Temporal and Spatial Variations of Precipitation and Temperature in the Yongding River Basin under the Influence of Climate Change, 1959–2020

Global climate change has a considerable impact on the temporal and spatial fluctuations of precipitation. The Yongding River basin (YRB) temperature and precipitation variations in inter-annual and inter-seasonal scales were determined by analyzing daily temperature and precipitation data of 53 meteorological stations from 1959–2020.
The Mann-Kendall test (MK), spearman’s correlation analysis, and moving t-test (MTT) were used to examine the temporal variation and spatial distribution of precipitation. The results indicated the annual mean temperature at all 53 stations has significantly increased with the highest located in the Guanting Reservoir and around Langfang City. The annual precipitation changes showed a decreasing trend at 25 stations of Beijing, Tianjin, and Langfang city, while an increasing trend at the other 28 stations of Datong, Shuozhou, and Zhangjiakou city. However, there was not a single station that showed a significant increase or decrease.
The correlation analysis between annual temperature and precipitation in the YRB revealed that, 86% of stations showed a negative correlation. The MTT method (N1 = N2 = 10) identified temperature jumps in 1986-1998 and 2010-2011, while the MK method detected jumps in 1992 and 2015-2017. Analysis of the annual series data revealed that 12.9% of the YRB experienced three temperature jumps, 71.07% had one jump, and 16.03% had no jumps, while average annual precipitation jumps, 73.87% of the watershed area had a single jump, 26.13% had two jumps, and no area remained unaffected.
These findings indicate that changes in summer and autumn precipitation, exhibiting high variability and severity, are the primary drivers of annual precipitation jumps in the YRB. All these data can be used to develop sensible regulatory and management policies for the basin’s water resources, ensuring the health of the many ecosystems that make up the region.

precipitation, temperature, temporal and spatial variation, climate change, climate jump

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