Human–AI Collaborative Writing Systems: A Technical Architecture for Controlled Co-Creation

Human–AI collaborative writing systems are rapidly emerging as powerful tools that enhance creativity, productivity, and precision across academic, professional, and creative domains. This paper presents a structured technical architecture for controlled co-creation, where humans and AI models jointly generate written content through transparent, guided, and adaptive interactions. The architecture is built on four core layers: a human-intent interpretation layer that captures goals, constraints, and stylistic preferences; a generative AI engine capable of producing context-aware and constraint-aligned text; a control and governance layer for enforcing ethical, factual, and stylistic rules; and a collaborative interface layer that supports real-time co-editing, feedback, and iterative refinement.
The system prioritizes explainability, allowing writers to understand why AI makes certain suggestions, and supports varying levels of control—from autonomous drafting to fine-grained human steering. Adaptive learning mechanisms personalize the system over time, while embedded safety modules ensure factuality, fairness, and originality. Traceability features document the evolution of co-created text, preserving authorial ownership.
Overall, the proposed architecture shows how structured human–AI collaboration can enhance writing quality while reducing cognitive load. It provides a strong foundation for future writing platforms that balance automation with human agency, ensuring that co-created content remains reliable, controllable, and authentically aligned with human intent.

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