CipherGuard : A Threshold Cryptography Framework for Secure Blockchain Key Management

The proliferation of blockchain technology has necessitated robust mechanisms for cryptographic key management. Traditional storage methods, often relying on single private keys or mnemonic phrases, present a single point of failure (SPOF) wherein loss or theft results in the irreversible loss of assets. This paper presents "CipherGuard," a web-based demonstration platform that implements Shamir’s Secret Sharing (SSS) to mitigate these risks. By decomposing a secret into n shares such that any k shares can reconstruct it, CipherGuard demonstrates the information-theoretic security of threshold cryptography. This report critically analyzes the mathematical foundations of Lagrange Interpolation, details the TypeScript implementation of the algorithm, and evaluates its suitability against alternative control mechanisms like Multi-Signature (MultiSig) wallets. The study concludes that while SSS introduces implementation complexity, it offers superior privacy and off-chain recovery capabilities essential for institutional-grade blockchain custody.

Shamir Secret Sharing, Threshold Cryptography, Blockchain Security

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