A hydroelectric power plant having a long conduit necessitates the installation of a surge tank to reduce the amplitude of water hammer pressure, which may cause due to a change in the load demand. The unsteady continuity equation and momentum in surge when combined become non-linear and hence cannot be solved analytically. Therefore, in the present study, few numerical methods of solution are used viz. Jacobsen’s method, Pressel’s method and Finite difference method. Author solved the equation by these three numerical solution with variable friction factor ‘f ’ given by Barr approximate direct solution of Colebrook-White equation (1975) at every time step. Solutions are compared with the available laboratory data and Jacobsen’s solution agrees quite well. Again comparison of author’s solution with Chattarjee’s solution by Pressel’s method comes quite closer. Therefore, solution of the equation using variable ‘f ’, at different time step as suggested by Barr is very essential for a hydraulic engineer to design of different hydraulic structures in a meaningful way.
- Page(s): 01-03
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Lakshmi rani KonwarAssistant Professor, Civil Engineering, Girijananda Choudhury Institute of Management and Technology, Guwahati, India
- Madan Mohan DasBE (Gau), MS (Cornell, USA), Phd (Strathclyde, UK), Retd. Director of Technical Education, Guwahati, India
- Bibhash SarmaAssociate Professor, Civil Engineering, Assam Engineering College, Guwahati, India
References
[1] Barr, D. I. H., Some solution procedures for C-W functions, Power and Dam Construction, London, Dec. 1980 [2] Borthakur, K. C., Experimental and theoretical studies of water hammer pressure in surge tank and pressure conduit, Ph D Thesis submitted to Gauhati University, 1997 [3] Chatterjee, P. N., Fluid Mechanics for Engineers, Digital Computer Applications, !st. Edition, Mac -Milan India Ltd., 1995 [4] Colebrook, C. F, and White, C. M., Experiments with Fluid Friction in roughened pipes, Royal Society of London, Series A, Vol 161, 1937 [5] Das Mimi, Different computer verification Aided solutions of unsteady equations of surge tank and their verification against laboratory data, M. E. Thesis submitted to Gauhat University, 1999 [6] Das, M. M., Computer aided solution of surge height and comparison with laboratory data, presented and published in National conference of Hydro Power Development, Central Board of Irrigation and Water Power (CBIP), April, 1997, New Delhi [7] Das Mimi, Sarma, A. K. and Das, M. M. Effect of resistance parameter in the numerical solutions of non-linear unsteady equations if surge tank, HIS, Journal of Hy. Engg., vol 11, no 2, pp 101-110, 2005 [8] Hydraulics Lab. Manual, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok, 1969 [9] Jakobsen, B. F., Surge Tanks, Trans ASCE, 85, pp 1157, 1922 [10] Pressel, R., Beitrag zur Benes des Inhaltes von Wasserschlossem, Schweiz BauZig 53, 57, 210, 1909, 1910, 1911 [11] AIT Bangkok presented a numerical solution in 1969
Lakshmi rani Konwar, Madan Mohan Das,Bibhash Sarma "The Study of Resistance in Unsteady Flow in Surge" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-(IJRSI) vol.3 issue 6, pp.01-03 2016
Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a major health issue due to the lack of any approved medicine or vaccine for human use. Ebola virus disease has also spread a serious terrific fear attack in Africa since the Ebola virus disease has killed approximately 5,000 people in 2014 outbreak in West Africa. In case, if Ebola virus disease is not controlled, then it will be a serious threat to human population and also Ebola virus could be used as a bioterrorism agent which is still more dangerous and worst than the warfare. This emergency situation of Ebola virus outbreak has cautioned and also motivated for the development of a vaccine against highly contagious Ebola virus disease. However, there are many issues with the traditional methods of vaccine production. Therefore, plant made vaccine strategy coupled with the use of viral vectors (MagnICON' vectors, Icon Genetics Inc., Germany), and Agroinfection technique is safe, versatile, and accumulates higher yield of recombinant protein for vaccination programmes. Recent experimental model of tobacco plant derived ZMapp antibody cocktails is another major breakthrough in plant biotechnology. This new wave of ZMapp antibody cocktail experiment is another ray of hope for humanization of vaccine platform. However, there are some regulatory issues and needs to be addressed before the commercialization of vaccine.
- Page(s): 04-12
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Ravindra B. Malabadi Miller Blvd NW, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaPlant Biotechnology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune-Satara Road, Katraj, Pune - 411046, Maharashtra state, IndiaPlant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad, Karnataka state, India
- Raju K. ChalannavarDepartment of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India
- Sowmyashree KDepartment of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India
- Supriya SDepartment of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India
- Nityasree B. RDepartment of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India
- Raquel M. GleiserCREAN-IMBIV (CONICET-UNC), Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, and FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Avenida Valpara´iso s/n, 5016 Cordoba, Argentina
- Neelambika T. MetiPlant Biotechnology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune-Satara Road, Katraj, Pune - 411046, Maharashtra state, India
- Sudabattula VijayakumarBiotechnology Research Institute, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Gangadhar S. MulgundPlant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad, Karnataka state, India
- Ramesh S. GaniDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India
- Ravindra Chougale Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, Karnataka,India.
- Sarswati MastiDepartment of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad - 580 001, India.
- Arvind ChougaleDepartment of Bioscience (Biotechnology), Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India.
- Divakar M. SDepartment of Bioscience (Biotechnology), Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India.
- Sarswati MastiDepartment of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad - 580 001, India.
- Deepak KasaiDepartment of Material Science, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri -574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India
- Himansu BaijnathSchool of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
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Ravindra B. Malabadi, Raju K. Chalannavar, Sowmyashree K, Supriya S, Nityasree B. R, Raquel M. Gleiser, Neelambika T. Meti, Sudabattula Vijayakumar, Gangadhar S. Mulgund, Ramesh S. Gani, Anand Nasalapure, Ravindra Chougale, Sarswati Masti, Arvind Chougale, Divakar M. S, Deepak Kasai, Bharati Odhav, and Himansu Baijnath "Ebola Virus: Updates on Plant Made Vaccine Development" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.04-12 2016
Waveguide is the device used as communication channel in Satellites. Waveguide path planning is essential for proper utilization of area and systematic arrangement. In this literature, three types of optimization algorithms have been discussed for waveguide path planning. These algorithms are compared for optimum area utilization and their advantages and disadvantages with respect to waveguide path planning are discussed.
- Page(s): 13-17
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Trushar ShahDepartment of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, U.V.Patel College of Engineering, Gujarat, India
- Jay PatelDepartment of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, U.V.Patel College of Engineering, Gujarat, India
- Vinod P ShingadiyaHead of CMID Department, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Gujarat, India
- V.B. PatelDepartment of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, U.V.Patel College of Engineering, Gujarat, India
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Trushar Shah, Jay Patel, Vinod P Shingadiya, V.B. Patel "Waveguide Path Planning using Nearest Neighbor, Breadth First Search and Ant Colony Inspired Optimization Algorithms" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.13-17 2016
This review paper takes into account the various modeling analysis that are done on an adsorption chiller bed/cooling systems. Adsorption systems compared to conventional VCRS and VARS are poor in performance and hence modeling and analysis of the aforesaid systems need to be done to overcome its limitations. This paper mainly focuses on three modes of analysis viz. thermodynamic model, lumped parameters model and heat and mass transfer model taking silica gel water as the working pair. The review work discusses the various modeling and analysis that has been done in this regard. Thermodynamic analysis involves simple methods whereas lumped parameter model takes into account the transient nature of the adsorption system. Heat and mass transfer model on the other hand involves complex partial differential equations, and numerical methods are required to solve them. However, by the use of thermodynamic model we can find the COP of the adsorption system, while by using heat and mass transfer model we can find every details of the adsorption cooling system as well as determine the temperature profile of the chiller bed. It can henceforth be concluded that while detailed results and analysis can be obtained with the help of heat and mass transfer model as compared to thermodynamic and lumped parameter model but the former one takes more time and is much more complicated than the other two.
- Page(s): 18-26
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Dipak PanditNPTI – National Power Training Institute, Durgapur-713216
- Biplab ChoudhuryScientist,CSIR - Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur – 713209
- Jyoti P. SarkarDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur – 713209
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Dipak Pandit, Biplab Choudhury, Jyoti P. Sarkar "Modelling Analysis of Silica Gel / Water Adsorption Chiller Systems: A Review" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.18-26 2016
Nd2O3 coated Tio2 material was synthesized by hydrothermal technique at relatively low P-T conditions. Micro and macrostructure of the material is being carried out by SEM and XRD. Photocatalytic decolourization experiments of Indigo carmine dye by Nd2O3 coated Tio2 material have made under UV-fluorescent and sunlight and it was found out, sunlight is more effective. The degree of decolourization is intensive under stronger acidic and basic conditions of the solution. Photocatalytic treatment of the study material is also simultaneously reduces the COD of coloured solution by oxidizing the dissolved organics..
- Page(s): 27-31
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- L. ShruthiDepartment of Studies in Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 6, India
- S. SrikantaswamyDepartment of Studies in Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 6, IndiaCentre for Materials Science and Technology, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 6, India
- K. JagadishCentre for Materials Science and Technology, Vijnana Bhavan, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 6, India
- D. ShivakumarDepartment of Studies in Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 6, India
- M. R. AbhilashDepartment of Studies in Environmental Science, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 6, India
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Synthesis and photocatalytic activities of MnO2-loaded Nb2O5/carbon clusters composite material. Micro. Meso. Mater., 2009, 118: 518. [21]. Asahi R, Morikawa T, Ohwaki T, Aoki K, Taga Y. Visible-light photocatalysis in nitrogen-doped titanium oxides. Science, 2001, 293, 269-271 [22]. Charanpahari A, Umare S S, Gokhale S P, Sudarsan V, Sreehhar B, Sasikala R. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of multi-doped TiO2 for the degradation of methyl orange. Appl. Catal., A: Gen., 2012, 443: 96 [23]. Kim S J, Yun S-M, Kim H, Kim J-G, Lee Y-S. Preparation and photocatalytic activity of multi-elements codoped TiO2 made by sol-gel method and microwave treatment. Carbon Lett., 2009, 10: 123. [24]. Wang Y Q, Cheng H M, Zhang L, Hao Y Z, Ma J M, Xu B, Li W H. The preparation, characterization, photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic properties of lanthanide metal-ion-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. J. Mol.. Catal. A, 2000, 151: 205. [25]. Yang X, Ma F Y, Li K X, Guo Y N, Hu J L, Li W, Huo M X, Guo Y H. Mixed phase titania nanocomposite codoped with metallic silver and vanadium oxide: new efficient photocatalyst for dye degradation. J. Hazard. Mater., 2010, 175: 429. [26]. Du W M, Zhu Z Q, Zhang X F, Wang D C, Liu D H, Qian X F, Du J M. RE/ZrO2 (RE=Sm/Eu) composite oxide nano-materials: Synthesis and applications in photocatalysis. Mater. Res. Bull., 2013, 48: 3735. [27]. Du W M, Wang X H, Li H, Ma D, Hou S H, Zhang J S, Qian X F, Pang H. ZrO2/Dy2O3 solid solution nano-materials: tunable composition, visible light–responsive photocatalytic activities and reaction mechanism. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2013, 96: 2979. [28]. G.S.Gopalakrishna, M.J.Mahesh, K.G.Ashamanjari, and J.Shashidharaprasad, Hydrothermal synthesis, morphological evolution and characterization of Na2CoP2O7 crystals. J. Cryst. Growth 281 (2005) 604 - 610. [29]. M.J.Mahesh, G.S.Gopalakrishna and K.G. As hamanjari, Pre treated and treated hydrothermal preparation of NaVP2O7.H2O crystalline material and their characterization. Mate r. Charct. 57 (2006) 30 -35. [30]. K. Byrappa, M. H. Sunitha, A. K. Subramani, S. Ananda, K. M. Lokanatha Rai, B. Basavalingu, M. Yoshimura, Hydrothermal preparation of neodymium oxide coated titania composite designer particulates and its application in the photocatalytic degradation of procion red dye. J Mater Sci 41 (2006) 1369 –1375 [31]. Powder diffraction data book of 1st edition, publication DBM-1-23, published by the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) USA, (1974). [32]. Won-Mook Lee, Chul Woo Lee, Kwang Joo Kim, Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon, South Korea (2006) 476. [33]. D. Bahnemann, D. Bockelmann, R. Goslish, Mechanistic studies of water detoxification in illuminated TiO2 suspensions. Solar Energy Materials 1991, 24 (1), 564-583 [34]. Michael R. Prairie, Lindsey R. Evans, Bertha M. Stange, Sheryl L. Martinez, An investigation of titanium dioxide photocatalysis for the treatment of water contaminated with metals and organic chemicals. Environ. Sci. Technol., 1993, 27 (9), pp 1776–1782
L. Shruthi, S. Srikantaswamy, K. Jagadish, D. Shivakumar and M. R. Abhilash "Photocatalytic Degradation of Indigo Carmine Dye Using Nd2O3 Coated Tio2 Materials" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.27-31 2016
In the paper a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller design is proposed and performance analysis of an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) has been performed. The output terminal voltage is maintained by The Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR). It modifies field so as to control the voltage at the terminal by sensing error in terminal voltage and thereby modifying the excitation current. The Fuzzy Proportional- Integral-Derivative controller is the tuner for the performance of the AVR system as it improves the rise time, overshoot, settling time and minimizing the steady state error. Modeling of the Traditional system and techniques to analysis the system under study are too particular for glitches with real world complexity, and for minimizing the effect of complexity we introduce Fuzziness to attain a adequate output by modified membership functions and fuzzy sets. The parameters of Fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller Kp, Ki, Kd effects the valve position through valve actuator proportional to the change in power demand with respect to power supply. Selection of suitable membership function for tuning Fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller parameters plays an important role on the performance of the system. In the performance analysis for the system the performance with fuzzy tuning is compared with other controllers and different techniques of optimization which is expected to produce better performance.
- Page(s): 32-37
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- T. K. PanigrahiAsst. Prof., Department of Electrical Engineering, IIIT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- T. K. PanigrahiResearch Scholar Department of Electrical Engineering, IIIT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Reference
[1] IEEE Working Group on, (1981) “Computer modeling of excitation systems, excitation system models for power system stability studies”. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems 100(2), 494–509. [2] Gozde H., Taplamacioglu M. C., 2011 “Comparative performance analysis of artificial bee colony algorithm for automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system”, Journal of the Franklin Institute 348 (2011) 1927–1946. [3] Kundur P., 2009 “Power system stability and control”, TMH, 8th reprint,. [4] Shinskey FG., 1996 “Process control system: application, design and tuning”. McGraw-Hill;. [5] Ogata K., 2010 “Modern control engineering”. Prentice Hall;. [6] Liu J., Lampinen J., 2002 “A fuzzy adaptive differential evolution algorithm”, Lappeenranta University of Technology, TENCON '02 Proceedings 2002 IEEE Region 10 Conference on Computers, Communications, Control and Power Engineering, Vol. 1, pp. 606-611,. [7] Math Works, Fuzzy Logic Toolbox User‟s Guide, Jan., 1998. [8] Bharti Y. H., Kulkarni A.B. 2008 “Multi-input fuzzy logic controller for brushless dc motor drives”, defense science journal, vol.58,no.1,january 2008,pp-147-158. [9] Lee, C.C. 1990Fuzzy logic in control systems: Fuzzy logic controller-part I, II. IEEE Trans.sys.Man cyber, 1990, 20(2), 404-35. [10] Coelho L.D.S., 2009 “Tuning of PID controller for an automatic regulator voltage system using chaotic optimization approach, Chaos, Solitons and Fractals” 39 (4) (2009) 1504–1514. [11] Behera A., Panda S., 2013 “Design and performance analysis of a PID controller by using Differential Evolutionary Algorithm for an Autonomous Power System”, IJAEE, 2013, Volume 2, pp-256-264.
T. K. Panigrahi, Aurobindo Behera "Operation of Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) Under Single Fault and Cascaded Fault Condition" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.32-37 2016
A fundamental principle in traditional dental practice has been the preservation and rehabilitation of natural teeth. Endodontic treatment procedures have played a key role in this context in the retention and restoration to function of teeth affected by pulp and/or periapical pathosis..The extraction of hopeless teeth is considered as the last resort due to limited restorative options or financial constraints.With the emerging field of implant dentistry gaining fast acceptance, the prevailing opinions on treatment planning for diseased teeth are changing. Many practitioners consider the single-tooth implant as a reasonable alternative to the preservation of the natural dentition. Consequently, today’s practitioner is faced with a fundamental dilemma, should a tooth be retained through nonsurgical endodontic treatment or should it be extracted and replaced with an single- tooth implant? This paper Reviews the factors influencing the treatment planning and decision making between both these viable treatment options and identifies key issues that need careful consideration in planning the most appropriate course of care in a given clinical situation.
- Page(s): 38-40
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Dr. Sangeeta KulkarniSenior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Albadar Dental College and Hospital, Naganhalli Road, Gulbarga- 585102, Karnataka, India.
References
[1]. V John et alImplant or the natural tooth – a contemporary treatmentplanning dilemma?,Australian Dental Journal Supplement 2007;52:(1 Suppl):S138-S1501. [2]. Michael F. Morris, et al Comparison of Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment andSingle-tooth Implants.JOE Vol 35, No 10, October 2009 [3]. Treatment Planning for Implants versus root canal therapy: a contemporarydilemma. Implant Dentistry 2002; 11(3):217-23. [4]. Mian K. Iqbalef al JOE A Review of Factors Influencing Treatment Planning Decisions of Single-tooth Implants versus Preserving Natural Teeth with Nonsurgical Endodontic Therapy.— Volume 34, Number 5, May 2008. [5]. Vire DE et al Failure of endodontically treated teeth: classification and evaluation.. JEndod 1991;17:338–42. [6]. Ruskin et al. Failed root canals: the case for extractionand immediate implant placement.J Oral MaxillofacSurg 2005;63:829 –31. [7]. Molven O et al Periapical changes followingroot-canal treatment observed 20 –27 years postoperatively. Int Endod J2002;35:784 –90. [8]. A Review of Factors Influencing Treatment Planning Decisions of Single-tooth Implants versus Preserving Natural Teeth with Nonsurgical Endodontic Therapy., JOE — Volume 34, Number 5, May 2008. [9]. (Holm-Pedersen et al. 2007). [10]. Doyle SL et al .Retrospective cross sectionalcomparison of initial nonsurgical endodontic treatment and single-tooth implants.J Endod 2006;32:822–7. [11]. Mahmoud Torabinejad and Goodacre Endodontic or dental implant therapy: The factors affecting treatment planning.. J Am Dent Assoc2006;137;973-977 [12]. Contemporary Implant dentistry 3rd edition.CARL. E.MISCH [13]. Iqbal Kim.For teeth requiring endodontic treatment, what are the differences in outcomes of restored endodontically treated teeth compared to implant-supported restorations? a systematic review..Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2007; (22):96 –116. [14]. Salinas TJ, Eckert SE. In patients requiring single tooth replacement, what are theoutcomes of implants as compared to tooth-supported testorations? part I of adescriptive analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2007;22 (Suppl):71–95. [15]. Tomas Linkevicius, PeterisApse.Biologic Width Around Implants. An Evidence-Based Review Stomatologija, Baltic Dental and Maxillofacial Journal, 10:27-35, 2008 [16]. Kan JY, Rungcharassaeng K, Umezu K, Kois JC. Dimensions of peri-implant mucosa: an evaluation of maxillary anterior single implants in humans. J Periodontol 2003; 74:557-62. [17]. Kajuto Makigusa Histologic comparison of biologic width around teeth versus implants; the effect of bone preservation.. Journal of implant and reconstructive dentistry™ 2009 Vol. 1 No. 1 [18]. Tomas Linkevicius, PeterisApse.Biologic Width Around Implants. An Evidence-Based Review Stomatologija, Baltic Dental and Maxillofacial Journal, 10:27-35, 2008 [19]. Richard Mounce,Implants vs. endoComplimentary treatment strategies or adversarial threats. Dental tribune Middle East & Africa Edition [20]. Hammerle CH, et al. Threshold of tactile sensitivity perceived with dental endosseous implants and natural teeth. Clin Oral Implant Res 1995;6:83-90. [21]. Roos-Jansaker et al Nine- to fourteen-year follow-up of implant treatment. Part III: factors associated with peri-implant lesions. J Clin Periodontol 2006;33:296-301.
Dr. Sangeeta Kulkarni "Dental Implants or Root Canal Treatment-The Restorative Advantage" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.38-40 2016
Higher order squeezing in stimulated seven-wave mixing optical process has been studied. It is shown that squeezing increases with the increase in non-classicality associated with higher order squeezing having the same number of photons.
- Page(s): 41-43
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Dr. Savita GillDepartment of Applied Science University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kurukshetra 136 119, India
References
[1]. Walls, D. F. and Milburch, G.J., 2008, Quantum Optics, Springer Berlin Heidelberg., pp. 143. [2]. Savita, Rani, S. and Singh, N., “Squeezing and sub-Poissonian Effect in Eighth Harmonic Generation,” Journal of Information Systems and Communication, vol. 3, pp. 80, 2012. [3]. Giri, D. K. and Gupta, P. S., “The Squeezing of Radiation in Four-Wave Mixing Processes,” J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass. Opt., vol. 6, pp. 91-96, 2004. [4]. Rani, S., Lal, J. and Singh, N., “Squeezing and Photon Statistical Effects in Spontaneous and Stimulated Eight-Wave Mixing Process,” Opt. Quant. Electron, vol. 39, pp. 157-167, 2007. [5]. Gill, S., Rani, S. and Singh, N., “Minimum Total Noise in Wave Mixing Processes,” International Journal of Optics, Volume 2012, Article ID 431826, 4 pages [6]. Antonosyan, D. A., G. Yu, Kryunchkyan, “Multi- mode Squeezing in Micro Structured Non Linear Media,” Physics of Particles and Nuclei Letters, vol. 6(7), pp. 581-584, 2009. [7]. Perina, J., Haderka, O., Sibilia, C., Bertolotti, M. and Scalora, M., Squeezed-light Generation in a Nonlinear Planar Waveguide with a Periodic Corrugation,” Phys. Rev. A, vol. 76(3), pp. 033813- 033826, 2007. [8]. Meystre. P and Sargent. M. III, Element of Quantum Optics, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 1991. [9]. Mckenzie, K., Grsse, N., Bowen, W.P., Whitcomb, S.E., Gray, M.B., McClelland D.E. and Lam, P.K., 2004, “Squeezing in the Audio Gravitational Wave Detection Band,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 93(16), pp. 161105-161108. [10]. Eberle, T., Steinlechner, S., Bachrowitz, J., Handehen, V., Vahlbrch, H., Mehmet, M., Ebhardt, H.M. and Schnabel, R., 2010, “Quantum Enhancement of the Zero-Area Sagnac Interferometer Topology for Gravitational Wave Detection”. Phys. Rev. Lett., 104(25), pp. 251102-251105. [11]. Marino, A.M. and Stroud, C.R., 2006, “Deterministic Secure Communications using Two-Mode Squeezed States” Phys. Rev. A, 74(2), pp. 022315-022319. [12]. Xie, D., Pysher, M., Jing, J. and Pfisher, O., 2007, “Enhanced Optical Communication and Broadband Sub-Shot-Noise Interferometry with a Stable Free Running Periodically Poled KTiOPO4 Squeezer” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 24(10), pp. 2702-2706. [13]. Yonezawa, H., Braunstein S.L., and Furusawa, A., 2007, “Experimental Demonstration of Quantum Teleportation of Broadband Squeezing” Phys. Rev., Lett., 99(11) pp. 110503- 110506. [14]. Furusawa,A., 2007, “Quantum Teleportation for Continuous Variables and Related Quantum Information Processing,” Phys. Rep., 443 (2007) pp. 97. [15]. Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G. and Mermin, N. D., “Quantum Cryptography without Bell’s Theorem,’ Physical Review Letters, vol.68 (5) pp. 557-559, 1992. [16]. Christandl, M., Koenig, R. and Renner, R., Phys. Rev. Lett., 102 (2008) 020504. [17]. Hong, C.K. and Mandel, L., “Generation of Higher Order Squeezing of a Quantum Electromagnetic Field,” Phys. Rev. A, vol. 32, pp. 974-982, 1985. [18]. Gill, S., Rani, S. and Singh, N., “ Higher Order Amplitude Squeezing Fourth and Fifth Harmonic Generation,” Indian Journal of Physics, vol.86, pp. 371-375,2012. [19]. Giri, D. K. and Gupta, P. S., “Higher-Order Squeezing of the Electromagnetic Field in Spontaneous and Stimulated Raman Processes,” J. Mod. Opt., vol. 52, pp. 1769- 1781, 2005. [20]. Hong, C.K. and Mandel, L., 1985, “Higher- Order Squeezing of a Quantum Field,” Phys. Rev. Lett., 54, pp. 323-325. [21]. Hillery, M., 1987, “Amplitude-Square Squeezing of the electromagnetic field,” Phys. Rev. A, 36, pp. 3796-3802.
Dr. Savita Gill "Squeezing in Stimulated Seven Wave Mixing Process" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.41-43 2016
In India there are 300 sunny days in a year and receives 5 to 7 kWh/m2/day. At present total installed capacity of electricity in our country is 2,98,060 MW as on 31 March 2016andtotal grid connected installed renewable capacity is 42752 MW in which solar power includes 6763 MW installed capacity which accounts for 16% of installed grid connected renewable energy. The Indian solar photovoltaic industry is growing at a pace of 25%.In my work I have studied performance of 40 KW grid connected solar photovoltaic system which is installed at administrative building at Delhi Technological University, New Delhi.
- Page(s): 44-49
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Dr. R. S. MishraProfessor, Delhi Technological University, India.
- Dr. J. P. KesariAssociate Professor, Delhi Technological University, India.
- Pawan SharmaM.Tech Student, Delhi Technological University, India.
References
[1]. Ministry of new and renewable energy, physical progress,http://mnre.gov.in/mission-and-vision-2/achievements/. [2]. Specification of PV Module PM 0250, PHOTON ENERGY SYSTEMS LIMITED. [3]. Specification of SSE-Grid Tied Solar Inverter of 20 kW. [4]. PV WATT CALCULATOR and actual energy production by 40 kW power plant [5]. Solar Photovoltaic Technology And Systems, A Manual For Technicians, Trainers And Engineers, PHI learning private limited, Author Chetan Singh Solanki [6]. Solar radiation hand book (2008), A joint project of solar energy centre,MNRE, Indian Metrological Department [7]. Government of India, ministry of power, central electricity authority, New Delhi, executive summary power sector march 16.
Dr. R. S. Mishra, Dr. J. P. Kesari, Pawan Sharma "Performance Analysis of 40 KW Solar Photovoltaic System at DTU" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.44-49 2016
Aim: To evaluate and compare the cytotoxic effects of commercially available root canal irrigant sodium hypochlorite and herbal extracts Turmeric & Neem. Methodology: Sixty samples with 2ml of RBC suspension was randomly assigned to four groups. 3%Sodium hypochlorite, 0.25% Hydro-Alcoholic solution of Turmeric and 7.5% Hydro-Alcoholic solution of Neem and they were tested on RBC suspension. Normal saline was selected as control. Peripheral smear were prepaired to assess the morphological abnormalities of viable cells. After centrifugation of each test tube, the supernated volume was estimated for haemoglobin concentration representing cytotoxicity. Results: Cytotoxicity varies in the following order: 3% Sodium hypochlorite > 0.25% Hydro-Alcoholic solution of Turmeric > 7.5% Hydro-Alcoholic solution of Neem. Results showed that statistically significant difference exists between cytotoxicity of tested irrigating solutions. Conclusion: Considering the undesirable effects of the conventional root canal irrigants, herbal extracts could be an alternative root canal irrigant with least toxicity.
- Page(s): 50-54
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Shreeshail IndiDepartment of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Al Badar Dental College, Gulbarga, India.
- Sangeeta KulkarniDepartment of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Al Badar Dental College, Gulbarga, India.
References
[1]. Matthias Zehnder. Root canal irrigants: J. Endod. 2006;32(5):389-398. [2]. Peters OA, Scho¨nenberger K, Laib A. Effects of four Ni-Ti preparation techniques on root canal geometry assessed by micro computed tomography. Int Endod J 2001;34:221–30. [3]. Hu¨lsmann M, Hahn W. Complications during root canal irrigation: literature review and case reports [review]. Int Endod J 2000;33:186–93. [4]. Spangberg L, Engstro¨m B, Langeland K. Biologic effects of dental materials. 3.Toxicity and antimicrobial effect of endodontic antiseptics in vitro. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1973;36:856–71. [5]. Pratishta J, Manish R. Role of herbs in root canal irrigation-A review IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 2014; Mar-Apr:9(2):06-10. [6]. Ishitha C, Kaushik B, Uday B, Ranajit K B. Turmeric And Curcumin: Biological Actions And Medicinal Applications. Current Science 2004; 87(1): 44-53. [7]. Dutta A, Kundabala M. Comparative anti-microbial efficacy of Azadirachta indica irrigant with standard endodontic irrigants: A preliminary study. Journal of conservative dentistry Mar-Apr 2014; 17(2):133-137. [8]. Pashley EL, Birdsong NL, Bowman K, Pashley DH. Cytotoxic effects of NaOCl on vital tissue. J Endod 1985;11:525‑8. [9]. Faria G, Celes MR, De Rossi A, Silva LA, Silva JS, Rossi MA. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod 2007;33:715‑22. [10]. Zhang W, Torabinejad M, Li Y. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of MTAD using the MTT‑tetrazolium method. J Endod 2003;29:654‑7. [11]. Barnhart BD, Chuang A, Lucca JJ, Roberts S, Liewehr F, Joyce AP. An in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of various endodontic irrigants on human gingival fibroblasts. J Endod 2005; 31:613‑5. [12]. Pashley EL et al. Cytotoxic effects of NaOCl on vital tissue. J Endod 1985;11:525-8. [13]. Pandranki J, Narsimha Rao VV, Chandrabhatla SK. Cytotoxic Analysis of Various Root Canal Irrigants at Cellular Level. BJMMR 2015; 6(11): 1052-1062. [14]. Joseph F. Hoffman. On red blood cells, hemolysis and resealed Ghosts. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology.1992;326:1-15. [15]. Jay AWL, Rowlands S. The stages of osmotic hemolysis. J. Physiology. 1975;252:817-882. [16]. Datta P et al. Invitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Indigenously Prepared Neem and Aloe vera leaf extracts at Various Concentrations & Comparison with 3% Sodium hypochlorite against E. faecalis and C. albicans by Agar Diffusion Method .J Res Adv Dent 2014; 3:3:40-47. [17]. Thilla SV et al. In vitro evaluation of five different herbal extracts as an antimicrobial endodontic irrigant using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. J conserv Dent. 2013 Mar-Apr; 16(2): 167–170. [18]. Hannah R et al. Influence of various herbal irrigants as a final rinse on the adherence ofEnterococcus faecalis by fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscope. J Conserv Dent. 2013 Jul-Aug; 16(4): 352–355. [19]. Prasanna N et al. Effectiveness of curcumin against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2013; Early Online, 1–5. [20]. Mithra NH et al. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Aqueous and Hydro-Alcoholic Curcuma Longa Extracts against Endodontic Pathogens. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy Mar.-Apr. 2012, Vol. 2(2) pp: 192-198. [21]. Hamilton-Miller JM. Anti-cariogenic properties of tea (Camellia sinensis).J Med Microbiol 2001;50:299-302. [22]. Kandaswamy D, Venkateshbabu N. Root canal irrigants. Journal of Conservative Dentistry Oct-Dec 2010; 13(4).256-264.
Shreeshail Indi, Sangeeta Kulkarni "Cytotoxic Analysis of Herbal Root Canal Irrigants at Cellular Level" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.50-54 2016
The purpose of this paper is to present a survey on various papers that shows various aspects of ACO, ANN, GA and their respective strategies that can be applied on a CPU-GPU collaborative environment making use of the concept of parallel processing. The CPU-GPU collaboration is an interesting premise for a survey. The CPUs and the GPUs are separately powerful entities and can carry a heavy workload. If both of their powers can be combined, we can just imagine how optimized the results can be. The following contains a review of papers which gives us insights on parallel algorithms when applied on a parallel computer or a GPU, and the results obtained.
- Page(s): 55-61
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Rishabhnand SinghStudent, Department of Information Technology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
- Adarsh MaskaraStudent, Department of Information Technology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
- Ankit SharmaStudent, Department of Information Technology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
- Prof. Deep MalyaMukhopadhyayAssistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
- Prof. (Dr.) AnindyaJyoti PalAssistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata, India
References
[1] Marco Dorigo and Thomas Stutzle ,The Ant Colony Optimization Metaheuristic (2001) : Algorithms, Applications, and Advance. [2] Marcus Randall and Andrew Lewis,A Parallel Implementation of Ant Colony Optimization (2002). [3] Jaqueline S. Angelo, Douglas A. Augusto and Helio J. C. Barbosa,Strategies for Parallel Ant Colony Optimization on Graphics Processing Units [4] Audrey Delévacq, Pierre Delisle, Marc Gravel, MichaëlKrajecki ,Parallel Ant Colony Optimization on Graphics Processing Units ,CReSTIC, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, 51687, France, Départementd‟Informatique et de Mathématique, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, Canada. [5] PetrPospichal and Jiri JarosfromBrno ,GPU-based Acceleration of the Genetic Algorithm. [6] PetrPospichal, Jiri Jaros, and Josef Schwarz,Parallel Genetic Algorithm on the CUDA Architecture. [7] L. WANG,A. A. MACIEJEWSKI, H. J. SIEGEL,V. P. ROYCHOWDHURY,AND B. D. ELDRIDGE,A study of five parallel approaches to a genetic algorithm for the travelling salesman problem,Intelligent Automation and Soft Computing, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 217-234, 2005. [8] Adrian Horga,Genetic algorithms – CPU vs GPU implementation discussion Metaheuristics course report. [9] Jean-Yves Potvin ,The Traveling Salesman Problem: A Neural Network Perspective ,Centre de Recherchesur les Transports Université de Montréal C.P. 6128, Succ. A, Montréal (Québec) Canada H3C 3J7,potvin@iro.umontreal.ca [10] Ritesh Gandhi, Approximate solution for the Traveling Salesman‟s Problem Using Continuous Hopfield Network ,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,rgandhi@ece.uic.edu [11] YanpingBaia, WendongZhanga, Zhen JinbaKey ,A new self-organizing maps strategy for solving the traveling salesman problem, Lab of Instrument Science and Dynamic Measurement of Ministry of Education, North University of China,No. 3, Xueyuan Road, TaiYuan, ShanXi 030051, ChinabDepartment of Applied Mathematics, North University of China, No. 3 Xueyuan Road, TaiYuan, ShanXi 030051, ChinaAccepted 15 August 2005 . [12] W N Martin, Jens Lienig and James P Cohoon, Island (migration) models: evolutionary algorithms based on punctuated equilibria. [13] nVidia Corporation. Nvidiacuda programming guide 2.0. [14] Carlos Gershenson,Artificial Neural Networks for Beginners. [15] Dr.NoureddinSadawi,http://people.brunel.ac.uk/~csstnns [16] /tutorials.html
Rishabhnand Singh,AdarshMaskara, Ankit Sharma, Prof. Deep MalyaMukhopadhyay, Prof. (Dr.) AnindyaJyoti Pal "A Survey on Parallel Processing in a CPU-GPU Collaborative Environment Using Ant Colony Optimization, Artificial Neural Networks & Genetic Algorithm" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.55-61 2016
Complete removal of printed text on thermal papers obtained from sources like ATM, fax machines and billing has always been a problem in recovery of evidential information out of it. This systematic non destructive technique exercised for the first time, on completely faded thermal paper allows recovering completely removed printed text. All the samples were introduced to different wavelengths of illuminations and exposure tools using Video Spectral Comparator 6000/HS and the results are subjected to image enhancement software available therein to retrieve the naturally removed text. No chemical treatment on document is required thereby retaining the evidential value of the paper even after examination. The method is non destructive, easy to perform and gives excellent resolution of developed text irrespective of the time elapsed after printing, making it completely readable..
- Page(s): 62-66
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Kapil KumarDepartment of Forensic Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380009, India
- Parvesh SharmaDepartment of Forensic Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380009, India
- Ashesh SenDepartment of Forensic Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380009, India
- Shobhana K. MenonDepartment of Forensic Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad-380009, India
References
[1]. R. Muthyala, Chemistry and Applications of Leuco Dyes, New York / Boston / Dordrecht / London / Moscow: KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, 2002. [2]. B. Broniek and W. Knaap, "Latent Fingerprint Development on Thermal Paper Using Muriatic (Hydrochloric) Acid," Journal of Forensic Identification, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 427-432, 2002. [3]. J. T. Stimac, "Thermal & Carbonless Papers: A Fundamental Understanding for Latent Friction Ridge Development," Journal of Forensic identification, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 185-197, 2003. [4]. M. Wakefield and S. Armitage, "Development of Latent Fingerprints on Thermal Paper Using a Novel, Solvent-Free Method," Journal of Forensic Identification, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 202-213, 2005. [5]. A. Rawji and A. Beaudoin, "Oil Red O Versus Physical Developer on Wet Papers: A Comparative Study," Journal of Forensic Identification, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 33-54, 2006. [6]. R. Ma and Q. Wei, "Chemical Fuming: A Practical Method for Fingerprint Development on Thermal Paper," Journal of Forensic Identification, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 364-373, 2006. [7]. J. L. Lee, S. M. Bleay, V. G. Sears, S. Mehmet and R. Croxton, "Evaluation of the Dimethylaminocinnemaldehyde Contact Transfer Process and its Application to Fingerprint Development on Thermal Papers," Journal of Forensic Identification, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 545-568, 2009. [8]. O. P. Jasuja and G. Singh, "Development of Latent Fingermarks on thermal paper: Preliminary investigation into use of iodine fuming," Forensic Science International, vol. 192, no. 1-3, pp. e11-e16, 2009. [9]. Y.-P. Luo, Y.-B. Zhao and S. Liu, "Evaluation of DFO/PVP and its application to latent fingermarks development on thermal paper," Forensic Science International, vol. 229, no. 1-3, pp. 75-79, 2013. [10]. B. Li, "Studies on the differentiation of thermal papers and estimation of the printing age of thermal paper documents," Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 234-245, 2014. [11]. P. F. Kelly, R. S. King, S. M. Bleay and T. O. Daniel, "The recovery of latent text from thermal paper using a simple iodine treatment Procedure," Forensic Science International, vol. 217, no. 1-3, pp. e27-e30, 2012.
Kapil Kumar, Parvesh Sharma, Ashesh Sen, Shobhana K. Menon "A New Non-Destructive Method for Retrieval of Completely Removed Printed Text on Thermal Papers" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.62-66 2016
In this paper vortex generators in the form of semi circular winglets with punched hole of different diameters at centroid position in-line and staggered manner were used. These vortex generators induced stream wise longitudinal vortices which causes disruption of the growth of the thermal boundary layer and leads to enhancement of heat transfer between the air and test plate surface. For the experimentation semi circular punched 450 inclined vortex generators without hole, with holes of 3, 5 and 7mm diameters arranged at centroid position in inline and staggered manner. The heat transfer and friction factor data obtained was compared with the data obtained from flat smooth plate under similar geometric and fluid flow conditions. Measurements were carried out for a winglet transverse pitch (S) to a longitudinal winglet height (e) ratio of S/e = 0.59, and a winglet height (e) to a duct height (H) ratio of e/H = 0.24. The Reynolds numbers varied in the range from 16458 to 41147. It was observed that VGs having 5 mm diameter hole in staggered position showed increase in heat transfer by 42 % to 50.8% followed by VGs with hole of 5 mm diameter at centroid in inline position (29.7% to 32.7%) as compared to smooth plate.
- Page(s):67-72
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Ravindra F. DundeMechanical Department, Indira College of Engineering and Management, India
- Sunil B. IngoleMechanical Department, Indira College of Engineering and Management, India
References
[1]. Azita Abdollahi, Mehrzad Shams,(2015), Optimization of shape and angle of attack of winglet vortex generator in a rectangular channel for heat transfer enhancement, Applied Thermal Engineering, 81, 376-387. [2]. Xiaoze Du , Lili Feng, Li Li, Lijun Yang, Yongping Yang, (2014) Heat transfer enhancement of wavy finned flat tube by punched longitudinal vortex generators, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 75 ,368–380. [3]. Y. Chen, M. Fiebig, N.K. Mitra,(2000) Heat transfer enhancement of finned oval tubes with staggered punched longitudinal vortex generators International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 43, 417-435. [4]. S. Caliskan, (2014) Experimental investigation of heat transfer in a channel with new winglet-type vortex generators, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 78, 604–614. [5]. Guobing Zhou,Zhizheng Feng,(2014),Experimental investigations of heat transfer enhancement by plane and curved winglet type vortex generators with punched holes, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 78 , 26-35. [6]. Chunhua Min , Chengying Qi, Xiangfei Kong, Jiangfeng Dong, (2014), Experimental study of rectangular channel with modified rectangular longitudinal vortex generators, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 53, 3023–3029. [7]. S.R. Hiravennavar , E.G. Tulapurkara , G. Biswas, (2007), A note on the flow and heat transfer enhancement in a channel with built-in winglet pair, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 28,299–305. [8]. K.Torii , K.M. Kwak, K. Nishino, (2002), Heat transfer enhancement accompanying pressure-loss reduction with winglet-type vortex generators for fin-tube heat exchangers , International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer , 45,3795–3801. [9]. Wisam Abed Kattea, An Experimental Study on the Effect of Shape and Location of Vortex Generators Ahead of a Heat Exchanger, Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, Vol.8, No.2, pp. 12-29, Jan.2012. [10]. S. Tigglebeck, N.K. Mitra, M. Fiebig, (1994) Comparison of winglet type vortex generators for heat transfer enhancement in channel flow, ASME J. HeatTransfer 116 (4) 880–885. [11]. Ninad C. Maniar ,(2012) Heat transfer enhancement in a rectangular channel using vortex generator in a laminar flow, the university of Texas at Arlington.
Ravindra F. Dunde, Sunil B. Ingole "Investigations of Heat Transfer for Semi-Circular Longitudinal Vortex Generators with in Line and Staggered Holes" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.67-72 2016
LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) wireless standards which uses the standard OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) modulation, MU-MIMO (Multiuser Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology and different multipath fading models. LTE allows the operator to use spectrum more efficiently to deliver high speed data. This paper characterizes the downlink performance of LTE. The requirement for high data rate applications demanded a system to provide users with the MIMO technology which constitutes a breakthrough in wireless communication and is defined in the LTE standard. There are many metric to characterize the performance, but one of the most convenient and informative metric is the BER (Bit Error Rate). So the performance is characterized in terms of BER. In this paper the LTE system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB and the BER for 2×2 and 4×4 MIMO-LTE using QPSK modulation schemes for Rayleigh fading environment are obtained against different SNR values..
- Page(s): 73-78
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Ankita RajkhowaProject Associate, Department of ECE, Dibrugarh University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Assam, India
- Darshana KaushikProject Fellow, Department of ECE, Dibrugarh University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Assam, India
- Bhargab Jyoti SaikiaAsst. Professor, Department of ECE, Dibrugarh University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Assam, India
- Parismita GogoiAsst. Professor, Department of ECE, Dibrugarh University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Assam, India
[1] Dr Houman Zarrinkoub, Understanding LTE with Matlab® From Mathematical Modeling to Simulation and Prototyping, Wiley, 2014. [2] B. Sklar, Digital Communication, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, Second Edition, 2008. [3] S. Haykin, Communications Systems, Second Edition, Wiley, 1983. [4] J. Proakis, Digital Communication, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2007. [5] A. Goldsmith, ―Wireless Communication‖, Cambridge University Press, 2005. [6] T.S. Rappaport, "Wireless Communications-Principles and Practice", Pearson Education 1997. [7] R. U. Nabar A. J. Paulraj, D. A. Gore and H. B¨olcskei, ―An overview of MIMO communications-- a key to gigabit wireless,‖ Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 198–218, Feb. 2004. [8] Brian Stetler," Maximizing LTE Performance Through MIMO Optimization" White paper, Gadgetwise (blog), New York Times, January 7, 2011. [9] C. Cox, "An Introduction to LTE, LTE-advanced, SAE , VoLTE and 4G mobile communications", Second Edition, Wiley, 2014. [10] Juho. Lee, Jin-Kyu Han and Jianzhong (Charlie) Zhang, "Review Article MIMO Technologies in 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced", Hindwai Publishing Corporation, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, Volume 2009. [11] P. Gogoi, R. Borah, A. Sarma, B. Saikia, "On The Evolution of Downlink Physical Layer in multi-antenna 3GPP LTE / LTE-A: A review ",2015 International Symposium on Advanced Computing and Communication. [12] M. K. Simon, M.-Slim Alouini, ―Digital Communication over Fading Channels,‖ 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2005. [13] D. Kaushik, R. Borah, P. Gogoi, "3GPP LTE Downlink PHY transceiver using Closed-loop Spatial Multiplexing in Frequency Selective Fading Environment",International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 134 – No.12, January 2016.
Ankita Rajkhowa, Darshana Kaushik, Bhargab Jyoti Saikia, Parismita Gogoi "Performance Analysis of MIMO over MIMO-LTE for QPSK Considering Rayleigh Fading Distribution" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.73-78 2016
Due to wide change in input of solar where converters fail to do proper conversion of power. So there is a need of a converter which works in wide input range with boosted output in high ratio. This paper presents a converter with high boost ratio with voltage multiplier circuit in the output and the boost converter as input with interleaved operation. The performance is analyzed with MATLAB simulation. The open loop prototype is presented in this paper.
- Page(s): 79-84
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- ManjunathM.Tech 4th SEM Reva Institute of Technology and Management Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Divya B VAssistant Professor, Dept of EEE Reva Institute of Technology and Management Bangalore, Karnataka, India
References
[1]. European Renewable Energy Council [Online]. Available: http://www.erec.org/fileadmin/erec_docs/Documents/Publications/Renewable_Energy_Technology_Roadmap.pdf, Renewable Energy Technology Roadmap 20% by 2020 [Online]. [2]. H. J. Bergveld, D. Büthker, C. Castello, T. S. Doorn, A. de Jong, R. vanOtten, and K. de Waal, “Module-Level DC/DC conversion for photovoltaic systems,” Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC) IEEE, pp. 1-9, October 2011. [3]. L. Linares, R.W. Erickson, S. MacAlpine, and M. Brandemuehl, “Improved energy capture in series string Photovoltaic via smart distributed power electronics,” 24th AppliedPower Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), pp. 904-910, February 2009. [4]. Y.J.A. Alcazar, D. de Souza Oliveria, Jr., F.L. Tofoli, and R.P. Torrico-Bascopé, “DC–DC nonisolated boost converter based on the Three-State Switching cell and voltage multiplier cells,” in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, October 2013, pp. 4438-4449. [5]. Y. Zhang, J. Sun, and Y. Wang, “Hybrid boost Three-Level DC–DC converter with high voltage gain for photovoltaic generationsystem,” in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 8, August 2013. [6]. L.H.S.C Barreto, P.P. Praça, G.A.L Henn, R.N.A.L Silva and D. S. Oliveira, “Single stage high voltage gain boost converter with voltage multiplier cells for battery charging using photovoltaic panels,” 27th Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), pp. 364-368, February 2012. [7]. S. Lee, P. Kim, and S. Choi, “High step-up soft-switched converters using voltage multiplier cells,” in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 28, no. 7, July 2013, pp. 3379-3387. [8]. J. C. Rosas-Caro, J. M. Ramirez, F. Z. Pens, and A. Valderrabano, “A DC-DC multilevel boost converter,” in IET Power Electronics, vol. 3, January 2010, pp. 129-137. [9]. M. Prudente, L. L. Pfitscher, G. Emmendoerfer, E. F. Romaneli, and R. Gules, “Voltage multiplier cells applied to non-isolated DC-DC converter,” in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, March 2008, pp. 871-887. [10]. U. Chatterjee, J. Driesen, “Intra-Module DC-DC converter: topology selection and analysis,” 28th European PV Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC), pp. 3419-3423, September 2013. [11]. U. Chatterjee, R. Gelagaev, A. Masolin, and J. Driesen, “Design of an Intra-module DC-DC converter for PV application: designconsiderations and prototype,” 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON) 2014, pp. 2017-2022, October 2014.
Manjunath, Divya B V "Wide PV Input High Step-Up Converter" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.79-84 2016
The proposed design of Borosilicate Crown Glass Honeycomb photonic crystal fiber is for minimizing the chromatic dispersion. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method and transparent boundary condition (TBC) is used to propose this design. To simulate this design we use optifdtd software. This method produced minimum dispersion at 1.9μm of 0.5μm diameter and 3 μm pitch. Such PCF have high potential to be used as a dispersion compensating fiber in optical window. The refractive index calculated with this method is equal to the conventional borosilicate i.e. 1.5168.
- Page(s): 85-87
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Kiran RathoreM.Tech. Scholar, GITS, Udaipur, India
- Anurag PaliwalAssistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GITS, Udaipur, India
- Sunil SharmaAssistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Pacific University, Udaipur, India
References
[1]. Vineet Agrawal, Ravindra Kumar Sharma, Ashish Mittal,” Designing The Properties of Zero Dispersion Photonic Crystal Fiber With Concentric Missing Ring” IJECT vol.- 4, Issue Spl - 4, Pp88-90, April - June 2013. [2]. Naveen Kumar Jain, Ravindra Kumar Sharma, Anurag Paliwal, “Simulation of Borosilicate Crown glass Photonic Crystal Fibers with Flattened Chromatic Dispersion”, International Journal of Modern Communication Technologies & Research (IJMCTR) ISSN: 2321-0850, Volume-1, Issue-10, pp 4-7, December 2013. [3]. Er. Mahesh Chand, Er. Sandhya Sharma, Er. Ravindra Kumar Sharma “Demonstration of Chromatic Dispersion in Borosilicate Crown Glass Microstructure Optical Fiber” International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) Vol.2, Issue.4, July-Aug. 2012 pp-2591-2593 ISSN: 2249-6645 [4]. Sunil Sharma, Ravindra Kumar Sharma, Kirti Vyas, “Novel Design of Honeycomb Photonic Crystal Fiber with nearly zero flattened Chromatic Dispersion”, ICCSP 13.
Kiran Rathore, Anurag Paliwal, Sunil Sharma "Borosilicate Crown Glass Honeycomb Photonic Crystal Fiber for Minimizing the Chromatic Dispersion" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.85-87 2016
This is comprehensive summary of a research work representing the assessment done to evaluate comparative performance of three different Alkali-Activated Fly Ash Geopolymer prepared with the conjunctional reaction of KOH & Na2SiO3 as prime activators, and also keeping the ratio of activator constant for the three cases of Fly Ash. Corresponding tests like (Comprehensive Strength test, Water Absorption test, Sorptivity and Density-Void test) were performed and the test data were used to identify the properties of the resultant Alkali-Based Fly Ash Polymer Concrete in hardened states.
- Page(s): 88-93
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Rishove DuttaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Supreme Knowledge Foundation Group of Institution, Mankundu, West Bengal, India
- Prasenjit SahaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Supreme Knowledge Foundation Group of Institution, Mankundu, West Bengal, India
- Sagnik BarmaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Supreme Knowledge Foundation Group of Institution, Mankundu, West Bengal, India
- D. DuttaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Camellia School of Engineering & Technology, Barasat, Kol-124, West Bengal, India
- Dr. T. G. BiswasDepartment of Civil Engineering, Supreme Knowledge Foundation Group of Institution, Mankundu, West Bengal, India
References
[1] L. Krishnan, S. Karthikeyan, S. Nathiya, K. Suganya, “GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE AN ECO-FRIENDLY CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL”, IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308. [2] Debabrata Dutta, Dr. Somnath Ghosh, “Effect of activator solution on compressive strength of fly ash geopolymer blended with slag”, Debabrata Dutta Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 12( Part 2), December 2014, pp.72-76. [3-5] D. Sabith, J. K. Dattatreya, N. Sakthivel, M. Bhuvaneshwari and S. A. Jaffer Sathik.”Reactivity, workability and strength of potassium versus sodium-activated high volume fly ash-based geopolymers. [6] B.V. Rangan, Low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, in: E.G. Nawy(Ed.), Concrete Construction Engineering Handbook, second edition, CRC Press,New York, 2007. [7] P. Duxson, A. Fernandez-Jimenez, J.L. Provis, G.C. Lukey, A. Palomo, J.S.J. vanDeventer, Geopolymer technology: the current state of the art, J. Mater. Sci. 42(2007) 2917–2933. [8] D. Sabitha, J. K. Dattatreya, N. Sakthivel, M. Bhuvaneshwari and S. A. Jaffer Sathik, Reactivity, workability and strength of potassium versus sodium-activated high volume fly ash-based geopolymers” CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 103, NO. 11, 10 DECEMBER 2012. [9] Debabrata Dutta, Somnath Ghosh, “Microstructure of Fly Ash Geopolymer Paste with Blast Furnace Slag”, ACE Vol. 2, Issue 3 Jul.2014 PP. 95-191. www.cace.org American V-King Scientific Publishing.
Rishove Dutta, Prasenjit Saha, Sagnik Barma, D. Dutta, Dr. T. G. Biswas "Characteristic Variations in Different Fly Ash Geopolymers, Activated with Conjunctive Approach of K2O and Na2O Activator in a Constant Ratio" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.88-93 2016
A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is self organized, self configured and infrastructure-less collection of mobile nodes connected without wire. A mobile node can act as a host and router to forward the packets to other nodes in Network. We focus on Routing Protocols; there are two types of routing protocols in MANETs Proactive and Reactive. Protocols are designed with certain mobility scenario to achieve effective and optimized routing. In this paper we test routing performance of two different routing protocols (AODV and DSDV) with respect to various mobility models using NS2 simulator. Comparison is done on performance metrics such as Throughput, Packet delivery fraction (PDF) and Average end to end delay (AEED).
- Page(s): 94-96
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Stalin Babu GAssistant Professor Department of CSE Aditya Institute of Technology & Management, Tekkali, India
- Santosh Raju DSr. Assistant Professor, Department of CSE Aditya Institute of Technology & Management, Tekkali, India
References
[1] D. Djenouri, N. Badache. On Eliminating Packet Droppers in MANET: A Modular Solution, Ad hoc Networks Journal, Vol 7, Issue 6, pp 1243–1258, Elsevier Publisher, August 2009. [2] Mario Joa-Ng and I-Tai Lu. "A peer-to-peer two-level link state routing for mobile ad-hoc wireless network". The special issue on Wireless Ad Hoc Networks of IEEE JSAC, Vol. 17, No. 8, pp.1415-1425, Aug. 1999. [3] Zygmunt J. Haas, Marc R. Pearlman, Prince Samar: The Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) for Ad Hoc Networks, Internet Draft, work in progress, July 2002. [4] Yih-Chun Hu, David B. Johnson, David A. Maltz: Flow State in the Dynamic Source Routing Protocol Internet Draft, work in progress, June 2001 [5] David B. Johnson, David A. Maltz: Dynamic Source Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Mobile Computing, Thomasz Imielinski and Hank Korth (Editors), Vol. 353, Chapter 5, pp. 153–181, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996 [6] W. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan and H. Balakrishnan., "An Application-Specific Protocol Architecture for Wireless Microsensor Networks", IEEE Trans. Wireless Communications, Vol. 1, No.4, October 2002, pp.660-670. [7] Jhaveri, R.H.; Patel, N.M. (2015). "Mobile Ad-hoc Networking with AODV: A Review". International Journal of Next-Generation Computing 6 (3): 165–191. [8] W. B. Heinzelman. “Application-Specific Protocol Architectures for Wireless Networks”. PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, June 2000 [9] Perkins, C.; Belding-Royer, E.; Das, S. (July 2003). Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF. RFC 3561.
Stalin Babu G, Santosh Raju D "Performance Analysis of Proactive, Reactive Protocols in MANET’s" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.94-96 2016
In a world of increasing energy demand, it is imperative to come up with innovative solutions to reduce and conserve energy use. There is a significant interest in creating an environmentally friendly system that will save money on electricity and maximize the cost return on investment for solar panels. The photovoltaic industry continues to strive to create efficient and inexpensive systems that can be competitive with other energy sources. The irradiation and temperature are not stable for a PV panel, therefore the electricity generations of the PV panel is not stable. So the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used to give the highest power to the loads or batteries. The MPPT process with Perturb and Observe method is performed with a power electronic circuit and it overcomes the problem of voltage mismatch between the PV panels and the batteries/loads. In this study, an Arduino Nano (microcontroller) is employed to develop battery charge control system for PV panels. The proposed system is composed of an Arduino Nano, sensors, synchronous buck converter, a Wi-Fi module (ESP8266), USB charging circuit, PV panel and battery. The program of all circuitry is embedded within the microcontroller.
- Page(s): 97-101
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Aniket UjawaneMtech Student, Department Electrical Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India
- Prof. P. B. BoroleAssociate Professor Department Electrical Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India
References
[1] V. V. Tyagi, N. Rahim, N. a. Rahim, and J. Selvaraj, "Progress inSolar PV Technology: Research and Achievement," IEEE, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 20, pp. 443-461, Apr. 2013. [2] M. Liserre, T. Sauter, and J. Y. Hung, "Future energy systems: Integrating renewable energy sources into the smart power grid through industrial electronics," IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 18- 37, Mar.2010. [3] S. Jain and V. Agarwal, "Comparison of the performance of Maximum Power Point Tracking schemes applied to single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic systems," IET Electr. Power Appl., vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 753- 762, Sep. 2007. [4] S. Alsadi and B. Alsayid, "Maximum power point tracking simulation for photovoltaic systems using perturb and observe algorithm," International Journl of Engg, 2012. [5] Rana Ahmed, A.K. Abdelsalam, A. Namaan, Y.G. Dessouky, N.K. Mâ˘A ´ ZSirdi, "Improved Performance State-Flow Based Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique," IEEE, Renewable Power Generation Conference (RPG 2014), 3rd, 24-25 Sept. 2014, pp. 1-5. [6] T. Lopez and R. Elferich, "Quantification of power MOSFET losses in a synchronous buck converter," in Proc. IEEE Appl. Power Electron. Conf., 2007, pp. 1594-1600.. [7] "LC Selection Guide for the DC-DC Synchronous Buck Converter." Application note # AND9135/D. ON Semiconductor. [8] Somali Surawdhaniwar and Mr. Rithes Diwan, "Study of Maximum Power Point Tracking using Perturb and Tracking method," International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology (IJARCET), Volume 1, Issue 5, July 2012. [9] Ali Chermitti, Omar Boukli-Hacene, Bencherif Mohamed, "Improvement of the Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm in Photovoltaic System under Rapidly Changing Climatic Conditions," International Journal of Computer Applications (0975-8887), Volume 56- No.12, October 2012.
Aniket Ujawane, Prof. P. B. Borole "Design and Implementation of Solar Charge Controller with MPPT Algorithm Using Synchronous Buck Converter: Arduino Based" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.97-101 2016
This project aims to develop an efficient robot using a laser pointer for a library management system. The gestures of the robot are designed by its body movements. The robot is predesigned with the estimation results of human behavior and is capable of receiving the user request and pointing the required book using a pointer thereby, the body and head turns towards the targeted book. On the other hand a target cannot always be pointed directly by the laser pointer as other obstructions may be some present in the location. To avoid this, an efficient integrated system is designed using three types of guidance for the library environment. Java1.5, Java Swing and Java speech software along with embedded systems developed with C program and Hypertec software were used to design the robot. Here the communication is achieved through Wi-Fi with the transmitter in the system and the receiver in the battery operated robot. A voice recognizer is used to search the data from record. However, the voice recognizer can obtain only the dictionary word, the pronunciation should match with the searching name. This robotic system works efficiently and the experimental results are validated effectively.
- Page(s): 102-104
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- K. Suresh KumarLibrarian, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai – 600 123, India
References
[1]. Brian R. Duffy, ‘Fundamental Issues in Affective Intelligent social Machines’, The open Artificial Intelligence Journal, ISSN: 1874-0618, Volume 2(14), pp. 21-34 2008. [2]. Asimov, Issac (1964). ‘Introduction. The Rest of the Robots’, Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-09041-2. [3]. T. W. Fong, I. Nourbakhsh, I, K. Dautenhahn,‘A Survey of Socially Interactive Robots: Concepts, Design, and Applications’, Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 42(3 – 4), pp 142 – 166, 2003. [4]. C. Breazeal, ‘Towards sociable robots’, Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 42(3-4), pp. 167-175, 2003. [5]. Arumugaraja.M, GugaPriya B, Soundarya.M, ‘THE LIBRARY MANAGEMENT ROBOT’, International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science, Volume 3 Issue 3, pp. 5008-5012, 2014. [6]. Roland Siegwart, Illah R. Nourbakhsh, and Davide Scaramuzza, ‘ Introduction to Autonomous Mobile Robots’, second edition, The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England, 2004.
K. Suresh Kumar "Online Library Management Using Voice Recognizer Robot System" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.102-104 2016
In this paper a design of automaton for a couch control of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner has been proposed. The lateral axis movement is added as per requirement for future patient positioning in MRI scanner. The principle of supervisory control theory is used along with supervisory controller to model the patient couch. The Supervisory Control Synthesis permits automatic generation of the supervisory controller. The analysis of the combined mathematical model and its control requirements of the uncontrolled system for three different axis movement vertical axis, longitudinal axis and lateral axis. The state diagram model of control requirements and motor sensor relationship along with three different axis is verified using LabVIEW software. The simulated results shows improvement in the patient couch system.
- Page(s): 105-108
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Samadhan P. GosaviElectrical Engineering Department Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute Mumbai-400076, India
- R. A. PatilElectrical Engineering Department Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute Mumbai-400076, India
- S. S. YavalkarTechnology Innovation Division (TID) SAMEER, IIT Campus Powai Mumbai-400019, India
- R. HarshTechnology Innovation Division (TID) SAMEER, IIT Campus Powai Mumbai-400019, India
References
[1]. W. M. Wonham, “Supervisory Control of Discrete-Event Systems,”Toronto, ON, Canada: Dept. Elect. Comput. Eng., Univ. Toronto, 2012. [2]. R. J. M. Theunissen, M. Petreczky, R. R. H. Schiffelers, D. A. van Beek,and J. E. Rooda, “Application of Supervisory Control Synthesis to aPatient Support Table of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanner,”IEEETransaction on automation science and engineering, vol. 11, NO. 1, pp.20-32, 2014. [3]. R. J. M. Theunissen; R. R. H. Schiffelers; D. A. van Beek; J. E. Rooda. “Supervisory control synthesis for a patient support system,”Proceedingsof the European Control Conference, WeBPo.4, pp. 4647-4652, 2009. [4]. R.J.M.Theunissen, “Supervisory Control Synthesis in the medical domain,”Views on evalvability of Embedded Systems, 2010. [5]. J. Liu and H. Darabi, “Ramadge-Wonham supervisory control of mobilerobots: Lessons from practice,”in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robot. Autom.,vol. 1, pp. 670-675, 2002. [6]. A. Hellgren, M. Fabian, and B. Lennartson, “Modular implementation of discrete event systems as sequential function charts applied to an assembly cell,”in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Control Appl., pp. 453-458, 2001. [7]. “National Instruments,”www.ni.com"
Samadhan P. Gosavi, R. A. Patil, S. S. Yavalkar, R. Harsh "Design and Development of Automaton for a Couch Control System of an MRI Scanner" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.105-108 2016
There are many types of governors. Watt governor is the simplest form of governors. It is known that the watt governor has low speed range because in watt governor controlling force is less. To improve the range various governor was invented some of them are Porter governor, Proell governor & Hartnell governor in the mentioned the controlling force is increased by dead weight on the sleeve in Porter & Proell governor and by spring in Hartnell governor. In the current investigation watt governor is modified such that it increases the controlling force .in modification the fly-ball is fixed on the lower arm at the small distance below from the point of intersection of arms. The analysis is carried out by mounting the flyball at the various positions on the lower arm.
- Page(s): 109-112
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Sumit KumarAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, D.V.S.I.E.T Meerut (UP), India
- Rajeev KumarAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, D.V.S.I.E.T Meerut (UP), India
- Harish KumarAssistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, D.V.S.I.E.T Meerut (UP), India
References
[1]. http://www.ignou.ac.in/upload/Unit-5-56.pdf [2]. THEORY OF MACHINES, Third Edition by S .S RATTAN, with Tata McGraw Hill Education (p) L.t.d [3]. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 5, Issue 2, February 2015 1 ISSN 2250-3153.
Sumit Kumar, Rajeev Kumar, Harish Kumar "Analysis & Investigation on Watt Governor to Improve the Speed Range of the Governor" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.109-112 2016
Pre-Processing and Segmentation Techniques are used in the application of medical images. Image segmentation is a tediousprocess due to restrictions on Image acquisitions. The most important goal of medical image segmentation is to perform operations on images to detect patterns and to retrieve information from it. In this paper, first medical image processing is discussed. Then we have been proposed approaches to segment CT and CXR images. The comparative study of various image processing techniques has been given in tabular form. This survey provides details of automated segmentation methods, specifically discussed in the context of CT images. The motive is to discuss the problems encountered in the segmentation of CT images, and the relative merits and limitations of methods currently available for segmentation of medical images.
- Page(s): 113-120
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- R. Beaulah JeyavathanaAssistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India
- Dr. R.BalasubramanianProfessor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
- A. Anbarasa PandianResearch Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India
References
[1]. T. Abak, U. Bariş and B. Sankur, „„the performance of thresholding algorithms for optical character recognition,‟‟Intl. Conf. Document Anal. Recog. ICDAR‟97,pp. 697–700~1997. [2]. Ahmed, M. N., Yamany, S. M., Mohamed, N., Farag, A. A., & Moriarty, T. (2002). A modified fuzzy c-means algorithm for estimation and segmentation of MRI data. Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on, 21(3), 1993. [3]. Alamgir Nyma,1 Myeongsu Kang,1 Yung-Keun Kwon,1 Cheol-Hong Kim,2 and Jong-Myon Kim, “Hybrid methods for medical image segmentation” Journal of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyVolume 2012 (2012) [4]. Anisha Bhatia, “Salt-And-Pepper Noise Elimination in Medical Image Based On Median Filter Method‟, International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Data Communication, ISSN: 2320-2084, Volume 1, Issue 6, August 2013. [5]. A. Asuncion and D. J. Newman, UCI Machine Learning Repository Irvine, CA: University of California, School of Information and Computer Science, 2013. [6]. Bankman, I. (Ed.). (2008). Handbook of medical image processing and analysis. Academic press. [7]. Bezdek, J. C., Ehrlich, R., & Full, W. (1984). FCM: The fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. Computers and Geosciences, Analysis of Medical Image Segmentation Techniques 1993. [8]. Bhattacharya, M., & Das, A. (2007, September). Fuzzy logic based segmentation of micro calcification in breast using digital mammograms considering multiresolution. In Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference, 2007. IMVIP 2007. International (pp. 98{105). IEEE. [9]. Bo Peng, Lei Zhang, and David Zhang, “A Survey of Graph Theoretical Approaches to Image Segmentation”. [10]. Brzakovic, D., Luo, X. M., and Brzakovic, P. (1990). An approach to automated detection of tumors in mammograms. Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on, 9(3), 233-241. [11]. Y. Chang, X. Li, “Adaptive Image Region growing”, IEEE Trans. On Image Processing, Vol. 3, No. 6, 1994. [12]. Cheng, H. D., Shi, X. J., Min, R., Hu, L. M., Cai, X. P. and Du, H. N. (2006). Approaches for automated detection and classification of masses in mammograms. Pattern recognition, 39(4), 646-668. [13]. Chikako Abe and Tetsuya Shimamura , “Iterative Edge - Preserving Adaptive Wiener Filter for Image Denoising”, International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 4, August 2012. [14]. Christian Wachinger, Karl Fritscher, Greg Sharp, and Polina Golland ,”Contour-Driven Atlas-Based Segmentation”IEEE Transactions On Medical Imaging, Vol. 34, No. 12, December 2015. [15]. Davatzikos C, Bryan RN. “Using a deformable surface model to obtain a shape representation of the cortex”. IEEE Trans MedImaging1996; 15:785–795. [16]. L. Dongju and Y. Jian, “Otsu method and k -means,” in Hybrid Intelligent Systems, 2009. HIS ‟09. Ninth International Conference on, vol. 1, 2009, pp. 344–349. [17]. Gulsrud, T. O., Engan, K., &Hanstveit, T. (2006, January). Watershed segmentation of detected masses in digital mammograms. In Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2005. IEEE-EMBS 2005. 27th Annual International Conference of the (pp. 3304{3307). IEEE. [18]. Hamid Hassanpour, NajmehSamadiani, “Using morphological transforms to enhance the contrast of medical images” The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Volume 46, Issue 2, June 2015, Pages 481–489. [19]. Huang, Y. L. and Chen, D. R. (2004). Watershed segmentation for breast tumor in 2-D sonography. Ultrasound medicine and biology, 30(5), 625-632. [20]. IlatulFerdouse et al., “Simulation and performance analysis of Adaptive filtering algorithms in noise cancellation”, IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 8, Issue 1, January 2011. [21]. D. Jayadevappa, S. Srinivas Kumar, and D. S. Murty, “A Hybrid Segmentation Model based on Watershed and Gradient Vector Flow for the Detection of Brain Tumor” International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Vol. 2, No.3, September 2009. [22]. JiZhao, Lina Zhang, Minmin Yin, “Medical Image Segmentation Based on Wavelet Analysis and Gradient Vector Flow”, Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 2014, 7, 1019-1030. [23]. R.Karthik Manoj, “Removal of Impulse Noise Using Adaptive Weighted Median Filter”, Indian Journal of science and technology”,DOI:10.17485/ijst/2014/v7iS6/62679. [24]. Kaganami, H. G., &Beiji, Z. (2009, September). Region-based segmentation versus edge detection. In Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, 2009. IIH-MSP'09. Fifth International Conference on (pp.1217 -1221). IEEE. [25]. W. X. Kang, Q. Q. Yang, R. R. Liang, “The Comparative Research on Image Segmentation Algorithms”, IEEE Conference on ETCS, pp. 703-707, 2009. [26]. Kim Le, “A Design of A Computer-Aided Diagnostic Tool For Chest X-Ray Analysis”, International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT), Vol 3, No 2, April 2011. [27]. D Krstinic, AK Skelin, I Slapnicar,”Fast two-step histogram-based image segmentation”, on, IET, 2013. [28]. Kupinski, M. A., &Geiger, M. L. (1998). Automated seeded lesion segmentation on digital mammograms. Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on, 17(4), 510-51. [29]. Li, H. D., Kallergi, M., Clarke, L. P., Jain, V. K. and Clark, R. A. (1995). Markov random for tumor detection in digital mammography. Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on, 14(3), 565-576. [30]. I.Mitsuru, M. Reiko and I. Kuniharu,“A new evaluation method for image noise reduction and usefulness of the spatially adaptive wavelet thresholding method for CT images”, Australasian Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine, vol. 35, no. 4, (2012), pp.475-483. [31]. Moghaddam, M. J., &Soltanian-Zadeh, H. (2011). Medical Image Segmentation Using Artificial Neural Networks.INTECH Open Access Publisher. [32]. Nameirakpam, Dhanachandra, umanthem Manglem and Yambem JinaChanu, “Image Segmentation using-means Clustering Algorithm and Subtractive Clustering Algorithm” Eleventh International Multi-Conference on Information Processing-2015 (IMCIP-2015). [33]. S. H. Ong; K. W. C. Foong; P. S. Goh“Medical Image Segmentation Using K-Means Clustering and Improved Watershed Algorithm” Image Analysis and Interpretation, 2006. [34]. Pal et. al., 1993] A Review on Image Segmentation Techniques, Pattern Recognition Society, Britain, volume 26, No. 9, pp. 1274. [35]. D. L. Pham and J. L. Prince, “Adaptive fuzzy segmentation of magnetic resonance images,” IEEE Trans. Med. Image., 1999. International Congress Series (Vol.1069, pp. 375{378). [36]. Pham, D. L., Xu, C., & Prince, J. L. (2000). Current methods in medical image segmentation 1. Annual review of biomedical engineering, 2(1), 315-337. [37]. S.Raghu and Dr. Lakshmi Rajamani, “ASurvey on Neural Network based Automatic Segmentation of Brain MRI”, International Journal of Research and Applications” 2(7):351-357. [38]. Rangayyan, R. M. (2004). Biomedical image analysis. CRC press. [39]. Rupinder Singh, Jarnail Singh, Preetkamal Sharma, Sudhir Sharma., Edge Based Region Growing. IJCTA | July-August 2011. [40]. Mr. Salem Saleh Al-amri(2010),Linear and Non-linear Contrast Enhancement Image, IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.10 No.2, February 2010. [41]. Shameena, N., &Rahna Jabbar, T. (2011). Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing: A practical approach with examples in Matlab. John Wiley & Sons. [42]. Song, E., Jiang, L., Jin, R., Zhang, L., Yuan, Y., & Li, Q. (2009). Breast mass segmentation in mammography using plane and dynamic programming. Academic radiology, 16(7), 826-835. [43]. Dr. A. Sri Krishna, “Contrast Enhancement techniques using histogram equalization methods on color images with poor lighting” International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications (IJCSEA) Vol.3, No.4, August 2013 DOI: 10.5121/ijcsea.2013.340215 [44]. Suckling, J., Parker, J., Dance, D., Astley, S., Hutt, I., Boggis, C. Savage, J. (1994, July). The mammographic image analysis society digital mammogram database. In Exerpta Medica. [45]. TamalikaChaira, “Intuitionistic fuzzy color clustering of human cell images on different color models”, Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology - Hybrid approaches for approximate reasoning archive volume 23, Issue 2,3 March 2012, pages 43-51. [46]. Valverde, F. L., Guil, N., &Munoz, J. (2004). Segmentation of vessels from mammograms using a deformable model. Computer methods and programs in biomedicine, 73(3), 233-247. [47]. Miss.Komal R.Hole, Application of Genetic Algorithm for Image Enhancement and Segmentation, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2013..
R. Beaulah Jeyavathana, Dr. R.Balasubramanian, A. Anbarasa Pandian "A Survey: Analysis on Pre-processing and Segmentation Techniques for Medical Images" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.113-120 2016
Wireless voltage receivers can be added in series to get high voltage. Two volts which is received by the wireless receiver can be added with another two volts which is received by another wireless receiver by connecting them in series and four volts can be produced. These four volts can be used to charge a battery of a mobile phone wirelessly. Similarly, the voltage receiver circuits can be added in series to get high voltage for similar applications..
- Page(s): 121-123
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- B.PrabakaranAssistant Professor-EEE, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Sri Shakthi Nagar, L&T By-Pass, Chinniyampalayam, Post, Coimbatore-641062, India
- C.VivekanandanProfessor-EEE, SNS College of Engineering, SNS Kalvi Nagar, Sathy Main Road (Opp.CRI Pumps), Kurumbapalayam (Po), S.S.Kulam (via), Coimbatore-641107, India
References
[1]. "Wireless energy transfer". Encyclopedia of terms. PC Magazine Ziff-Davis. 2014. Retrieved December 15, 2014. [2]. New Scientist: Wireless charging for electric vehicles hits the road [3]. “Microwave power Transmission”,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave_transmission [4]. T.Thyagarajan, ”Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering”, SciTech publications(India) pvt.ltd.,2011 [5]. “FM Slope Detector Demodulator”,http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/rf-technology-design/fm-reception/fm-slope-detector-discriminator.php
B.Prabakaran, C.Vivekanandan "Wireless Charger – A Review" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.121-123 2016
Gearing is a special component of mechanical engineering concerned with transmission of power and motion between rotating shafts. Gears are preferred when it is required to have a positive drive with constant angular velocity. To maintain this, the mating profiles most remain perfect involutes during transmission. In this paper gear design for a standard Helical gear tooth was carried out by creating a C-Program. Based on the design parameters, the gear tooth was modeled. Analysis was carried out for two different materials sintered and steel . Sintered Helical gears are manufactured through powder metallurgy process by blending, briquetting, sintering, repressing, infiltrating and heat treating the suitable combinations of alloy metal powders.
- Page(s): 124-127
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Dr. Balambica .VAssociate Professor. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research- BU., Tamilnadu State- India
- Er. Vishwa DeepakAssistant Professor.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, GKM College of Engineering and Technology, Tamilnadu State- India
References
[1]. Dr T.J.Prabhu, Design Of Transmission Elements. [2]. Chang Et Al., A Finite Element Stress Analysis Of Spur Gears Including Fillets Radii And Rim Thickness Effects, ASME Journal Of Mechanisms, Transmission And Automation In Design. [3]. Kousaku Ohno And Naoyuki Tanaka, Contact Stress Analysis For Helical Gear With 3-DimensionaLl model” [4]. Gitin M Maitra,Hand Book of Gear Design 2nd Edition Tata Mc- Grawhill Book Company Ltd. [5]. Shigley Joseph Edward.,Theory of Machines, 2nd Edition, Tata Mc-Grawhill Book Company Inc. [6]. Buckingham’s,1949, Analytical Mechanics of Gears,Mcgrawhill, London. [7]. Ravichandra Pattchigolla and Yesh P.Singh,”Finite element analysis of large spur gear tooth and rim with and without web effects- Part-I,Proceedings of the ASEE gulf southwest annual conference,southern university and A& M college. [8]. Sorin Cananau., 2003,3D Contact analysis for spur gears, National Tribology Conference, ISSN 1221-4590. [9]. M.Beghini, F.Presicce,C.Santus,A method to define profile modification of spur gear and minimize transmission error,ISBN:1-55589-826-2Pages:11. [10]. C.Spitas and V.Spitas,2007,A FEM study of the bending strength of circular fillet gear teeth compared to trochoidal fillets produced with enlarged cutter tip radius, Mechanics based design of Structures and Machines, ISSN1539-7734 Print. [11]. Ivana Atanasovska,2007, Influence of stiffness and base pitch deviation on load distribution between tooth Pairs and Involute gear load capacity,Machine Design. [12]. Dr. Ir H.G.H Van Melick,2007 Tooth bending effects in plastic spur gears, www.geartechnology.com [13]. Th .Costopoulas, V.Spitas,2007, Reduction of gear fillet stresses by using one sided involute asymmetric teeth ,Mechanisms & machine Theory,vol 44,no.8,p.1524-1534
Dr. Balambica .V, Er. Vishwa Deepak "Comparison Analysis of Static Stresses in Standard and Sintered Steel Helical Gears" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.124-127 2016
In this paper, we have study existing resource utilization method proposed in literature and presented the comparative version. We observed that, in the existing scheme the estimation period is approximately calculated for estimation of reservation bandwidth in the OBS network. However, if the reservation bandwidth is calculated based on arrival traffic intensity rather than fix estimation value, the efficient use of resource can be gain with minimum delay and lower blocking ratio. We proposed a model where in by varying the estimation duration with respect to change in the arrival rate at the burst generation stage, hence the optimal bandwidth allocation is realized. The comparison of proposed scheme with approximate model shows that our scheme perform better under smaller size of burst load and extremely better under higher size of burst for minimum bandwidth utilization in the OBS network.
- Page(s): 128-132
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Dilip H. PatelResearch Scholar, C. U. Shah University, Gujarat, India
- Dr. Ved Vyash DwivediVice Chancellor, C U Shah University, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India
- Dr. Kiritkumar BhattProfessor, Electronics and Communication Department, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Technology, India
References
[1]. C. Qiao and M. Yoo. ”Optical burst switching (OBS)- a new paradigm for an Optical Internet”. Journal of High Speed Networks, vol. 8, issue 1, pages 69-84, January 1999. [2]. M.A. Aydin, T. Atmaca, O.C. Turna, H. Zaima, T. Eido “A performance comparison of OPS with variable-size packets and OBS” Optical Switching and Networking vol. 7, pp 85–94 , 2010. [3]. Amit Kumar Garg “A Novel Hybrid Approach for Efficient Network Utilization of OBS” International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications Vol. 6, No. 1, pp 47- 60 ,2012. [4]. Lisong Xu George Rouskas. “Emerging Optical Network Technologies: Architectures, Protocols, and Performance”, Chapter Optical Packet Switching, pages 111-127. Springer, 2004. [5]. T.Battestilli and Harry Perros, “An introduction to OBS”, IEEE Optical Communications , August 2003 [6]. V.M. Vokkarane, J.P. Jue, and S. Sitaraman. “Burst segmentation: an approach for reducing packet loss in optical burst switched networks”. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), vol. 5, pages 2673–2677, April 2002. [7]. Sungchang Kim, Namook Kim, and Minho Kang. “Contention resolution for optical burst switching networks using alternative routing”. IEEE International Conference on Communications, vol 37, pages 2678 -2681, 2009. [8]. Ilia Baldine, George Rouskas, Harry Perros, and Dan Stevenson. “Jumpstart: A just-in time signaling architecture for WDM burst-switched networks”. IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 40, issue 2, pages 82 - 89, 2002. . [9]. D. Tafani, C. McArdle, and L. P. Barry, "A two-moment performance analysis of optical burst switched networks with shared fiber delay lines in a feedback configuration, " Journal of Optical Switching Network, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 323–335, Nov. 2012. [10]. Ching-Fang Hsu, Te-Lung Liu, and Nen-Fu Huang. “On the defection routing in QoS supported optical burst-switched networks”. IEEE International Conference on Com munications, vol. 34, pages 2786-2789, 2010. [11]. I. Chlamtac, A. Fumagalli, and C.-J. Suh.” Multibuffer delay line architectures for efficient contention resolution in optical switching nodes”. IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol.48, issue 12, pages 2089–2098, December 2000. [12]. C. Gauger, K. Dolzer, and Michael Scharf. Reservation strategies for fdl buffers in OBS networks. “IEEE International Conference on Communications”, 2002.
Dilip H. Patel, Dr. Ved Vyash Dwivedi, Dr. Kiritkumar Bhatt "A Novel Scheme for Efficient Bandwidth Utilization in Optical Burst Switched Network" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.128-132 2016
Coastal erosion can be defined as the removal of material from the coast by wave action, tidal currents and/or the activities of man, typically causing a landward retreat of the coastline1. In this paper we studied about Coastal Erosion, Causes and Impact of Coastal Erosion. Coastal erosion is a mostly natural process; however, man-made structures such as piers and harbors can contribute to erosion due to restructuring of the natural environment.
- Page(s): 133-135
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Vijeta NehraLecturer, Chhaju Ram Memorial (CRM) Jat College, Hisar, India
References
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KUENZER, C., OTTINGER, M., LIU, G., SUN, B., DECH, S., 2014: Earth Observation-based Coastal Zone Monitoring of the Yellow River Delta: Dynamics in China’s Second Largest Oil Producing Region over four Decades. Applied Geography, 55, 72-107 [15]. Gilbert, Grove Karl, and Charles Butler Hunt, eds. Geology of the Henry Mountains, Utah, as recorded in the notebooks of GK Gilbert, 1875–76. Vol. 167. Geological Society of America, 1988. [16]. Roe, Gerard H.; Whipple, Kelin X.; Fletcher, Jennifer K. (September 2008). "Feedbacks among climate, erosion, and tectonics in a critical wedge orogen". American Journal of Science 308 (7): 815–842. doi:10.2475/07.2008.01. [17]. Summerfield, M.A., 1991, Global Geomorphology, Pearson Education Ltd, 537 p. ISBN 0-582-30156-4. [18]. Dunai, T.J., 2010, Cosmogenic Nucleides, Cambridge University Press, 187 p. ISBN 978-0-521-87380-2. [19]. DTM intro page, Hunter College Department of Geography, New York NY. "International Conference of Geomorphology". Europa Organization. [20]. Muthukumarasamy, R., Mukesh, M.V., Tamilselvi, M., Singarasubramanian, S.R., Chandrasekaran, A. and Sabeen, H.M. (2013) Shoreline Changes Using Remote Sensing and GIS Environment: A Case Study of Valinokkam to Thoothukudi Area, Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), 2, 72-75. [21]. www.amusingplanet.com/2014/07/cono-de-arita-in-argentina.html [22]. Sivin, Nathan (1995). Science in Ancient China: Researches and Reflections. Brookfield, Vermont: VARIORUM, Ashgate Publishing. III, p. 23 [23]. Needham, Joseph. (1959). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth. Cambridge University Press. pp. 603–618. [24]. Chan, Alan Kam-leung and Gregory K. Clancey, Hui-Chieh Loy (2002). Historical Perspectives on East Asian Science, Technology and Medicine. Singapore: Singapore University Press. p. 15. ISBN 9971-69-259-7. [25]. 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Vijeta Nehra "A Study of Coastal Erosion & Its Causes, Effects and Control Strategies" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.133-135 2016
Biogeography is a branch of geography that studies the past and present distribution of the world's many species. It is usually considered to be a part of physical geography as it often relates to the examination of the physical environment and how it affects species and shaped their distribution across space.1 Climate change, also called global warming, refers to the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth.2 In this paper we studied about biogeography and climate change & its causes and effect.
- Page(s):136-140
- Date of Publication: 15 June 2016
- Vijeta NehraLecturer, Chhaju Ram Memorial (CRM) Jat College, Hisar, India
References
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Vijeta Nehra "An Introduction to Biogeography and Climate Change" International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation-IJRSI vol.3 issue 6, pp.136-140 2016