Stature Reconstruction from Measurements of Craniofacial Parameters: A Study of the Oro People of Akwa Ibom State

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) | Volume VI, Issue IV, April 2021|ISSN 2454-6194

Stature Reconstruction from Measurements of Craniofacial Parameters: A Study of the Oro People of Akwa Ibom State

Iboro E. Edet, Akpan U. Ekanem, Sunday O. Elijah, Kingsley A. Okon, and Mfonobong E. Sampson
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State – Nigeria
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2021.6405

Abstract:- Stature prediction from craniofacial remains is vital in establishing the identity of an unknown individual in cases of natural calamities and archaeological exploration where complete skeleton is not available. This study aims to estimate stature among the Oro ethnic group in Akwa Ibom State using craniofacial parameters, hence determine the craniofacial parameter that best predict stature for the Oro people and therefore document a model formulae for stature prediction using Poisson regression analysis. The study assessed 500 subjects (245 males and 255 females) between the ages 18 – 77, with no craniofacial nor stature abnormality. Subject’s height were measured and regressed against their head circumference, facial breadth and facial height using a calibrated height rod, measuring tape and digital sliding caliper. Data collected were subjected to statistical analysis using MINITAB-18 data package. The results obtained showed that the mean height and standard deviation for both males and females were 163.912.9 and 163.012.6 respectively, thus, Oro males are taller than females. A strong positive correlation was observed between height and head circumference, facial breadth and facial height in both males and females, with facial breadth having the strongest positive correlation with height for both genders. The model formulae (regression equation) for stature prediction of Oro males is Y’ = 4.6755 + 0.03609(facial breadth); for Oro females: Y’ = 4.7193 + 0.03225(facial breadth) and for both: Y’ = 4.6991 + 0.03404(facial breadth). It was concluded that facial breadth can be used to accurately estimate stature for the people of Oro tribe

Keywords: Head circumference, Facial Breath, Facial Height, Stature prediction, Regression equation, Oro.

I. INTRODUCTION

Stature estimation is of immense important. It enables the anthropologists trace racial differences and variations, it helps the forensic practitioners solve medico-legal cases and the archaeologist carry out archaeological procedures which facilitates the process of sex, age and ancestry determination[1]. Body height derived from craniofacial dimension gives an indication on growth and development of an individual, exposing abnormality either in the shape or size of the cranial or facial region [2]. Bones of the cranium and face are very durable and easily recognizable part of the human skeleton.

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