A Radiological Assessment of Parts of Local Breed Goat from oil Producing Areas in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) | Volume VI, Issue VI, June 2021|ISSN 2454-6194

A Radiological Assessment of Parts of Local Breed Goat from oil Producing Areas in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Ehiwe Osadebamwen Isaac¹, Aniesua A. Essiett², Edu Inam³, Mfon Bede⁴, Imeh Essien⁵ and Imaobong Mfon Essen^6
1,²,⁴,⁵Department of Physics, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria.
³Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria .
⁶Department of Science Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Nigeria.

Abstract: This work is aimed at assessing the Radionuclide concentration in local breed goat from oil producing Areas in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The organs collected include goat meat and liver from the local breed goat. The activity concentrations of the naturally occurring radionuclides 40K, 238U and 232Th in the samples were measured by the means of gamma-ray spectrometry using a Sodium Iodide Thallium doped [NaI (TI)] detector. For the radionuclide concentration of 40K for all the animal samples from the study areas, the activity concentration ranges from BDL for liver from local breed goat gotten from Esit Eket to 988.45±62.79 Bq.kg-1 for liver from local breed goat obtained from Uruan. The activity concentration of 238U for all the samples ranges from BDL for local breed goat meat from Ikot Abasi to 569.37±92.74 Bq.kg-1 for liver from local breed goat gotten from Esit Eket. The 232Th activity concentration ranges from BDL in local breed goat meat obtained from Ibeno, Ikot Abasi and Uruan to 350.09±25.34 Bq.kg-1 in liver from local breed goat meat gotten from Esit Eket. The mean radionuclide concentration of 40K, 238U and 232Th for all the goat samples are 366.81±22.88 Bq.Kg-1, 267.81±43.61 Bq.Kg-1 and 64.21±4.63 Bq.Kg-1 respectively. The mean AED for all the local goat samples are all below the recommended world mean value. The mean values of AGDE for all the samples are all above the recommended values. The mean AED for all goat samples are all below the recommended world mean value. The mean values of D and 𝐼𝛾𝑟 for the local breed goat meat are 163.49 nGy.y-1 and 1.98 respectively .The mean of D and 𝐼𝛾𝑟 for liver are 205.62 nGy.y-1 and 2.29 respectively. The mean values of D for both the goat meat samples and the liver samples are greater than the recommended value of 84 nGy.y-1. The mean values of 𝐼𝛾𝑟 is also greater than the recommended world value of 1. People living in areas where the AGDE are higher than the world recommended values should avoid consuming those parts of the local breed goat in other to avoid harmful health effects.

Keywords: Activity Concentration, Annual effective dose, Annual gonadal dose equivalent, radionuclides, Akwa Ibom.

I.INTRODUCTION

A radionuclide is an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. Radioactive decay is a random process at the level of single atoms: it is impossible to predict when one particular atom will decay. However, for a collection of atoms of a single element the decay rate, and thus the half-life (t1/2) for that collection can be calculated from their measured decay constants [1]. The range of the half-lives of radioactive atoms have no known limits and span a time range of over 55 orders of magnitude.

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