39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa3f39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Reliability of Three Goniometric Measurement Technique of Active Wrist Flexion and Extension<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Mansoor.P.P BPT; M. Saravana Hari Ganesh MPT &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 347-351<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa3fe7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa3fe7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa4167\" data-id=\"6fa4167\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa42a7 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6fa42a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Introduction: The potential difference in wrist goniometric result may have significant clinical indication, particularly in determining functional active range of motion after stabilizing procedures such as partial wrist fusions, total wrist arthroplasties and ligament reconstructive procedures ate the wrist. So this study tries to examine which of these three active ranges of motion wrist flexion and extension goniometric techniques (ulnar alignment, radial alignment and volar\/dorsal alignment) has the greatest intratester and intertester reliability.<br \/>\r\nMethodology: The study is a non experimental observational study with sample size of 80 subjects convenient sampling is done for subject selection. Total study duration is 3 weeks. The study done at SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur   Subjects with Age 18-30 Years of both male and female were included in the study. All the 80subjects underwent intratester and intertester for active goniometer measurement for wrist flexion and extension by ulnar, radial and volar\/dorsal alignment techniques. The researcher was considered to be first tester and the other therapist who takes second goniometric measurements was considered to be second tester.<br \/>\r\nResult: Radial and volar extension techniques has p value 0.807 (p>0.05) and 0.325 (p>0.05) respectively and ulnar flexion, ulnar extension, radial extension and dorsal flexion has p value 0.008 and 0.003 and 0.000 and 0.001 respectively.<br \/>\r\nConclusion: This study concludes that radial flexion and volar extension techniques of wrist goniometric measurements had less intertester reliability than ulnar flexion, ulnar extension, radial extension and dorsal flexion techniques.  Dorsal flexion technique has less intratester reliability than ulnar flexion, ulnar extension, radial flexion, radial extension and volar extension techniques of  wrist goniometric measurements.<br \/>\r\n<\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 347-351\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 11 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Mansoor.P.P BPT<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nPhysiotherapist, MB Hospital, Malappuram, Varangode, Kerala, India<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>M. Saravana Hari Ganesh MPT<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssociate Professor, SRM College of  Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattakulathur, Kancheepuram, TamilNadu, India<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Patrizia Milani, MD, Cario Alberto Coccetta, et al,  \u201cMobile Smartphone  Applications for Body Position Measurement in Rehabilitation: A Review of Goniometric Tools\u201d, The American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2014.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tBen Bugden B.AppSc, \u201c A proposed method of goniometric measurement of the dart-throwers motion\u201d, Journal of Hand Therapy, 2013.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tM.  Popoff, A Schnitzler et al, \u201cReliability and validity of goniometric  measurement of ankle dorsiflexion in hemiparetic patients\u201d, Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2013.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tSung-min Ha , Oh \u2013 yun Kwon et el, \u201cReliability and validity of goniometric and photographic measurements of clavicular tilt angle\u201d, Manual Therapy, 2013.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tJoy C. MaeDermid, PhD, MsePT , Bert M. Chesworth, MCISe, BSePT et al, \u201c Intratester and Intertester Reliability of Goniometric Measurement of Passive Lateral Shoulder Rotation\u201d, Journal of hand therapy, 1999.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tM.R.  Carmont, K. Gra vareSilbernagel et al, \u201cReliability of Achilles Tendon Resting Angle and Calf Circumference measurement techniques\u201d, Foot and Ankle Surgery, 2013.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tGuiottol, Z. Sawacha et al, \u201cComparison between multiple calibration and direct skin markers in multi segment foot 3D kinematics\u201d, Gait &#038; Posture, 2011.<br \/>\r\n[8].\tBen Sideway, Tracey Euloth et al, \u201cComparing the reliability of a trigonometric technique to goniometry amd inclinometry in measuring ankle dorsiflexion\u201d , Gait and Postrue, 2012.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tDjamel Bensmail , Anna-Sophia et al, \u201cSensorimotor processing in the grip- lift task: The impact of maximum wrist flexion\/extension on force scaling\u201d, Clinical Neurophysiology , 2009.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tBerry Cleffken ,MD,Gerard van Breukelen, PhD et al, \u201cTest-retest reproducibility of elbow goniometric measurements in a rigid double-blinded protocol: Intervals for distinguishing between measurement error and clinical change\u201d, Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 2007.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tZong-Ming Li , Laurel Kuxhauset at, \u201cCoupling between wrist flexion and extension and radial and ulnar deviation\u201d, Journal of clinical biomechanics, 2004.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tRaymond W. McGorry, Chien-Chi Chang et al, \u201cA technique for estimation of wrist angular displacement in radial\/ulnar deviation and flexion\/extension\u201d. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2004.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tTimothy M.Mullen, MS, OTR, \u201cStatic progressive splint to increase wrist extension or flexion\u201d, Hand and Upper Extremity Rehabilitaion, 2000.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tM.S. Hallbeck , \u201cFlexion and extension forces generated by wrist-dedicated muscles over the range of motion\u201d, Applied Ergonomics, 1994.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tPaul C LaStayo, Donna L Wheeler et al, \u201cReliability of Passive Wrist Flexion and Extension Goniometric Measurements :  A Multicenter Study\u201d, Journal of Physical Therapy, 1994.  <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Mansoor.P.P BPT; M. Saravana Hari Ganesh MPT  &#8220;Reliability of Three Goniometric Measurement Technique of Active Wrist Flexion and Extension&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.347-351 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/347-351.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/347-351.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/reliability-of-three-goniometric-measurement-technique-of-active-wrist-flexion-and-extension\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Reliability of Three Goniometric Measurement Technique of Active Wrist Flexion and Extension <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa4ff3 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fa4ff3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa50b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa50b8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa5223\" data-id=\"6fa5223\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa5339 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa5339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa53d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa53d3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa552e\" data-id=\"6fa552e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa56a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa56a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Haematology and Serum Biochemical Characteristics of California White Rabbits Fed Varying Levels of Dietary Protein<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Unung H.U, Oyedapo F.A, Yakubu, D. P, Asiruwa P. O and Oshibanjo D.O &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 352-355<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa57fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa57fe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa59c3\" data-id=\"6fa59c3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa5afe elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6fa5afe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">A ninety-day feeding trial involving thirty (30) California white breed weaner rabbits was conducted to assess the haematology and serum biochemical profile of the rabbits fed varying levels of dietary protein (DP).  The ages of rabbits ranged from 6-8 weeks with an average initial body weight of 1kg\u00b14. Rabbits were randomly assigned to three dietary protein (DP) treatments; 13%, 18% and 14% (control diet) in a completely randomized design.  The rabbits   were served experimental diets daily while clean drinking water was provided ad-libitum. Standard management practices were strictly adhered to. Blood samples were collected forthnightly through ear vein of the individual rabbits (2mls each) for haematology and serum biochemical assay. Results from haematology and serum biochemical profile indicates that red blood cell and pack cell volume differed significantly (p<0.05) between treatment groups of 13% DP and 18% DP compared to the control group. The results therefore, suggest that protein level in the diet of rabbits at 18% supports high synthesis of both red blood cell and pack cell volume. Similarly, increase in total protein level noticed with rabbits fed 18% dietary protein, confirms the availability of protein in the diet. The cholesterol level of rabbits fed 13% dietary protein as significantly (p<0.05) higher than  those on 18%, DP.  In conclusion, diets formulated at 13% and18% crude protein levels had no effect on the assessed haematological and serum biochemical parameters, and obtained values were within normal documented ranges, that supports the normal physiological status of  California white rabbits or its crosses.<br \/>\r\n<\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 352-355\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 11 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Unung H.U<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Oyedapo F.A<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Yakubu, D. P<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Asiruwa P. O <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Oshibanjo D.O<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tBitto, I. I. &#038;Gemade, M. (2001). Preliminary investigation on the effect of pawpaw meal on growth, visceral organ, endocrine gland weights, testicular morphometry and the haematology of male rabbits. Global journal of pure and applied science, 7(4):621-625.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tDaniel, I. (2002).International Networks: http\/\/www.widernet.org\/josproject\/jos plateau.htm.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tEsonu, B.O., Emenalom, O.O., Udedibie, A.B.I., Herbert, U., Ekpor, C.F., Okoli,  I.C.&#038;Iheukwumere, F.C. (2001). Performance and blood chemistry of weaner pigs fed raw mucuna (velvet bean). Tropical Animal Production Investigations. 4:49-54.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tHilliyer E.V. (1994). Rabbits. Small Animal Practice 24:25-65.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tJenkins, J.R. (1993). Rabbits. In: Jenkins, J.R. and Browns, S.A. (Ed) Practitioner\u2019s guide to rabbit and ferrets. American Animal Hospital Association, Lake Wood, U.S.A. Pp 1-4.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tJurcik, R., Suvegova, K., Hanusova, E., Massanyi, P., Ryban, L. &#038;Chrenek, p. (2007). Evaluation of haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters of transgenic rabbits. Journal of Applied Veterinary Medicine. 54:527- 531.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tMedi rabbit (2007). www.medirabet.com\/en\/hamatology\/bloodchemistry.htm<br \/>\r\n[8].\tNuhu, F. (2010). Effect of Moringa Leaf Meal (MOLM) on nutrient digestibility, growth, carcass and blood indices of weaner rabbit. M.sc Thesis. Department of Animal Science. Kwame Nkuruma University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.<br \/>\r\n[9].\tObinne, J.I. &#038;Mmereole, F.U.C. (2010).  Effect of different dietary crude Protein and energy levels on production performance, carcass characteristics and organ weights of rabbits raised under humid Environment of Nigeria. Agricultural Journal of Africa. Vol. 43(4) 2010.<br \/>\r\n[10].\tOjebiyi, O.O., G.O Farinu, V.A. Togun, J.A. Akinlade, O.A. Aderininola&#038; T.A. Rafiu, (2006).  Effect of quantitative concentrate reduction on the growth of weaned rabbits. Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria. Pp: 121-125.<br \/>\r\n[11].\tSPSS Program (2015).  Statitical package for social science. SPSS for windows, computer program. Version 21, copyright SPSS inc. USA.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tSteel, R.G &#038;Torrie, J.H. (1980).  Principle and Procedures of Statistics. A Biometric Approach. 2nd Edition. MC Grow-Hill BOOK G. New York.<br \/>\r\n[13].\tUSDA. United State Department of Agriculture (1973). The ABCs of domestic farm raised rabbit meat. Circular No. 549, Washington D.C. Pp 44-49.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tVrecko, K., Mlekusch, W. &#038;Aloia, R.C. (1988). Effect of skim milk and whey diets on plasma lipid levels of rabbits in crossover study. Atherosclerosis 72: 11-17.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Unung H.U, Oyedapo F.A, Yakubu, D. P, Asiruwa P. O and Oshibanjo D.O  &#8220;Haematology and Serum Biochemical Characteristics of California White Rabbits Fed Varying Levels of Dietary Protein&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.352-355 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/352-355.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/352-355.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/haematology-and-serum-biochemical-characteristics-of-california-white-rabbits-fed-varying-levels-of-dietary-protein\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Haematology and Serum Biochemical Characteristics of California White Rabbits Fed Varying Levels of Dietary Protein <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa699e elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fa699e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa6a6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa6a6d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa6c32\" data-id=\"6fa6c32\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa6d5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa6d5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa6e01 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa6e01\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa6f7d\" data-id=\"6fa6f7d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa708b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa708b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>An Investigation of the Impacts of Forest Water Resources Exploitation on the Livelihood of Rural Households and their Intensity of Utilization in Benue State, Nigeria<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Unongo, E. A., Jande, J.A. and Iorhemba, S.T. &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 356-360<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa712d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa712d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa729b\" data-id=\"6fa729b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa73bc elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6fa73bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The study was conducted to assess the forest water sources utilized and the intensity of utilization by the rural households in Benue State, Nigeria. The study was achieved through the use of well-structured interview schedule purposively administered to 300 eligible respondents in the study area. The study revealed that streams (68.0%) and rivers (66.7) were identified as the major sources of forest water resources very highly utilized (56.0%) for human use and crops irrigation (50.0%) during the dry season by the rural households. The study concluded that the identified water sources streams and rivers played a major role in improving the livelihood of the rural households in the study area. It was recommended that government should build irrigation dams in the study area for dry season farming to improve farm production; more efforts should intensified by government, private organization and individuals to drill bore holes and wells in the study area for human consumption and other domestic purposes, the forests should be protected against unsustainable exploitation by members of the community and outsiders through the setting up of community forest guards, this will help preserve the water sources.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 356-360\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 13 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Unongo, E. A.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Jande, J.A.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Social and Environmental Forestry, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Iorhemba, S.T.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Management, Akperan Orshi College of Agriculture Yandev Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tAmulya, K. H. (2011). Over exploitation of forest resources its impact on the environment. International Referred Research Journal. 3 (26): 50-51.<br \/>\r\n[2].\tAtongo, D. (2013). Assessment of the Socio-economic Impact of Off-farm Income Activities as a Livelihood Strategy among Farm Households in Katsina- Ala Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. B. Agriculture project presented to the Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria: 79.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tMadsen, J. (2011). The role of applied ethno-botany in development projects. In: Boussim, I. J. A. M Lykke, I. Nombre, I. Nielsen &#038; S. Guinko (eds.): Hommes, Plants Allenvironment all Sahel Occidental. Actes de L\u2019atelier de fada N\u2019 Gourma, Bourkina Faso. 6-9th December. SEREIN occasional Paper, 19: 329-333.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tRichard, A. G., Zacharia J. L., Celestine, M., Canisius, K &#038; Patrick, M. (2010). Non-timber forest products and their contributions to poverty alleviation and forest conservation in Mbulu and Babati Districts \u2013 Tanzania.Human Ecology. 31(2): 73-78.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Unongo, E. A., Jande, J.A. and Iorhemba, S.T.  &#8220;An Investigation of the Impacts of Forest Water Resources Exploitation on the Livelihood of Rural Households and their Intensity of Utilization in Benue State, Nigeria&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.356-360 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/356-360.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/356-360.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/an-investigation-of-the-impacts-of-forest-water-resources-exploitation-on-the-livelihood-of-rural-households-and-their-intensity-of-utilization-in-benue-state-nigeria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>An Investigation of the Impacts of Forest Water Resources Exploitation on the Livelihood of Rural Households and their Intensity of Utilization in Benue State, Nigeria <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa8111 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fa8111\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa81e6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa81e6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa834e\" data-id=\"6fa834e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa846d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa846d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa850e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa850e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa8673\" data-id=\"6fa8673\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa8782 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa8782\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Cattle Theft Prevention<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Priyanka R &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 361-363<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa881b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa881b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa8991\" data-id=\"6fa8991\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa8ab2 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6fa8ab2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Cattle theft is a major problem in agriculture sector in several countries nowadays. This scourge causes vital losses to farmers and governments. Confronted with this downside farmers have typically no solutions. Although there have been several techniques to identify cattle and combat stock theft, the scourge has not been eradicated in the farming sector. This paper investigates how we can model cow behavior using global positioning (GPS) wireless nodes to get the expected position of a cow. Internet of Things (IoT) is a true solution to defeat this nuisance by permitting thievery detection.<br \/>\r\n<\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 361-363\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 13 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Priyanka R<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nAssistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, BGSIT, Visvesvaraya Technological University, BG Nagar, Karnataka, India <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1]\tSven S., Gregor B., Massimo P., Enrico R., John H., Matthias W. and Albrecht S., (2016) Mobile Interaction with the Internet of Things, Embedded Interaction Research Group, Media Informatics Group, University of Munich.<br \/>\r\n[2]\tMichael Rohs, Beat Gfeller. Using Camera-Equipped Mobile Phones for Interacting with Real-World Objects. In: Alois Ferscha, Horst Hoertner, Gabriele Kotsis (Eds.): Advances in Pervasive Computing, Austrian Computer Society (OCG), ISBN 3-85403-176-9, pp. 265271, Vienna, Austria, April 2004.<br \/>\r\n[3]\tRukzio, E., Wetzstein, S., Schmidt, A.: A Framework for Mobile Interactions with the Physical World.  Invited  paper special session &#8220;Simplification of user access to ubiquitous ICT services&#8221; at the Wireless Personal Multimedia Communication (WPMC&#8217;05) conference, Sept 18-22, 205 &#8211; Aalborg, Denmark.<br \/>\r\n[4]\tErik Aguirre, Peio Lopez-Iturri, Leyre Azpilicueta, Jos\u00b4e Javier Astrain, Jesu\u00b4s Villadangos, Daniel Santesteban, and Francisco Falcone. 2016. Implementation and Analysis of a Wireless Sensor Network-Based Pet Location Monitoring System for Domestic Scenarios..<br \/>\r\n[5]\tR. N. Handcock, D. L. Swain, G. J. Bishop-Hurley, K. P. Patison, T. Wark, P. Valencia, P. Corke and C. J. O\u2019Neill, &#8220;Monitoring Animal Behaviour and Environmental Interactions Using Wireless Sensor Networks, GPS Collars and Satellite Remote Sensing,&#8221; Sensors, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 3586&#8211;3603, 2009.<br \/>\r\n[6]\tG. Cheserek, P. Omondi and V. Odenyo, &#8220;Nature and Causes of Cattle Rustling among some Pastoral Communities in Kenya,&#8221; Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, vol. 3, pp. 173-179, 2012.<br \/>\r\n[7]\tA. Mittal, C. K. P, S. Jayaraman, B. G. Jagyasi, A. Pande and B. P, &#8220;mKRISHI Wireless Sensor Network Platform for Precision Agriculture,&#8221; IEEE Sensing Technology (ICST), vol. Sixth International Conference,pp. 623 &#8211; 629, 2012.<br \/>\r\n[8]\tH. D. K. Moonesignhe and P.-N. Tan, &#8220;Outlier Detection Using Random Walks,&#8221; IEEE ICTAIInternational Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, vol. Proceedings of the18th IEEE, pp. 532-539, 2006.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Priyanka R  &#8220;Cattle Theft Prevention&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.361-363 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/361-363.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/361-363.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/cattle-theft-prevention\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Cattle Theft Prevention <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa98ec elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fa98ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa99ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa99ba\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa9b19\" data-id=\"6fa9b19\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa9c3a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa9c3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fa9cd4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fa9cd4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fa9e4c\" data-id=\"6fa9e4c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa9f5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fa9f5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Sub-Acute Toxicity Study of Ethanol Leaf Extract of <i>Ocimum Canum<\/i> on Liver of Wister Rats<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Joseph O.S., Builders M., Joseph O, T., Zubairu S. A., Musa T., Oyepata P. J &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 364-369<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6faa003 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6faa003\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6faa17d\" data-id=\"6faa17d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6faa2a9 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6faa2a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">Background\/Aim: The liver plays an extremely important role in the body. It ensures the removal of toxins and has numerous other functions, including: Fat metabolism,  carbohydrate metabolism and protein metabolism. The function and integrity of this organ is regularly challenged by endogenous and environmental substances. <i>Ocimum Canum<\/i> is a plant regularly consumed in many part of Sub-Sahara Africa in management of various conditions such as infection, pain and diarrhea. The aim of this study is to determine the sub &#8211; acute effect of <i>Ocimum Canum<\/i> on the liver of Wister rats.<br \/>\r\nMethod: Animals of either sex were selected. Group 1 received distilled water (10 ml\/kg), while group 2, 3 and 4 received <i>Ocimum Canum<\/i> 100, 200 and 400 mg\/kg respectively. Animals were kept in standard cages and given access to the extract, water and food orally for 28 days, after which they were weighed and sacrificed.  Blood was collected by cardiac puncture and taken immediately for hematological and chemo pathological analysis. The histological hepatotoxic potential of the plant was studied using haematotoxylin and eosin (H&#038;E) staining technique.<br \/>\r\nResult: There was significant (P<0.05) decrease in RBC, HGB, MCV, while there was no change in the level of neutrophiles, basophiles, eosinophiles and platelets. The extract did not produce any significant change (P<0.05) in the level of ALB, AST and ALT when compared to the control. At 100 mg\/kg dose level, <i>Ocimum Canum<\/i> produced a decrease in BILD concentration in the treated rats while at 200 mg\/kg dose level it caused slight increase in the levels of ALP, BILD AND BILT concentration. Histopathological observation also agrees with other parameters.<br \/>\r\nConclusion: the result of the study suggests that the plant may be safe for consumption  as it is been used by the locals to achieve it intended purpose.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 364-369\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 13 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Joseph O.S.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bingham University, Nasarawa, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Builders M.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bingham University, Nasarawa, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Joseph O, T.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcort, Rivers State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Zubairu S. A. <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Musa T.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gombe State University, Gombe State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Oyepata P. J<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcort, Rivers State, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tCunny H, Hodgson E. Toxicity testing. In: Hodgson E, (1993). A test book on modern toxicology. 3rd edition. A John Wiley &#038; Sons. Inc. Publication. 353-384<br \/>\r\n[2].\tManokaran S, Jaswanth A, Sengottuvelu S, Nandhakumar J, Duraisamy R, Karthikeyan D, Mallegaswari R. (2003). Hepatoprotective activity of Aerva lanata Linn against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Res J Pharm Technol. 2008;1:398\u2013400.<br \/>\r\n[3].\tHerrine, S. K. (2001). Effects of Drugs on the Liver.<br \/>\r\n[4].\tMedlinePlus. (2014). Drug-induced hepatitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia.<br \/>\r\n[5].\tGeorge, A.S., Orchard, A.E. &#038; Hewson, H.J. (eds.) (1993). Oceanic islands 2. Flora of Australia 50: 1-606. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.<br \/>\r\n[6].\tHokche, O., Berry, P.E. &#038; Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Cat\u00e1logo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Bot\u00e1nico de Venezuela.<br \/>\r\n[7].\tFigueiredo, E. &#038; Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria<br \/>\r\n[8].\tShukla RP, Singh RK, Dwivedi RS. Toxicity of essential oils against Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn fungus causing sheath blight (ShB) in rice. International Rice Research Newsletter 1990; 15: 27<br \/>\r\n[9].\tDubey RC. Fungicidal effect of essential oils of three higher plants on sclerotia of Macrophomia phaseolina. Indian Phytopathology 1991; 44: 241\u2013244<br \/>\r\n[10].\tWeaver DK, Dunkel FV, Ntezurubanza L, Jackson LL, Stock DT. The effciency of linalool, a major component of freshly milled Ocimum canum Sims (Lamiaceae), for protection against post-harvest damage by certain stored product Coleoptera. Journal of Stored Products Research 1991; 27: 213\u2013220 .<br \/>\r\n[11].\tGrayer Renee J, Geoffrey C, Kite NC, Veitch MR, Eckert PD, Marin PS, Alan JP. Leaf \ufb02avonoid glycosides as chemosystematic characters in Ocimum. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 2002; 30: 327\u2013342.<br \/>\r\n[12].\tNgassoum MB, Ousmaila H, Ngamo LT, Maponmetsem PM, Jirovetz L, Buchbauer G. Aroma compounds of essential oils of two varieties of the spice plant Ocimum canum Sims. from northern. Cameroon J Food Comp Anal 2004; 17: 197\u2013204<br \/>\r\n[13].\tBassole IHN, Guelbeogo WM, Nebie R, Costantini C, Sagnon NF, Kabore ZI, Traore SA. Ovicidal and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes of essential oils extracted from three spontaneous plants of Burkina Faso. Parasitology 2003; 45: 23\u201326.<br \/>\r\n[14].\tNkosi CZ, Opoku AR, Terblanche SE. Effect of pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo) protein isolate on the activity levels of certain plasma enzymes in CCl4-induced liver injury in low protein fed rats.Phytother Res. 2005;19:341\u2013345.<br \/>\r\n[15].\tMuriel P, Garcipiana T. Silymarin protects against paracetamol-induced lipid peroxidation and liver damage. J ApplToxicol. 1992;12:439\u2013442<br \/>\r\n[16].\tOkokon JE, Davies K. Psychopharmacological studies of Homalium letestui stem extract. J Pharmaceut Biol. 2014;4:158\u2013164.<br \/>\r\n[17].\t20. Sunmonu TO, Oloyede OB. Performance and haematological indices in rats exposed to monocrotophos contamination. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2010;29(10):845\u2013850.<br \/>\r\n[18].\t22. McLellan SA, McLellan DBL, Walsh TS. Anaemia and red blood cell transfusion in the critically ill patient. Blood Rev. 2003;17:195\u2013208.<br \/>\r\n[19].\t23. Chernecky Cynthia C, Berger Barbara J. Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures. 3rd Ed. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders Company; 2001.<br \/>\r\n[20].\tOyepata Simeon Joseph1, Jude e Okokon, Opeyemi tosin Joseph (2018). Hepatoprotective activity of extract of Homalium Letestui stem against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. Advanced Herbal Medicine. 3(4): 1-11.<br \/>\r\n[21].\tJude Efiom Okokon, Joseph Oyepata Simeon, and Emem Ekpo Umoh. (2017). Hepatoprotective activity of the extract of Homalium letestui stem against paracetamol-induced liver injury. Avicenna J Phytomed.7(1): 27\u201336 <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Joseph O.S., Builders M., Joseph O, T., Zubairu S. A., Musa T., Oyepata P. J  &#8220;Sub-Acute Toxicity Study of Ethanol Leaf Extract of <i>Ocimum Canum<\/i> on Liver of Wister Rats&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.364-369 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/364-369.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/364-369.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/sub-acute-toxicity-study-of-ethanol-leaf-extract-of-ocimum-canum-on-liver-of-wister-rats\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Sub-Acute Toxicity Study of Ethanol Leaf Extract of <i>Ocimum Canum<\/i> on Liver of Wister Rats <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fab091 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fab091\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fab159 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fab159\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fab2d1\" data-id=\"6fab2d1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fab3f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fab3f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Physicochemical Characterisation of Crude Oil and Its Correlation with bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Earthworm (<i>Libyodrilusviolaceus<\/i>)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Erifeta G.O., Njoya H.K, Josiah S.J, Nwangwu S.C., Osagiede P.E., Akpoka A.O., Omoruyi I.M. and Eriyamremu G.E. &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 370-375<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fab497 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fab497\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fab634\" data-id=\"6fab634\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fab78d elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6fab78d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">The country\u2019s total dependence on the proceeds from crude oil to drive its economy since the Commercial exploration of crude oil started in Nigeria in 1958 has led to serious diverse environmental concerns. The environment has grossly suffered from the adverse overload meted upon it by pollution through continuous oil spillages.  Earthworms are worthy sentinel for ecotoxicological studies and their toxicity studies have been proven to be scientifically significant. Two hundred and forty earthworms were assigned to four major groups. The first group served as the control group, the other test groups were either exposed to water soluble fraction (WSF) or water insoluble fraction (WIF) or the whole crude (WC). The alimentary canal regions of the earthworms were excised and collected for physicochemical analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.  Total dissolved solid (TDS), Total suspended solid (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen demand (COD), Electric conductivity (EC), Trace elements (TC),Anion content, pH, Degree of Salinity, Total Hydrocarbon content (THC) were all assessed using standard methods. Fe, Mn, Cr, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb Ni and V were determined in the alimentary canal of earthworms exposed to sublethal concentrations of the toxicant. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals presented a dose dependent increase in all the test groups. This short-term study established that bioaccumulation of heavy metals in earthworm is related to the degree of pollution of the soil and can possibly lead to soil decontamination. Results from the bioaccumulation study gives credence to earlier findings that earthworms are good biomarkers for ecotoxicological studies and possess the ability to function as good soil bioremediators.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 370-375\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 18 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Erifeta G.O.<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Njoya H.K<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Josiah S.J<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Nwangwu S.C.<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Osagiede P.E.<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Akpoka A.O.<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biological Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, Nigeria.\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Omoruyi I.M.<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Microbiology, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Nigeria\r\n\r\n<span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong> Eriyamremu G.E.<\/strong><\/span>\r\nDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Benin City, Nigeria.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tBienen S.H., 1988 Nigeria: From windfall gains to welfare losses? In: Oil windfalls, Blessings or Curses; Allan Gelb and Associate, published for the World Bank. Oxford University Press. Pp. 227-261.\r\n[2].\tOkoh A.I., 2003. Biodegradation of Bonny light crude oil in soil microcosm by some bacterial strains isolated from crude oil flow stations saver pits in Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology:2 (5): 104-108.\r\n[3].\t.Ogbonna G.N. and Ebimobowei A., (2012). Impact of Petroleum Revenue and the Economy of Nigeria. Current Research Journal of Economic Theory4(2): 11-17.\r\n[4].\tIUCN 1992. Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Report for UNEP: Identification, Establishment and Management of Specially Protected Areas in the WACAF Region. Gland: Switzerland. Pg 420-422. \r\n[5].\tKuruk, P.(2004). Customary Water Laws and Practices:Nigeria.http:\/www.fao.org\/legal\/advserv\/FOA\/UCNCS.Nigeria.pdf\r\n[6].\tOdularu,G. O., (2008): Crude Oil and Nigeria Economy, Nigeria, http:\/\/www.ogbus.ru\/eng\/\r\n[7].\tAlbers H.P., 1995 Petroleum and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.      In: Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Hoffman, D.J.,  Rattner, B.A., Burton, C.A., Cairns, J (eds.), Boca Raton, Lewis Publishers, 330-355\r\n[8].\tEriyamremu  E. G. et al, 2007. Alterations in glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidation of tadpoles (Xenopuslaevis) exposed to Bonny Light crude oil and its fractions. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 71(1): 284-290. \r\n[9].\tUNEP, (2011). Environmental assessment of Ogoniland, 1\u2013262. United National Environmental Programme (UNEP): Nairobi].\r\n[10].\tNwilo CP, Badejo TO (2005a). Impacts and management of oil spill pollution along the Nigerian Coastal areas. Department of Survey &#038;Geoinformatics, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria;.  Available:www.fig.net\/pub.figpub36\/chapte rs\/chapter_8.pdf\r\n[11].\tAdams, S.M. (2002); Biological indicators of aquatic ecosystem stress. American Fisheries \tSociety, Bethesda, Maryland, USA\r\n[12].\tMaria G.L., Anthonio C. and Trifone S. (2012). Earthworm biomarkers as  tools for soil pollution assessment. Soil Health and land use management. Dr Maria G. Hernandez Soriano (ED). ISBN:978-953-307-614-0. http:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/books\/soil.health-and-land-use.\r\n[13].\tErifeta, G. O., Eriyamremu, G. E., Omage, K., &#038;Njoya, H. K. (2017). Alterations in the Bio-membrane of Libyodrilusviolaceus following Exposure to Crude Oil and Its Fractions. International Journal of Biochemistry Research &#038; Review, 1-11.\r\n[14].\tDunger, W., and Fiedler, H.J., 1997: Methoden der Bodenbiologie. 2. Aufl. Gustav. Fischer, Jena, Stuttgart, L\u00fcbeck, Ulm, 539 S.\r\n[15].\tCeccanti, B, Masciandaro, G, Garcia, C, Macci, C, Doni, S., (2006). Soil bioremediation: combination of earthworms and compost for the ecological remediation of a hydrocarbon polluted soil. 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Statistical Analysis of Accumulation and Sources of Heavy \tMetals Occurrence in Agricultural Soils of Khoshk River Banks, Shiraz, Iran. \tAmerican-EurasianJ Agric&#038; Environ Sci. 2: 565-573\r\n[27].\tBindesbol A, 2009. Changes in membrane phospholipids as a mechanistic explanation for decreased freeze tolerance in earthworms exposed to sub lethal copper concentrations. Environ Sci Technol., 43(14): 5495-5500.\r\n[28].\tStohs, S.J. and Bagchi, D., 1995. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions. Free Radical Bio Med 18: 321-336.\r\n[29].\tNWQMS (National Water Quality Management Strategy) (2000) Australian and New         Zealand guidelines for fresh and marine water quality, Vols. 1, 2. Australia and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, Canberra\r\n[30].\tWHO. 2003. Benzene in drinking water. Background document for development of WMO guidelines for drinking-water quality. 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Environmental monitoring and assessment, 185(3), 2189-2196.\r\n[36].\tEzemonye, L.I.N. et al, 2004. Comparative studies of macro-invertebrates community structure in two river-catchment areas (Warri and Forcados rivers) in delta state, Nigeria. Afr. Sci., 5: 181-192.\r\n[37].\tPhyllis, A.L., 2005. Environmental Chemistry; A case study of the Exxon Valdez oil spill of 1989. Department of Chemistry, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster.\r\n[38].\tZiki\u0107, R. V., Stajn, A. S., Ognjanovi\u0107, B. I., Saici\u0107, Z. S., Kosti\u0107, M. M., Pavlovi\u0107, S. Z., &#038;Petrovi\u0107, V. M. (1998). The effect of cadmium and selenium on the antioxidant enzyme activities in rat heart. Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology: official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer, 17(3-4), 259-264.\r\n[39].\tSaeed, T., &#038; Al-Mutairi, M. (1999). Chemical composition of the water-soluble fraction of the leaded gasolines in seawater. Environment International, 25(1), 117-129.\r\n[40].\tLanno, R., Wells, J., Conder, J., Bradham, K., &#038;Basta, N. (2004). The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 57(1), 39-47.\r\n[41].\tSaxe, J. K., Impellitteri, C. A., Peijnenburg, W. J., &#038; Allen, H. E. (2001). Novel model describing trace metal concentrations in the earthworm, Eiseniaandrei. Environmental science &#038; technology, 35(22), 4522-4529.\r\n[42].\tHobbelen, P. H. F., Koolhaas, J. E., &#038; Van Gestel, C. A. M. (2006). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the earthworms Lumbricusrubellus and Aporrectodeacaliginosa in relation to total and available metal concentrations in field soils. Environmental pollution, 144(2), 639-646.\r\n <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Erifeta G.O., Njoya H.K, Josiah S.J, Nwangwu S.C., Osagiede P.E., Akpoka A.O., Omoruyi I.M. and Eriyamremu G.E.  &#8220;Physicochemical Characterisation of Crude Oil and Its Correlation with bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Earthworm (<i>Libyodrilusviolaceus<\/i>)&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.370-375 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/370-375.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/370-375.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/physicochemical-characterisation-of-crude-oil-and-its-correlation-with-bioaccumulation-of-heavy-metals-in-earthworm-libyodrilusviolaceus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Physicochemical Characterisation of Crude Oil and Its Correlation with bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Earthworm (<i>Libyodrilusviolaceus<\/i>) <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fac6db elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fac6db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fac7be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fac7be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fac96e\" data-id=\"6fac96e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6facab1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6facab1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>Environment Friendly Pest Control<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\n<strong>Pooja M S, Shilpashree M, Srilakshmi B G, Sushma J, Swathi K &#8211; May 2019 &#8211; Page No.: 376-391<\/strong>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6facb58 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6facb58\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6faccf5\" data-id=\"6faccf5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6face3b elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"6face3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Abstract<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1171\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\">A pest is a animal or plant detriment to human or human concerns including crops, livestock and forestry. Pest cause damage to agriculture by feeding on crops or parasitizing livestock such as codling moth on apple or boll weevil on cotton. \r\nThere are 68000 insect species, 40000 species of fungus and many more microorganisms, the large proportion of which alter the normal development of plant. Food must be produced to sustain a growing world population. Globally one third of species are lost due to pests, weeds and diseases. According to a global pest damage record about 38% of cereals, 32% of irish potato,45% of vegetables and 29% of citrus, grapes and other fruits are damaged due to pests. Eradicating of pests using chemically composed pesticides causes damage to agriculture and are not safe for consumers.\r\nHence we proposed project with title \u2018ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY PEST CONTROL\u2019 which is solar driven and uses piezoelectric transducer and ultrasonic repeller device to repel the pests away from the crops.\r\nSince we use solar power and sensor crop management becomes much simpler and economical. The solar energy system and low power repeller circuit driven by harvested solar energy has been employed in the proposed system to replace the use of chemical repellents. The sun tracking system has been employed to improve the efficiency of solar panel to recharge the batteries which are capable of driving the repeller during night time. The proposed repeller system will be ON for 11 hours (6 P.M- 5 A.M). The proposed system consumes very low power of 0.735W and covers the large area of 255 square meters.   \r\nEnvironment monitoring is an IOT application which helps to monitors the environment condition of any locality or surrounding and the condition can be viewed by everybody with the help of internet. This application is more effective, rapid in providing environment conditions. It helps the individuals or government to take remedial actions if the condition of the environment becomes abnormal.\r\n<\/i>.<\/p>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><i class=\"fa fa-clone\"><\/i> Page(s): 376-391\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<i class=\"fa fa-calendar \"><\/i> Date of Publication: 18 June 2019<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Authors<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1172\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1172\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Pooja M S<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mysuru, Karnataka, India <\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Shilpashree M<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mysuru, Karnataka, India <\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Srilakshmi B G<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mysuru, Karnataka, India <\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Sushma J<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mysuru, Karnataka, India <\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"html-tag\"><i class=\"fa fa-user\"><\/i>\u00a0<strong>Swathi K<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\r\nDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mysuru, Karnataka, India <\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" aria-expanded=\"false\">References<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1173\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1173\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">[1].\tVillage of Mandya called Marakadudoddi- 2018(November)\r\n[2].\tIn proceeding of IEEE conference on wireless communication and networking \u2013Chennai 2016(October)\r\n[3].\tInternational symposium on communication system 2012(December)\r\n[4].\tL298N_test_code for arduino\r\n[5].\tJoe-Air Jiang, &#8220;Becoming technological advanced-IOT applications in smart agriculture&#8221;, APAN 38th meeting, 11\u201315 August 2014\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Cite<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1174\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1174\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\">Pooja M S, Shilpashree M, Srilakshmi B G, Sushma J, Swathi K  &#8220;Environment Friendly Pest Control&#8221; International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 5, pp.376-391 May 2019 URL: https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/376-391.pdf<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Full Text PDF<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1175\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1175\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/digital-library\/volume-6-issue-5\/376-391.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1787\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"89\" height=\"89\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Enhanced Article (HTML)<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1176\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1176\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsisinternational.org\/virtual-library\/papers\/environment-friendly-pest-control\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Environment Friendly Pest Control <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fadcc9 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6fadcc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 24 24&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fadd9d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fadd9d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fadf1e\" data-id=\"6fadf1e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fae045 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fae045\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Human Capital Management through Emotional Intelligence for Global Competitiveness Dr Anupama K Malagi &#8211; May 2019 Page No.: 01-03 Abstract [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1652,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2604","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2604"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":73005,"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2604\/revisions\/73005"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rsisinternational.org\/journals\/ijrsi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}