Study of Breast Cancer and the Most Important Risk Factors Affecting of the Disease in Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq
Authors
University of Al-Qadisiyah (Iraq)
University of Al-Qadisiyah (Iraq)
University of Al-Qadisiyah (Iraq)
Article Information
DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI.2026.13010142
Subject Category: Medicine
Volume/Issue: 13/1 | Page No: 1641-1646
Publication Timeline
Submitted: 2026-01-13
Accepted: 2026-01-21
Published: 2026-02-07
Abstract
This study illustrates several possible causes of Breast cancer, a highly perilous affliction impacting women worldwide. Although there is no evidence to back the attributions, studies conducted globally have shown numerous variables that women with breast cancer attribute to their illness. Therefore, we looked into a number of possible risk factors for breast cancer. Our study show the category most affected by breast cancer were (40-49) and the least affected were under the age of 30 years,14(42%) of them developed the disease after menopause, while 19(57%) before it, 18 (54.5%)of the women under study had this disease in their family history,22(66%) not having children or having them after turning thirty and only 11(33%) have not children after this age , Out of 30 married and have children women 18(60%) of them were breastfeeding and 12(40%) of them were not, 30(90.9%) were non-smokers, 28(84.8%) of them did not engage in any physical activity, compared to 5(15%) only who engaged in various sports activities. As for the educational level, (60% ) are illiterate or have completed primary school only, (24% ) have completed secondary school and (15% ) have obtained higher education, 90% were married , 6% were Widow and 3% were Single. This study's goal was to make women aware of the several possible causes of breast cancer and to help them avoid them
Keywords
Women, Breast cancer, Risk factors
Downloads
References
1. Løyland, B., Sandbekken, I. H., Grov, E. K., & Utne, I. (2024). Causes and Risk Factors of Breast Cancer, What Do We Know for Sure? An Evidence Synthesis of Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses. Cancers, 16(8), 1583. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
2. Kori, S. (2018). An overview: Several causes of breast cancer. Epidemol. Int. J, 2(1), 01-17. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
3. Rocha, F. S., dos Santos Silva, W., do Nascimento, E. R., & Bacciotti, A. M. (2018). Epidemiological profile of breast cancer in a reference hospital in the north region. Mastology, 28(3), 169-175. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
4. WHO.Breast-Cancer.Availableonline:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/breast-cancer (accessed on 25 March 2024). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
5. Globocan. Breast Cancer Incidence Rates Breast Female, Fact Sheets. Available online: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/ cancers/20-Breast-fact-sheet.pdf (accessed on 25 March 2024). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
6. Arnold, M., Morgan, E., Rumgay, H., Mafra, A., Singh, D., Laversanne, M., ... & Soerjomataram, I. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
7. (2022). Current and future burden of breast cancer: Global statistics for 2020 and 2040. The Breast, 66, 15-23. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
8. 7.Tsoka-Gwegwenia, J. M., Cumber, S. N., & Nchanji, K. N. (2017). Breast cancer among women in sub-Saharan Africa: prevalence and a situational analysis. Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology, 9(2), 28-30. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
9. Francies, F.Z.; Hull, R.; Khanyile, R.; Dlamini, Z.(2020). Breast cancer in low-middle income countries: Abnormality in splicing and lack of targeted treatment options. Am. J. Cancer Res., 10, 1568–1591 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
10. 9.Bray, F.; Ferlay, J.; Soerjomataram, I.; Siegel, R.L.; Torre, L.A.; Jemal, A.(2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin., 68, 394–424. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
11. Gray, J. M., Rasanayagam, S., Engel, C., & Rizzo, J. (2017). State of the evidence 2017: an update on the connection between breast cancer and the environment. Environmental Health, 16(1), 94. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
12. Golubnitschaja, O.; Debald, M.; Yeghiazaryan, K.; Kuhn, W.; Pešta, M.; Costigliola, V.; Grech, G.(2016). Breast cancer epidemic in the early twenty-first century: Evaluation of risk factors, cumulative questionnaires and recommendations for preventive measures. Tumour Biol., 37, 12941–12957. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
13. Siegel, R. L., Miller, K. D., Fedewa, S. A., Ahnen, D. J., Meester, R. G., Barzi, A., & Jemal, A. (2017). Colorectal cancer statistics, 2017. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 67(3), 177-193. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
14. 13- Rocha, F. S., dos Santos Silva, W., do Nascimento, E. R., & Bacciotti, A. M. (2018). Epidemiological profile of breast cancer in a reference hospital in the north region. Mastology, 28(3), 169-175. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
15. Pinho, V. F. D. S., & Coutinho, E. S. F. (2007). Variáveis associadas ao câncer de mama em usuárias de unidades básicas de saúde. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 23, 1061-1069. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
16. Jung, W., Kieling, E. F., Kunzler, I. M., Lazzari, D. D., Pereira doNascimento, E. R., & Alves, D. L. F. (2014). Fatores de risco para câncer de mama no setor calçadista. Revista Baiana de Enfermagem, 28(2). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
17. Gómez Lloga, T., Franco de la Iglesia, Y., Noa Garbey, M., Illas Bornot, Y., & Frómeta Ordúñez, D. (2018). Incidencia de cáncer de mama en mujeres de la provincia Guantánamo en el período 20152016. Revista Información Científica, 97(5), 955-965. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
18. 17- Cooper K. Springhouse: Springhouse Corp; 1998. Pathophysiology Made Incredibly Easy. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
19. 18- Kori, S. (2018). An overview: Several causes of breast cancer. Epidemol. Int. J, 2(1), 01-17. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
20. Brewer, H. R., Jones, M. E., Schoemaker, M. J., Ashworth, A., & Swerdlow, A. J. (2017). Family history and risk of breast cancer: an analysis accounting for family structure. Breast cancer research and treatment, 165(1), 193-200. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
21. Catsburg, C., Miller, A. B., & Rohan, T. E. (2015). Active cigarette smoking and risk of breast cancer. International journal of cancer, 136(9), 2204-2209. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
22. Gaudet, M. M., Carter, B. D., Brinton, L. A., Falk, R. T., Gram, I. T., Luo, J., ... & Gapstur, S. M. (2017). Pooled analysis of active cigarette smoking and invasive breast cancer risk in 14 cohort studies. International journal of epidemiology, 46(3), 881-893. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
23. McKenzie, F., Ellison-Loschmann, L., Jeffreys, M., Firestone, R., Pearce, N., & Romieu, I. (2013). Cigarette smoking and risk of breast cancer in a New Zealand multi-ethnic case-control study. PLoS One, 8(4), e63132. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
24. Kispert, S., & McHowat, J. (2017). Recent insights into cigarette smoking as a lifestyle risk factor for breast cancer. Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy, 127-132. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
25. 24.Rocha, F. S., dos Santos Silva, W., do Nascimento, E. R., & Bacciotti, A. M. (2018). Epidemiological profile of breast cancer in a reference hospital in the north region. Mastology, 28(3), 169-175. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
26. Batiston, A. P., Tamaki, E. M., Souza, L. A. D., & Santos, M. L. D. M. D. (2011). Conhecimento e prática sobre os fatores de risco para o câncer de mama entre mulheres de 40 a 69 anos. Revista brasileira de saúde materno infantil, 11, 163-171. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
27. Dugno, M. L. G., Soldatelli, J. S., Daltoé, T., Rosado, J. O., Spada, P., & Formolo, F. (2014). Perfil do câncer de mama e relação entre fatores de risco e estadiamento clínico em hospital do Sul do Brasil. Rev. Bras. Oncologia Clínica, São Paulo, 10(36) [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Metrics
Views & Downloads
Similar Articles
- Treasure of 6th Edition of Organon of Medicine- Lm Potency
- Neurobehavioral and Immune-Histochemical Effects of Daucus Carota Ethanolic Leaf Extract in Cadmium-Induced Toxicity of the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Adult Wistar Rats
- Unveiling the Antimicrobial Potential of Homoeopathic Sarcode and Bowel Nosode: A Study on Histaminum and Dysenteriae Co against Escherichia Coli And Klebsiella Bacteria
- Incidence of Cardiovascular Events in Patients Receiving Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) in HCTM – (A Retrospective Cohort Study)
- A Prospective Case Study Examining the Effectiveness of Homoeopathic Medicine in Treating Degenerative Changes in the Lumbar Spine-A Case Report