The Trajectory of Traditional Authority in Contemporary Governance; The Ghanaian Experience

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | Volume VI, Issue V, May 2022 | ISSN 2454–6186

The Trajectory of Traditional Authority in Contemporary Governance; The Ghanaian Experience

Anderson, Paul Kwaku Larbi
Center Planning for and Evaluation of Social Services (ZPE), University of Siegen, Germany

Abstract: The role of traditional authorities in local governance has evolved steadily in different parts of Africa. It is assumed that, in most parts of the continent, traditional authorities’ legitimacy enables them to play a lead role in local governance and development. This study scrutinizes the trajectory of traditional authority in contemporary governance. The objective is to review how social construction rooted in tradition is made to fit into contemporary society. Accordingly, an interpretive approach was adopted within a qualitative methodological framework which informed a case study as the research design type. Respondents were purposefully selected from the traditional council and local government functionaries in Nsawam-Adoagyiri, Suhum, and Cape Coast Municipalities in Ghana’s eastern and central regions. Data were obtained through one-on-one interviews, non-participant observation, documents, and material culture analysis. The findings of this study revealed that even though the role of traditional authorities in the community has evolved, post-colonial governments have not fully incorporated it into the local governance structure thereby restricting them to mere advisors and consultants on customs and traditions. Notwithstanding, traditional authorities are highly revered within the Ghanaian society with strong social bonds providing support as partners in development at the local level. Given that, this study recommends an operative institutional framework that not only involves traditional authority in local governance but duly involves and aptly defines their mandate in the community.

Keywords: Tradition, Authority, Chief, Pre-Colonial, Community

I. INTRODUCTION

Traditional authorities have been involved in the day-today-today administration at the local level since the pre-colonial period. The chieftaincy institution that epitomizes traditional authority in most societies, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, was used by the British colonial government to implement the “indirect rule” system as administrators in local governance. By far, traditional authorities continue to play a crucial role in promoting health, education, customs, and traditions as well as fighting for social injustices and economic development in their communities.
In Ghana, the fourth republican constitution seeks to consolidate the institution of chieftaincy with an entrenched provision as stipulated in Articles 270 and 290 (1). For instance, in Article 242 (d) the president holds it a duty to consult respective chiefs before the appointments of members to the district assembly[1]. Considering this, the involvement

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