Dr. B.Narasimha Rao, Dr. Ravindranath, P.Ayub Khan, S.Rahath Fatima April 2020 Page No.: 01-09
Accurate determination of elements in various kinds of samples is essential for many areas, including environmental science, medicine, as well as industry. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry that is highly sensitive and capable of the determination of a range of metals. In trace elemental analysis, the method has advantages of high speed, precision, and sensitivity compared to other elemental analytical techniques. The next generation of ICP-MS is Next ION 300 ICP-MS instrument are 3 modes of operations (standard, collision, & reaction) various calibration approaches can be used to perform accurate quantitative measurements by ICP-MS. It is important to give an overview of the most common applications currently being carried out by ICP-MS and its sampling accessories, to give a flavour of the different industries and markets that are benefiting from the techniques enormous potential.
- Page(s): 01-09
- Date of Publication: 15 April 2020
- Dr. B.Narasimha Rao
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, P.Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Andhra Pradesh, India - Dr. Ravindranath
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, P.Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Andhra Pradesh, India - P.Ayub Khan
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, P.Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Andhra Pradesh, India - S.Rahath Fatima
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, P.Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Andhra Pradesh, India
References
[1] The 30 – minute guide to ICP-MS. [2] Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) : A versatile tool – Adrain. [3] International Research Article of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) by Mahesh Batsala. [4] The easy guide to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS). [5] Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) reading material – Debjani Banerjee. [6] Quantitative aspects of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) – Ewa Bulska & Barbara Wagner. [7] Review Reaction cells and collision cells for ICP-MS; a tutorial review. [8] ICP-MS for the analysis at the nanoscale (A tutorial review). [9] Baranov V and Tanner S. A dynamic reaction cell for ICP-MS. Part 1: The rf-field energy contribution in thermodynamics of ion-molecule reactions”. J Anal At Spectrom. 1999;14(8):1133–1142. [10] B’Hymer, Clayton, Judith A. Brisbin, Karen L. Sutton and Joseph A Caruso. New approaches for elemental speciation using plasma mass spectrometry.” American Laboratory, 17-32. [11] High resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Visited April, 2000. [12] http://www.eaglabs.com/techniques/an alytical_techniques/la_icp_ms.php. [13] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductively _coupled_plasma. [14] ICP-MS at Cardiff University. Visited, 2000. [15] Raise your expectations with the next generation of ICP-MS – Agilent technology [16] ICP Dussuieux(ICP-MS) laure [17] Elemental, Plasma Quad Software manual, VG plasma Quad 3 users guide. [18] Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry – Wiley VCH Newyork, 1998. [19] Laser Ablation ICPMS. Rev Mineral Geochen 2003;53 [20] Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry – Jarvis KE, AL Gray and RS Houk Handbook.
Dr. B.Narasimha Rao, Dr. Ravindranath, P.Ayub Khan, S.Rahath Fatima “A Hyphenated Technique On Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.01-09 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/01-09.pdf
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D.U Yuguda, D. Kulawe April 2020 Page No.: 10-15
The study aimed to determine the impact of coal mining activities on edible crops around Maiganga coal mine site of Akko Local Government Area, Gombe State-Nigeria by assessing the level of some heavy metals in some selected crops and soil around the area so as to ascertain the influence of coal mining on crops around the area. Two regions were compared which include contaminated site (farms around Maiganga coal mine site) and a non-contaminated site (farm lands 40km away from Maiganga coal mines). Soil, maize and millet samples were collected from each of the two study areas, they were then labeled and stored in polythene bags. The leaves samples were shade dried, grinded and labeled before taken to the Biochemistry Department laboratory of Gombe State University for processing and analysis. Among the selected heavy metals analyzed Zn, Fe and Mn were detected while Co, Cd and Pb were not at detectable range of ASS machine. However, the result showed that the level of Fe and Zn concentration in maize, millet and soil samples were higher in the contaminated site while the level of Mn was higher in the control site than in the contaminated site. The mean concentration value in maize leaves samples of Zn=67.13 Fe =24.93 Mn = 198.0 and Zn=58.33 Fe =24.00 and Mn =235 in the contaminated and the uncontaminated site respectively, whereas the mean concentration value in millet leaves samples of Zn=59.53 Fe =30.00 Mn =119.0 and Zn= 55.67 Fe = 25.20 and Mn = 226.0 in the contaminated and the uncontaminated site respectably, and that of the mean concentration value in soil samples of Zn= 42.67 Fe = 32.27 Mn =191.0 and Zn= 4.80 Fe = 28.00 and Mn =260 in the contaminated and the uncontaminated site respectably. Moreover, the data collected were analyzed using student T test in SPSS version 16 for comparison of the two study areas. Moreover, the value obtained were all below the recommended level. If the concentration of toxic metals continue to increase it will pose a health threat to the local people who continue to consume on edible crops cultivated around the affected area.
- Page(s): 10-15
- Date of Publication: 17 April 2020
- D.U Yuguda
Department of Biological Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria - D. Kulawe
Department of Biological Sciences, Gombe State University, Gombe, Nigeria
References
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D.U Yuguda, D. Kulawe, “Impact of Coal Mining Activities on Crops around Maignga Coal Mining Site, Akko Local Government of Gombe State-Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.10-15 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/10-15.pdf
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Shehu Yakubu, G. A Usman, A.M Hassan April 2020 Page No.: 16-22
The study determined the effects of Pascal problem solving strategies on technical college students’ achievement in Radio, Television and Electronics (RTVE) in Niger State, Nigeria. Related literature was reviewed under appropriate headings. Specifically, the pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group experimental research design was used. The target population for the study consisted of 310 Technical College two (TC II) RTVE students in all the Niger state technical colleges. Two sets of lesson plans were prepared by the researcher and used to teach the experimental and control groups respectively. Radio, Television and Electronics Trade Achievement Test (RTVEAT) was used as instrument for data collection. The Radio, Television and Electronic Achievement Test (RTVEAT) was face and content validated by two experts in that field from Industrial and Technology Education Department, Federal University of Technology Minna .and one expert in Government Technical College Eyagi-Bida. The measure of reliability coefficient of the RTVEAT was established to be 0.87usingKuder Richardson 20 (K-R 20) formula. Data collected were analyzed using mean and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Mean was used to answer the research questions while ANCOVA was used to test the hypotheses at.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that students taught RTVE with Pascal problem solving strategies performed better as they had higher achievement scores than students taught with lecture method; 1) There was a significance difference in the mean achievement scores of students taught withPascal problem solving strategies and those taught with lecture method; 2) There was no significance difference in the mean achievement scores of male and female students taught with Pascal problem solving strategies and those taught with lecture method. The findings imply that Pascal problem solving model is a suitable teaching method for improving students’ achievement in RTVE. It is therefore recommended that technical college teachers be trained and equipped with necessary pedagogical skills needed to effectively use Pascal problem solving model in the teaching RTVE.
- Page(s): 16-22
- Date of Publication: 20 April 2020
- Shehu Yakubu
Governemnt Technical College, Eyagi-Bida, Nigeria - G. A Usman
Industrial and Technology Education Department, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria - A.M Hassan
Industrial and Technology Education Department, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
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Shehu Yakubu, G. A Usman, A.M Hassan “Effects of Pascal Problem Solving Strategies on Technical College Students’ Achievement in Radio, Television and Electronics in Niger State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.16-22 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/16-22.pdf
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Dennis Kinoti Gikunda, Benard Kivunge April 2020 Page No.: 23-29
A triple system is an absolutely fascinating concept in projective geometry. This paper is an extension of previously done work on triple systems, specifically the triples that fit into a Fano plane and the (i, j, k) triples of the quaternion group. Here, we have explored and determined the existence of triple systems in Z*n for n = p, n = pq and n = 2mp with m εN, p, qεP, and p > q, where N is the set of natural numbers, Z*n is the set of primes and is the set of units in Zn. A triple system in has been denoted by (k1,k2,k3) where there exists ki > 1, i = 1,2,3, such that ki2 ≡ 1(mod n) with k1k2 ≡ k3(mod n), k1k3 ≡ k2 (mod n) and k2k3 ≡ k1 (mod n). We have also investigated the number of triples in and determined the general formula for getting the triples. Further, we have fitted the triples into Fano planes and established the projective geometry structure for the above defined.
- Page(s): 23-29
- Date of Publication: 20 April 2020
- Dennis Kinoti Gikunda
Kenyatta University, Kenya - Benard Kivunge
Kenyatta University, Kenya
References
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Dennis Kinoti Gikunda, Benard Kivunge “Triple System and Fano Plane Structure in Z*n” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.23-29 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/23-29.pdf
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Florence A. Bello, Mopelola A. Sodipo, Eduwem S. Peter April 2020 Page No.: 30-38
This study investigated the suitability of unripe cooking banana, African breadfruit seed and broken rice in the production of complementary foods. The flour blends were prepared in varying proportions of 100:0:0 (A), 95:5:0 (B), 85:10:5 (C), 75:15:10 (D) and 65:20:15 (E) while the commercial formula (F) served as control. The functional, nutritional, anti-nutritional and sensory properties were determined using standard methods. The loose bulk density, packed bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, gelatinization temperature and swelling index of the flour samples ranged from 0.35-0.67 g/ml, 0.63-0.87 g/ml, 2.40-4.06 g/g, 1.37-1.76 g/g, 70.00-79.30 ºC and 1.45-2.07 ml/ml, respectively. There was significant (p<0.05) increase in moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, ash and crude fibre content of the flour blends with sample E having the highest value in each, with a decrease in the carbohydrate and energy values. Selected mineral composition (Zn, Ca. Fe, Na and K) of the complementary flour samples was higher than that of the control. The anti-nutrient result showed that there was a significant (p<0.05) increase in the oxalate and tannin contents and a decrease in the phytate and phenol levels with increasing substitution of the flour blends. The sensory scores of the gruel produced from control was most preferred with respect to overall acceptability followed by samples A and D.
- Page(s): 30-38
- Date of Publication: 21 April 2020
- Florence A. Bello
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria - Mopelola A. Sodipo
Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria - Eduwem S. Peter
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
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Florence A. Bello, Mopelola A. Sodipo, Eduwem S. Peter “Effect of African Breadfruit Seed and Broken Rice Flour Blends Supplementation on Physicochemical and Sensory Attributes of Unripe Cooking Banana Based Complementary Foods” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.14-20 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/14-20.pdf
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Suleiman Ali, Zainab A., Umar Dan’azumi, Mohammed Nur Idris, Zakari Abba Ali Garga, Shehu Ibrahim Baba Baburo, Babagana Umar April 2020 Page No.: 39-43
Amylase enzymes are important enzymes employed in starch processing industries for hydrolysis of polysaccharides such as starch and starch based substrates into simple sugar constituents, in this studies, the quantitative production of Maize starch and the Hydrolysis of starch obtained by the crude amylase enzymes from Aspergillus niger was investigated. The Results from the various steeping time of the corn starch revealed that at 24 hours yielded 71% of starch, at 48 hours yielded 72.4% of starch and at 72 hours yielded 77.8% of starch. The temperature at which complete granular disruption and the formation of a gelatinized starch solution was found at 64.75oC for initial pasting temperature, 73.00oC for peak temperature and 78.50oC is the temperature at which the starch was completely gelatinized. The digestibility of the starch by crude amylases from Aspergillus niger revealed the presence of reducing sugar as 4.70±0.14mg/ml over the period of 10minutes, 5.20±0.28mg/ml over the period of 20minutes, 5.60±0.14mg/ml over the period of 30minutes, 5.30±0.14mg/ml over the period of 40minutes, 5.10±0.14mg/ml over the period of 50minutes and 4.70±0.14mg/ml over the period of 60minutes. At 30 minutes incubation period shows the highest yield of the reducing sugar further incubation result in a decline in the amount of reducing sugar produced. From this studies 30 minutes incubation time, refers to as the optimal hydrolytic reaction time for the starch extracted from our locally produced yellow maize using crude culture filtrate.
- Page(s): 39-43
- Date of Publication: 22 April 2020
- Suleiman Ali
Department of Basic Science Yobe State College of Agriculture, Gujba, Nigeria - Zainab A.
Department of Biochemistry University of Maiduguri, Nigeria - Umar Dan’azumi
Department of Basic Science Yobe State College of Agriculture, Gujba, Nigeria - Mohammed Nur Idris
Department of Basic Science Yobe State College of Agriculture, Gujba, Nigeria - Zakari Abba -Ali Garga
Department of Entrepreneur University of Maiduguri, Nigeria - Shehu Ibrahim Baba Baburo
Department of Basic Science Yobe State College of Agriculture, Gujba, Nigeria - Babagana Umar
Department of Basic Science Yobe State College of Agriculture, Gujba, Nigeria
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Suleiman Ali, Zainab A., Umar Dan’azumi, Mohammed Nur Idris, Zakari Abba Ali Garga, Shehu Ibrahim Baba Baburo, Babagana Umar “Preliminary Studies on the Digestibility of Maize Starch Using Crude Amylases from Aspergilus niger” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.39-43 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/21-27.pdf
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R.B. Bob-Manuel April 2020 Page No.: 44-46
This research was aimed at assessing the effectiveness and acceptability of Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) in selected communities in Bori, Rivers State. IRS is the process of spraying the inside of dwellings (walls and ceilings) with an insecticide to kill or repel mosquitoes that spread malaria. A structured questionnaire was administered to 500 households and all were retrieved. The result showed a coverage of 59.2%. The population was male dominated (62%) within a vibrant age group of 21 – 40 years (65.8%), comprising business owners (32%), farmers (22%), civil servants (27%) and students (18%). 69.4% of them were permanent residents of over 20 years. Mosquito bites were experienced mainly at night (41%) during the wet season (83%). After five months of the IRS intervention, there was mosquito vector population reduction, 358 (71.6%) but fairly high prevalence of malaria disease (63%). Overall effectiveness of the intervention was 62.2% with 68.2% wholeheartedly accepting the programme. As recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and adopted by the National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP), IRS still represents one of the main tools in the basic strategy applied to achieve decreases in malaria cases in Africa, Nigeria and Bori inclusive.
- Page(s): 44-46
- Date of Publication: 23 April 2020
- R.B. Bob-Manuel
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, P.M.B. 5047, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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R.B. Bob-Manuel “Assessing the Effectiveness and Acceptability of Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) on Malaria Morbidity in Selected Communities in Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.44-46 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/44-46.pdf
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Abubakar A.A, Luka Y.B, Isa K , Falmata Z.W, Shehu A S, Abubakar S April 2020 Page No.: 47-52
This study examined the Relationship between Psychological school climate and Teachers’ effectiveness in senior secondary schools in Yobe State, Nigeria. Four objectives and two research questions guided the study. Two research instruments were used to collect relevant data from the subjects, Psychological School Climate Questionnaire (PSCQ) and Questionnaire on Teachers’ Effectiveness (QTE). The sample of the study was 359 subjects comprising 17 principals and 342 teachers from the two education zones (Potiskum and Gashua zones) in Yobe State. Data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation, SPSS version 20 Package was used to compute the data. The findings of this study revealed that Psychological School Climate predicts Teachers’ effectiveness in secondary schools in Yobe State. The study also showed that the level of teachers’ effectiveness was high extent in senior secondary schools in Yobe State. This study recommended government to provide more instructional material to senior secondary schools in Yobe State. This study also recommended government to provide in-service training and sufficient funds to teachers in senior secondary schools in Yobe State. The study also recommended school administrators to delegate authority to teachers, motivate teachers, organize workshops/seminars and relate cordially with members of the staff.
- Page(s): 47-52
- Date of Publication: 24 April 2020
- Abubakar A.A
Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria - Luka Y.B
Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria - Isa K
Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria - Falmata Z.W
Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria - Shehu A S
Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria - Abubakar S
Umar Suleiman College of Education Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria
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Abubakar A.A, Luka Y.B, Isa K , Falmata Z.W, Shehu A S, Abubakar S “The Roles of Psychological School Climate as Predictor of Teachers’ Effectiveness; a Management Tool in Senior Secondary Schools in Yobe State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.47-52 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/47-52.pdf
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JP.C. Mbagwu, J.O. Ozuomba and Z.L. Abubakar April 2020 Page No.: 53-57
It has become inevitable there would be communication and due to the extrinsic limitation of the human voice, the public address system came to being. A public address or “PA SYSTEM” is an electronic amplifying system with a mixer, amplifier and loudspeakers, used to strengthen a given sound, e.g. a person making a speech, pre-recorded music, and distributing the sound throughout a venue. The human voice or sound signal is passed through a microphone, which converts the sound energy to electrical energy, the electrical energy signal being transmitted is being received and amplified by the amplifier circuit. The amplifier’s output is fed into the loudspeaker which converts the electrical energy back to the original form but in an amplified state. Based on the procedures adopted, and the tests carried out, the specific findings include a range of 100.2MHz of transmission from a 9V DC battery, and a clear sound produced from the microphone. The work indicated that the practical JP Low cost wireless public address system requiring a low power can be designed and constructed.
- Page(s): 53-57
- Date of Publication: 24 April 2020
- JP.C. Mbagwu
Department of Physics, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria - J.O. Ozuomba
Department of Physics, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria - Z.L. Abubakar
Brigadier General Abubakar Zakari Logun, 32 Artillery Brigade Owena Cantonment Akure, Ondo, Nigeria
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JP.C. Mbagwu, J.O. Ozuomba and Z.L. Abubakar “Design, Construction and Testing of JP Low Cost Wireless Public Address System” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.53-57 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/53-57.pdf
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Koyejo S.O., Akomolafe A.A., Awogbemi C.A., Oladimeji A.O. April 2020 Page No.: 58-75
Parameter estimation is very significant for any probability distribution and therefore, various estimation methods are frequently studied in the statistical literature. This research examined six methods to estimate the parameters of Frechet distribution (Generalized Maximum Likelihood Estimator, Maximum Product Spacing Estimator, L-Moment Estimator and Method of Moment Estimator). These methods were compared using Bias, Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Variance criteria as applied to Nigeria Maximum Annual Rainfall (2010-2015). Simulation study was carried out with simulated data set at different sample sizes and different levels of the shape and scale parameters. The simulation study and analysis revealed that the Generalized Maximum Likelihood (GML) Estimation was the best estimation method in terms of the Mean square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Variance; while Maximum Product Spacing Estimation method was the best estimation method with real life data.
- Page(s): 58-75
- Date of Publication: 29 April 2020
- Koyejo S.O.
Department of Statistics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria - Akomolafe A.A.
Department Statistics, National Mathematical Centre, Kwali, Abuja, Nigeria - Awogbemi C.A.
Department Statistics, National Mathematical Centre, Kwali, Abuja, Nigeria - Oladimeji A.O.
Department of Statistics, Osun State College of Science and Technology, Esa-Oke, Nigeria
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Koyejo S.O., Akomolafe A.A., Awogbemi C.A., Oladimeji A.O. “Extension of Comparative Analysis of Estimation Methods for Frechet Distribution Parameters ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.58-75 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/58-75.pdf
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Cletus I. Iboh, Stephen E. Etuki, Faustina O Uttah April 2020 Page No.: 76-81
A survey of ectoparasites of domestic and exotic turkeys was carried out in Ugep, Yakurr Local Government Area, to evaluate the infestation level. Out of 91 turkey birds examined for ectoparasites, 67 (73.6%) were infested with ectoparasites. A total of 457 lice were collected from 43 domestic and 48 exotic turkeys. Four species of chewing lice were found and identified as Degeeriella fulva 195 (42.7%), Menacanthus stramineus 103 (22.5%), Goniocotes gallinae 140 (30.6%), and Strigiphilus sp nymphs 19 (4.2%). The commonest species of lice frequently encountered was Degeeriella fulva female with 42.7% occurrence. There was statistical significant difference (P < 0.01) in the infestation rate of male and female lice on turkey birds. The proportion of lice found infesting turkey birds in the study area was 120 (26.3%) males, 318 (69.6%) females and 19 (4.2%) nymphs. The commonest frequently encountered lice was Degeeriella fulva female with 42.7% occurrence. There was statistical significant difference (x2 = 10, df = 2, p < 0.01) in the infestation rate of male and female lice on turkey birds. Turkeys in Yenon farm had the highest infestation of 260 (56.9%). There were overt high infestation symptoms among birds such as constant preening and fallout of feathers. The high infestation of turkeys in the study area was due to poor managerial practices by farmers. For the turkey farming to grow and provide the needed protein from turkeys to consumers, farmers must adhere strictly to managerial specifications outlined for turkey production.
- Page(s): 76-81
- Date of Publication: 01 May 2020
- Cletus I. Iboh
Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, P.M.B.1123, Cross River State, Nigeria - Stephen E. Etuki
Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, P.M.B.1123, Cross River State, Nigeria - Faustina O Uttah
Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, P.M.B.1123, Cross River State, Nigeria
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Cletus I. Iboh, Stephen E. Etuki, Faustina O Uttah “A Survey of Ectoparasites Infestation of Domestic and Exotic Turkey Birds in Ugep, Yakurr Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.76-81 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/76-81.pdf
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Opiriyabo I. Horsfall, Onengiyeofori A. Davies, Akpan, M. Joseph April 2020 Page No.: 82-88
In this study Poisson impedance pre-stack seismic inversion has been extensively studied to determine reservoir properties in Gamma field Niger Delta, from high resolution seismic data and well logs. Three main classifications of lithogy (sand, sandy-shale and shale) were discriminated based on the well log Crossplot between gamma ray and Poisson impedance. Also, well log Crossplot between density and Poisson ratio, formed three major clusters which are probably shale, brine and hydrocarbon zones. The sand lithofacies shows low values of gamma ray (< 57 API) and PI (< 5200 ft/s*g/cc) while shale lithofacies possesses high values of gamma ray (> 57 API) and PI (> 5600 ft/s*g/cc). Hydrocarbon zones show low values of PI (< 4995 ft/s*g/cc) while brine and shale zones have intermediate PI (Between 5100 to 5388 ft/s*g/cc) and high values PI (> 5508 ft/s*g/cc) respectively. The value of scale factor, c was calculated to be 1.38, which was obtained from the inverse of the slope of the regression line between the P-impedance (Ip) and a scaled version of the S-impedance (Is). The scale factor was used in calculation of Poisson impedance. Inversion of the seismic data was also carried out to generate horizon slices of Poisson Impedance away from the wellbore. Results show that anomalously low values of Poisson impedance (Between 4862 to 5168 ft/s*g/cc) were observed in both cross-sections and horizon slices indicating the presence of hydrocarbon sands.
- Page(s): 82-88
- Date of Publication: 02 May 2020
- Opiriyabo I. Horsfall
Department of Physics, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria - Onengiyeofori A. Davies
Department of Physics, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria - Akpan, M. Joseph
Department of Physics, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Nigeria
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Opiriyabo I. Horsfall, Onengiyeofori A. Davies, Akpan, M. Joseph “Determination of Reservoir Properties from Poisson Impedance Pre-stack Inversion” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.82-88 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/82-88.pdf
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JP.C. Mbagwu, Obidike Blessing, I.V.Anyiam, F.I. Omeje April 2020 Page No.: 89-95
An urgent respiratory disease called novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV) has spread throughout the globe. In this study, we investigated the pattern of distribution of COVID-19 in five different continents of the global spread as at 26thMarch, 2020. An online sample of distribution was successfully recruited from Africa, America, Asia, Oceania and Europe. The epidemiological curve and pattern of geographical distribution was also reviewed and results show that European countries like Italy, Spain and United Kingdom indicate an epidemic progression in relation to same curve observed in China in January and February 2020 but with exception to China. European countries record more cases since outbreak of the ensued deadly COVID-19, followed by America and Asia. More than 80% of patients are confirmed in Italy, Spain, UK and USA and this calls for an urgent need to develop therapeutics and vaccines so as to prevent further global spread.
- Page(s): 89-95
- Date of Publication: 02 May 2020
- JP.C. Mbagwu
Department of Physics, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria - Obidike Blessing
Department of Chemistry, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria - I.V.Anyiam
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria - F.I. Omeje
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
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[21] Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L. and Tong, Y. (2020). Early Transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China of Novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. The new England Journal of medicine.
[22] Zhong, N. S., Zheng, B. J., Li, Y. M., Poon, L. L. M., Xie, Z. H., Chan, K. H., Li, P. H., Tan, S. Y., Chang, Q. and Xie, J. P. (2003). Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Quandong; People’s Republic of China in February 2003, Lancet, 362: 1353-1358.
JP.C. Mbagwu, Obidike Blessing, I.V.Anyiam, F.I. Omeje “A Review: Global Pattern of Distribution of Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.89-95 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/89-95.pdf
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Hope Emeakayi Okafor April 2020 Page No.: 96-103
Employees do not stay in organizations forever, at some point, some employees leave, this study investigated the relationship between employee separation and work attitude of staff of Microfinance Banks in Anambra State as a broad objective. The study was anchored on Rational Choice Theory (RCT) by Gary Becker. Survey research design was adopted by the study. The population of the study consisted of 297 employees of ten (10) randomly selected banks. Using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) formula, the sample size of the study was 168. The instrument for data collected was questionnaire which was validated using face and content technique while the reliability was ascertained using Crombach Alpha and a coefficient of 894 was obtained. Regression technique was used for data analysis at 5% level of significance. The result revealed that a significant positive relationship exists between career development prospects and employee commitment (r = .937, p-value =.000) and that a positive relationship exists between career counselling and employee engagement (r = .952, p-value =.000) in Microfinance Banks in Anambra State. The study therefore concluded that employee separation influences the attitude of employees to work. It was among others recommended that the studied organization provides career advancement programs to the employees and that they should also provide for regular career counselling services to their employees.
- Page(s): 96-103
- Date of Publication: 05 May 2020
- Hope Emeakayi Okafor
Department of Business Administration, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, Anambra State Nigeria
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Hope Emeakayi Okafor “Employee Separation Dynamics as a Predictor of Workplace Attitude: A Microfinance Banks Perspective” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.96-103 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/96-103.pdf
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Otene, B.B, J.F. Alfred-Ockiya, J.F, Ejiko, E.O April 2020 Page No.: 104-110
The bio-indices of bacteria load in water and mangrove oyster (crassostrea gasar) tissues of Woji/Trans-Amadi creek, Port Harcourt, Nigeria were studied between January and June, 2019. Water and oyster (Crassostrea gasar) samples were collected from three stations and analysed for bacteria using standard method. The data obtained were subjected to SPSS software version 20 for descriptive and inferential statistics using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range test. The results obtained showed that the water and the oyster samples contained 11 and 12 species of bacteria respectively with oyster samples containing more bacteria counts than the water. Bacteria counts in station 2 for both samples differed significantly from stations 1 and 3 at p<0.05. Some of the species of bacteria identified were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella species, Enterococci sp, Klebsiella. Shannon-Wienner index and other indices showed that the water and oyster tissues were heavily (0.928±0.01) and moderately (1.044±0.09) polluted microbially. The results suggest that Woji/Trans-Amadi creek is moderately to heavily polluted microbially hence adequate measure should be taken to prevent further discharge of organic wastes into the creek.
- Page(s): 104-110
- Date of Publication: 06 May 2020
- Otene, B.B
Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environment, Rivers state University Port Harcourt, Nigeria. - J.F. Alfred-Ockiya, J.F
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Africa, Toru-Orua, Bayelsa State, Nigeria - Ejiko, E.O
Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environment, Rivers state University Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
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Otene, B.B, J.F. Alfred-Ockiya, J.F, Ejiko, E.O “Bio-Indices of Bacteria Loads in Water and Mangrove Oyster (Crassostrea Gasar) of Woji/ Trans-Amadi Creek, Port Harcourt, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.104-110 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/104-110.pdf
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Awogbemi, Clement Adeyeye April 2020 Page No.: 111-121
Failure to transform to normality before classification affects probabilities of misclassification while comparing the distribution of errors of misclassification. A uniformly distributed random variable generated by a varied and repeated method was employed to generate the errors of misclassification for normal and Edgeworth Series Distributions. The proposed method was proved and on the basis of this, an algorithm was developed. There is a non linear dependence of the total probabilities of misclassification on the skewness factor. It was observed that there is a disordered relationship between the probabilities of misclassication for normal and Edgeworth Series Distributions
- Page(s): 111-121
- Date of Publication: 06 May 2020
- Awogbemi, Clement Adeyeye
Department of Statistics, National Mathematical Centre, Abuja, Nigeria
References
[1] Awogbemi, C.A. and Onyeagu, S.I. (2019). Errors of misclassification Associated with Edgeworth Series Distribution, American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 8(6), pp. 203-213.
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[4] Fred, S. (2010). The Refined Positive Definite and Unimodal Regions for the Gram-Charlier and Edgeworth Series Expansions. Advances in Decision Sciences, pp. 5-8.
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[7] Bhuyan, C.K. (2010). Probability Theory and Statistical Inference, New Central Book Agency Ltd., London
[8] Sheldon, R. (2013). A First Course in Probability, 9th ed., Pearson, University of Southern Califonia.
Awogbemi, Clement Adeyeye “Graphical Evaluation of Probabilities of Misclassifications for Normal and Edgeworth Series Distributions” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.111-121 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/111-121.pdf
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Ogebe, F. O; Abah Daniel and Burbwa, P. A. April 2020 Page No.: 122-133
The process of economic transformation and development calls for the participation of all interest groups in the economy hence this study set out to assess trends in domestic and foreign direct investments in Nigerian agriculture sector. The research utilized time series data which were obtain from CBN and other International agencies. Stationarity test (ADF) was carries out to examine the time series characteristics of the data. The unit root test indicated that the variables are integrated of the order 1(1). This was then tested for co-integration or Error Correction Model (ECM). The results of econometric analysis showed that the dependent variables actually co-integrate with their fundamentals. The study observed that the pattern of domestic and foreign investments in Nigeria tended to be volatile, displaying highly variable growth rates, and high degrees of fluctuation or instability. The study revealed that the pattern of domestic investment in Nigeria was very unstable between 1981 and 2000, but more so for investment in agriculture than for the whole economy. There was, however, a measure of relative stability after 1995 in both aggregate and agricultural sector investment. As regards the annual flow of foreign net private investment, the degree of volatility was even higher than for domestic investment. And again, the agricultural sector recorded a higher degree of volatility than the economy as a whole. The result of the empirical estimate of determinants of investment revealed that public investment (GI), inflation rate (INFR), terms of trade (TOT) and total credit plus foreign revenue (TC) significantly influence domestic private investment. On the other hand, public capital expenditure, growth rate of the economy and inflation rate are the variables that significantly influence foreign direct investment in agriculture in Nigeria. It is recommended that all the policies put in place by the Monetary and Fiscal Authorities to encourage flow of funds to the agricultural sector be sustained. More so, Federal government should overhaul its capital budgetary processes and provision so as to make positive impact in development of the sector.
- Page(s): 122-133
- Date of Publication: 07 May 2020
- Ogebe, F. O
Senior Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria - Abah Daniel
Senior Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria - Burbwa, P. A.
Assistant Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2373, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
References
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Ogebe, F. O; Abah Daniel and Burbwa, P. A. “Trends and Determinants of Foreign Direct and Domestic Private Investment in Nigeria’s Agriculture (1981-2000)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.122-133 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/122-133.pdf
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Ogebe, F.O, Ogah, M. O April 2020 Page No.: 134-142
The Government of Nigeria has implemented a policy of food security for smallholder by making provision of credit needed for purchasing inputs such as farm machinery, fertilizer and seeds. This study analyzed access to and adequacy of credit for smallholders with landholdings up to 3 hectares, using primary data collected through a survey of 556 smallholders. The study showed smallholders are constrained with regards to obtaining credit for the purchase of farm inputs for investment in farm development and this is evidenced by the significant gap between credit demand and credit supply. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that the coefficients of annual income, farm size and previous loan status showed positive signs and were significant, implying that all the variables encouraged larger credit size to farmers. The study recommends flow of capital to formal institutions for onward disbursement to smallholders so as to increase their farm sizes and income thereby attracting larger credit size. It is hoped that the finding of this study will make a useful contribution to the understanding and remedying of the difficulties that smallholders experience in obtaining credit which may be of value not only in Nigeria but in other developing countries.
- Page(s): 134-142
- Date of Publication: 07 May 2020
- Ogebe, F.O
Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria - Ogah, M. O
Department of Agricultural Economics, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
References
[1] Abedullah, M. N., Khalid, M. and Kouser, S. (2009). Role of agriculture credit in the growth of livestock sector: A case study of Faisalabad. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 29(2): 81-84.
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Ogebe, F.O, Ogah, M. O “Smallholders’ Access to Agricultural Credit in North-Central Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.134-142 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/134-142.pdf
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Mohammed Azam Khan, Haritabh Rana April 2020 Page No.: 143-145
India accounts for more than 20 % of the granite deposits of the world. Rock dust or granite slurry is a granite manufacturing waste product resulting due to the cutting and polishing process. Large quantities of rock dust are produced annually. Disposal of this rock dust has become a major problem. Granites are enriched in several alkali and alkaline earth elements such as potassium, aluminium, calcium and several trace elements. The authors have tried to find out the suitability of rock dust to its use as a fertiliser. The granite slurry is having good percentage of potassium and nitrogen with alkaline pH values which can be considered good for fertilizer use rather than keeping it as waste.
- Page(s): 143-145
- Date of Publication: 10 May 2020
- Mohammed Azam Khan
Manager, Business Development and Quality Control, Fastwell Dealcom Private Limited, Bengaluru, India - Haritabh Rana
Assistant Geologist, Geological Survey of India, Kolkata, India
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Mohammed Azam Khan, Haritabh Rana “Granite Slurry: A Valued By-Product as Fertilizer” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.143-145 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/143-145.pdf
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P. A. Ozoh, A. A. Adigun, L. O. Omotosho April 2020 Page No.: 146-152
Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that is used to analyze large set of data. Machine learning approach is a statistical approach on learning more about a raw data set. When considering the existing systems in the world, there is a huge output of data which are not well analyzed. The use of machine learning techniques provide a way of analyzing a huge data set in order to find patterns and relationships among different entities which cannot be observed without advanced analyzing techniques. In this paper, the machine learning techniques that will be considered include; Box-Jenkins method, artificial neural network (ANN) technique, and Kalman technique. Each technique will be implemented using python, and the results obtained using the mentioned methods will be compared. This paper explores the application of effective machine learning to overcome challenges associated with data analysis and demonstrates how machine learning techniques have contributed and are contributing to research in machine learning.
- Page(s): 146-152
- Date of Publication: 11 May 2020
- P. A. Ozoh
Department of ICT, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria - A. A. Adigun
Department of ICT, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria - L. O. Omotosho
Department of ICT, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
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P. A. Ozoh, A. A. Adigun, L. O. Omotosho “A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.146-152 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/146-152.pdf
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Rajamanickam.V, Sivakumar.V April 2020 Page No.: 153-156
Biodiesel is becoming popular as an environmentally friendly fuel, it has been used as an alternative for diesel fuel in the automotive indusThe prevalence of worm infestation is high in underdeveloped and developing countries because of poor sanitation and lack of health education. Our study was aimed to search out the individual and synergestic result of andrographis paniculata (Family: Acanthaceae), coriandrum sativum (Family:Apiaceae), curcuma longa(Family: Zingiberaceae), ocimum sanctum(Family: Lamiaceae), phyllanthus emblica(Family: Phyllanthaceae) and trigonellafoenum-graecum(Family: Fabaceae) extract as a result of they need been used historically for the treatment of worm infestation. Additional exploring the phytoconstituents gift within the herbs of the polyherbal formulation can aid us within the bioactivity gift. Various concentration of ethanolic extracts of varied herbs and therefore the polyherbal formulation were subjected for assessment of anthelmintic activity in Pheritima posthuma. Time of dysfunction associated time of death was used as an analysis parameter. helminthic change state (10 mg/ml) was used as a customary drug. Phytochemical take a look at discovered the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds and tannins. Concentration dependent anthelmintic result was discovered with the extract. once one hundred mg/ml concentration of ethanolic extracts of the polyherbal formulation was more it showed dysfunction of take a look at worm (earthworm) at eight minutes and death at fifteen minutes. The combination of two plant extracts has shown substantial anthelmintic activity exploitation in vitro model on earthworms which can be attributed to the polyphenols gift within the extract.
- Page(s): 153-156
- Date of Publication: 13 May 2020
- Rajamanickam.V
Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil, India - Sivakumar.V
Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Krishnankoil, India
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Rajamanickam.V, Sivakumar.V “Synergistic Anthelmintic Activity of Leaf Extract of Andrographis Paniculata with other Plant Extracts” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 4 April 2020, pp.153-156 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.5&Issue4/153-156.pdf
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