Susceptibility of Restaurant Foods Contamination in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria
Ogbumgbada, E.C.W. & Poronakie, N.B. PhD, – May 2021 Page No.: 01-15
This study aimed at assessing the susceptibility of restaurant foods to contamination in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers with a view to unraveling various food pathogens and recommending sustainable strategies to curb the menace. A random survey research design was adopted and the opinion on quality and standard of foods from 400 adult respondents were sampled. Statistical application of simple percentages proved significantly that high level of restaurant food contamination as well as poor health standard was occasioned by poor handling by the operators of restaurants. It concluded that unhygienic practices such as the use of unsafe water; unhealthy food exposure and underage service personnel predispose restaurants food to contamination. Recommendations include: restaurant operators and their employees should be made to undergo at least minimum standard training on catering and be issued with authorized license; and education and training of restaurant operators on good hygiene practices.
Page(s): 01-15 Date of Publication: 11 June 2021
Ogbumgbada, E.C.W.
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Ibe, C.C
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Ogbumgbada, E.C.W. & Poronakie, N.B. PhD, , “Susceptibility of Restaurant Foods Contamination in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.01-15 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/01-15.pdf
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Development of an Android Based Intelligent Service Delivery Mobile System
Asogwa Tochukwu Chijindu1, Ugwu Edith Angela, Mbah David Luchi, – May 2021 Page No.: 16-21
This paper presents the development of an android based intelligent demand service delivery mobile system. The aim is to provide a system which incorporates various domestic home service professionals into a single platform and intelligently monitor their behaviors when services are requested. This will be achieved by developing an intelligent algorithm which monitors service request using time control function and then send feedback to the request user of the service professional behavior which includes request acceptance notification, rejection notification (i.e if the request is ignored or rejected). With this system, the service request person will never be disappointed or kept stranded. The system will be developed using necessary universal modeling diagrams, process models, data model and implemented with android studio as a mobile application system. The system was tested and the result showed that when service request was accepted, the user received notification of the request acceptance, and in another case where service was rejected or ignored the request user received notification within 60 sec of service request.
Page(s): 16-21 Date of Publication: 15 June 2021
Asogwa Tochukwu Chijindu
Computer Science, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
Ugwu Edith Angela
Computer Science, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
Mbah David Luchi
Computer Science, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
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Asogwa Tochukwu Chijindu1, Ugwu Edith Angela, Mbah David Luchi, “Development of an Android Based Intelligent Service Delivery Mobile System” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.16-21 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/16-21.pdf
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Evaluation of Chemistry Laboratory Facilities in Tertiary Institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria
Chinda Worokwu – May 2021 Page No.: 22-28
The study evaluated the availability and utilization of chemistry laboratory facilities of tertiary institutions in Rivers. The design of the study was evaluation survey design involving Chemistry laboratories. The population included heads of schools, heads of the Chemistry subject lecturers for Chemistry courses and chief laboratory technologist. Sample in this study included six Tertiary institutions in Rivers state via purposive sampling is the procedure The instruments for data collection was Laboratory Facilities Inventory(LFI) developed by the research and semester results of students The experts checked for clarity of inventory items, and make necessary corrections that improved the instrument. The instrument was subjected to a test retest method of reliability. The information gotten was used in estimating the reliability index which will yield a coefficient of 0.82 using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The data collected was analyzed using mean standard deviation and Analysis of Variance for Regression .The result of the study shows that some laboratory facilities are available and utilized. The finding further reveals that there is significant influence of laboratory facilities utilization on students’ academic performance as measured in CGPA. Therefore, the study recommends that government should ensure adequate provision of laboratory facilities, schools should source funds from organizations like NGOs to equip the laboratory
Page(s): 22-28 Date of Publication: 15 June 2021
Chinda Worokwu
Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, P.M.B, Port Harcourt Rivers State, Nigeria
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Chinda Worokwu “Evaluation of Chemistry Laboratory Facilities in Tertiary Institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.22-28 May 2021 URL : https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/22-28.pdf
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Ability of moisture absorbing substrate to conserve percolating water
Ampitiyawatta, A.D. & Weerasuriya W. M. I – May 2021 Page No.: 29-31
Though water is the most abundant natural resource on the earth, in most occasions, it is limited to agriculture especially in dry spells and dry regions. This is aggravated by higher losses from evaporation as well as percolation. If a method adopts to trap percolating water that would be one of the appropriate alternatives which helps to survive plants during dry climates and increase the water use efficiency. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the possibility of reducing percolation by using moisture absorbing substrate beneath the root zone. Three moisture absorbing substrates i.e sponge, biochar and sawdust were used as treatments and a control experiment was conducted without any water absorbing material. Treatmentswere arranged as Complete Randomized Design with three replicates. Treatments were buried at 20 cm depth as 5 cm layer separated by high gauge polythene. In a 90cm×180cm plot, 12 chilli (Capsicum annuum) plants were planted as two plants per hole.All recommended agronomic practices were carried out.Soil moisture content was maintained above 50 % allowable depletion level by measuring it dailythroughout the experiment, supplying the deficiency. Days to 50% flowering, plant height at 50% flowering, first harvesting yield, plant biomass and root biomass were measured.There were no significant differences in plant height, days to 50% flowering, plant biomass or root biomass between treatments. It indicates that there was no any moisture stress among treatments. However, there was a significant difference among the treatments in water usage by the crop throughout the duration. The water usage was significantly lower in sponge compare to other treatments. It means sponge material can conserve water at the rate of 992.59 m3/ha without any effect on the yield. Therefore, a substrate can be used to effectively conserve soil moisture by reducing the percolation and sponge is the best among tested treatments.
Page(s): 29-31 Date of Publication: 15 June 2021
Ampitiyawatta, A.D.
Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
Weerasuriya W. M. I
Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
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Ampitiyawatta, A.D. & Weerasuriya W. M. I, “Ability of moisture absorbing substrate to conserve percolating water” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.29-31 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6501
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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of Salmonella typhi from patients in Lagos, Nigeria
Moro, D.D. Ph.D, Akinsinde, K.A. Ph.D – May 2021 Page No.: 32-37
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR), is a very sensitive and specific molecular method, in the identification of microorganism. Definitive diagnosis of bacterial pathogens is a major healthcare challenge in developing countries including Nigeria. PCR profiles of Salmonella typhi in Lagos, Nigeria is presented in this study. Bacteriological analysis of stool samples from patient diagnosed clinically for typhoid fever was carried using selective media such as Selenite F (SF), buffered peptone water (BPW) and trypticase soy agar (TSA) which were incubated at 37⁰C for 18-24 h. After incubation 0.1 ml of sample from each enrichment medium was inoculated into 10 ml of Rappaport Vassiliadis R10 broth which was incubated at 42⁰Cfor 24 h. One loopful of the RV10 broth was inoculated into selective media:;MacConkey agar (MA), xylose lysine deoxycholate agar (XLD), Salmonella- Shigella agar (SSA) and brilliant green deoxycholate agar (BGDA). Suspected colonies were identified biochemically and kept on nutrient agar slants at 4°C for further analysis. All the S. typhi isolates produced reproducible and distinguishable profiles from samples and were amplified and analyzed by gel electrophoresis. The chromosomal DNAs had molecular weight that ranged between 0.52kbp to 2.9Kbp. Fifty-six(83.3%) of the S. typhi harbored both 0.9kbp and 1.4Kbp molecular weight, 50 (83.3%) had 2.8Kbp, 42 (70%) had 1.8Kbp molecular weight while the isolate with the least molecular weight DNA were 20,(33.3%). All the isolates belong to five distinctive clones. PCR with RAPD was very discriminatory as isolates classified together by other methods were classified into fewer clones.
Page(s): 32-37 Date of Publication: 17 June 2021
Moro, D.D. Ph.D
Department of Microbiology, Lagos State University, P.M. B. 0001, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria
Akinsinde, K.A. Ph.D
Genetics Division, Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Moro, D.D. Ph.D, Akinsinde, K.A. Ph.D “Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of Salmonella typhi from patients in Lagos, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.32-37 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/32-37.pdf
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Effect of Calcium and Magnesium on Flowering and Fruiting of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)
Wangoli W. Janeclare, Omami N. Elizabeth, Opile W. Reuben, Ochuodho O. Julius, Oluko S. Patrick – May 2021 Page No.: 38-46
The influence of CaCl2 and Mg on growth, yield, and quality of tomato was investigated in Uasin Gishu (in Chepkoilel) and Bungoma counties, between June-October 2016, and March-July 2017. The experiment was laid out with a randomized complete block design. CaCl2+Mg foliar (1.5% and 2.0%) solutions was applied as foliar sprays in combination with soil application of CaO and NPK fertilizer on three tomato varieties- Cal-J, Riogrande and Nyati. Data were recorded for days to 50% flowering, the highest number flowers per cluster, fruits per plant, yield, fruit weight, fruit firmness, and total soluble solid content of the fruit. The application of CaCl2+Mg at 2% in T12 (30Kg P/ha+4tons/ha+2% calcium and magnesium)significantly increased the days to 50%flowering, number of flowers, and the number of fruits per plant. Foliar application of CaCl2 (2.0%) + CaO (4t/ha) resulted in the minimum number of days to 50% flowering (18.67 in Chepkoilel and 22 in Bungoma), the highest number of flower clusters (Bungoma 51.67 and 52.33 in Chepkoilel), the highest number of flowers (Bungoma 239.67 and Chepkoilel 201.33), highest number of fruits per plant (Bungoma 99.67 and Chepkoilel 96.33), and highest yield (Bungoma 10.55t/ha and Chepkoilel 9.63t/ha).
Page(s): 38-46 Date of Publication: 17 June 2021
Wangoli W. Janeclare
Dpt. of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret
Omami N. Elizabeth
Dpt. of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret
Opile W. Reuben
Dpt. of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret
Ochuodho O. Julius
Dpt. of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret
Oluko S. Patrick
Dpt. of Seed, Crop and Horticultural Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret
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Wangoli W. Janeclare, Omami N. Elizabeth, Opile W. Reuben, Ochuodho O. Julius, Oluko S. Patrick, “Effect of Calcium and Magnesium on Flowering and Fruiting of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.38-46 May 2021 URL : https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/38-46.pdf
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Effects of graphic organizer and animation on students learning outcomes in Mathematics
Oginni, O.I. – May 2021 Page No.: 47-51
The study examined the effects of graphic organizer and animation on students learning outcomes in Mathematics. The study employed pretest, post test quasi experimental design. The sample for this study consisted of 227 SSII students using multistage sampling procedure. One local government was randomly selected from the state together with three schools selected randomly with two experimental groups and one control group. Intact classes were used in each of the selected schools. Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) and Mathematics Attitudinal Questionnaire (MAQ) were the instruments used to collect data for the study. The instruments were validated through the assistant of experts and the reliability coefficient of 0.81 and 0.76 were obtained respectively. The data collected was subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics, all at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that there is significant difference in the learning outcomes of students taught using graphic organizer, animation and conventional strategies. Based on the findings of this study, recommendations were made.
Page(s): 47-51 Date of Publication: 17 June 2021
Oginni, O.I.
Department of Science Education, Ekiti State University, Nigeria
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Oginni, O.I., “Effects of graphic organizer and animation on students learning outcomes in Mathematics” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.47-51 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6502
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Evaluation of the Quality and Antimicrobial Activities of Honey Obtained From Different Sources in Southern Kaduna, Nigeria
Gosomji Andrew Dewan, Bwede Davou Danbok, Benson Matthew Lassa, Gola Shipi Sokdima and Guyit Kevin Kyolbok – May 2021 Page No.: 52-56
Technical, Vocational Education and Training (TVET) could be a veritable instrument for national economic development in Nigeria. The growing awareness of the need to adapt TVET to meet the rapid global economic requirement is absolutely essential. Thus, TVET is a mechanism that could help for improving the quality of workforce by humanizing their mobility, adaptability and productivity. TVET indirectly could contributes to the enhancement of firms’ competitiveness in the globalized world. This is so because one of the most important features of TVET is its orientation towards the world of work and the emphasis of its curriculum on the acquisition of employable skills. Unfortunately, it is sadly to note that, after many years of existence of Nigeria as nation is seriously threatened with unemployment, poverty, social and economic instability, insecurity, corruption, insurgents, banditry, underdevelopment and unscrupulous leadership amongst others. Nigeria will continually remain a technologically backward and dependent nation if this negative attitudes and ugly trends are not reversed. In order to bring lasting solution to these dreadful and horrible situation in Nigeria. It is important that government should focus on acquisition of employable skills for the youths so as to divert there attention from these social vices that have bedevil the nation. Thus, it is absolutely essential to examine the issues, challenges and strategies to strengthen TVET in Nigeria. It was concluded amongst others, that Nigeria government should look inward and recognize the fact that TVET as the bedrock for meaningfully technological growth and national development. It was recommended that the government, stakeholders, policy makers and TVET providers in Nigeria should focus on TVET quality assurance best practices that have worked in advanced countries around the world. Also the government should adequately fund, plan, implement, and manage TVET programmes in technical institutions in Nigeria. Finally there should be a synergy between the schools-industry linkages where students are trained, mustbe a replica of the environment in which he/she must subsequently work.
Page(s): 52-56 Date of Publication: 17 June 2021
Gosomji Andrew Dewan
Department of Chemistry, FCE Pankshin, Plateau State, Nigeria
Bwede Davou Danbok
Department of Basic Sciences, Plateau State College of Health Technology Zawan, Nigeria
Benson Matthew Lassa
Department of Biochemistry, Plateau State University Bokkos, Nigeria
Gola Shipi Sokdima
Department of Pharmacy, Plateau State College of Health Technology Zawan, Nigeria
Guyit Kevin Kyolbok
Department of Chemistry, University of Jos, Nigeria
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Gosomji Andrew Dewan, Bwede Davou Danbok, Benson Matthew Lassa, Gola Shipi Sokdima and Guyit Kevin Kyolbok , “Evaluation of the Quality and Antimicrobial Activities of Honey Obtained From Different Sources in Southern Kaduna, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.52-56 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/52-56.pdf
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Antiplasmodial Potential and Phytochemical Evaluation of Aqueous Root Extract of a Nigerian Medicinal Apocynaceae Plant
Chidiebere A. Otuu, Rose N. N. Obiezue, Chris I. Okoye, Innocent C. J. Omalu, Innocent C. Ekuma, Ada Q. A. Otuu, Samuel S.Eke, Emmanuel. O. Udeh, Suleiman C. Hassan, Hadijah U. Yamman and Fabian C. Okafor – May 2021 Page No.: 57-61
The increasing resistance of the malaria parasite to currently used antimalarial medicines has intensified the research for new novel antimalarial drug leads from natural sources. This study was carried out to evaluate the antiplasmodial potential, phytochemical composition and toxicity status of aqueous root extract of Alstoniaboonei (Apocynaceae), a medicinal plant used in treating malariain Nigeria and other African countries. The extract showed substantial dose dependent antiplasmodial activity as indicated by the, suppressive (40.18%, 55.72% and 61.55% for 100, 200 and 400 mgkg-1 body weights), prophylactic (51.39%, 65.27% and 68.35% for 100, 200 and 400 mgkg-1 body weights), and curative (48.63%, 59.59% and 60.88% for 100, 200 and 400 mgkg-1 body weights) effects on Plasmodium berghei infected albino mice. The antiplasmodial activity was significantly different compared to the negative control at P < 0.05.Chemical compounds obtained from the phytochemical evaluation of the extract include tannins, flavonoids, steroids, phenols, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and terpenoids. There were no observed signs of toxicity in all the oral doses tested on albino mice. It was concluded that the extract contains important active antimalarial compounds that are not toxic and should be further investigated for antimalarial drug development
Page(s): 57-61 Date of Publication: 18 June 2021
Chidiebere A. Otuu
Parasitology and Public Health Unit, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Rose N. N. Obiezue
Parasitology and Public Health Unit, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Chris I. Okoye
Parasitology and Public Health Unit, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Innocent C. J. Omalu
Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Ada Q. A. Otuu
Department of Public Health, West African Postgraduate College of Pharmacists, Yaba, Lagos State.
Department of Pharmacy, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Samuel S.Eke
Department of Biology, Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Emmanuel. O. Udeh
Centre for Integrated Health Programs, Wuse 2, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria.
Suleiman C. Hassan
Department of Zoology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria.
Hadijah U. Yamman
Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Fabian C. Okafor
Parasitology and Public Health Unit, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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[23] Madhiri, R. and Vijayalakshini, G. (2018). A Review of Phytochemical Composition and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Alstonia. Pharma Tutor, 6(1), 50-55.
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Chidiebere A. Otuu, Rose N. N. Obiezue, Chris I. Okoye, Innocent C. J. Omalu, Innocent C. Ekuma, Ada Q. A. Otuu, Samuel S.Eke, Emmanuel. O. Udeh, Suleiman C. Hassan, Hadijah U. Yamman and Fabian C. Okafor, “Antiplasmodial Potential and Phytochemical Evaluation of Aqueous Root Extract of a Nigerian Medicinal Apocynaceae Plant” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.57-61 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6503
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Agricultural Growth and Macroeconomic Disparities in Nigeria: An ECM Approach
Eche Nwachukwu Austine, Pam Bitrus James, Pam Felix Dung- May 2021 Page No.: 62-68
This study examined the effect of macroeconomic disparities on agricultural growth in Nigeria between 1985 to 2020. The macroeconomic variables adopted for the study include—exchange rate (EXR, inflation rate(INF), interest rate (INT) and government expenditures (GEX) on agricultural growth. The study utilized Error Correction Model (ECM) in the analysis of the short and long run coefficients. To prevent spurious regression, Augmented –Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Peron Tests were carried out on each of the variables to determine their level of stationarity. All variables were found to be integrated of order one I(1). Since all variables have unit root at levels, the long run relationship among the variables was tested using Augmented Engle-Granger test. The test showed cointegration. The results of the analyses of short run model showed that macroeconomic variables interest rate, exchange rate exerts significant impact on agricultural growth in both the short run and the long run. Though government expenditures on agriculture was significant in the short run, it was not in the long run. Inflation was not significant in both short and long run. Diagnostic tests such as Normality, autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity tests were carried out on the model output to establish the robustness or otherwise of the models. It was found that the residuals were normally distributed, free from autocorrelation and homoscedastic, lending credence to the robustness of the work and its ability to make correct forecast. The study recommendations that government should devise means of giving soft loans to farmers who may not be able to afford the cost of borrowing in any financial institution.
Page(s): 62-68 Date of Publication: 18 June 2021
Eche Nwachukwu Austine
Department of Economics, Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna, Nigeria
Pam Bitrus James
Department of Economics, Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna, Nigeria
Pam Felix Dung
Department of Economics, Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna, Nigeria
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Eche Nwachukwu Austine, Pam Bitrus James, Pam Felix Dung, “Agricultural Growth and Macroeconomic Disparities in Nigeria: An ECM Approach.” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.62-68 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5503
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Improving the Performance of Facial Recognition System Using Artificial Neual Network
Asogwa Tochukwu Chijindu, Ugwu Edith Angela, Mbah David Luchi- May 2021 Page No.: 69-72
This work presents “improving the performance of facial recognition system using artificial neural network”. The aim is to develop a more reliable and précised face recognition system. This will be achieved using the AT&T database as the training dataset, image acquisition, image processing, and artificial neural network. The work will be implemented using image processing toolbox, image acquisition toolbox, statistics and machine learning toolbox and Mathlab. The accuracy was measured using the neural network performance evaluation toolbox and the result achieved is 97.6%.
Page(s): 69-72 Date of Publication: 18 June 2021
Asogwa Tochukwu Chijindu
Computer Science, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
Ugwu Edith Angela
Computer Science, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
Mbah David Luchi
Computer Science, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
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Asogwa Tochukwu Chijindu, Ugwu Edith Angela, Mbah David Luchi, “Improving the Performance of Facial Recognition System Using Artificial Neual Network International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.69-72 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/69-72.pdf
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Effect of drying methods on proximate and Antinutrients Composition of Cocoa (The obroma cacao) Pod
Adeosun, Y.M. and Oni I.O.- May 2021 Page No.: 73-78
This study evaluated the effect of drying methods on the proximate and antinutritional composition of Cocoa Pod. The cocoa (Theobroma cacao) pod that was used for this study was sliced into three different sizes (1/2,1/4 and 1/8) and was dried using three different drying methods (Cabinet dryer at a temperature of 70oC), and the other analyzed fresh. The result was analyzed using standard methods and procedures. Changes in moisture content of the cocoa pod were monitored every 30min the moisture content of the sample became constant. The result shows that the cabinet drying was found to be more effective for moisture removal compared to other drying methods open sun and solar drying (10.811 ± 0.023%), (14.15 ± 0.127%) and (14.295 ± 0.035%). The Ash content of the dried sample for open sun drying range (11.06 ± 0.679%), solar dryer (8.175 ± 0.474%), and cabinet dryer (10.854 ± 0.038%). Crude protein content for the fresh analyzed sample is (11.71 %), open sun drying (10.4 %), solar drying (7.77 %) and cabinet dryer (10.40 %). Crude fibre for fresh sample (2.39 %), solar dryer (58.13 %), open sun dryer (51.93 %) and for cabinet dryer (31.56 %). The result shows that the drying significantly (P<0.05) increased the fibre content of the sample. The result of fat content for the fresh sample (4.105 %), solar dryer (2.47 %), open sun drying (2.49 %), and cabinet dryer (4.11 %). The carbohydrate content of cabinet dryer (35.50%), open sun drying (9.94 %), solar dryer (9.31 %) and the fresh sample (4.23 %). The result of antinutritional composition also shows the following; Saponin mg/g for the fresh analyzed sample is (19.569), open sun drying (6.541), solar drying (9.767), and for cabinet dryer (11.650). Tannin mg/g for the fresh analyzed sample is (5.055), open sun drying (1.064), solar drying (1.408), and cabinet dryer (4.900). Steroid mg/g for the fresh analyzed sample is (3.356), open sun drying (2.509), solar drying (2.806), and for cabinet dryer (1.650). flavonoid mg/g for the fresh analyzed sample is (2.808), open sun drying (1.161), solar drying (1.859), and cabinet dryer (2.900). Terpenoid mg/g for the fresh analyzed sample is (15.350), open sun drying (6.714), solar drying (11.919), and cabinet dryer (0.235). Alkaloid mg/g for the fresh analyzed sample is (43.597), open sun drying (21.940), solar drying (28.314), and cabinet dryer (36.700).This finding shows that the increase in the intensity of heat might not significantly destroy the antinutrient composition of dried cocoa(Theobroma cacao) pod as much as spending longer time in the system.
Page(s): 73-78 Date of Publication: 18 June 2021
Adeosun, Y.M.
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State
Oni I.O.
Department of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State
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Adeosun, Y.M. and Oni I.O., “Effect of drying methods on proximate and Antinutrients Composition of Cocoa (The obroma cacao) Pod” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.73-78 May 2021 DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6504
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Synthesis and Characterization of Chemically Deposited Copper Sulphide Thin Films
Olayiwola Olanike Grace, Akande Ademola, Aremu Olaosebikan Akanni, and Ojumoola Olajesu Theophilus – May 2021 Page No.: 79-81
Thin films of Copper Sulphide (CuS) were grown on glass substrates by the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique at room temperature (300C). Copper Chloride and Thiourea were used as sources for Copper and Sulphur ions respectively. The optical characterization was done by using a UV- VIS spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 180 nm – 1100 nm. The transmittance of the films was determined directly from the spectrophotometer. Other properties such as absorbance and band gap were calculated. A band gap energy range between 3.00 eV to 3.41 eV was obtained and these results suggest that the films can suitably be used in the fabrication of solar cells.
Page(s): 79-81 Date of Publication: 18 June 2021
Olayiwola Olanike Grace
Physics department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, P.M.B 22, U.I post office, Ibadan, Nigeria
Akande Ademola
Physics department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, P.M.B 22, U.I post office, Ibadan, Nigeria
Aremu Olaosebikan Akanni
Physics department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, P.M.B 22, U.I post office, Ibadan, Nigeria
Ojumoola Olajesu Theophilus
Physics department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, P.M.B 22, U.I post office, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Olayiwola Olanike Grace, Akande Ademola, Aremu Olaosebikan Akanni, and Ojumoola Olajesu Theophilus “Synthesis and Characterization of Chemically Deposited Copper Sulphide Thin Films” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.79-81 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/79-81.pdf
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Analysis of students’ perceptions on the concepts of solar influence and atmospheric fluctuation phenomena for climate change prediction
Aramide J.O. and Akinnubi R.T. – May 2021 – Page No.: 82-87
This study investigated students’ understanding on the concepts of solar influence and the effects on atmospheric fluctuation phenomena for climate change prediction. This study adopted the descriptive design, 400 students were randomly selected from three tertiary institutions in Ondo West LGA, Ondo State. A validated Questionnaire (Cronbach coefficient was 0.96) were used to collect data for the study. Three research hypotheses and one research question were tested, and data were analyzed using Descriptive statistics and T-test. Having analyzed the data, the major findings reveal that students have a general perception on solar influence on climate change and that the level of atmospheric awareness of climate variability and climate change was significantly high. Also, it was observed that the incorporation of solar radiation as a topic into the school curriculum will improve student’s cognitive ability. It is therefore recommended that the profile and awareness of the atmosphere through appropriate communication channels like publication of articles on climate and solar radiation should be encouraged in schools. Also, there should be availability of weather station with appropriate meteorological instrument to measure elements of climate such as rain gauge for rainfall, wind vane for measuring the direction of wind, maximum thermometer to check the highest temperature and minimum thermometer to check the minimum temperature reached in the atmosphere, barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure and so on.
Page(s): 82-87 Date of Publication: 18 June 2021
Aramide J.O.
Department of Physics, Adeyemi College of Education, PMB 520, Ondo 351101, Nigeria
Akinnubi R.T.
Department of Physics, Adeyemi College of Education, PMB 520, Ondo 351101, Nigeria
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Aramide J.O. and Akinnubi R.T. “Analysis of students’ perceptions on the concepts of solar influence and atmospheric fluctuation phenomena for climate change prediction” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.82-87 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/82-87.pdf
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Geophysical Investigation: a Case Study of Ndiechi in Ohaukwu Local Government Area; Ebonyi State
U. D. Aluge., A. O. Azi, Olumide Oladapo and C. T. Iriakuma- May 2021 Page No.: 88-90
Geophysical site investigation for sitting a viable point for ground water exploration was carried out at Ndiechi in Ohaukwu Local Government Area of Ebonyi State. Electrical resistivity approach as a geophysical method was adopted with Schlumberger configuration for depth or vertical electrical sounding to delineate basement weak zone and lithologic depth respectively. Five points were examined using sounding. The least resistive point was further sounded for better vertical resolution and clarity. The curve type encountered in the study is the KH-curve type, which is a good indicative curve for groundwater exploration. The obtained sounding parameter suitably established the overburden depth of 1.5m.
Page(s): 88-90 Date of Publication: 25 June 2021
U. D. Aluge.
Dept of Industrial Physics, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi, Nigeria
A. O. Azi
Dept of Physics/Instrumentation & Control Tech; Federal Polytechnic of Oil and Gas, Bonny, Rivers, Nigeria
Olumide Oladapo
Dept of Petroleum & Gas Processing Engineering Technology, Bonny, Rivers, Nigeria
C. T. Iriakuma
Dept of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic of Oil and Gas, Bonny, Rivers, Nigeria
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U. D. Aluge., A. O. Azi, Olumide Oladapo and C. T. Iriakuma “Geophysical Investigation: a Case Study of Ndiechi in Ohaukwu Local Government Area; Ebonyi State” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.88-90 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/88-90.pdf
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Juvenile Height Equations for Plantation-Grown Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.)
Saka, M. G., Kenan, T. and Yakubu, M.- May 2021 Page No.: 91-96
The juvenile height equation was developed forplantation-grown Phoenix dactylifera L. species in Modibbo Adama University of Technology (MAUTECH) Date Palm Plantation. In the four hectare date palm plantation, 15 sample plots of 35 x 35m wererandomly laid in the entire plantation.Ineach of the laid plot, all the standing trees were enumerated, and measurements were carried out on the variable of interest. The collected sampled plots data was divided into two groups for model calibration (70%) and model validation (30%). The measured tree height was fitted as a function of computed Crown Area (CA) and Number of Branch leaves, using stepwise regression method The predictive abilities of the selected juvenile height equation was evaluated, using Coefficient of determination (R2), the bias (Ê) and Standard Error of Estimate (SEE). The results on degree of association between the juvenile tree height, crown area and number of branches revealed a strong positive correlation coefficient. The predicted height models were ranked and screened, and the best equations was chosen based on its high coefficient of determination (R2) value of 75.8%, low SEE value of 0.2398. The result on the residual shows no significant difference between the observed and the predicted data (P> 0.05).which is an indication that the model is of good fit.The result of this study reveals that the height equation generated will serve as a reference to determine the future height equation of the Date palm (Phoenix dactilyfera L.) plantation in any area having similar environmental conditions.
Page(s): 91-96 Date of Publication: 25 June 2021
Saka, M. G.
Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria
Kenan, T.
Department of Forestry Technology, Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic Kazaure, Jigawa, Nigeria
Yakubu, M.
Department of Forestry Technology, Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic Kazaure, Jigawa, Nigeria
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Saka, M. G., Kenan, T. and Yakubu, M., “Juvenile Height Equations for Plantation-Grown Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.91-96 May 2021 URL :https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/91-96.pdf
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Histomorphological Hepato-teratogenic Effects of Ethanol on the Liver Lobule in Albino Rats (Rattus novegicus)
Teresiah W. Musa, Kweri J. Kariuki, Caroline C. Sigei, Atanas N.Malik, Ann W. Mwangi, Asena S.M, Peris M, Rono W and James K- May 2021 – Page No.: 97-102
Background: Prenatal exposure to ethanol has been shown to have teratogenic effects to the developing fetal liver. However, the histomorphological effects of ethanol on the structural organization of the fetal liver when exposed at different gestational periods and in varied doses has not been well elucidated.
Method: A static-group experimental study design was adopted in this study. A sample size of 30 female albino rats dams weighing between 200 to 230gm were used as the animal experimental model. These 30 rats were further grouped into two main groups namely; the Control group (n=3) and the experimental group n=27). The 27 rats were further assigned into three study groups based on the ethanol dosage namely: LEG, MEG and HEG at trimester I, II and III each that received 2g/kgbwt, 3.5g/kgbwt and 5g/kgbwt of ethanol respectively once daily via oral gavage. The control group received food and water ad libitum only. All the rats were humanly sacrificed on their 20th day of gestation. A total of 90 fetuses had their liver harvested, fixed in 10% formaldehydeand processed for histological analysis. The tissue slides were mounted on BP Olympus microscope, viewed under different magnifications and a 32 megapixel digital camera was used to capture liver photomicrographs.
Results: This study established varied histomorphological effects of ethanol on the fetal liver lobule including constriction of the central vein, dilatation of the liver sinusoids and hepatocyte disaggregation among others. In conclusion, ethanol consumption during pregnancy has a wide range of detrimental hepato-teratogenic effects throughout the three gestational periods in dose dependent manner. It is therefore recommended that expectant mothers should avoid ethanol consumption any time during pregnancy.
Page(s): 97-102 Date of Publication: 29 June 2021
Teresiah W. Musa
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Kweri J. Kariuki
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Caroline C. Sigei
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Atanas N.Malik
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Ann W. Mwangi
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Asena S.M
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Peris M
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Rono W
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
James K
Lectures, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of health science, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
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Teresiah W. Musa, Kweri J. Kariuki, Caroline C. Sigei, Atanas N.Malik, Ann W. Mwangi, Asena S.M, Peris M, Rono W and James K “Histomorphological Hepato-teratogenic Effects of Ethanol on the Liver Lobule in Albino Rats (Rattus novegicus)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.97-102 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6505
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Web Browser Forensic Tools: Autopsy, BHE and NetAnalysis
Hassan Adamu, Abdullahi Adamu Ahmad, Adamu Hassan, Sa’ad Barau Gambasha – May 2021 Page No.: 103-107
Information and communication technology (ICT) are becoming an integral part of everyone´s lives which affects all sectors of human activity. Nowadays, the level of computer crimes rises and it is alarming, for such, digital forensic investigation plays a vital role in tackling computer-related crimes such as cyberbullying, fraud, cyber intrusion, hacking an et cetera. The main goal of digital forensic investigation is to preserve any evidence found in its most original form and to make sure that the evidence is not tempered. Digital forensic investigators use log files to extract, analyse and present a report based on the criminal activities found on the web browsers, such log files include history, cache, download and cookies. This survey paper evaluates the features of the three selected web browsers forensic tools namely; Browser History Examiner, Autopsy and NetAnalysis, and make comparative analysis between them. The findings of the evaluation based on the features of the selected tools shows that Autopsy is the best forensic tool among them. Therefore, in this paper, Autopsy has been recommended fora digital investigator or examiner to use as their forensic tool among others.
Page(s): 103-107 Date of Publication: 29 June 2021
Hassan Adamu
Binyaminu Usman Polytechnic, Hadejia, Jigawa State, Nigeria
Abdullahi Adamu Ahmad
Kano Electricity Distribution Company (KEDCO), Kano State, Nigeria
Adamu Hassan
Ajaokuta Steel Company Limited, Kogi State, Nigeria
Sa’ad Barau Gambasha
Binyaminu Usman Polytechnic, Hadejia, Jigawa State, Nigeria
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[9] Andrew M., Ibrahim B., Talal A. Ali AK., “Portable Web Browser Forensics -A forensic examination of the privacy benefits of portable web browsers”, International Conference on Computer Systems and Industrial Informatics. 18-20 Dec. 2012. Available DOI: 10.1109/ICCSII.2012.6454516
[10] Craig Wilson “NetAnalysis and Forensic Internet investigations” Forensic Internet history Analysis Software, Accessed on: Mar. 14, 2020. [Online] Available On:https://www.digital-detective.net/documents/NetAnalysis-v1.37-Manual.pdf
[11] Hassan Adamu,Mansur Alhaji Muhammad, and Sabo Muhammad (2016): Impact of Social Media on Today’s Youth in Jigawa State; International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Management Research. Vol. 03 – Issues 04, June 2016. Page 272-279. www.ijaemr.com
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[21] Hassan Adamu,Abdulkadir A. Shattimahand Musa Aliyu (2016): Role of Information and Communication Technology as a Means of Tackling Corruption in Nigeria; International Journal of Innovative Research and Creative Technology. Vol. 01 – Issues 05, March 2016 (ISSN 2454-5988), Page 478-480. www.ijirct.org
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Hassan Adamu, Abdullahi Adamu Ahmad, Adamu Hassan, Sa’ad Barau Gambasha “Web Browser Forensic Tools: Autopsy, BHE and NetAnalysis” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.103-107 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6506
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Heart-Health Status Using Machine Learning
Ebenezer Olukunle Oyebode – May 2021 Page No.: 108-110
Heart disease is one of the killer diseases in the world. Early detection of the disease is one of the ways to salvage affected people. The use of machine learning techniques can be used to offer solution to the detection of heart diseases. In this study the accuracy of prediction of some tools of machine learning has been carried out. The performance evaluation of the three models have been carried out using precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy. The results obtained showed that Logistic regession model out performed others in terms of precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy
Page(s): 108-110 Date of Publication: 29 June 2021
Ebenezer Olukunle Oyebode
Computer Science Department, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Nigeria
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[12] Alkeshuosh, A. H., Moghadam, M. Z. Al Mansoori, I.and Abdar, M. 2017. Using PSO algorithm for producing best rules in diagnosis of heart disease. Int. Conf. Comput. Appl. (ICCA) 306-311. Dataset: https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Heart+Disease
Ebenezer Olukunle Oyebode “Heart-Health Status Using Machine Learning” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.108-110 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6507
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Community-based Ecotourism Potential: A Case Study of Sankana Slave Caves in Nadowli-Kaleo District of Upper West Region, Ghana
Cornelius K.A. Pienaah, Bruno Berewono, Danganaa Mahama, Jane Akanzum- May 2021 – Page No.: 111-116
A major feature of the Upper West Region is its ancient caves. The caves found in Sankana, Bulenga and Dahili, were places of refuge for the inhabitants who were fleeing the slave raiders. Slave Camps can be found at Pizaga and Dolbizon and Slave market at Kassana and Salaga in the Upper East and Savannah Regions respectively. The study explored on the potential, strategies as well as effects of developing the Sankana Slave Caves as an ecotourism destination in light of the main pillars of sustainable development (economic, social/cultural, and environmental). The study adopted a mixed method approach. Questionnaires and FGD guides were employed to solicit views from participants. The study revealed that, the community members fully embraced the idea of ecotourism development in the community with emphasis that the slave caves development would serve as tool for poverty alleviation and livelihood enhancement through income generation related activities. Also, there would be an increase in tourists spending due to the direct sell of pottery, calabash art, wood, grass art, leather art, smock weaving, guest homes, food vending as well increase the cultural capital of the community. A three-prong strategy modelled on educative and, entertainment approach, and the use of tour operators were identified as strategies to attract tourists to the site. This study has made contributions to how community ecotourism development can be used as a strategic tool for poverty alleviation as in the case of Sankana slave caves in the Kaleo-Nadowli district in the Upper West Region.
Page(s): 111-116 Date of Publication: 30 June 2021
Cornelius K.A. Pienaah
Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Environment and Sustainability Sciences, University for Development Studies, Ghana
Bruno Berewono
Faculty of Integrated Development Studies, Department of Social and Development Administration, Simon Diedong Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies, Ghana
Danganaa Mahama
Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Environment and Sustainability Sciences, University for Development Studies, Ghana
Jane Akanzumk
College of Art and Built Environment, Department of Planning, Kwame Nkrumah University for Science and Technology, Ghana
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Cornelius K.A. Pienaah, Bruno Berewono, Danganaa Mahama, Jane Akanzum “Community-based Ecotourism Potential: A Case Study of Sankana Slave Caves in Nadowli-Kaleo District of Upper West Region, Ghana” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.111-116 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/111-116.pdf
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The Measurement of Standard Time for Analysis of Output Standards in the E-Commerce Process
Andreas Tri Panudju, Umi Marfuah, Mutmainah – May 2021 Page No.: 117-122
Standard time is very basic when the company analyze its operating process. It departs from a standard time that is measured correctly, there will be a lot of analysis produced to determine important decisions. PT. XNZ, which is a logistics service provider company in the form of warehouse and distribution, has one business partner who applies an e-commerce system in selling its products. The main process carried out by PT.XNZ in providing services to business partners who implement the e-commerce system is the process in the form of product packaging according to orders placed by end customers through online. One of the obstacles faced by PT XNZ at this time is that the exact standard time for each work station is not yet known, so the analysis related to output standard, worker productivity, and realistic operational targets is potentially unrealistic. This research conducted at PT XNZ in determining the standard time for the outbound e-commerce process. The analysis obtained in the outbound e-commerce process shows the conclusion that the packing workstation which has a standard time of 46.7 seconds / box is the bottle neck of the entire outbound process. The current output standard is 76.8 boxes / hour. So that this can become the company’s attention to determine the focus of improvements in order to improve service to business partners.
Page(s): 117-122 Date of Publication: 30 June 2021
Andreas Tri Panudju
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Bangsa University, JL Raya Serang – Jakarta, KM. 03 No. 1B, Panancangan, Kec. Cipocok Jaya, Kota Serang, Banten, Indonesia
Umi Marfuah
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jl. Cempaka Putih Tengah 27 No.27/10, RT.7/RW.7, Cemp. Putih Tim., Jakarta Pusat, 10510, Indonesia
Mutmainah
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jl. Cempaka Putih Tengah 27 No.27/10, RT.7/RW.7, Cemp. Putih Tim., Jakarta Pusat, 10510, Indonesia
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Andreas Tri Panudju, Umi Marfuah, Mutmainah “The Measurement of Standard Time for Analysis of Output Standards in the E-Commerce Process” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.117-122 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6508
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Impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole Index on growing seasonal characteristics: A case study in Batalagoda, Sri Lanka
Ampitiyawatta, A.D. & Wimalasiri G.E.M. – May 2021 Page No.: 123-125
Ocean atmospheric phenomenon such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (DMI) have an impact on global level climatic patterns and agriculture. The climate and agricultural activities of Sri Lanka, which is a tropical island in the Indian Ocean, mainly depends on the amount and the distribution of rainfall. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of ENSO and DMI on growing seasonal characteristics of Batalagoda, Sri Lanka. The growing seasonal characteristics such as the onset, retreat, length of the season, seasonal rainfall and rainy days were initially assessed using Instat Statistical Programme. Pearson correlation analysis was then performed to check their relationship with oceanic indices. The Multivariate ENSO Index and DMI did not show a significant correlation (p > 0.05) between onset, retreat and length of the season. However, the retreat of the season showed a significant (p < 0.05) relationship with Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). Both SOI and MEI showed significant (p < 0.05) correlation with the growing seasonal rainfall. Due to some signals of the impact of oceanic indices on the growing seasonal characteristics of Batalagoda, further studies are needed to be carried out throughout the county using the similar approach.
Page(s): 123-125 Date of Publication: 30 June 2021
Ampitiyawatta, A.D.
Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
Wimalasiri G.E.M.
Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
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Ampitiyawatta, A.D. & Wimalasiri G.E.M. “Impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole Index on growing seasonal characteristics: A case study in Batalagoda, Sri Lanka” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.123-125 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6509
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Molecular Dynamics and Adsorption Behaviour of 2, 3- Diaminopyridine and 9, 10-Diaminophenanthrene In Neutral and Protonated Forms
K. E. Essien, Okon, O. E, I. O. Ekpenyong, Effiong, James Okon – June 2021 Page No.: 126-132
A computational studies on corrosion inhibition potential of 2,3- Diaminopyridine (DAP) and 9,10-Diaminophenanthrene (DAPN) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) with RHF/STO-6G* method. Interesting results were obtained as the inhibition properties of these compounds correlated with molecular properties. With the aid of quantum chemical parameters such as EHOMO, ELUMO, energy gap, ionization energy, electron affinity, global hardness, global softness, global electrophilicity index, back donation and absolute electronegativity, the corrosion inhibition potentials were predicted. It was observed that the predictive corrosion inhibition potential of DAPN molecule is greater than that of DAP molcule. Nitrogen and carbon atoms were the sites of likely electrophilic attack as shown by high negative mulliken charges of these molecules. The binding sites of DAPN and DAP molecules on the surface of metal were further proven by molecular electrostatic potentials (MEPs).
Page(s): 126-132 Date of Publication: 01 July 2021
K. E. Essiene
Department of Chemistry, Akwa Ibom State University, P.M.B. 1167, Ikot Akpaden, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Okon, O. E
Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1101, Ikot Osurua, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
I. O. Ekpenyong
Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1101, Ikot Osurua, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Effiong, James Okon
Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1101, Ikot Osurua, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
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K. E. Essien, Okon, O. E, I. O. Ekpenyong, Effiong, James Okon “Molecular Dynamics and Adsorption Behaviour of 2, 3- Diaminopyridine and 9, 10-Diaminophenanthrene In Neutral and Protonated Forms” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.126-132 June 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/126-132.pdf
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Hydraulic Conductivity Estimates of Imo River Basin’s Aquiferous layers, Southeastern Nigeria Using Empirical Equations Derived from Electrical Resistivity Data
Blessing C. Ejiogu, Eugene I. Nwosu, Ifeanyi I.C. Agbodike – June 2021 Page No.: 133-141
This study was carried out to determine the equation (model) that fits best to the hydraulic conductivity values measured directly from pumping test data from monitoring wells. Three different electrical resistivity empirical equations were used to estimate aquifer hydraulic conductivity of Imo river basin, southeastern Nigeria, using surficial geo-sounding data. Two hundred (200) vertical electrical sounding (VES) data were obtained with forty-five (40) available pumping test data that were acquired from monitoring wells within the study area. Similarly, forty of the two hundred VES data were acquired close to the monitoring wells for parametric and correlation purposes. Three empirical resistivity model equations (N_ Model, H_ Model, and M_ Model) were used to estimate aquifer hydraulic conductivity across the study area. Estimates of the aquifer hydraulic conductivity from the three models revealed that the hydraulic conductivity ranges between 0.23- 26.43m/day with a mean value of 6.15 m/day for N_ Model. For H_ Model it ranged between 0.07 and 5.22m/day with a mean value of 1.03m/day and for M_ Model it ranged between 1.03 and13.42m/day with a mean value of 4.19m/day . The Aquifer hydraulic conductivity values estimated from the M_model when compared with the values from the pumping test showed a strong coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.82) while N_ Model and H_ Model revealed very poor correlations with the pumping test data, with negative correlations of -0.03 and -0.3 respectively. The results of the t _test revealed that there is no significant difference between the estimated hydraulic conductivity values from M_Model and pumping test data. These findings have therefore revealed that geologically constrained empirical resistivity equations are reliable for the estimation of aquifer hydraulic conductivity from surface resistivity data. The reason for the poor correlation of the N_Model and H_Model with the pumping test data in the study area is because local geology of the study area was not considered by the models.
Page(s): 133-141 Date of Publication: 01 July 2021
Blessing C. Ejiogu
Department of Physics, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri, Nigeria
Eugene I. Nwosu
Department Physics, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria
Ifeanyi I.C. Agbodike
Department Physics, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria
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Blessing C. Ejiogu, Eugene I. Nwosu, Ifeanyi I.C. Agbodike “Hydraulic Conductivity Estimates of Imo River Basin’s Aquiferous layers, Southeastern Nigeria Using Empirical Equations Derived from Electrical Resistivity Data” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.133-141 June 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/133-141.pdf
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Software Reusability: Approaches and Challenges
Moko Anasuodei, Ojekudo, Nathaniel Akpofure – May 2021 Page No.: 142-146
Software reuse is used to aid the software development process which in recent times can improve the resulting quality and productivity of software development, by assisting software engineers throughout various software engineering phases to enhance the quality of software, provide quick turnaround time for software development using few people, tools, and methods, which creates a good software quality by enhancing integration of the software system to provide a competitive advantage. This paper examines the concept of software reuse, the approaches to be considered for software reuse, which is broadly shared into three categories: component-based software reuse, domain engineering and software product lines, architecture-based software reuse and challenges that affect the software reuse development process.
Page(s): 142-146 Date of Publication: 03 July 2021
Moko Anasuodei
Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Federal University Otuoke, Nigeria
Ojekudo, Nathaniel Akpofure
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Nigeria
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Moko Anasuodei, Ojekudo, Nathaniel Akpofure , “Software Reusability: Approaches and Challenges” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.142-146 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6510
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Investigation of the Effect of Process Parameters and Kinetics on Sulphuric Acid-Sodium Hydroxide Catalyzed Transesterification of Mango Seed Oil
Harrison C. Idimogu, J.A. Okeke, R. E. Chukwumalu, – May 2021 Page No.: 147-153
Fatty acid ethyl ester synthesized by transesterification reaction of triglycerides with alcohol is a contemporary energy source that has gained the attention of many researchers due to various benefit associated with its usage. This research focused on the production of fatty acid ethyl ester from mango seed oil through transesterification reaction using acid-base catalytic method. It was observed that the maximum reaction rate was obtained at a stirrer speed of 500rpm, catalyst concentration of 1% and ethanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1 after a reaction time of 1 hour. The results showed that the yield of ethyl ester increased with increase in molar ratio up to 6:1 and at a temperature of 65oC for the reaction time of 1 hour, the molar ratio of 6:1 of ethanol/oil is the best condition for transesterification reaction of mango seed to biodiesel fuel. The kinetics of transesterification reaction was also investigated and its parameters showed that the reaction followed a second order with an overall rate constant 3.9 × 10−2 (%wt/wt min ◦C) −1 and a regression value of 0.9504. The activation energy for the reaction was estimated to be 94.23J/mol. The properties of the fatty acid-ethyl ester met the requirement for ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards for biodiesel. This implies that the biodiesel produced from mango seed oil using ethanol, a 100% renewable energy source is of acceptable quality and can be substituted for fossil-based diesel.
Page(s): 147-153 Date of Publication: 03 July 2021
Harrison C. Idimogu
Chemical Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
J.A. Okeke
Chemical Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
R. E. Chukwumalu
Chemical Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
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Harrison C. Idimogu, J.A. Okeke, R. E. Chukwumalu, “Investigation of the Effect of Process Parameters and Kinetics on Sulphuric Acid-Sodium Hydroxide Catalyzed Transesterification of Mango Seed Oil” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.147-153 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6511
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Review: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) – Will it become a therapeutic target for Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Darshana Kottahachchi, Sachini Gallage, Chamila Nandasena – May 2021 Page No.: 154-158
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a varied set of lymphoproliferative disorders initiatingfrom B, T, or natural killer (NK) lymphocytes. Common treatments of NHL include chemotherapy regimens, radiotherapy, rituximab administration, transfusion of blood products and Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Recently, several targeted therapies have been approved or are in the later phase of clinical trials and molecular targeted therapy is considered as a key aspect of NHL. Successful treatment of lymphoma may result from the induction of specific antitumor immunity. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are being investigated as a possible target in solid tumors and most of blood cancers to improve the effects of commonly used undergoing treatment. The anti-tumor immune response of a diseased person is inhibited by MDSC expansion, which restricts, cytokine secretion, T cell proliferation and the activation of regulatory T cells. In order to identify immunological therapeutic targets, it is critical to identify tumor-promoting factors. Since this environment is focus to low selective pressure for mutations, targeting the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) is a promising therapeutic option for Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The features, distribution, roles, cellular reactions, and aiming MDSCs in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma are discussed in this review.
Page(s): 154-158 Date of Publication: 03 July 2021
Darshana Kottahachchi
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka
Sachini Gallagea
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka
Chamila Nandasena
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka
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Darshana Kottahachchi, Sachini Gallage, Chamila Nandasena , “Review: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) – Will it become a therapeutic target for Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.154-158 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6512
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A Comparative Analysis of Software Development Methodologies
Gbaranwi, Barima Precious, Ojekudo, Nathaniel Akpofure – May 2021 Page No.: 159-166
Due to the advancement in technology, the operations of many organizations are automated in recent years. This is achieved using different softwares. Each software is developed using a particular method or a combination of two methods. The software development method adopted plays a significant role in the overall software development process. Nevertheless, most organizations and developers have difficulty in choosing the right software development methodology. This study discusses software development methodologies, different software development stages. It provides an analysis of various methodologies, highlights their strengths and drawbacks. It also examines the diverse methodologies in terms of suitability and when it is appropriate to use them.
Page(s): 159-166 Date of Publication: 03 July 2021
Gbaranwi, Barima Precious
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rivers State, Nigeria
Ojekudo, Nathaniel Akpofure
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rivers State, Nigeria
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[2] Rai, P., & Dhir, S. (2014). Impact of different methodologies in software development process. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, 5(2), 1112 – 1116.
[3] Dhami, H. P. S. (2016). Comparative study and analysis of software process models on various merits. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, 6(9), 234 – 243.
[4] Despa, M. L. (2014). Comparative study on software development methodologies. Database Systems Journal, 5(3), 37 – 55.
[5] Kumar, G., & Bhatia, P. K. (2014). Comparative analysis of software engineering models from traditional to modern methodologies. https://www.researchgate.net/260952270
[6] Kiran, H., Aditya, D., Rahul, C., & Manjula, R. (2016). Comparative analysis of agile software development methodologies – a review. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 6(3), 80 – 85.
[7] Moniruzzaman, A. B. M., & Hossain, S. A. (2013). Comparative study on agile software development methodologies. Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 13(7), 5 – 12.
[8] Suranya, P., Monica, V., Priyadharshini, J., & Deepa, N. (2017). Comparative study of software development methodologies. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(5), 172 – 179.
Gbaranwi, Barima Precious, Ojekudo, Nathaniel Akpofure “A Comparative Analysis of Software Development Methodologies” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.159-166 May 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6513
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Christian Missionaries and Education: Presbyterian Educational Chaplaincy as Holistic Mission Strategy for Transformational Development
Ebenezer Yaw Blasu (PhD) – May 2021 Page No.: 167-176
This paper surveys and analyses the history of the chaplains and missionaries who were educational pioneers in the Gold Coast (now Ghana). It seeks historical illumination and possible lessons from the early Christian missionary education enterprises in the Gold Coast so as to design holistic missional education policies and the praxis of moral and transformational development within the 21st-century Presbyterian education system in Ghana. One objective is to resolve the challenge of increasing moral degradation amongst the youth and students of Ghana, which affects their industry and employability. The analysis indicates that what eventually became synonymous with the Basel Mission’s educational system of ‘Presbyterian disciplined’ training had roots that spanned 430 years, dating back to about the mid-15th century. Preliminary foundations were laid sporadically by naval merchant chaplains from Portugal, Netherlands, Britain and Denmark for over 350 years before the Basel missionaries consolidated the educational edifice in terms of structure, content, management and expansion in the 19th century. The paper affirms that the ‘Presbyterian discipline’ educational system bequeathed by missionaries can inform an educational approach designed to produce moral transformation today. However, it also points out some effects of Western Enlightenment worldviews on the missionaries’ educational impact, which led them to impose European values rather than opening the way for African self-transformation. The conclusion suggests that PCG privatises its schools and design the centric curricula for holistic missional and moral and transformational education, taking into account the unity of truth, the integration of faith and learning, and the ministry of the Holy Spirit.
Page(s): 167-176 Date of Publication: 03 July 2021
Ebenezer Yaw Blasu (PhD)
Research Fellow, Akrofi-Christaller Institute of Theology, Mission and Culture, Akropong-Akuapem, Ghana
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Ebenezer Yaw Blasu (PhD), “Christian Missionaries and Education: Presbyterian Educational Chaplaincy as Holistic Mission Strategy for Transformational Development” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-5, pp.167-176 May 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-5/167-176.pdf
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