Progress Towards UNAIDS 95-95-95 Targets Among People Living with HIV (PLHIV): A Longitudinal Analysis from Uttarakhand, India (2020–2025)

Background: The UNAIDS 95-95-95 framework represents the global benchmark for ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030. India, with approximately 2.35 million people living with HIV (PLHIV), faces significant regional heterogeneity in achieving these targets. Uttarakhand — a Himalayan state characterised by low HIV prevalence, dispersed population, and terrain-related structural barriers — remains underrepresented in sub-national HIV research.
Objectives: To compare Uttarakhand's performance on the three 95-95-95 indicators with national averages (2020–2025), assess temporal trends, and estimate the gap between current performance and the UNAIDS targets.
Methods: A retrospective longitudinal descriptive study was conducted using secondary programmatic data from the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) Annual Reports and the NACO Sankalak Report, 7th Edition (2025). Descriptive statistics and arithmetic projection modelling [Pₜ = P₀(1 + rt)] were applied.
Results: Uttarakhand's First 95 (diagnosis) improved from 51.1% (2020-21) to 76.3% (2024-25), yet trailed the national average (83.9%), leaving an 18.7 percentage-point gap. The Second 95 (ART coverage) reached 77.9% versus the national 86.6%, a 17.1 percentage-point deficit. Remarkably, the Third 95 (viral suppression) was achieved at 95% by 2023-24. District-level analysis identified Haridwar and Udham Singh Nagar as moderate-burden districts.
Conclusion: While Uttarakhand has achieved the viral suppression target, critical gaps persist in diagnosis and ART coverage. Intensified case-finding, linkage-to-care strategies, and district-targeted interventions are urgently needed to meet the 2030 elimination goal.

UNAIDS 95-95-95; HIV care continuum; Uttarakhand; PLHIV; antiretroviral therapy; viral suppression; longitudinal analysis; India; sub-national HIV targets

1. Hawal NP, Walvekar P, Bhandurge S. Longitudinal and survival analysis of a five-year anti-retroviral therapy cohort from Southern India: Progress and challenges in achieving the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets. Indian J Forensic Community Med. 2025;12(4):311–320. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Arya A, Raj TP, Tiwari VK. Navigating challenges and bridging gaps: Evaluating the 95-95-95 targets of UNAIDS in Northeast India's seven sister states. Indian J Community Fam Med. 2025;11(1):74–9. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. National AIDS Control Organization. HIV Estimation 2025: Technical Report. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India; 2025. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. National AIDS Control Organization. Sankalak: Status of National AIDS Response (State Fact Sheets). 7th ed. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India; 2025. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• Measuring Waste of Patient Time in Health Care at Non-Digitized Hospital: An Observational Study in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh
• Reaffirming Clinical Confidence in Atorvastatin Therapy: A Digital Outreach Case Study from Tamil Nadu, India
• Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Response in a Patient with Hypothyroidism: A Case Report
• Eranda (Ricinus Communis) In Gridhrasi (Sciatica): Classical Rationale, Pharmacology and Clinical Evidence- A Narrative Literature Review
• Magnetotherapy in Pain Management: Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Future Perspectives – A Review