Investigation of the Effect of Stearate Additive on Process and Optical Properties in High-Filled PE-Based Masterbatch Production via Extrusion Process

Authors

Kutay Baycu

Ege University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science (Turkey)

Can Gönenli

Ege University, Department of Mechanical and Metal Technologies (Turkey)

Article Information

DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI.2026.1305000061

Subject Category: Engineering

Volume/Issue: 13/5 | Page No: 655-660

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-05-06

Accepted: 2026-05-11

Published: 2026-05-28

Abstract

In this study, high-filled polyethylene (PE)-based masterbatch formulations containing inorganic calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) at concentrations ranging from 72 to 81 wt.% were manufactured using an industrial-scale twin-screw extruder. To mitigate the rheological challenges associated with high filler loadings, specifically increased melt viscosity and particle agglomeration, a hybrid interfacial modifier system comprising calcium and zinc stearate was incorporated into the compounding process. This additive system was maintained at a fixed concentration of 1.2 wt.% to systematically evaluate its influence on both extrusion process stability and the optical characteristics of the final composite material.

Keywords

Polyethylene; Calcium Carbonate; Filled Masterbatch; Stearate

Downloads

References

1. Ahmed, S. and Jones, F.R., 2022. Influence of filler dispersion on optical and processing behavior of highly filled polyethylene systems. Polymer Testing, 109, 107554. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. ASTM D1925-70, 2014. Standard Test Method for Yellowness Index of Plastics. ASTM International. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. ASTM E308-18, 2018. Standard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System. ASTM International. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Brydson, J.A., 1999. Plastics Materials. 7th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Dursun, A., 2025. Industrial scale analysis of polymer extrusion systems. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Ergün, E. ve Üçgül, İ., 2025. Industrial evaluation of polymer processing parameters in textile based polymer systems. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarım Dergisi. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Fried, J.R., 2014. Polymer Science and Technology. 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Gahleitner, M. and Grein, C., 2014. Polyolefins—Structure, properties, and applications. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 299, 1-10. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Gönenli, C. and Duymazlar, O., 2024. Investigation of tensile stress and percentage elongation relationships in alloys depending on the alloy elements. In: M. Bozdemir (Ed.), Makine Mühendisliği. YAZ Yayınları, Afyonkarahisar, pp. 116-133. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Hoffmann, K. and Grellmann, W., 2005. Influence of fillers on processing and properties of thermoplastics. Polymer Testing, 24, 740-746. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Khan, M.A. and Ahmad, S., 2011. Effect of calcium carbonate on mechanical and optical properties of polyethylene composites. Materials & Design, 32, 4215-4221. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Kim, H.J. and Park, S.J., 2023. Processing and performance optimization of highly filled polyolefin compounds for industrial extrusion applications. Materials, 16, 4, 1528. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Li, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, K. and Fu, Q., 2021. Effects of surface modification of calcium carbonate on rheological and mechanical properties of polyethylene composites. Polymers, 13, 9, 1452. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Paul, D.R. and Bucknall, C.B., 2000. Polymer Blends. Wiley, New York. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Pritchard, G., 1998. Plastics Additives: An A-Z Reference. Chapman & Hall, Dordrecht. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Rauwendaal, C., 2014. Polymer Extrusion. 5th Edition, Hanser Publishers, Munich. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Rothon, R.N., 2003. Particulate-Filled Polymer Composites. Smithers Rapra Press, Shawbury. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Saeed, U., Nawaz, R. and Shahzad, A., 2016. Effect of fillers on rheological and optical properties of polymer composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 99, 1-7. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Xanthos, M., 2010. Functional Fillers for Plastics. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles