Effect of Ethanolic Root Extract of Sphenocentrum jollyanum, Baphia nitida, Pinus koraiensis, and Sildenafil on Some Haematological Test Parameters in Albino Wistar Rats

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VI, Issue III, March 2019 | ISSN 2321–2705

Effect of Ethanolic Root Extract of Sphenocentrum jollyanum, Baphia nitida, Pinus koraiensis, and Sildenafil on Some Haematological Test Parameters in Albino Wistar Rats

Iheanyichukwu Wopara¹, Augustine A. Uwakwe¹, Matthew O. Wegwu¹, Emmanuel U. Modo^2*, Samuel C. Anyalenkeya²

¹Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Portharcourt, Nigeria
²Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Madonna University, Nigeria. Elele campus
*Corresponding author

Abstract- Sphenocentrum jollyanum, Baphia nitida and Pinus koraiensis are evergreen shrub plants usually used as an aphrodisiac and have been used in traditional medicine practice for centuries with its leaves, roots and latex all in use. Sildenafil (Viagra) are drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction in men. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of ethanolic root extract of Sphenocentrum jollyanum, Baphia nitida, Pinus koraiensis and Sildenafil (Viagra) tablets on some haematological test parameters of albino rats. The experimental animals were grouped into five different groups with 5 animals each. Group 1 (control) were fed with vital pellet feed and tap water only, Group 2 received 80mg/kg of grinded tablets of sildenafil, Group 3 received 200mg/kg Baphia nitida, Group 4 received 200mg/kg of Sphenocentrum jollyanum, while Group 5 received 600mg/kg of Pinus koraiensis (Korean pine nuts). Haemoglobin, Packed cell volume, White blood cell, Red blood cell, and Platelet concentration were determined using automated haematological analyzer systemex KX-21 (Japan). The result shows a significant difference (p<0.05) in PCV level of Group 5 (32.4 ± 3.2 %) compared to the control rats (41.7 ± 1.2 %) and Group 2 (39.6 ± 2.9 %), as well as Group 3 (38.8 ± 1.2 %) and Group 4 (35.7 ± 8.2 %). Platelet counts also showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in Group 4 (307.6 ± 9.18 x 109/L) compared to Group 2 (428.5 ± 14.1 x 109/L), as well as Group 3 and Group 5. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the haemoglobin levels between the control rats and Group 2, 3 and Group 4. White blood cell counts showed higher mean values in Group 2 (13.6 ± 4.1 x 109/L), compared to the control rats (9.9 ± 1.4 x 109/L) and other groups, but the mean difference were not statistically significant (p>0.05). While the red blood cell counts were not statistically significant. This result therefore suggests that ethanolic extract of the aphrodisiac plant Sphenocentrum jollyanum (Ikeagwu), Baphia nitida (Abosi) and Pinus koraiensis as well as Sildenafil tablets at certain concentration could be desirous or deleterious so caution should be applied during oral ingestion.

Keywords: Sphenocentrum jollyanum, Baphia nitida and Pinus koraiensis, Red blood cell, Platelets

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