Inventory and Diversity Analysis of Anurans in the Mulawarman University Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK), Samarinda, East Kalimantan

Anurans are amphibians that serve as important bioindicators of environmental quality, making biodiversity inventories essential for supporting conservation efforts. Information on the species composition, community structure, and conservation status of anurans in the Mulawarman University Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK) remains limited. This study aimed to inventory anuran species, analyze their community structure, and evaluate the conservation status of the recorded species. Field surveys were conducted from April to June 2026 using transect sampling combined with the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method. Data were analyzed using species composition, the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H'), Pielou's evenness index (E), Simpson's dominance index (C), and conservation status based on the IUCN Red List, CITES, and the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia No. P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. A total of 17 anuran species belonging to five families were recorded, comprising 248 individuals. Rhacophoridae exhibited the highest species richness, whereas Bufonidae was the most abundant family, dominated by Ingerophrynus divergens. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H' = 2.203) indicated moderate diversity, the evenness index (E = 0.778) indicated a relatively even distribution of individuals among species, and the Simpson dominance index (C = 0.160) indicated low species dominance. All recorded species were classified as Least Concern (LC) by the IUCN and were not listed under CITES or the protected species list of Indonesia. These findings indicate that the Mulawarman University Forest Area with Special Purpose continues to provide suitable habitat for anuran communities and offers valuable baseline information for biodiversity management and conservation in the area.

Anurans, biodiversity, conservation, inventory, KHDTK

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