Utilization of Renewable Energy Resource and Implementation of an Automatic Solar System Using LDR & IC555 Timer

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VI, Issue VI, June 2019 | ISSN 2321–2705

Utilization of Renewable Energy Resource and Implementation of an Automatic Solar System Using LDR & IC555 Timer

Abhi Banerjee¹, Nabendu Mondal¹, Shubhendu Rana¹, Soumitra Acharjee¹, Suman Kumar Santra¹, Tapas Kumar Ghosh^1*

¹ Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Calcutta Institute of Technology, Uluberia, Howrah 711316, India.
^1* Department of Chemical Engineering, Calcutta Institute of Technology, Uluberia, Howrah 711316, India.
* Corresponding author

Abstract: Solar energy is the most efficient example of a renewable energy. The Sunlight is used to generate electricity by using a photovoltaic cell. Solar panel is bombarded by photons from the source of sunlight. Photons are captivated by semiconducting materials like Silicon and germanium. Electrons are excited from their outermost orbital. During excitation, the energy is dissipated as heat and returns to its orbital or it can be penetrated through the cell until it will be reached to an electrode. Solar energy is converted into a usable amount of direct current (DC) electricity by solar cell. The rechargeable battery is used to store the electricity from the solar panel for future use. In automatic solar system, a solar charge controller is chosen as it decides to switch ON or OFF the charging of battery. IC555 timer is used to design an automatic solar system. Automatic solar system is an efficient power saving concept for domestic purpose. Light is automatically switched ON when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes. The light is sensed like our eyes by a sensor called Light Dependent Resistor (LDR). Light is automatically switched OFF when the sunlight comes.

Keywords: Solar energy, photovoltaic cell, electrons, rechargeable battery, charge controller, IC555 timer, LDR.

I. INTRODUCTION

Renewable energies[1] are those generated from sources that do not have a finite end, or those that can be recycled typically from natural sources – like solar power, wind power water power, biomass and geothermal heat. Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in areas like generation of electricity, motor fuels, rural (off-grid) energy services and variety of commercial and industrial uses. During recent years, due to the increase in fossil fuel consumption and the environmental problems[2] originated by the use of conventional fuels, we are returning back to renewable energy sources[3]. Most of these renewable energies rely on in one way or another on sunlight. One of the most popular types of renewable energy is solar power.

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