Design and Performance Analysis of a Three Way Catalytic Converter

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume V, Issue VI, June 2018 | ISSN 2321–2705

Design and Performance Analysis of a Three Way Catalytic Converter

Nitin Rathod¹, Rohan Panage², Prof. W. S. Rathod³

^{1, 2} PG Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Mumbai – 400 019, Maharashtra, India
³Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Mumbai – 400 019, Maharashtra, India

Abstract:- The world is being aware of the pernicious effects of the unwanted and unavoidable parameter like exhaust emission from automobiles and the need to control them. Presently, Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) is an important after treatment device to reduce damaging engine exhaust emissions. Platinum group metals well known as non-noble metals have shown greater pollution-control capability, but due to cost considerations, these metals are used in lesser quantities. This dissertation focuses on controlling the automobile emissions using the combination of nano-particles of non-noble metal i.e. Ruthenium Catalyst to better level. In recent years, use of nano technology in the field of energy, environment, medical and information technologies has been rapidly increased due to the interesting physical and chemical properties of the nano materials arising from the quantum size effect which is remarkably different from those in bulk samples. Numbers of experimentations have been made by many researchers using NPs of various catalyst materials and analyzed for their effect on the TWC and the results have reported remarkable enhancement in the performance of TWC. So it becomes important to review the various methods of NPs preparations synthesis and their effect on the properties of the materials and characterization of the NPs for evaluation of various properties of the same. The TWC model is developed for Tata Indica Four Stroke Four Cylinder Diesel Engine of 1405 cc capacity. Space velocity was found an important consideration while designing TWC. The use of non-noble metal catalysts for the developed model of TWC has shown 12.66 to 63.67 % control over CO emissions, 3.66 to 56.58 % over HC emissions and 12.35 to 29.64%over NO emissions.

Keywords: Carbon monoxide, Hydro-carbon, NOx, Catalyst, Emission, TWC.

I. INTRODUCTION

The exhaust emissions from automobiles are unwanted and unavoidable parameters with which the world is seriously concerned. The efforts are being made in order to reduce the automotive exhaust emissions by various control technologies. Numbers of strategies have been incorporated to control automobile emissions like exhaust gas recirculation, selective catalyst reduction, low NOx burner, two way and three-way catalytic converter, engine optimization, etc. But the most effective technique was found to be Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) [14].

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