The Effect of Corn Stover and Pineapple Waste Ratio in Silage on pH, Microbial Population, and Methane Gas in Rumen (In Vitro)

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different ratios of corn stover and pineapple waste silage on rumen pH, bacterial population, protozoa population, and methane production under in vitro conditions. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of T1 (90% corn stover + 10% pineapple waste), T2 (80% corn stover + 20% pineapple waste), T3 (70% corn stover + 30% pineapple waste), and T4 (60% corn stover + 40% pineapple waste). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that varying the ratio of corn stover and pineapple waste silage had no significant effect on rumen pH (6.77–6.78), bacterial population (3.03–3.31 × 10⁹ CFU/mL), or methane production (5.57–6.45 mM) (P > 0.05). In contrast, the protozoa population was significantly affected by the treatments (4.21–4.70 × 10⁵ cells/mL; P ≤ 0.05), showing a decreasing tend by adding levels of pineapple waste. All measured parameters remained within normal physiological ranges, indicating stable rumen fermentation conditions. Although differences in methane production and bacterial population among treatments were not statistically significant, treatment T4 tended to exhibit a higher bacterial population and lower methane production. These findings indicate that combinations of corn stover and pineapple waste silage up to a 60:40 ratio are feasible for maintaining balanced rumen fermentation, with potential implications for improving fermentation efficiency and mitigating methane production. Further in vivo studies are required to confirm these results under practical feeding conditions.

Corn Stover Silage, Pineapple Waste, Microbial Population, Rumen pH, Methane Gas

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