Previous to Present Policies and Approaches for Slum and their Limitations: In Search of Sustainable Slum Upgrading Process in Developing Countries
- September 6, 2021
- Posted by: rsispostadmin
- Categories: Architecture, IJRISS, Social Science
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | Volume V, Issue VIII, August 2021 | ISSN 2454–6186
Kashfia Alam Khan
Department of Architecture, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Abstract: Slums- the living areas of urban poor, have always been treated like a burden for the city. But in reality, the labor of the slum dwellers is running the city mechanism. In developing cities it has become obvious to think about the slums in urban planning strategies as it is an unavoidable part of the city. Slum upgrading has been a complicated issue for decades in poverty surrounded countries of the world. Despite many experiments have been done till now, none of the process is proven to be sustainable to be used as a model for the poverty surrounded slums for upgrading. In this study the main idea was regarding the rationalization of slum upgrading models which are tend to be used as prototypes. The argument about sustainability of top-down program based slum upgrading projects is still very ambiguous in case of developing cities. Failure of top-down projects has promoted urban designers and urban planners to think about alternative approaches. In this research the aim was to find out the key reasons that are responsible for the unsustainability of the approaches of slum upgrading in developing world. At the end of the study modern complex theories of city life are interpret to point out that the intangible elements of slums are the essential part to consider for any upgrading system.
Keywords: Urban poor, slum, slum upgrading, urban design
I.INTRODUCTION
Economic and social disparity is quite apparent in third world developing countries such as in Bangladesh, India, Philippines, Africa and even in South America. Cities of developing world are expanding and more people are coming from the villages to the city for getting higher wage or just for survival. But they cannot afford to live in the city. Consequently slum builds up in some areas inside the city organically. As developments increases in the city, slums build up side by side simultaneously.
People who live in the slums are basically the manpower who works for low-income jobs, mainly labor work in the city. The income difference is huge between the rich and poor in developing cities and at this world of competition, the difference is getting bigger and bigger. Rich people are getting richer and poor are becoming poorer. This unexpected truth has been forcing the urban poor towards extreme poverty which has created a significant difference in urban rich and urban poor. At the end, the slums become very segregated individual parts of the city. city people remain totally away from the slum areas, consequently, slums are thought to be a burden for the image of a formal city.
