Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oil from Monodora Myristica against Grain Storage Insects

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VI, Issue VI, June 2019 | ISSN 2321–2705

Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oil from Monodora Myristica against Grain Storage Insects

Awojide S. H^1*, Anifowose A.J¹, Aderogba A. A², Tayo A. S¹

¹Department of Chemical Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
²Department of Science, Technology and Mathematics Education , Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
^*Corresponding author

Abstract: The essential oil of African Nutmeg (Monodoramyristica) was extracted by steam distillation method, the essential oil was graded into concentrations of (1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 7.5, 10 mL/L). Experiments were conducted to study the bio-activity of the essential oil against Callosbruchusmaculatus and Sitophilus oryzae at different exposure time. The chemical components of the oil were analysed by GC-MS. The GC-MS analysis showed a total of Thirty-one (31) components, the major components are trans-13-octadecenoic acid (25.18%), sabinol (20.95%), linalool (9.11%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (7.66%). The results of the contact, repellence and fumigative test showed that the toxicity of the essential oil against the two insects was dose and time dependent (P<0.05). the essential oil of M. myristica induced higher toxicity in C. maculatus than in S. oryzae.  Significant variation was observed in repellence, fumigative and contact activities between different concentrations and time of exposure (P<0.05). The result suggested the potential of the essential oil of M.myristica as a botanical insecticide

Keywords: Monodoramyristica, essential oil, stored-grain insects, insecticidal.

I. INTRODUCTION

Insect pests are a major constraint on crop production, especially in developing countries. Over the past 15 years, interest in botanical insecticides has increased as a result of environmental concerns and insect populations becoming resistant to conventional chemicals. The use of synthetic pesticides has raised a number of both ecological and medicinal problems yet their use has not substantially reduced the pest losses, (Bekele and Hassanali 2001)
Botanical insecticides are naturally occurring insecticides that are derived from plants (Isman 2000). Natural plant extracts play an increasingly prominent role as alternatives to synthetic pesticides due to the increasing concern on health hazards, environmental pollution and negative effects on non-target organisms (Sharma et al., 2006).

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