Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Optimal Control Strategies for Malaria Transmission in Bubanza Province, Burundi.
- June 16, 2022
- Posted by: rsispostadmin
- Categories: IJRIAS, Mathematics
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) | Volume VII, Issue V, May 2022 | ISSN 2454–6194
Venant Niyonkuru*, Winifred Mutuku.
Department of Mathematics and Actuarial Science,Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844-00100 Nairobi.
*Correspondance
Abstract: Malaria is a parasitic infection ranked among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in Sub-Sahara African countries. If recommended interventions measures are well applied, malaria can be prevented and controlled. In many cases, the budget allocated to malaria prevention and treatment project is not enough, using malaria intervention measures properly will guarantee the reduction of infected population while the intervention costs is minimized . This saves the budget and produces the results in economical way. The aim of this article is to understand the cost so that decision makers are well informed when they determine budget allocated to malaria interventions. After ordering different possible strategies from the smallest to the highest, utilizing Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER), we studied the Cost-effectiveness of each strategy. This study analyses the cost-effectiveness of all possible optimal control measures to identify which is the intervention strategy is going to save available resources and cost-effective. After analysis, this study shows that malaria can be minimized in Bubanza using preventive measures at the most cost effective way.
Keywords: Mathematical model, Stability, Disease-free equilibrium, Endemic Equilibrium, Basic Reproductive number, Optimal control, cost effectiveness Analysis, Malaria intervention strategies.
I. INTRODUCTION
Malaria is a parasitic infection which is one of the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Sub-Sahara Africa where the most affected are under five years and pregnant women (Bawa et al., 2021; Otieno et al., 2016). The high need of money to prevent and control malaria calls for the analysis of malaria cost effectiveness to contribute in the race of Burundi government to control the spread of malaria. Malaria spread is very high in Burundi due to many factors favoring malaria transmission (Nkurunziza et al., 2011. The reduction of malaria cases in Burundi is due to the use of preventive measures, rapid diagnostic test, cases management and treatment on time of confirmed cases. Cost-effective analysis became a tool which very important to make decisions regarding disease control intervention program (Robinson, R., 1993; Otieno, G., et al., 2016; Levin, H. M. et al., 2000). The aims of Cost-effectiveness analysis is to path decision makers who are going to be assigned responsibilities of making decisions on how to allocate budget for malaria intervention mostly in case where fund allocated is insufficient.
