Profit Efficiency of Pig Producers in Kaduna State, Nigeria

International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VI, Issue X, October 2019 | ISSN 2321–2705

Profit Efficiency of Pig Producers in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Abiyong, P. A.^1*, Abu, G.A.², Odoemenem, I. U², Biam, C.K.²

¹Department of Extension and Management, Samaru Kataf Campus, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria, Nigeria
²Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Agriculture, P.M.B 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
*Correspondence Author

Abstract: – The study analysed the profit efficiency among pig producers in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from one hundred pig producers. Primary data were generated using structured questionnaires and personal observations for 2015 production year. Data were analysed using gross margin, Cobb Douglas Stochastic profit frontier function, maximum likelihood estimates and factor analysis. Pig production was profitable with a return per naira invested of 69% and gross margin of N8,426.30 per pig. The result of profit efficiency showed that feeds and labour coefficients were 0.13 and 0.19 respectively and were significant at 1% level. The study found out that profit efficiency varied from 0.01 to 0.99 with a mean profit efficiency of 52.35%. On the other hand, profit inefficiency increased with the use of the following variables, education, farming experience, household size, gender, pen age and conflict while age and co-operative membership decreased profit inefficiency. The result of the chi- square (x) confirmed that farm and farm-specific characteristics significantly affected profit inefficiency at 5% level. It is recommended that all the variables responsible for profit inefficiency should be adequately addressed through good and experienced management.

Key Words: pig, producer, profit efficiency, gross margin

I. INTRODUCTION

In Nigeria, the indigenous pigs have been recommended as a good alternative source of cheap and high quality animal protein that suits the escalating human population. They have relatively low cost of production and their growth rate is fast, (Osaro, 1995; Onwujiariri and Okoronkwo, 2007). In addition, they are a source of income to many rural and urban dwellers. Their anal droppings are also used to fertilize backyard farms and vegetable gardening in fadama (Holmes, 1991 and Osaro, 1995). Nigeria is yet to become self-sufficient in animal protein intake. The intake of protein of livestock origin is estimated at 3.3g – 3.5g/head/day as against the recommended Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) figure of 27.2g/head/day (Tewe 1999; Aromolaran and Bamgbose, 1999).

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