Animal Genotypes Election Design for Disease Resistance
- May 5, 2018
- Posted by: RSIS
- Category: Health Sciences
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | Volume II, Issue IV, April 2018 | ISSN 2454-6186
Animal Genotypes Election Design for Disease Resistance
Ward M. Ashraf1, Abuargob M. Omry2, Hdud M. Ismail3, Elgusbi M. Tarek4, Al Zlitne A. Rabia5, Aswehli A. Abdelatef 5 and Ruban Y. Sergey 6
1Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
2Department of Animal medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
3Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
4Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Technology, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
5Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
6Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetic -NAAS, Kiev-Ukraine.
Corresponding Author: Ashraf ward.
Abstract: Resistance – the body’s resistance to the action of physical, chemical and biological agents that cause a pathological condition. This concept is somewhat broader than immunity, although they are sometimes used as synonyms. Susceptibility is a predisposition of the body to the action of physical, chemical and biological factors that lead to a pathological condition. Stability and susceptibility in animals of one species, as a rule, is not absolute, but relative. It can be high, medium and low. In modern conditions, along with high productivity, it is required that animals have resistance to diseases and, above all, to such common ones as leukemia, mastitis, tuberculosis, infectious gastroenteritis, etc., which cause huge economic damage to farms. The genetic resistance of farm animals to diseases is caused by many genes and therefore the selection for resistance will be long and slow. It is necessary to operate with groups of animals (lines, families, related groups). In addition, it is not necessary to talk about absolute stability, despite the high cost of assessing animals. Diseases are a major constraint on the intensive production of animal. Selecting cattle most resistant to the development of infectious diseases will decrease costs of production and should therefore be included in the overall breeding objective. Such selection goals may include resistance to infection with a pathogen (absence of susceptibility), resistance to disease (no-development of disease), tolerance (capability of untreated individuals to maintain a reasonable level of productivity in the face of disease), and resilience (ability of affected individuals to require minimal treatment to maintain acceptable performance). Selection for single trait of milk yield for many years have led to genetic erosion of genes responsible for disease resistance, adaptability etc. Therefore, selection strategies to include these neglected traits in the selection objectives of dairy animals are need of the hour for sustainable dairy in the unpredictable climatic condition. Certainly, genetic selection will not solve all of our livestock disease problems. Therefore, management, nutrition, vaccination, culling, therapeutic treatment, stress reduction practices and other measures must accompany genetic approaches to reduce the impact of livestock disease on profitability and animal wellbeing.
Keywords: disease resistance, selection, genetic improvement
