Urinary Retention Revealing a Vermian Dermoid Cyst: A Case Report

Background
Atypical clinical manifestations are not uncommon in neurosurgical pathology, especially if the symptom is isolated, which can delay diagnosis and treatment. This is the case of our patient who presented with isolated acute urinary retention.
This case report highlights the lack of awareness of the pontine micturition center, which led to a delay in diagnosis and treatment.
Case presentation
A 55 year old diabetic woman under treatment, suddenly presented with isolated urinary retention. The examination initially focused on the usual causes, which showed no abnormality. A urinary catheter was placed, and the urinary retention was attributed to her diabetes. Subsequently, brain imaging confirmed the diagnosis of a posterior fossa tumor.
The patient underwent surgery and the postoperative course was favorable. The pathological examination was in favor of a dermoid cyst.
Conclusion
A review of the literature established the link between urinary retention and the location of the pontine micturition center. Therefore, recognizing these unusual symptoms is crucial to enable early diagnosis and treatment. Hence the importance of a thorough history taking, clinical examination, and appropriate exploration.

urinary retention, pontine micturition center, posterior cranial fossa, dermoid cyst

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