International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) |Volume VIII, Issue I, January 2023|ISSN 2454-6194
Design and Implementation of Automatic Smart Trash Bin for People with Disability
Akankpo, A.O.1, Adeniran, A.O.1*, Ayedun, F.2, Umoh, U. A.3, and Tom, J.G.4
1,3,4Department. of Physics, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
2Department of Physics, National Open University of Nigeria.
*Corresponding author
Abstract: – Dustbin Monitoring System is an automatic system, a new advancement in technology that can be used by all levels of society, particularly for people with disabilities. In this research, an automatic waste bin was designed and constructed using a series of components and electronics units such as Arduino circuit board, sensors and relays of different types and was programmed using C++. The system will notify the user when the fill level is reached to make cleanup or garbage collection. The system was designed with two ultrasonic sensors, one buzzer, LEDs, an Arduino microcontroller and a servo motor. This was achieved by placing one of the ultrasonic sensors in front of the trash can which measures the distance between the dustbin and the user, at the required distance (10m) the dustbin will open and close when the user walks in front and away from the dustbin while; the other ultrasonic sensor is placed at the base of the cover to buzz the buzzer and switches on the LED’s when the fill level is reached. Interfacing of components and coding of the microcontroller was also implemented due to the purpose of the system.
Keywords: Arduino, microcontroller, sensor and garbage
I. Introduction
The integration of technology into our daily lives requires the introduction of an automatic and self-controlled system. The need for making life easy and convenient for the masses and also to maintain, and manage homes and the environment to protect us from the outbreak of disease being caused by indiscriminate disposal of waste. The world today is moving fast along with the rapid flow of technology Dharmveer, et al., (2018). Now with changing this, applications or products that are very useful for all segments of society without thinking of their status are needed to be produced. If seen in the market most of the dustbins are manually operated with the use of leg and hand to open the lid of the dustbin before disposing of trash which is very difficult for persons with disabilities to operate. This research proposes a solution that empowers the waste monitoring systems and waste personnel to timely collection of waste by notifying when the fill-level is surpassed. Various research has been carried out by various researchers and engineers, and many of these researchers did not see the need for automatic waste bins but also the consideration for the use of Arduino as the bedrock and the brain for the automatic waste bin.
Environmental problems are caused in modern cities by indiscriminate waste disposal and waste collection Fady, (2017). Therefore, smart waste management systems became important for cities to be able to manage waste and keep our environment free of waste. Recently, the trend is shifting towards automation and internet of things (IoT) systems to overcome common problems encountered in waste management. Optimizing the process of trash collection is the main purpose of the smart solution provided by the industry. However, the cost of applying the solutions is still relatively high Anitha et al., (2016). This work also looks into a way of designing and constructing a cost-effective and avoidable automatic trash bin for localized and small-scale cases, such as small parks, primary and secondary schools, Universities and hospitals. A proper waste management system is a must for a hygienic society in general and the world as a whole. Waste which is one of the sources and causes of environmental pollution has been defined under the Resources Conservation and Recovery act as any semi-liquid or contained gaseous materials discarded from industrial, commercial, mining or agricultural operations and community activities. Waste also includes garbage, Construction debris and commercial refuse.
Waste and Waste Types
Waste is an unavoidable by-product of most human activity. Economics development and rising living standards in the Asian, African and Pacific regions have led to an increase in the quantity and complexity of generated waste, whilst industrial diversification and provision of expanded healthcare facilities.