Spatial Distribution Patterns of Population Change for development in Sri Lanka with special reference to Mortality & Fertility (1992 – 2010) by using GIS
- November 13, 2018
- Posted by: RSIS
- Category: Social Science
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | Volume II, Issue XI, November 2018 | ISSN 2454–6186
M.R.N.S. Sumanapala
Road Development Authority
Abstract: – The population change refers to change in the number of people during the specific time. The world population has not been stable. It has increased manifold. Mortality and Fertility are the key indicators which say about the development of specific country or a region. Sri Lanka has experienced the changes in the context of population with the fluctuating level of Fertility (birth rate) and Mortality (death rate) which had on previous years. Main reason is development in regional wise.
The Study main objectives are identification of Spatial Distribution of Crude Death Rate (CDR) (1992-2010) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR) in Sri Lanka (1992 -2010). Actually this study is focused on that changes as spatial variation to show mapping work by using Geographic Information systems. Mainly this study is based on Secondary Data which gathered around 1992-2010 from, Department of Census & Statistics in Sri Lanka, Annual Health Statistics, Central Bank reports and Necessary web pages. Statistically calculated Data were entered to the GIS application. Under that, Sri Lanka District Shape File was used to show the Spatial Variation of Population change in year wise. Added Data were symbolized according to the given ranges such as, Very Low, Low, High and Very High. Data were presented mainly by using Choropleth Maps which prepared by GIS. Tables were used to present the data effectively.
Results were shown as the pattern of both mortality and fertility component were changed from 1992 – 2010 according to CDR and CBR. Especially in the case of CDR Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa and Nuwaraeliya District has significant distribution from 1992 to 2010. It means CDR were very high level category in 1992 but it reached to low level category to 2010. Advancement of health sector, Education development and high amount of Migration rate can be a cause for this significant change. Colombo and the Hambantota are the districts which shown in same distribution in CDR from 1992 to 2010. No any spatial variation. The reason is according to geographical features all the services are pointed to the Colombo city and it results high population rate from 1992 to2010. Because majority of labor force are gathered around Colombo means western province in the country. The case of Hambantota is that people who living in the district is nominated as villages they are so isolated than others. Most of people are engaging with Chena cultivation and Paddy field works. In the context of CBR, Polonnaruwa and Nuwaraeliya District also shown significant spatial distribution from 1992 to 2010. Regional development acted for this variation among population.
Key Words: Development, Population, Spatial, Fertility, Mortality
