Estimation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes.

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) | Volume VI, Issue I, January 2021 | ISSN 2454–6186

Estimation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes.

 M. A. Barde^1,2, M. S. Mohammed², M. Oyekunle², I. S. Usman² and A. Shaahu^3*

¹National Agricultural Seeds Council, Abuja, Nigeria
²Plant Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
³National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Niger State, Nigeria

Abstract:
A study was conducted on eight rice varieties, planted and crossed using incomplete diallel mating design and 28 hybrids were generated which were evaluated along with the eight parents and two checks at Edozhigi duing the 2017/2018 dry season. Data were collected were subjected to diallel analysis of variance (ANOVA) for both parents and hybrids using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) soft ware package (2002).The ANOVA showed highly significance (P<0.01) difference among the genotypes for all the traits. Results from grain yield of parents ranged from 2830kg/ha for FARO 60 to 8210 kg/ha for FARO 57. Grain yield of the F1 hybrids ranged from 2550 kg/ha for FARO 44 x FARO 61 to 7045 kg/ha for Suakoko- 8 x Ck-21. High estimates of PCV and GCV were recorded for all traits except panicle length and 1000 grain weight. The highest estimates of PCV and GCV were for panicle exertion (pcv =106.5, gcv =101.8), followed by second iron toxicity scores (pcv =74.0, gcv =70.7), first iron toxicity scores (pcv =72.1, gcv =65.6), grain yield (pcv =67.2, gcv =66.8) and moderate estimates were for panicle length (pcv =18.7, gcv =18.2), and 1000 grain weight (pcv =18.4, gcv =17.9). Slight differences between PCV and GCV were observed which indicated evidence that the variability existing in the genotypes was mainly due to their genetic makeup. High heritability in broad sense was estimated for all traits with the highest estimate recorded for grain yield (98.7) followed by plant height (96.0), number of seeds per panicle (95.7), 1000 grain weight (95.3)and least was first iron toxicity scores (82.7). High genetic advance was noticed for number of seeds per panicle (158.34) followed by grain yield (124.23), plant height (82.87), days to 50% flowering (337.76), number tillers (22.86),and number of effective tillers (26.05) whereas, low genetic advance was observed for1000 grain weight (10.20) followed by panicle length (8.74), second iron toxicity scores (6.12), panicle exertion (4.21),first iron toxicity scores (3.81) and number of leaves (2.77) which indicated that these traits are likely to respond better to selection.

Keywords: Rice, genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and iron toxicity

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