Usability Evaluation of Online Food Delivery Applications for Users with Motor Impairments

Authors

Gabotero Madison L

School of Computer Studies Arellano University - JAS Campus Pasay City, Philippine (Philippine)

Dr. Erlito M. ALbina

School of Computer Studies Arellano University - JAS Campus Pasay City, Philippine (Philippine)

Article Information

DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI.2026.1310000087

Subject Category: Computer Science

Volume/Issue: 13/10 | Page No: 1151-1155

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-10-17

Accepted: 2026-10-22

Published: 2026-11-02

Abstract

Online food delivery platforms have become essential daily tools, yet their standard "one-size-fits-all" design creates barriers for persons with motor impairments. This study evaluated FoodPanda, GrabFood, and Lalamove using a descriptive-evaluative research design with 52 purposively selected respondents. Data were gathered through a structured survey covering Functionality, Usefulness, Ease of Use, Efficiency, and Satisfaction.
Results showed nearly 40% of users encountered accessibility barriers — primarily small touch targets and rigid timing. Functionality rated highest (4.33/5.0), while Efficiency was lowest (3.94/5.0), with overall usability at 4.36 (Very Good). Most participants were unaware of accessibility-focused delivery options. Consequently, Accessi-Bite Deliver — an inclusive design prototype — was developed to address identified gaps. Adoption of WCAG 2.2 standards is recommended for developers.

Keywords

Online Food Delivery, Usability, Accessibility, Motor Impairments, Inclusive Design, Accessi-Bite Delivery

Downloads

References

1. A. Hurst and S. Elera, "Mobile touchscreen interaction for users with motor impairments: A systematic review," ACM Transactions on Accessibility, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1–28, 2022. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. World Health Organization, World Report on Disability: Summary. Geneva: WHO Press, 2021. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. W3C, Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2, W3C Recommendation, Dec. 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. L. Dela Cruz and M. Reyes, "Interface design and accessibility: An assessment of Philippine food delivery platforms," Asia Pacific Journal on Disability, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 112–125, 2024. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Y. Gao and J. Seo, "Voice-assisted ordering interfaces: Effectiveness for users with dexterity impairments," IEEE Transactions on Accessible Computing, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 45–56, 2024. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. RRL [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. World Health Organization, World Report on Disability: Summary. Geneva: WHO Press, 2021. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. ‎W3C Web Accessibility Initiative, Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2, W3C Recommendation, Dec. 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. ‎A. Hurst and S. Elera, "Mobile touchscreen interaction for users with motor impairments: A systematic review," ACM Transactions on Accessibility, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1–28, 2022. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. ‎Y. Gao and J. Seo, "Voice-assisted ordering interfaces: Effectiveness for users with dexterity impairments," IEEE Transactions on Accessible Computing, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 45–56, 2024.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. ‎J. Lazar, A. Hochheiser, and H. Hochheiser, Research Methods in Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd ed. Morgan Kaufmann, 2017.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. ‎S. Harper and Y. Yesilada, Web Accessibility: A Foundation for Research. London: Springer, 2008.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. ‎G. Vanderheiden, "Design for people with functional limitations," in The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook, 3rd ed., J. Jacko, Ed. CRC Press, 2012, pp. 487–508.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. ‎M. Buzzi and C. Buzzi, "Making mobile applications accessible to people with disabilities: A survey," International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, vol. 134, pp. 12–32, 2020.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. ‎D. Sloan, "Accessibility and inclusive design in digital services: Current challenges and future directions," Journal of Accessibility and Design for All, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2020.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. ‎S. Keates and P. Clarkson, "Countering design exclusion: An introduction to inclusive design," in Designing Inclusive Products, Springer, 2003, pp. 17–40. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. ‎Republic Act No. 7277, Magna Carta for Persons with Disabilities. Congress of the Philippines, 1992. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. ‎Republic Act No. 10524, An Act Expanding the Positions Reserved for Persons with Disability. Congress of the Philippines, 2013. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. L. Dela Cruz and M. Reyes, "Interface design and accessibility: An assessment of Philippine food delivery platforms," Asia Pacific Journal on Disability, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 112–125, 2024.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. ‎National Council on Disability Affairs, Status Report on the Implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the Philippines. Manila: NCDA, 2023. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. ‎ ‎A. Dimaranan, "Digital divide and persons with disabilities in the Philippines: Challenges and opportunities," Philippine Journal of Social Development, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 45–62, 2023. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. ‎J. Smith and K. Jones, "Usability of mobile food delivery applications among adults with motor impairments," Journal of Medical Internet Research, vol. 25, no. 4, p. e45678, 2023. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. ‎R. Williams, "Touchscreen target size and performance among users with limited dexterity," Applied Ergonomics, vol. 92, p. 103387, 2021. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. ‎M. Al-Ani and A. Al-Jumeily, "Accessible e-commerce: Evaluating barriers for users with physical disabilities," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 121, p. 106789, 2021. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. ‎L. Miller, "Flexible timing controls and transaction completion rates among users with motor impairments," Universal Access in the Information Society, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 345–358, 2023.‎ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. ‎P. Langdon and J. Clarkson, "Inclusive design in digital services: A case study in food delivery apps," Journal of Engineering Design, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 289–310, 2022. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. ‎ ‎A. Reyes, J. Dela Cruz, and M. Santos, "Usability barriers in food delivery apps among PWDs in Metro Manila," Philippine Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 23–35, 2023. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. ‎L. Santos, "Beyond compliance: The business case for inclusive design in Philippine digital platforms," Asia Pacific Journal of Design Research, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 45–58, 2024. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. ‎ R. Castillo, "Digital accessibility awareness among Filipino mobile application developers," Philippine Computing Journal, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2023. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. ‎M. De Leon, "User experience of persons with disabilities on selected mobile applications in the Philippines," International Journal of Philippine Studies, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 78–95, 2022. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. ‎ ‎J. Mendoza, "Designing accessible interfaces: Development and evaluation of an inclusive food delivery prototype," Philippine Journal of Technology and Development, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 56–70, 2024. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles