ACO-KNN Predictive Model for Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) | Volume VII, Issue V, May 2022 | ISSN 2454–6194

ACO-KNN Predictive Model for Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease

 Olukiran Oyenike Adunni¹, Omidiora Elijah Olusayo ², Olabiyisi Stephen Olatunde³, Shoyemi Olufemi Segun⁴, Segun Aina^5
1Department of Mathematical and Computing Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences,
KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
², ³Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering,
Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
⁴University of Plymouth, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Plymouth, United Kingdom
⁵Department of Computer Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria

Abstract: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) remains a worldwide health challenge that is increasing steadily. It is a chronic situation accompanied by an increase in morbidity, mortality, and also a risk of other several diseases like cardiovascular diseases and high healthcare costs. More than two million individuals over the globe receive dialysis or transplanting kidney treatment to stay alive, yet this figure shows only 10% represent people who need treatment to live. Early detection and management of CKD are necessary. It is important to predict the progression of CKD with reasonable accuracy due to its dynamic and covert nature in the early stages and patient heterogeneity. This paper presents a CKD predictive model by the introduction of a nature-inspired computation algorithm known as Ant Colony Optimization for the selection of discriminant attributes from the CKD indigenous dataset and employing some selected machine learning algorithms for classification. The CKD predicted model was evaluated using an indigenous dataset collected from Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) teaching hospital, Ogbomoso and Osogbo, University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Oyo State and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital (OAUTH), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Experimental results showed that binary classification for CKD predictive model produced the best accuracy of 99.13%, the best specificity of 0.9839, the best sensitivity of 0.9929 in ACO-KNN and also for the multistage CKD predictive model, the best outputs for accuracy, specificity, sensitivity are given respectively with 99.65%, 0.9956 and 1.000 in CKD patients with stage 2 disease Severity using ACO-KNN.

Keywords: Ant Colony Optimisation, Chronic Kidney Disease, Predictive Model, Morbidity

I.INTRODUCTION

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a continuous change in kidney structure, a function that leads to structural irregularities like cysts, tumours, malformations and atrophy that are obvious observations on imaging (Tabassum, Mamatha & Majumdar, 2017). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has become a transnational fitness problem, it is a situation where kidneys are damaged and that can no longer filter toxic wastes within the frame. A person diagnosed with CKD may suffer from reduced performance as well as the quality of living. CKD leads to other chronic diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure and other disorders [2]. High-risk groups are classified as a person with diabetes,

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