Outcome-Based Education and Skill-Based Curriculum Development Under CBCS: Issues, Programme Objectives, Challenges and Policy Implications

In the contemporary era of globalization, rapid technological advancement, and changing employment patterns, higher education systems are under increasing pressure to produce graduates who are not only knowledgeable but also skilled, adaptable, and industry-ready. Traditional content-centric curricula have often failed to bridge the gap between academic learning and practical application. In response to this challenge, educational reforms such as the Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) and Outcome-Based Education (OBE) have emerged as transformative frameworks in higher education, particularly in India. The integration of skill-based curriculum development within CBCS, supported by clearly defined OBE programme objectives, represents a significant shift from teacher-centric to learner-centric education.

Skill-Based Curriculum, CBCS, Outcome-Based Education (OBE), Programme Objectives

1. Agarwal, P. (2018). Indian Higher Education: Envisioning the Future. New Delhi: Sage Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Bloom, B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals. New York: Longman. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Spady, W. G. (1994). Outcome-Based Education: Critical Issues and Answers. Arlington, VA: American Association of School Administrators. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. University Grants Commission (UGC). (2015). Guidelines for Choice Based Credit System. New Delhi: UGC. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). (2020). Manual for Higher Education Institutions. Bangalore: NAAC. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Government of India. (2020). National Education Policy 2020. New Delhi: Ministry of Education. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Kumar, R., & Singh, S. (2021). Skill-based education and employability in India. International Journal of Educational Development, 82, 102–110. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. NBA. (2019). Outcome-Based Accreditation Manual. New Delhi: National Board of Accreditation. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• “A Study on Assesing The Pros and Cons of Adopting Green HRM Practices in Higher Educational Institutions”
• Analysis of Impact of GST Announcements on Indian Stock Market
• Shaping Commerce Education through AI and Fintech Pedagogies in Bengaluru
• Education Loan in Higher Education: A Study with Special Reference to Dakshina Kannada
• Education Loan in Higher Education: A Study with Special Reference to Dakshina Kannada