Artificial Intelligence and Internal Security Management: A Study of Anambra State Police Command

Authors

Nwoye Chidubem Michael

Institute for Peace, Security and Development Studies, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State (Nigeria)

Mark Kingsley Chinonso PhD

Department of Political Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka (Nigeria)

Article Information

DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI.2026.1307000435

Subject Category: Computer Science

Volume/Issue: 13/7 | Page No: 5942-5952

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-08-07

Accepted: 2026-08-12

Published: 2026-08-24

Abstract

Anambra state is one of the flash-point of incessant incidents and increasing cases of insecurity challenges in Nigeria, amidst the euphoria for Artificial Intelligence which has gained considerable attention in virtually every sector of the national economy nay security sector. Acknowledging these facts, the study therefore explores Artificial Intelligence and internal security management with reference to the Anambra State Police Command. The paper adopted the mixed-method research design with emphasis on documentary sources. Data were collected through questionnaire instrument, and analyzed using content-analysis. The sample size of 394 respondents was determined from Taro Yamnane sample determination formulae. Purposive technique was also used to complement and randomly determine the 15 selected police officers across 39 divisions in Awka Area Command, Onitsha Area Command and Nnewi Area Command of Anambra state. From the response elicited from the hypothetical assumptions as stated in the 389 questionnaire instruments retrieved, the study revealed enormous challenges militating against efforts of Anambra State Police Command in internal security management measures as reasons were advanced for the usefulness of Artificial Intelligence though in anticipated logistic, attitudinal and institutional problems. From these findings, recommendations were made to bolster internal security management in Anambra through the use of Artificial Intelligence by the State Police Command.

Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Internal Security Management, State Police Command and Area Police Command

Downloads

References

1. Abayomi, O. K., Adenekan, F. N., Abayomi, A. O., Ajayi, T. A., & Aderonke, A. O. (2021). Awareness and perception of artificial intelligence in the management of university libraries in Nigeria. Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve, 29(1-2), 13-28. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. https://doi.org/10.1080/1072303X.2021.1924567 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Ahmad, T., Zhang, D., Huang, C., Zhang, H., Dai, N., Song, Y., & Chen, H. (2021). Artificial intelligence in sustainable energy industry: Status quo, challenges and opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 289, 125834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.125834 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Ajayi, A., Ajayi, O. B., Idowu, S., Ogbonna, C., & Otusile, O. (2020). Scalable unsupervised ensemble algorithm for effective insider threat detection. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management, 2(1), 418-418. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Complete citation for Akam, A., (2024). NGO reports on Anambra insecurity. Title of article]. Journal Name, Vol(Issue), pp-pp. doi:xx.xxx [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Albinali, M. (2022). AI security breach detection. IEEE journal. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Anazodo, U. C., Adewole, M., & Dako, F. (2022). AI for population and global health in radiology. Radiology: Artificial Intelligence, 4(4), e210217. https://doi.org/10.1148/ryai.210217 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Anderson, K. (2020) on "internal security" definition. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Angbulu, C. (2021), CCTV, drones and command centres: The missing links in Nigeria’s security. (2021, January 14). Daily Trust. Retrieved from https://dailytrust.com [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Ayokhai, F. E. F., & Bwashi, R. (2015). Resource control, federalism and peace in the Niger Delta: A reflection on Nigeria at fifty. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(24). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Ayokhai, F. E. F., & Peter, N. W. (2016). Towards resolving Nigeria’s development crisis: A historical diagnosis of the oil palm industry. International Journal of Asian Social Sciences, 6(9), 537–551. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Bright, J. E. H. (1978). Technology and the management of innovative change. European Journal of Teacher Education, 1(2), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/0261976780010204 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Davis, R. (2011). Social media and student engagement: A review. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 14(1), 137–148. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Demestichas, K., Peppes, N., Alexakis, T., & Adamopoulou, E. (2020). Blockchain in agriculture traceability systems: A review. Applied Sciences, 10(12), 4113. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10124113 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Edeh, F. O. (2024). Electric vehicle (EV) markets: A comparative analysis between India, Nigeria, and Indonesia. International Journal of Accounting and Finance in Asia Pacific, 7(1) [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. European Commission. (2020). White paper on artificial intelligence: A European approach to excellence and trust. Publications Office of the European Union. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0065 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Federal Government of Nigeria. (2019). National security strategy. Office of the National Security Adviser. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Friha, O., Ferrag, M. A., Shu, L., Maglaras, L., & Wang, X. (2021). Internet of things for the future of smart agriculture: A comprehensive survey of emerging technologies. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, 8(4), 718–752. https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2021.1003925 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Ferrag, M. A., Friha, O., Maglaras, L., Janicke, H., & Shu, L. (2021). Federated deep learning for cyber security in the internet of things: Concepts, applications, and experimental analysis. IEEE Access, 9, 138509–138542. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3118642 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Hoadley, C., & Vogel, S. (2018, Mar 13). Participating in literacies in computer science: RPP strategies. NSF CS for All PI Meeting, Alexandria [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Hornstein, H. A. (2015). The integration of project management and organizational change management is now a necessity. International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), 291–298. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.08.005 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Ikedife Dozie Jr (2025) Online interview; Vanguard News [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Jimoh, I. A., Küçükdemiral, I. B., & Bevan, G. (2021). Fin control for ship roll motion stabilisation based on observer enhanced MPC with disturbance rate compensation. Ocean Engineering, 224, 108706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.108706 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Jordan, M. I., & Mitchell, T. M. (2015). Machine learning: Trends, perspectives, and prospects. Science, 349(6245), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa8415 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Li, L., Shuang, Y., Ma, Q., Li, H., Zhao, H., Wei, M., Liu, C., Hao, C., Qiu, C., & Cui, T. J. (2019). Intelligent metasurface with dynamically reconfigurable holograms. Light: Science & Applications, 8(1), 97. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-019-0200-2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Meshoul, S., Batouche, A., Shaiba, H., & AlBinali, S. (2022). Explainable multi-class classification based on integrative feature selection for breast cancer subtyping. Mathematics, 10(22), 4271. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10224271 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Mobayo, J. O., Aribisala, A. F., Yusuf, S. O., & Belgore, U. (2021). Artificial Intelligence: Awareness and Adoption for Effective Facilities Management in the Energy Sector. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Moore, J., Li, S. W., Rustici, G., Tarkowska, A., Chessel, A., Leo, S., Antal, B., Ferguson, R. K., Sarkans, U., Brazma, A., Salas, R. E. C., & Swedlow, J. R. (2017). The Image Data Resource: A Bioimage Data Integration and Publication Platform. Nature Methods, 14(8), 775–781. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4326 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Nigerian Police Force. (2020). Crime statistics report: Anambra State. Abuja: NPF. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Nnabugwu, M. (2008). Methodology of Political Inquiry. Enugu: Quintagon Publishers. 141 pages. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Nwagboso, C.I. (2018). Nigeria and the challenges of internal security in the 21st century. European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 4, 15-33. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i2.p15-33 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Okeke, C.C. & Obionu, I.M. (2023). Effect of covid-19 lockdown on women and girls in Nigeria: experiences of gender-based violence, insecurity and wellbeing. International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 17 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Okoli, A. C., & Ayokhai, F. E. F. (2015). Insecurity and identity conflicts: A study of Fulani militancy in North-Central geo-political zone of Nigeria in the Fourth Republic. Studies in Politics and Society, 3(1), 228–242. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. Okoli, A. C., & Iortyer, P. (2014). Terrorism and humanitarian crisis in Nigeria: Insights from Boko Haram insurgency. Global Journal of Human-Social Science, 14(1), 39–49. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Okoli, A. C., & Agada, F. T. (2014). Kidnapping and national security in Nigeria. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(6), 137–146. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. Okoli, A. C., & Okpaleke, F. N. (2014). Banditry and crisis of public safety in Nigeria: Issues in national security strategies. European Scientific Journal, 10(4), 350–362. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. Nwosu, B., Okoli, C. R., Olumba, E., & Okpaleke, F. (2021). Farmer-Herder Crises, Uncivil Discourses and the Politics of Nigeria’s Security Responses. PhilPapers. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. Omemma, N. (2021). Anambra 2021 governorship election, PDP primaries, and Electoral Bill 2021. Vanguard news. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. Oshita, O. O., (2023). Conflict Resolution, Identity Crisis and Development in Africa. Institute of Peace. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Okwu, O., Hursthouse, A., Viza, E., & Idoko, L. (2021). Enhancement of WEEE Management Practices in MTN Phone Village, Rumukurushi, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling6040077 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

45. Okoro, E. E., Echendu, J., Okoye, L. U., Sanni, S. E., Orodu, K. B., & Okoro, R. I. (2021). Nigeria deep offshore inland basin production sharing contract acts: Evaluating contractor's take. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 11(4), 97-106. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.11244 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

46. Parasuraman, R., Sheridan, T. B., & Wickens, C. D. (2021). A model for types and levels of human interaction with automation. Researchdate. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

47. Police Watch. (2022). Official statistics of Anambra State Police Command. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

48. Puri, S. G., Wangikar, S. D., & Kapse, P. S. (2019). Adoption of recommended practices disseminated through agricultural polyclinics. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8(10), 1394–1399. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.810.163 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

49. Rutter, M. (2021). The interplay of nature, nurture, and developmental psychopathology: The challenge ahead. Development and Psychopathology, 33(4), 1067–1079. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

50. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421000415 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

51. Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2016). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach (3rd ed.). Pearson [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

52. Russell, S., & Norvig, P. (2021). Artificial intelligence: A modern approach (4th ed.). Pearson [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

53. Scott, A. J. (2023). Regions and the world economy: The coming shape of global production, competition, and political order. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 16(1), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsac042 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

54. Singh, R., Kang, A., Luo, X., Jeyaraman, M., Kalam, H., & Bonilla, A. (2021). COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge gap and challenges in the global fight against the pandemic. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 15(1), 257–260. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.12.005 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

56. Sinha, P., & Dhanalakshmi, V. (2022). Impact of digital learning tools on student engagement in higher education. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 50(3), 345–362. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

57. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472395211045678 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

58. Tadjbakhsh, S. (2005). Conflicted security: The case of Afghanistan. International Peacekeeping, 12(2), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/1353331042000329283 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

59. Tian, Y. (2017). The influence of social media on adolescent well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 1047–1055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.009 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles