Rapid Detection of Tuberculosis using Urine Samples: Development & Validation of ELISA Technique

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VII, Issue VI, June 2020 | ISSN 2321–2705

Rapid Detection of Tuberculosis using Urine Samples: Development & Validation of ELISA Technique

Amrita Masanta¹, K. Gopinath Achary², Shikha Singh^3,*
1Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
²Imgenex India Pvt. Ltd, E-5 Infocity, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
³Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751022, India

Abstract: Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and its early detection can be possible only when an individual permits itself for early diagnosis. In the recent study, the serum elevated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen was settled for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection employing serological tests. The mycobacterial proteins was identified based on indirect ELISA including high sensitivity of 0.1 mg and the protein ranging from 20 kDa to 150 kDa exhibit immunoreactivity in western blotting applying TB serum. Correlation coefficient among various phases of infected urine samples assemble from different regions of Odisha with the titres of Ab was seized as the primary end point for the regularity of protocol. (Maximal correlation r = 0.999) was detected in phase III infected urine sample assemble from Mayurbhanj, whereas minimal low correlation along with TB serum (r = 0.703) was marked in phase I infected urine sample assemble from Balasore. (Linear positive correlations R2) present within antigenic proteins at all the phases with TB serum. Henceforth, the TB serum could be used for the early detection of TB. This immuno serological accesses us to design a robust, highly sensitive & specific with accuracy diagnostic kit for initial detection of tuberculosis infection.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Serological test, Immune-reactivity, Correlation coefficient, TB serum, Early detection, Diagnostic kit

I. INTRODUCTION

Tuberculosis (TB), one of the oldest recorded human diseases, stands as the considerable killers among all other contagious and transmittable diseases, even though the universal use of a live constricts vaccine and certain antibiotics. According to the survey, TB has been re-emerged globally as a result of the evolution of drug and multi drug resistant strains (Shah et al., 2007., Palomino et al., 2002). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an aerobic and acid fast bacilli causing TB, remains dormant state for many years in host’s body beyond provoke any symptoms or spreading, however the immune system inclines into depleted, mycobacteria eventually be effective that infects overall the lungs along with other parts of body. In addition, TB concern is also aggravated by alternative ailments that disturb the immune system, such as HIV, frequent in developing countries.

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