An Analysis of Heat Transfer and the Impact of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles on Blood Flow Within Arterial Stenosis

The current study's simulation made use of COMSOL Multiphysics' CFD. Blood was used as the basic fluid in this simulation. Blood was considered to be a laminar, unstable, and incompressible Newtonian fluid, and its Newtonian nature is tolerable at high shear rates. The behavior of blood flow was investigated to ascertain the effects of temperature, velocity, and pressure through vascular stenosis. Gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles were the two types utilized in this investigation. The mass, momentum, and energy equations were solved using the CFD method.
A fine element size mesh was made using COMSOL. The analysis's conclusions show that the artery's velocity fluctuates over constrained sections, falling both before and after the stenotic zone and being higher in a diseased location. The heat transfer feature's upper and lower boundary temperatures were selected to be 24.85°C and 27.35°C, respectively. The nanoparticles affected the density, specific heat, dynamic viscosity, and thermal conductivity of blood. The use of gold and silver nanoparticles prevented overheating since they both have high thermal conductivity, which is essential for quickly dispersing heat. Nusselt number variations were also calculated, and the results show that the curve decreases inside the stenosis. At t = 0.7 s and 1 s, recirculation occurs right after the stenosed area, and it is possible to infer that the streamlines behave abnormally. These discoveries will have a significant impact on the treatment of stenosed arteries.

Newtonian fluid, blood flow, unsteady, CFD

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