The Role of Moringa Oleifera in Addressing Micronutrient Deficiencies: A Systematic Review.

Micronutrient deficiencies also referred to as “hidden hunger” is a major global health concern, which majorly affect vulnerable groups and especially children below 5 years, pregnant and lactating mothers especially in resource limited areas. World Health Organization recommends use of scientifically proven conventional methods in addressing hidden hunger. Moringa oleifera, a nutrient rich plant originally from Africa and Asia, has been used as a natural, highly accessible, and cost effective intervention to address micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron, vitamin A, and zinc. This systematic review seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera in improving micronutrient status based on scientific evidence studies done on human trials and published within 10years. Based on PRISMA guidelines, seven (7) eligible studies involving infants, children, adolescents, and lactating women across diverse geographical regions were synthesized. The review documents effectiveness in iron status (hemoglobin and ferritin levels) among adolescents and school-aged children. Evidence for vitamin A enhancement was more variable, with significant improvements in children but limited effectiveness in lactating women and infants. The form of Moringa (e.g., powder, capsule, fortified food), dosage, and study duration significantly influenced outcomes. The overall findings support the inclusion of Moringa oleifera in nutritional interventions targeting iron and vitamin A deficiencies, however, inconsistencies in study design and outcome measures indicates the need for standardized protocols and further large-scale research. In conclusion Moringa oleifera is a natural intervention that can be used to address hidden hunger and more so Iron and Vitamin A deficiency. Therefore a culturally acceptable diet can be formulated with the addition of Moringa to address micronutrient deficiency in vulnerable populations.

Moringa oleifera, micronutrient deficiency, iron deficiency anemia, vitamin A, hidden hunger.

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