From Clicks to Contracts: Consumer Trust and Legal Challenges in Malaysia’s Social Media Commerce

Authors

Norhaini Nion

Faculty of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sabah Branch, Kota Kinabalu Campus, Sabah (Malaysia)

Muhammad Izwan Ikhsan

Faculty of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sabah Branch, Kota Kinabalu Campus, Sabah (Malaysia)

Ku Mohd Amir Aizat Ku Yusof

Faculty of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sabah Branch, Kota Kinabalu Campus, Sabah (Malaysia)

Hershan@Ray Herman

Sabah Energy Corporation Sdn. Bhd., Kota Kinabalu Sabah (Malaysia)

Rafidah@Malissa Salleh

Faculty of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sabah Branch, Kota Kinabalu Campus, Sabah (Malaysia)

Lenny James Matah

Faculty of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sabah Branch, Kota Kinabalu Campus, Sabah (Malaysia)

Ayuni Azman

Syed Dzahir Zahirah & Co, Putra Point Commercial Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor (Malaysia)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2025.910000514

Subject Category: Law

Volume/Issue: 9/10 | Page No: 6299-6309

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2025-10-24

Accepted: 2025-10-30

Published: 2025-11-18

Abstract

Social media were originally intended as mediums for communication. Although legal protection still lags as compared to digital evolution, it has been continuously used as an informal platform for marketplaces in Malaysia. This study aims to explore the demographic, platform preferences, problems with online shopping and perceptions of legal framework using data collected through Google Forms (N=206). The findings indicate, TikTok was identified as the primary platform for online shopping. Additionally, a large number of respondents faced a wide range of problems such as fraud, counterfeit goods, damaged items and misleading advertisements. This has led to moderate trust in online safety and existing law. The results highlight an urgent need for consumer education enhancement and enforcement mechanisms for a better protection of online consumers.

Keywords

online shopping, social media

Downloads

References

1. Abdallah, A. (2021). Fake news, false advertising, social media and the tourism industry. International Journal of Development Research, 11(7), 48999-49003. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Ahmad, N. R. (2025). Digital marketing strategies and consumer engagement: A comparative study of traditional vs. e-commerce brands. The Critical Review of Social Sciences Studies, 3(1), 1537– 1548. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Alibeigi, A., & Munir, A. B. (2016, April). Electronic contracts, the Malaysian perspective. In 2016 10th International Conference on e-Commerce in Developing Countries: with focus on e-Tourism (ECDC) (pp. 1-7). IEEE. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Amin, N., & Mohd Nor, R. (2013). Online shopping in Malaysia: Legal protection for econsumers. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(24), 79-86. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Asuhaimi, F. A., Abd Ghadas, Z. A., & Nawang, N. I. (2022). Sale of merchantable quality goods in today’s online contract: Issues and challenges. Indonesian Comparative Law Review, 4(2), 71-80. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Attar, R. W., Almusharraf, A., Alfawaz, A., & Hajli, N. (2022). New trends in e-commerce research: Linking social commerce and sharing commerce: A systematic literature review. Sustainability, 14(23), 16024. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Aziz, A. A., Rashid, R. M., & Adnan, W. H. (2021). The usage of Instagram and e-commerce platform during COVID-19 among mothers. Journal of Media and Information Warfare, 14(1), 107–122. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Balarabe, U. B. (2020). Survey on the usage of WhatsApp and Instagram social media as advertising tools. Academia: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 10(4), 226–232. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Binding, J., & Purnhagen, K. (2011). Regulations on e-commerce consumer protection rules in China and Europe compared – same but different? Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and Electronic Commerce Law, 3, 186-194. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Bokolo, B. G., & Liu, Q. (2024). Artificial intelligence in social media forensics: A comprehensive survey and analysis. Electronics, 13(9), 1671. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Busalim, A. H., & Hussin, A. R. C. (2016). Understanding social commerce: A review. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 11(3), 71–88. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Busby, M. (2024, December 17). Drug dealers have moved on to social media. WIRED. Retrieved from https://www.wired.com/story/drug-dealers-have-moved-onto-social-media/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Business Today. (2023, October 20). e-Commerce Scam in Malaysia Reaches Scary Levels, With RM163 Million in Losses. Retrieved from https://www.businesstoday.com.my/2023/10/20/e-commercescam-in-malaysia-reaches-scary-levels-with-rm163-million-in-losses/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Capital One Shopping. (2025, July 9). Consumer behavior statistics, trends & data (2025 report). Retrieved from https://capitaloneshopping.com/research/consumer-behavior-statistics [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Celestin, P. (2024). How E-Commerce Law Is Evolving to Address Consumer Protection and Digital Marketplace Regulations. Brainae Journal of Business, Sciences and Technology, 8(6), 1058– 1069. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Curty, R. G., & Zhang, P. (2013). Website features that gave rise to social commerce: a historical analysis. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 12(4), 260-279. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. DataReportal. (2023). Digital 2023: Malaysia. Retrieved from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2023-malaysia [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. DataReportal. (2024). Digital 2024: Malaysia. Retrieved from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-malaysia [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Dincer, C., & Dincer, B. (2023). Social commerce and purchase intention: A brief look at the last decade by bibliometrics. Sustainability, 15(1), 846. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Dwivedi, Y. K., Ismagilova, E., Rana, N. P., et al. (2023). Social media adoption, usage and impact in business-to-business (B2B) context: A state-of-the-art literature review. Information System Frontiers, 25, 971–993. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Dzreke, S., & Dzreke, S. (2025). Influence of social media on consumer behavior: Investigating how social media platforms shape consumer purchasing decisions and loyalty. Open Journal of Business and Management, 13(2), 1154–1175. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Gulati, K., Ahuja, D., Chauhan, K., Patwardhan, M., & Upadhyaya, A. (2025). Shopping lies and consumer trust in the age of online marketing. Advances in Consumer Research, 1, 300–308. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Hajli, N. (2015). Social commerce constructs and consumers’ intention to buy. International Journal of Information Management, 35(2), 183–191. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Hassan, H. (2025, July 9). Thousands of unapproved health and cosmetic products seized in KL raids. New Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/news/crime- [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. courts/2025/07/1247700/thousands-unapproved-health-and-cosmetic-products-seized-kl-raids [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Hassan, M.-H., Moyes, G. D., & Mohd-Sanusi, Z. (2010). The enforcement role of the Companies’ Commission of Malaysia. International Business & Economics Research Journal, 9(2), 135– 148. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Hoguet, T. (2024, February 28). Estimating the impact of regulation on business. The Regulatory Review. Retrieved from https://www.theregreview.org/2024/02/28/hoguet-estimating-the-impact-ofregulation-on-business/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Hu, Y., & Zhu, L. (2022). Cross-cultural analysis of social media influence on online shopping behaviour. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 46(3), 321–335. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Ikhsan, M. I., Ku Yusof, K. M. A. A., Salleh, R., & Matah, L. J. (2023). The price of beauty: Unmasking the regulatory challenges in beauty and wellness industry in Malaysia. Legal Network Series (Articles), 1, lxxx. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Israel, G. D. (1992). Determining sample size (PEOD6). University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agriculture Sciences, EDIS. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Kajaria, R. (2024). From likes to purchases: Social media’s impact on consumer behaviour. Journal of Digital Commerce, 12(1), 45–59. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Kok, A. (2024). How are digital scams being addressed? Current Law Journal (Articles), lix. [33] Lăzăroiu, G., Neguriţă, O., Grecu, I., Grecu, G., & Mitran, P. C. (2020). Consumers’ decisionmaking process on social commerce platforms: Online trust, perceived risk, and purchase intentions. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(890), 1-7. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Li, M., Huang, L., Tan, C. H., & Wei, K. K. (2013). Helpfulness of online product reviews as seen by consumers: Source and content features. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 17(4), 101-136. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Malbon, J. (2013). Taking fake online consumer reviews seriously. Journal of Consumer Policy, 36(2), 139-157. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Mata, F. J., & Quesada, A. (2014). Web 2.0, social networks and e-commerce as marketing tools. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 9(1), 56-69. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. Mehta, K. R. (2024). The effectiveness of 2020 e-commerce rules in protecting consumer rights. Law and Economy, 3(10), 14–22. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Mohd Shafi, M. I., & Ahmad, H. H. (2000). Consumer protection in Malaysia – The need for a holistic approach. Malaysian Journal of Consumer & Family Economics, 3, 1-7. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. Mokhtar, N.A. (2024, November 25). Pengguna media sosial cecah 28.6 juta, sindiket tipu pelaburan mudah cari mangsa (Social media users reach 28.6 million, investment scam syndicate easy to find victims). BH Online. Retrieved from https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2024/11/1329077/pengguna-media-sosial-cecah-286-jutasindiket-tipu-pelaburan-mudah [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. Nawang, N. I. (2014). Greater freedom in the cyberspace? An analysis of the regulatory regime of the internet in Malaysia. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, 5(4), 40-44. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. Palanissamy, A. (2013). Legal issues in e‑commerce and e‑contracting: An overview of initiatives in Malaysia. International Journal of e‑Education, e‑Business, e‑Management and e‑Learning, 3(2), 173–176. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. Pavlou, P. A. (2003). Consumer acceptance of electronic commerce: Integrating trust and risk with the technology acceptance model. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 7(3), 101–134. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Phan, T.L.T. 2022, August 5). Improving consumer protection law to better guarantee e‑consumer rights. Vietnam Law Magazine. Retrieved from https://vietnamlawmagazine.vn/improvingconsumer-protection-law-to-better-guarantee-e-consumer-rights-48868.html [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Pratiwi, M. A., Ardenis, D. M., Nugraha, A., & Zahra, N. (2023). Pemanfaatan media Telegram dalam peningkatan frekuensi klik tautan unik dan komisi penjualan pemasar afiliasi e-commerce (The use of Telegram media in increasing the click frequency of unique links and sales commissions of e-commerce affiliate marketers). Journal of Social and Economics Research, 5(2), 941–955. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

45. Radiant Institute. (2025, March 16). Malaysian consumer behavior (post-pandemic). Retrieved from https://radiant.institute/malaysian-consumer-behavior-post-pandemic/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

46. Rao, M. B., Hymavathi, C. L., & Rao, M. M. (2022). Factors affecting female consumers’ online buying behavior. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Studies, 22(2), 1–20. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

47. Riefa, C. (2019). Consumer protection on social media platforms: Tackling the challenges of social commerce. In EU Internet Law in the Digital Era: Regulation and Enforcement (pp. 321-345). Cham: Springer International Publishing. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

48. Roslan, A. K., Fakrudin, N. S. A. M., Ghani, N. A. A., Saad, H. M., & Ishak, S. (2022). Legal protection of e-consumers in Malaysia. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 7(29), 223-241. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

49. Rybaczewska, M., & Sparks, L. (2022). Ageing consumers and e-commerce activities. Ageing and Society, 42(8), 1879–1898. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

50. Saha, S., & Nair, S. R. (2019). Consumer behavior towards online shopping: An empirical study. International Journal of Management Studies, 6(1), 45–58. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

51. Sarkar, G., & Shukla, S.K. (2023). Behavioral analysis of cybercrime: Paving the way for effective policing strategies, Journal of Economic Criminology, 2, 100034 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

52. Sarker, M., Sarker, M., Munerah, S., Teh, A. Y., & Hoque, I. (2024, May). What makes consumers buy from the informal rather than formal retail market? A consumption value perspective. The Bottom Line: Managing Library Finances, 37(2), 122–139. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

53. Schecter, A., & Bladt, C. (2024, October 7). Guns for sale on social media despite Meta's policies against it. CBS News. Retrieved from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/guns-for-sale-meta-facebookinstagram-policies/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

54. Scott, C. (2018). Enforcing consumer protection laws. In Handbook of Research on International Consumer Law, 2nd edn. (pp. 466-490). Edward Elgar Publishing. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

55. Talib, Y. Y. A., & Rusly, F. H. (2015, October 20–22). Falling prey for social media shopping frauds: The victims’ perspective [Conference presentation]. International Conference of E-commerce, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

56. Tarnanidis, T. (2024). Exploring the impact of mobile marketing strategies on consumer behavior: A comprehensive analysis. International Journal of Information, Business and Management, 16(2), 1–17. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

57. Teo, C. B. C., & Yusof, M. Z. M. (2017). The counterfeit goods conundrum: An analysis of demand situation among Malaysian consumers. Journal of International Business, Economics and Entrepreneurship, 2(2), 11–19. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

58. Thambirajah, S. (2021, July 5). Be wary of shopping via social media platforms - FOMCA. The Sun. Retrieved from https://thesun.my/home-news/be-wary-of-shopping-via-social-media-platformsGA8031976 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

59. To, T. H., Do, D. K., Bui, L. T. H., & Pham, H. T. L. (2020). Factors affecting customer satisfaction when buying on Facebook in Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 267–273. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

60. Trianto, B., Nik Azman, N. H., & Masrizal, M. (2025). E-payment adoption and utilisation among micro-entrepreneurs: A comparative analysis between Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 16(2), 314–343. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

61. Tseng, H. T. (2023). Shaping path of trust: the role of information credibility, social support, information sharing and perceived privacy risk in social commerce. Information Technology & People, 36(2), 683-700. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

62. Vinodh, K., Mahendran, K., Lavanya, S. M., Sriram, N., & Kalpana, M. (2024). A systematic literature review on social media marketing and consumer behaviour. Journal of Family Ecology and Consumer Sciences, 52(1), 32-55. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

63. Yahya, R. (2024, November 22). Penipuan dalam talian: Pengendali media sosial perlu tingkatkan sekuriti (Online fraud: Social media operators need to improve security). Sinar Harian. Retrieved from https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/703282/berita/nasional/penipuan-dalam-talianpengendali-media-sosial-perlu-tingkatkan-sekuriti [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

64. Zaharon, N.F.M. & Ali, M.M. (2021). Phishing as cyber fraud: The implications and governance. Hong Kong Journal of Social Sciences, 57, 120-133. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

65. Zhang, G. (2023). The influence of social media marketing on consumers' behaviour. Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Management Research and Economic Development, 119-124. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

66. Zhang, X. A. (2017). Effects of Twitter communication styles on consumers’ brand personality perceptions, attitudes and purchase intentions. International Journal of Internet Marketing and Advertising, 11(2), 158–172. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles