Implementation of Clinical Supervision Strategies on the Individual Performance Commitment Review (IPCR) Of Nurses in a Government Hospital

This study aimed to determine the implementation of clinical supervision strategies in terms of purpose, process, and impact, describe nurses’ IPCR scores, and examine the relationship between clinical supervision strategies and performance ratings. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed involving 205 registered nurses in a Level II government hospital in Surigao City, Philippines. Data were gathered using the Questionnaire for Implementation of Clinical Supervision Strategies (QICSS) and official IPCR records obtained with consent. Descriptive statistics and Pearson r were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that clinical supervision strategies were implemented at a very high level, while nurses’ IPCR ratings were generally very satisfactory. However, no significant relationship was found between the implementation of clinical supervision strategies and IPCR scores. These results suggest that clinical supervision primarily functions as a developmental and supportive process, while performance appraisal reflects institutional standards and measurable outputs. The study recommends strengthening alignment between supervision practices and performance evaluation systems through a Clinical Supervision Performance Enhancement Plan to further support nursing development and organizational effectiveness.

Clinical supervision, nursing performance, IPCR, performance appraisal

1. Ablao, G. O., & Alvarado, A. E. A. (2025). Individual performance of CIMC staff nurses and patient satisfaction: Its relationship in maintaining quality standards of care. Health Access Journal, 2(3), 93–107. https://doi.org/10.31290/haj.v2i3.5462 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Alsadaan, N., Salameh, B., Reshia, F. A. A. E., Alruwaili, R. F., Alruwaili, M., Awad Ali, S. A., ... & Jones, L. K. (2023). Impact of nurse leaders behaviors on nursing staff performance: a systematic review of literature. : The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 60, 00469580231178528. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Alvarado, A. E., & Ablao, G. O. (2025). Individual Performance of CIMC Staff Nurses and Patient Satisfaction: its Relationship in Maintaining Quality Standards of Care. Health Access Journal, 2(3), 93-107. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Anggeria, E., & Damanik, D. W. (2022). Effective clinical supervision in nursing: systematic review. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(F), 525-530. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Atashi, V., Movahedi Najafabadi, M., Afshari, A., & Ghafari, S. (2024). Barriers to effective clinical supervision from the perspective of nurses: A descriptive qualitative study. Nursing Open, 11(1), e2028. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Balay-odao, E. M., Almazan, J., Mesde, J., Bajet, J. B., Alquwez, N., Danglipen, C. C., & Cruz, J. P. (2025). Influence of Clinical Supervision and Ethical Sensitivity on the Compassion Competence of Nursing Students. Health Professions Education, 11(3), 11. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Balay-Odao, E. M., Moulic, A. A., & Paloga, C. N. (2024). Influence of Perceived Clinical Supervision of Student Nurses on their Burnout Experience. Health Professions Education, 10(1), 4. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Baldwin, S., Coyne, T., & Kelly, P. (2022). Supporting nursing, midwifery and allied health professional teams through restorative clinical supervision. British Journal of Nursing, 31(20), 1058-1062. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Cadag, C. E. (2024). The effectiveness of individual performance commitment review form as an evaluation tool to improve teachers’ performance: basis for technical assistance. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 5(2), 724-747. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Chen, H., Chen, Y., Zheng, A., Tan, X., & Han, L. (2025). Factors related to professional commitment of nursing students: a systematic review and thematic synthesis. BioMedical Center Medical Education, 25(1), 248. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Civil Service Commission. (2012). Guidelines on the establishment and implementation of agency Strategic Performance Management System (SPMS) (Memorandum Circular No. 06, s. 2012). https://www.csc.gov.ph/phocadownload/MC2012/MC%20No.%2006,%20s.%202012.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Delima, M., Dioso, R. I., Aljaberi, M. A., Anggreiniboti, T., Raymond, J., Devitra, A., & Elghannam, T. A. (2024). Relationship of Motivation and Supervision with Nurse Performance in Implementing Nursing Care. International Journal of Nursing Information, 3(2), 22-30. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Edgar, D., Moroney, T., & Wilson, V. (2024). Enhancing new graduate nurses and midwives person-centredness through clinical supervision during COVID-19: Evaluation of a non-randomized intervention study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 80(6), 2415–2428. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16012 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Edgar, D., Moroney, T., & Wilson, V. (2024). Enhancing new graduate nurses and midwives person-centredness through clinical supervision during COVID-19: Evaluation of a non-randomized intervention study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 80(6), 2415–2428. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16012 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Edgar, D., Moroney, T., & Wilson, V. (2024). Enhancing new graduate nurses and midwives person-centredness through clinical supervision during COVID-19: Evaluation of a non-randomized intervention study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 80(6), 2415–2428. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.16012 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500–507. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Eisenberger, Robert & Huntington, Robin & Hutchison, Steven & Sowa, Debora. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology. 71. 500-507. 10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Ernawati, E., Damris, D. M., Revis, A., & Elrifda, S. (2022). How effective is clinical supervision in nursing? A systematic review. Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care, 8(2), 69-78. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Gheisari, F., et al. (2024). The effect of clinical supervision model on nurses’ self-efficacy and communication skills in the handover process. BMC Nursing, 23, Article 350. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02350-9 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Hudays, A., Gary, F., Voss, J. G., Hazazi, A., Arishi, A., & Al-Sakran, F. (2023). Job satisfaction of nurses in the context of clinical supervision: A systematic review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 21(1), 6. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Jaber, M. J., Alshodukhi, A. M., Bindahmsh, A. A., Baker, O. G., Almutairi, A. O., Kanaan, A., du Preez, S. E., & Jaber, S. J. (2024). Nurses’ views and attitudes of the performance appraisal system efficacy and its impact on their work outcomes in a tertiary hospital. Global Journal on Quality and Safety in Healthcare, 8(3), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.36401/JQSH-24-19 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Jaber, M. J., Alshodukhi, A. M., Bindahmsh, A. A., Baker, O. G., Almutairi, A. O., Kanaan, A., du Preez, S. E., & Jaber, S. J. (2024). Nurses’ views and attitudes of the performance appraisal system efficacy and its impact on their work outcomes in a tertiary hospital. Global Journal on Quality and Safety in Healthcare, 8(3), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.36401/JQSH-24-19 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Krijgsheld, M., Tummers, L. G., & Scheepers, F. E. (2022). Job performance in healthcare: a systematic review. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 149. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Labrague, L. J. (2024). Stress as a mediator between abusive supervision and clinical nurses’ work outcomes. International nursing review, 71(4), 997-1004. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Majuray, N. K. P. (2025). Job Satisfaction and Performance of Employees of Conner District Hospital: Basis for Capacitation Plan. AIDE Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 11, 55-82. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Maravilla, G. J., & Tuble, R. (2025). Organizational Commitment and Job Performance of Employees in a Select National Government Agency. Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 3(7), 483-494. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Martin, P., Lizarondo, L., Kumar, S., & Snowdon, D. (2021). Impact of clinical supervision on healthcare organisational outcomes: A mixed methods systematic review. PloS one, 16(11), e0260156. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Mokhtari, M., Khalifehzadeh-Esfahani, A., & Mohamadirizi, S. (2022). The effect of the clinical supervision model on nurses’ performance in atrial fibrillation care. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 27(3), 216-220. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Mugwari, M. J., van Wyk, N. C., & Lavhelani, N. R. (2025). Nursing students’ appreciation of clinical supervision during work-integrated learning. Health SA Gesondheid, 30, 2985. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v30i0.2985 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Phukubye, T. A., Mbombi, M. O., & Mothiba, T. M. (2021). Strategies to enhance knowledge and practical skills of triage amongst nurses working in the emergency departments of rural hospitals in South Africa. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(9), 4471. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Putra, K. R., Andayani, T., & Ningrum, E. H. (2021). Job satisfaction and caring behavior among nurses in a military hospital: A cross-sectional study. Journal of public health research, 10(2), jphr-2021. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Rothwell, C., Kehoe, A., Farook, S. F., & Illing, J. (2021). Enablers and barriers to effective clinical supervision in the workplace: a rapid evidence review. Biomedical Journal open, 11(9), e052929. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Saab, M. M., Kilty, C., Meehan, E., Goodwin, J., Connaire, S., Buckley, C., ... & Horgan, A. (2021). Peer group clinical supervision: Qualitative perspectives from nurse supervisees, managers, and supervisors. Collegian, 28(4), 359-368. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Sarmiento, A. D. N., Rabilas, J. A. S., Rimada, R. A. M., Rimorin, K. C. E., Salangsang, J. J. I., Soriano, I. F., ... & Bandaay, C. M. (2024). Exploring Job Satisfaction and Performance of Staff Nurses in Baguio City, Philippines: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study. Philippine Journal of Nursing, 94(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Sellers, E., Craven‐Staines, S., & Vaughan, C. (2025). Clinical supervision effectiveness in NHS nursing, medical and allied health professionals: Exploring interaction with workplace factors, supervision factors and burnout. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 31(5), e14149. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Shahzeydi, A., et al. (2024). The effect of the clinical supervision model on nursing internship students’ nursing process-based performance: An experimental study. Biomedical Center Nursing, 23, Article 1840. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01840-0 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. Shahzeydi, A., Farzi, S., Tarrahi, M. J., Sabouhi, F., Babaei, S., & Yazdannik, A. (2024). The effect of the clinical supervision model on nursing internship students’ nursing process-based performance: an experimental study. Biomedical center Nursing, 23(1), 166. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Shin, S., Lee, I., Kim, J., Oh, E., & Hong, E. (2023). Effectiveness of a critical reflection competency program for clinical nurse educators: A pilot study. BMC Nursing, 22, 69. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01236-6 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. Sy, A. D. R., Gonzales, M. K. D., & Rodriguez, R. C. C. (2023). Work-related quality of life and performance appraisal among nurses at a tertiary hospital in Philippines. Journal of Integrative Nursing, 5(3), 179-187. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. The effect of the clinical supervision model on nursing internship students’ nursing process-based performance: An experimental study. (2024). BioMedical Center Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01840-0 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. United Nations. (2023). The sustainable development goals report 2023. United Nations. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2023/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. Winstanley, J., & White, E. (2003). Clinical supervision: Models, measures and best practice. Nurse Researcher, 10(4), 7–38. https://doi.org/10.7748/nr2003.07.10.4.7.c5871 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Winstanley, Julie & White, Edward. (2003). Clinical Supervision: Models, Measures and Best Practice. Nurse Researcher. 10. 7-38. 10.7748/nr2003.07.10.4.7.c5904. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Yap, L. A. D., Dupaya, J. M. E., Incognito, M. J. A., Yañez, J. Y. I., Pura, R. B. E., Candelaria, C. C., ... & Ferrolino, A. M. (2024). Correlation between Productivity and Relationship with Co-Workers and Supervisors among Selected Nurses in Quezon City. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• Measuring Waste of Patient Time in Health Care at Non-Digitized Hospital: An Observational Study in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh
• Reaffirming Clinical Confidence in Atorvastatin Therapy: A Digital Outreach Case Study from Tamil Nadu, India
• Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Response in a Patient with Hypothyroidism: A Case Report
• Eranda (Ricinus Communis) In Gridhrasi (Sciatica): Classical Rationale, Pharmacology and Clinical Evidence- A Narrative Literature Review
• Magnetotherapy in Pain Management: Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Future Perspectives – A Review