Artificial Intelligence in Cold Chain Logistics for Vaccines and Biologics

The global distribution of vaccines and biologics depends heavily on reliable cold chain logistics systems that maintain strict temperature conditions from production to administration. Failures in these systems can result in reduced efficacy, financial losses, and compromised public health outcomes. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool for optimizing cold chain logistics through predictive analytics, real-time monitoring, anomaly detection, and intelligent decision-making. This literature review synthesizes current scholarly research on the application of AI in cold chain logistics for vaccines and biologics, highlighting key technologies such as machine learning, Internet of Things (IoT) integration, digital twins, and predictive maintenance. The review further evaluates the implications of AI adoption for global immunization programs, pandemic preparedness, and health system resilience, while also addressing challenges such as infrastructure limitations, data governance, and implementation costs.

Artificial Intelligence, Cold Chain Logistics, Vaccines, Biologics, IoT, Predictive Analytics, Supply Chain Optimization, Healthcare Logistics

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