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Students’ Level of Scientific Literacy and Academic Performance in Physics Concepts in Rivers State, Nigeria

Aderonmu, Temitope S. B. & Adolphus, Telima January 2021 Page No.: 01-04

The vision of every scientific community is the development of scientific literacy of its learners to proffer solutions to compelling scientific demands that is confronted in our everyday engagements. Acquisition of scientific literacy is a yardstick for societal development. Therefore, the study investigated students’ level of scientific literacy and academic performance in Physics concepts. The study adopted the Ex-post facto research design method using 246 SS 3 Physics students selected for the study by random sampling technique in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of River State, Nigeria. Instruments for data collection were “Questionnaire on Scientific Literacy Assessment Template” (QSLAT) with reliability coefficient index of 0.79 and raw scores of SS 3 students for first term 2019/2020 session in Physics. Data was analyzed using Multiple Correlation Analysis (MCA), Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe post-hoc analysis at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that relationship between level of scientific literacy and students’ academic performance in Physics was statistically significant. Furthermore, the scientific literacy level of Physics students was low because most students were found to have their scientific literacy levels at the Nominal Scientific Literacy (NSL) followed by Functional Scientific Literacy, Structural Scientific Literacy while Multi-Dimensional Scientific Literacy was the least. The study recommended that Physics teachers should adopt instructional strategies that will be devoid of rote memorization but encourage active engagement of students in enhancing scientific literacy among others.

  •  Page(s): 01-04
  •  Date of Publication: 22 January 2020
  •  Aderonmu, Temitope S. B.
    University Demonstration Secondary School, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
  •  Adolphus, Telima
    Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Rivers State University Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

References

 

[1] Aderonmu, T. S. B. & Nte F. U. (2014). Diagnosing Error Pattern of Physics Students in Solving Problems Using Progressive Wave Equation (PWE) in Senior Secondary Schools in Rivers State. ARPN Journal of Science and Technology, 4 (4), 277-281.
[2] Aderonmu, T. S. B., Aziaka, L. S. & Arikawei, R. A. (2016). Ripple effect of African cosmological belief in promoting scientific literacy for African development. Niger Delta Journal of Education. 8(1), 70-88.
[3] Afolabi, F., & Mwakapenda, W. (2014). Science literacy in Nigeria: Veritable tool for development by the year 2020. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences. 9(3), 175-183.
[4] Aina, J. K., Abdulrahman A. O. & Ayodele M. O. (2020). Assessment of Scientific Literacy Skills of College of Education Students in Nigeria. American Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 5(1): 207-220.
[5] Hodson, D. (2008) Towards ScientificLiteracy. A teacher’s guide to the History,Philosophy and Sociology of Science. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
[6] Holbrook, J., & Rannikmae, M. (2009). The meaning of scientific literacy. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 4(3), 275-288.
[7] Laugksch, R. C.(2000). Scientific literacy: A conceptual overview. ScienceEducation. 84:71-94.
[8] Nwanekezi, A. U. & Arokoyu, A. A. (2016). Science Education: Theory and Research. Bengoddy Prints. Port Harcourt.
[9] Oboma, J. (2019). Influence of Scientific Literacy on Academic Performance of Chemistry Students in Yakurr Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=3511493 12th January, 2020.
[10] Oluwatelure, T. A. (2012). Investigation into the Scientific Literacy Level of the Nigerian University Undergraduates. British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science. 2(2), 139-149.
[11] Siagian, P., Silitonga, M., & Djulia, E. (2017). Scientific literacy skills of seventh grade junior high school (SMP Negeri) students in North Labuhanbatu Regency. International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education, 4(11), 176-182.
[12] UNESCO (2014). Defining Literacy. Retrieved from http://gaml.uis.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/12/4.6.1_07_4.6-defining-literacy.pdf on 13th January, 2020.

Aderonmu, Temitope S. B. & Adolphus, Telima”Students’ Level of Scientific Literacy and Academic Performance in Physics Concepts in Rivers State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.01-04 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/01-04.pdf

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Influence of Cheap Labour Method By Private Schools on the Efficiency of Secondary School Education In Ilorin Metropolis

Patrick Oluwafemi AKERELE, Tosin .E. AKINDUYO Ph.D January 2021 Page No.: 05-09

This study examines the influence of private schools’ cheap labour method (CLM) on the efficiency of secondary school education in Ilorin Metropolis, Data and information were obtained from respondents through questionnaires which were analyzed with the use of a percentage method .The findings of this study reveal that majority of the private schools’ owners in Ilorin metropolis have a negative attitude towards the efficiency of secondary school education and that low staff/teachers’ qualifications and poor staff/teachers’ salaries are the most common cheap labour method (CLM) used by private schools in Ilorin metropolis. It is therefore recommended that owners of private schools should ensure they employ their staff/teachers based on higher educational qualifications and expertise. Also, ensure that staff/teachers salaries are not delayed and government should ensure that private schools owners follow standards and provision of operational guidelines for setting up of secondary schools.Be monitoring curriculum delivery in secondary schools.

  •  Page(s): 05-09
  •  Date of Publication: 22 January 2021
  •  Patrick Oluwafemi AKERELE
    Unilorin Counselling And Human Development Centre .University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
  •  Tosin .E. AKINDUYO Ph.D
    Department of Guidance and Counselling, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko Ondo State, Nigeria

References

 

[1] Aslam, M., Rawal, S., Kingdon, G., Moon, B., Banerji, R., Das, S.,Sharman, S. (2016). Reforms to Increase Teacher Effectiveness in Developing Countries. London: London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, UCL Institute of Education,
University College London.
[2] Balossi, M. C. & Hernández, N. R (2015). On Teacher Quality in Independent Schools.Peabody College, Vanderbilt University National Association of Independent Schools.
[3] Burgess, S., Davies, N., & Slater, H. (2009). Do teachers matter? Measuring teacher effectiveness in England
[4] DFID Education Department (1993).School effectiveness in developing countries.A summary of the research evidence – Education Research Paper. Retrieved on October 28, 2010, from http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.dfid.gov.uk
[5] EDOREN. (2016). Developing Effective Private Education Nigeria Baseline Report. EDOREN.Hanushek, E., &Woessmann, L. (2011).Overview of the symposium for performance pay for teachers.
[6] Härmä, J (2011) Education Sector Support Programme in Nigeria (ESSPIN). Assignment Report.Study of private schools in Kwara State. Report Number: KW 326
[7] Härmä, J. (2013). Access or quality? Why do families living in slums choose low-cost private schools in Lagos, Nigeria? Oxford Review of Education, 548-566 Ibadan: Bisi Books (Nigeria) Limited IIaro: Kinsbond Investment Ltd
[8] Johnes, J. Portela, M.&Thanassoulis, E.(2017). Efficiency in education. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 2017 (68), 331–338.
[9] Nwankwo, J. I., &Patwari, A. S. (1981). Educational planning: Theory and methods (Nigeria).
[10] Oguntoye A. O., &Alani, R. A. (1998).Financing education in Nigeria: Theory and practice. Osunde, A.U. &Omoruyi, F.E.O. (2005) An assessment of the status of teachers and the teaching profession in Nigeria. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 45(3),
[11] Tooley, J., Dixon, P. & Olaniyan, O. (2005). Private and Public Schooling in low-income areas of Lagos State, Nigeria: A Census and Comparative Survey. International Journal of Educational Research, 43, 125-146.

Patrick Oluwafemi AKERELE, Tosin .E. AKINDUYO Ph.D .Influence of Cheap Labour Method By Private Schools on the Efficiency of Secondary School Education In Ilorin Metropolis ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.14-20 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/14-20.pdf

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Monoethanolamine Pulping Of EFB Agro-Biomass: Effect of Operational Variables on Pulp Screen Yield

Henry Okwudili CHIBUDIKE, Eze MGBACHIUZO, Nelly Acha NDUKWE, Nkemdilim Ifeanyi OBI, Olubamike Adetutu ADEYOJU and Eunice Chinedum CHIBUDIKE January 2021 Page No.: 10-16

In this research work, pulping trials were carried out using the MEA process. The operating conditions such as 50%, 75%, 100% MEA concentration, 150, 160, 170oC cooking temperature, and 60, 90, 120minutes cooking time at constant 4/1 liquor biomass ratio were investigated systematically to establish optimal pulping conditions. This paper investigates the effect of operational (independent) variables i.e. cooking temperature, cooking time, and liquor concentration at constant liquor-biomass ratio of 1/4 on pulp screened yield (dependent variable). By using a central composite factorial design (CCD), equation relating the dependent variable to the different independent variables was derived; which reproduced the experimental results for the dependent variable with errors less than 15%. The lignin content of EFB (18.29%) was low; indicating that EFB should be easier to pulp. The optimum cooking conditions for MEA pulping were 75% MEA concentration, 90 minutes cooking time, and 150°C cooking temperature. The laboratory-scale experimental results indicated that MEA-pulping process is particularly well suited for the pulping of agro-based fibers e.g. EFB of Oil Palm, which was delignified to a low kappa number value of 17.5, pulp yield of 54.73% and screen yield of 53.27% recording a reject of only 1.46%, indicating a good alternative to the Kraft pulping process because of its less polluting effect (environmental impact).

  •  Page(s): 10-16
  •  Date of Publication: 23 January 2020
  •  Henry Okwudili CHIBUDIKE
    Chemical, Fiber and Environmental Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, F.I.I.R.O., Lagos-Nigeria
  •  Eze MGBACHIUZO
    Chemical, Fiber and Environmental Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, F.I.I.R.O., Lagos-Nigeria
  •  Nelly Acha NDUKWE
    Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Basic & Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Magoki, Ogun State, Lagos-Nigeria
  •  Nkemdilim Ifeanyi OBI
    National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency (NOSDRA), Abuja-Nigeria
  •  Olubamike Adetutu ADEYOJU
    Production, Analytical and Laboratory Management, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, F.I.I.R.O., Lagos-Nigeria
  •  Eunice Chinedum CHIBUDIKE
    Planning, Technology Transfer and Information Management, Federal Institute of Industrial Research, Oshodi, F.I.I.R.O., Lagos-Nigeria

References

 

[1] Casey P. J. (1990): “Pulp and Paper. Chemistry and Chemical Technology”. Vol.1 pg. 1, 4.
[2] Chibudike H.O., “Catalytic Enhancement of Monoethanolamine Pulping Process”, PhD Thesis, International University, Bamenda (IUB), Cameroon, 2019 p. 72-92.
[3] Chibudike H.O., Mgbachiuzo E., Adeyoju O.A., Kayode O.F., Arowolo A.B., Orekoya E.O., Tojola O.B. and Ojo B.I. (2011) “Studies of Fiber Characteristics and Paper -making Potentials of Agricultural Wastes”, Nigerian Journal of Engineering Management (NJEM) , Vol. 12, No.1, pp 8 -11.
[4] Holton, J.K., (1977), “Building Technology Publications: Supplement 2”. NBSIR 77-1272
[5] Sjöström E. (1993), “Wood Chemistry: Fundamentals and Applications Gulf Professional Publishing”, – Nature – 2nd Ed. pp 293
[6] Smook, G.A. and Kocurek, M.J. (1992), “Joint Textbook Committee of the Paper Industry, Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry”, Canadian Pulp and Paper Association.
[7] World Bank Group, (1998), “Pollution prevention and abatement handbook: toward cleaner production”, in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. p. cm. Washington, D.C.

Henry Okwudili CHIBUDIKE, Eze MGBACHIUZO, Nelly Acha NDUKWE, Nkemdilim Ifeanyi OBI, Olubamike Adetutu ADEYOJU and Eunice Chinedum CHIBUDIKE, “Monoethanolamine Pulping Of EFB Agro-Biomass: Effect of Operational Variables on Pulp Screen Yield ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.10-16 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/10-16.pdf

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Managerial Conscientiousness and Organizational Innovation in Deposit Money Banks

Yvonne Somukieni Iwo-Brown Januaay 2021 Page No.: 17-20

This study examines the extent to which managerial conscientiousness can relate to organizational innovation in deposit money banks. The research design for this study is the cross-sectional survey. Hence, 25 copies of research instruments were purposely distributed to managerial staff of five banks each in Port Harcourt namely UBA, Access Bank, Zenith Bank, Union Bank, and First Bank of Nigeria making the total of respondents 125. Data analyses were carried out using both descriptive and univariate analyses while our hypotheses were tested using Spearman Rank Order Correlation and partial correlation. The findings reveal that managerial conscientiousness significantly relates to the innovation of an organization and technology can always act as a moderator. Hence the study recommends that managers should be promoted based on their performance and Nigerian banks need to align with their counterparts abroad to improve service methods.

  •  Page(s): 17-20
  •  Date of Publication: 31 January 2021
  •  Yvonne Somukieni Iwo-Brown
    European Global School-University, Paris

References

 

[1] Abdullah I, Rozeyta Omar R, and Panatik S.A. (2016). Literature Review on Personality, Creativity and Innovative behaviour. International Review of Management and Marketing 6(1), 177-182.
[2] Agboola, A.A. (2001). Impacts of Electronic Banking on Customer Services in Lagos, Nigeria in Ife,. Journal of Economic and Finance, Department of Economics; Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria, 5(1), 1-12.
[3] Anderson, C, Flynn. F.J and Spataro, S.E. (2008). Personality and Organizational Culture as Determinants of Influence. Journal of Applied Psychology 93 (3), 702–710.
[4] Bear, G. G., Slaughter, J. C., Mantz, L. S., & Farley-Ripple, E. (2017). Rewards, praise, and punitive consequences: Relations with intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Teaching and Teacher Education, 65, 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.date.2017.03.001
[5] Damanpour. F. and Gopalakrishnan, S. (2001). The dynamics of the product and process innovations in organizations. Journal of Management Studies 38 (1), 45-65.
[6] Dauda, Y. A and Akingbade W.A. (2011). Technology innovation and Nigeria banks performance: The assessment of employee’s and customer’s responses. American Journal Of Social And Management Sciences 2(3), 329-340.
[7] Enyia C. D. (2015). A Review of the evolution of Management schools of thought. Proceedings of the second conference on Human Capital Development 2(2). Port Harcourt: Fortress Educational and consultancy services limited.
[8] Hur, Y. (2018). Testing Herzberg’s Two-Factor theory of motivation in the public sector: Is it applicable to public managers? Public Organization Review, 18, 329–343.
[9] John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. New York: Guilford.
[10] Leonard, J. A. and Waldman, C. (2007). An empirical model of the sources of innovation in the U.S. manufacturing sector. Business Economics 42 (4), 33-45.
[11] Martins, G.S, Lopes, D.P.T and Barbos, A.C.Q. (2012). Organizational Innovation: A Comparative Analysis Between Brazil and Portugal. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences 1(5), 23-40.
[12] Matei, M.-C., & Abrudan, M.-M. (2016). Adapting Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory to the Cultural Context of Romania. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 221, 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.094
[13] McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. Jr. (1999). A five-factor theory of personality. New York: Guilford.
[14] Mkoji, D and Sikalieh, D. (2012). The Influence of Personality Dimensions on Organizational Performance. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 2 (17), 184-194.
[15] Rahman, K.-U., Akhter, W., & Khan, S. U. (2017). Factors affecting employee job satisfaction: A comparative study of conventional and Islamic insurance. Cogent Business & Management, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2016.1273082
[16] Rajapathirana, R. J., & Hui, Y. (2018). Relationship between innovation capability, innovation type, and firm performance. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 3(1), 44–55. doi: 10.1016/j.jik.2017.06.002
[17] Spescha, A., & Woerter, M. (2018). Innovation and firm growth over the business cycle. Industry and Innovation, 26(3), 1–27.
[18] Wolfe, R. (1994). Organizational innovation: review, critique and suggested research directions. Journal of Management Studies . 31(3), 405-431.

Yvonne Somukieni Iwo-Brown, “Managerial Conscientiousness and Organizational Innovation in Deposit Money Banks” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 Januaay 2021, pp.17-20 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/17-20.pdf

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Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates Filled with Hybrid Fillers (Carbon Black/Palm Kernel Shell and Palm Kernel Shell/Sandbox Seed Shell)

Amoke A., Tenebe O.G, Ichetaonye, S.I, Edegbe, O.C, Ayo M.D January 2021 Page No.: 21-26

Comparison of mechanical properties of natural rubber vulcanizates filled with hybrid fillers (carbon black/palm kernel shell and palm kernel shell/sandbox seed shell). The compounding was done at varying ratios 0/60, 10/50, 20/40, 30/30, 40/20, 50/10, 60/0phr for the hybrid carbon black/palm kernel shell (CB/PKS) and palm kernel shell/sandbox seed shell (PKS/SSS), using two roll mill. The results showed that incorporation of hybrid CB/PKS and PKS/SSS fillers into the natural rubber vulcanizates generally increased the tensile strength, modulus and hardness at hybrid filler loadings 0/60, 20/40, 30/30, 40/20, 50/10 and 60/0phr of the composites produced, whereas the elongation at break, abrasion resistance and compression set decreased. The hybrid CB/PKS filled natural rubber vulcanizates exhibited higher tensile strength, modulus and hardness than those of the hybrid PKS/SSS filled natural rubber vulcanizates but lower elongation at break, abrasion resistance and compression set than the hybrid PKS/SSS filled natural rubber vulcanizates.

  •  Page(s): 21-26
  •  Date of Publication: 3 Febraury 2021
  •  Amoke A.,
    Department of Polymer Technology, Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
  •  Tenebe O.G,
    Department of Polymer Technology, Nigeria Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria, Nigeria.
  •  Ichetaonye, S.I,
    Department of Polymer and Textile Technology, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
  •  Edegbe, O.C
    Department of Polymer Technology, Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
  •  Ayo M.D
    Department of Polymer Technology, Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria

References

 

[1] Adeosun. B. F. (2002): Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Agricultural Waste. Nigerian Journal of Polymer Science and Technology, 1, (1), 58-62.
[2] Agarwal B. D & Broutman L. J, (1990): Analysis and performance of fiber composites, Second edition, John wiley & Sons, Inc, 2-16.
[3] Amoke, A., Ogbobe. O., Tenebe, G.O., Ichetaonye, S.I. and Ayo. M.D (2017): Physico-Mechanical Properties And Water Absorption Behaviour Of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates Filled With Sawdust. Research and Reviews in Polymers.8 (1):108.
[4] Ansarifar. A., Shiah. S. F. & Bennett. M. (2006): Optimizing the Chemical Bonding between Silanised Silica Nanofiller and Natural Rubber and Assessing Its Effects on the Properties of the Rubber,” International Journal of Adhe-sion and Adhesives, 26, (6), 454-463.
[5] Arroyo. M., Lopez-Manchado M. A. & Herrero. B., (2003): Organo-montmorillonite as Substitute for Carbon Black in Natural Rubber Compounds,” Polymer, 44, (8), 2447-2453.
[6] ASTMD 3184-80 (1983): Standard Test Method for Compounding Rubber
[7] Daniel D., Punyanich I., Quang N.T, Fredderic G., and Charoen N.,(2009): Graft Copolymers of Natural Rubber and Poly(dimethyl(acryloyloxymethy)lphosphate) (NR-g-PDMAMP) or Poly(dimethyl (methacryloyloxyethyl)phosphate) (NR-g-PDMMEP) from Photo-polymerization in Latex Medium, European Polymer Journal, 45, 820-836.
[8] Egwaikhide P.A., Akporhonor E.E., and Okieimen F.E, (2007): Effect of Coconut Fibre Filler on the Cure Characteristics, Physico- mechanical and Swelling Properties of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates, International Journal of Physical Sciences, 2(2), , 39-46.
[9] Irene S.F, Salahh M.E, Hatem E. (2012): Experimental Investigation of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymers Material Science Application 3: 59-66.
[10] Ismail H, Pasbakhsh P, Ahmad Fauzi MN, Bakar AA (2008): Morphological, thermal and tensile properties of halloysite nanotubes filled ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) Nanocomposites Polymer Test 27: 841-850.
[11] Ismail H., Edyham M.R, Nirjosentono B. (2002) Polymer Test Part B 21: 139.
[12] Ismail H., Rozman H.D., Jaffri R.M, and Ishak Z.A., (1997): Oil Palm Wood Flour Reinforced Epoxidized Natural Rubber Composites: Effects of Filler Content and Size, European Polymer Journal, 33(10-11), 1627-1632.
[13] Ismail. H., Nordin R., & Noor, A. M. (2002): Cure Characteristics, Tensile Properties and Swelling Behaviour of Recycled Rubber Powder-Filled Natural Rubber Compounds Polymer Testing, 21, (4), 565-569.
[14] Khalil A., Shaikh N.S, Nudrat R.Z, Khalid M. (2013): Effect of micro-sized marble sludge on physical properties of natural rubber composites Chem Indust Chem Eng Quart 19: 281-293.
[15] Kim. M., Kim. D., Chowdhury. S. R., & Kim G. (2003): Melt-Compounded Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposites with Improved Mechanical Properties and Abrasion Resistance, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 102, (3), 2062-2066.
[16] Ku H, Wang H, Pattarachaiyakoop N, Trada N (2002): A review on the tensile properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites. Comp Part B 42: 856-873.
[17] Lopattananon N., Panawarangkul K., Sahakaro K., & Ellis B. (2006): Performance of Pineapple Leaf Fibre-Natural Rubber Composites: The Effect of Fibre Surface Treatments. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 102, 1974-1984.
[18] Lovely M., Joseph K.U, and Joseph R., (2006): Swelling Behavior of Isora/Natural Rubber Composites in Oils used in Automobiles, bull. Mater. Sci., 29(1), 91-99.
[19] Martins M.A, Ines J (2003): Tire rubber–sisal composites: Effect of mercerization and acetylation on reinforcement. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 89: 2507-2515.
[20] Mondragog M, Hernandez E.M, Rivera-Armenta J.L, Rodriguez- Gonzalez F.J (2009): Injection molded thermoplastic starch/natural rubber/clay nanocomposites: morphology and mechanical properties. Carbohydrate Polymers 77: 80-86.
[21] Ojinmah, N., Uchechukwu, T.O., Ezeh, O.and Ogbobe, O. (2017): Studies on the Effect of Rice Husk Semi-Nano Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber Composite, European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, 4(3): 164-171.
[22] Okiemen, F.E and Imanah, J.E. (2005): Physico-Mechanical and Equilibrium Swelling Properties of Natural Rubber Filled with Rubber Seed Shell Carbon. Journal Polymer Material 22 (4): 409.
[23] Okieimen F. E. & Imanah J. E. (2003): The characterization of agricultural waste product as filler in NR formulations. Nigeria journal of polymer science and technology; 3. (1), 178-240
[24] Oluwole O.I, Avwerosuoghene O.M, Oluwatobi A.J (2015): The Effect of Natural Rubber On The Flexural Properties Of Coconut Coir (Cocos Nucifera) Reinforced Red Sand Composites. Acta Technica Corviniensis- Bull Eng 8: 87-92.
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[27] Tenebe, O.G., Ayo M.D, Igbonazobi L.C and Abiodun O.A (2013): study on the mechanical properties of NR filler with coconut shell and palm fruit fibre filler, Journal of advanced & applied sciences (JAA), Vol. 1, No. 1, Pp 1–10.
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Amoke A., Tenebe O.G, Ichetaonye, S.I, Edegbe, O.C, Ayo M.D, “Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Vulcanizates Filled with Hybrid Fillers (Carbon Black/Palm Kernel Shell and Palm Kernel Shell/Sandbox Seed Shell)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.21-26 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/21-26.pdf

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Impact of Liquidity Management on Return on Equity of Selected Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria (2004 -2017)

Dr. Abolade Francis AKINTOLA, Dr. Samuel Adebayo OLAOYE, Dr. Pius Okafor ONICHABOR January 2021 Page No.: 27-33

The study investigated liquidity management and return on equity of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria from 2004 to 2017. Data obtained for the study were obtained from secondary source while eleven (11) deposit money banks were selected for the study. Data gathered were analyzed using ordinary least square (OLS) to examine the magnitude and significance of the relationship and the research variables. Result of the regression analysis shows that both current ratio (CU) and operating cashflow (OCR) have positive effect on return on equity of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. While both debt ratio (DBR) and loan deposit ratio (LDR) have negative effect. It can therefore be concluded that liquidity management has insignificant effect on return of equity of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends stringent penalty for any bank who fails to meet minimum liquidity ratio sets by the regulatory authorities.

  •  Page(s): 27-33
  •  Date of Publication: 03 February 2021
  •  Dr. Abolade Francis AKINTOLA
    Department of Finance, Babcock University, Ilishan – Remo Ogun state, Nigeria
  •  Dr. Samuel Adebayo OLAOYE
    Department of Accounting, Babcock University, Ilishan – Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
  •  Dr. Pius Okafor ONICHABOR
    Department of Accounting & Finance, Mountain Top University, Ibafo,Ogun State , Nigeria.

References

 

[1] Abdullah, N.M. & Jahan, N. (2014). The impact of liquidity on profitability in banking of Bangladesh: A case of Chittagong stock exchange. International Journal of Economic and Business Review, 2(10), 10-22.
[2] Almazari, A.A. (2014). Impact of internal factors on bank profitability: comparative study between Saudi Arabia and Jordan. Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, 4(1), 125-140.
[3] Amengor, E.C. (2010). Importance of liquidity and capital adequacy to commercial banks. A Paper Presented at Induction Ceremony of ACCE, UCC Campus.
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[8] Moein, A.M., Nayebzadeh, S. & Pour, M.A. (2013). The relationship between modern liquidity indices and stock return in companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. International Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 5(4), 352-360.
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[17] Olowe, R,A (2017) Financial Management Concepts, Financial System and Business Finance. Fourth edition, Ibadan University Press, Ibadan, Nigeria.
[18] Oluitan, J. (2004). Managing liquidity and profitability in banking. The Nigerian Banker July-December, 8-13.
[19] Wirnkar, A.D. (2010). The dichotomy and distant gap between profitability and availability of cash in the Nigerian banking industry: The global financial meltdown challenge. Conference Paper on Managing the Challenges of Global Financial Crisis in Developing Economics. Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Vol. 1, 76-86.

Dr. Abolade Francis AKINTOLA, Dr. Samuel Adebayo OLAOYE, Dr. Pius Okafor ONICHABOR “Impact of Liquidity Management on Return on Equity of Selected Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria (2004 -2017)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.27-33 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/27-33.pdf

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Effect of Classroom Management Practices and Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Enugu State.

Ezemba E. U., Stanley U. Nnorom, Anyaeji Adaora vivian, Aloysius O. Ezeanolue October 2020 Page No.: 34-39

The major objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of classroom management practices and students’ academic performance in public secondary school in Enugu state. This study is anchored on the theory of management and human relations theory was considered appropriate for this research. The study employed a survey design. The population is 2,232 comprising 67 teachers and 2,165 students of selected public secondary schools in Enugu State. The Simple random technique was used to select 20 teachers and 433 Senior Secondary school class 2 students due to the fact that they have obliged in school than other students. The researchers used stratified random proportionate sampling technique to select 30% of the teachers and 20% of from the students in the selected public secondary schools in Enugu state. The instrument for collection of data was a self-constructed rating scale titled “Effect of Classroom Practices and Students Academic Performance Scale (ECPSAPS)”. The instrument had 20 items using four point Scale of Strongly Agreed (SA), Agree (A), Disagree (D), and Strongly Disagree (SD) weighed 4, 3, 2, and 1 point respectively. The instrument faces validity while the reliability was established using Cronbach Alfa statistics with index of 0.84, showing that the instrument is reliable. Based on the recommendations of the study, there should be a proper check and balance about learning performance of students. It was recommended that teachers should be introduced to seminars, workshops, and conferences on classroom management for efficiency.

  •  Page(s): 34-39
  •  Date of Publication: 05 February 2021
  •  Ezemba E. U.
    Educational management and policy, Enugu State, Nigeria
  •  Stanley U. Nnorom
    Educational management and policy, Enugu State, Nigeria
  •  Anyaeji Adaora vivian
    Educational management and policy, Enugu State, Nigeria
  •  Aloysius O. Ezeanolue
    Educational foundation, Enugu State, Nigeria

References

 

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Ezemba E. U., Stanley U. Nnorom, Anyaeji Adaora Vivian, Aloysius O. Ezeanolue “Effect of Classroom Management Practices and Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Enugu State.” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 October 2020, pp.34-39 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/34-39.pdf

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Estimation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

M. A. Barde, M. S. Mohammed, M. Oyekunle, I. S. Usman and A. Shaahu October 2020 Page No.: 40-47

A study was conducted on eight rice varieties, planted and crossed using incomplete diallel mating design and 28 hybrids were generated which were evaluated along with the eight parents and two checks at Edozhigi duing the 2017/2018 dry season. Data were collected were subjected to diallel analysis of variance (ANOVA) for both parents and hybrids using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) soft ware package (2002).The ANOVA showed highly significance (P<0.01) difference among the genotypes for all the traits. Results from grain yield of parents ranged from 2830kg/ha for FARO 60 to 8210 kg/ha for FARO 57. Grain yield of the F1 hybrids ranged from 2550 kg/ha for FARO 44 x FARO 61 to 7045 kg/ha for Suakoko- 8 x Ck-21. High estimates of PCV and GCV were recorded for all traits except panicle length and 1000 grain weight. The highest estimates of PCV and GCV were for panicle exertion (pcv =106.5, gcv =101.8), followed by second iron toxicity scores (pcv =74.0, gcv =70.7), first iron toxicity scores (pcv =72.1, gcv =65.6), grain yield (pcv =67.2, gcv =66.8) and moderate estimates were for panicle length (pcv =18.7, gcv =18.2), and 1000 grain weight (pcv =18.4, gcv =17.9). Slight differences between PCV and GCV were observed which indicated evidence that the variability existing in the genotypes was mainly due to their genetic makeup. High heritability in broad sense was estimated for all traits with the highest estimate recorded for grain yield (98.7) followed by plant height (96.0), number of seeds per panicle (95.7), 1000 grain weight (95.3)and least was first iron toxicity scores (82.7). High genetic advance was noticed for number of seeds per panicle (158.34) followed by grain yield (124.23), plant height (82.87), days to 50% flowering (337.76), number tillers (22.86),and number of effective tillers (26.05) whereas, low genetic advance was observed for1000 grain weight (10.20) followed by panicle length (8.74), second iron toxicity scores (6.12), panicle exertion (4.21),first iron toxicity scores (3.81) and number of leaves (2.77) which indicated that these traits are likely to respond better to selection.

  •  Page(s): 40-47
  •  Date of Publication: 05 February 2021
  •  M. A. Barde
    National Agricultural Seeds Council, Abuja, Nigeria

    • Plant Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

  •  M. S. Mohammed
    Plant Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  •  M. Oyekunle
    Plant Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  •  I. S. Usman
    Plant Science Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  •  A. Shaahu
    National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Niger State, Nigeria

References

 


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M. A. Barde, M. S. Mohammed, M. Oyekunle, I. S. Usman and A. Shaahu “Estimation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 October 2020, pp.40-47 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/40-47.pdf

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The Design and Assessment of a Church Records and Information Management System

Cris Norman P. Olipas, Romabelle Cheline M. Sawit, Rubelyn M. Esperon January 2021 Page No.: 48-52

Information Technology (IT) has provided an opportunity to improve the quality of processes performed in society’s different areas. Parishes are essential components of a society in which spiritual development is exercised. Aside from being an avenue for parishioners to express and appreciate their religion, parishes also handle essential files and records that need to be properly managed. Problems were encountered using the manual process of data management; thus this study aimed at designing and assessing a Web-Based Church Records and Information Management System (CRIMS) for a Parish to provide a basis for adopting an IT solution to aid in the management of data, and produce essential information relevant for the management of the parish. The research’s descriptive-developmental design was utilized in this study, involving thirty respondents to assess the system developed for the parish. The system was assessed based on the following criteria: Content, Functionality, Reliability, Understandability, and Security. Results revealed a very satisfactory rating from the respondents, indicating that the CRIMS can be a basis for developing a system for a parish.

  •  Page(s): 48-52
  •  Date of Publication: 07 February 2021
  •  Cris Norman P. Olipas
    College of Information and Communications Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Cabanatuan City, Philippines
  •  Romabelle Cheline M. Sawit
    Our Lady of the Sacred Heart College of Guimba, Inc., Guimba, Philippine
  •  Rubelyn M. Esperon
    Our Lady of the Sacred Heart College of Guimba, Inc., Guimba, Philippine

References

 

[1] Deitel, H. and Deital, B. (1986). An Introduction to Information Processing. ISBN 978-0-12-209005-9. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10/1016/C2013-0-07309-4.
[2] Kamalov, V. (2016). Undersea Fiber Communications Systems. ISBN 978-0-12-804269-4. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2015-0-00778-X.
[3] Brey, P. and Soraker, JH. (2009). Philosophy of Computing and Information Technology. ISBN 978-0-444-51667-1. North Holland.
[4] Sutton, B. (2013). The Effects of Technology in Society and Education. Education and Human Development Master’s Thesis.192. https://digitalcommon.brockport.edu/ehd_theses/192
[5] Legg, T., and Johnson, J. (2020). Negative Effects of Technology. Medical News Today. Available at https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/negative-effects-of-technology
[6] Kurniawan, Y. and Cassandra, C. (2014). Development of church information system (A Case Study Approach). International Journal of Software Engineering and Its Applications. Vol. 8. 10.14257/ijseia.2014.8.12.19
[7] Shaibu, M. (2018). Online Church Information System. Research Gate. Available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323018933
[8] Bridle, JS. (1989). Probabilistic Interpretation of Feedforward Classification Network Outputs, with Relationships to Statistical Pattern Recognition. Neurocomputing—Algorithms, Architectures and Applications, F. Fogelman-Soulie and J. Herault, eds., NATO ASI Series F68, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 227-236, 1989. (Book style with paper title and editor)
[9] Olipas, CNP. (2019). The Development and Assessment of An Online Student Affairs System with Short Message Service. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research. Vol. 8. Issue 12. December 2019. ISSN 2277-8616
[10] Olipas, CNP., and Esperon, R. (2020). The Design and Development of a Cashless Payment System with An Automatic Identification and Data Collection (AIDC) Technology. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research. Vol. 9. Issue 03. March 2020. ISSN 2277-8616
[11] Crossman, A. (2020). Understanding Purposive Sampling. ThoughtCo. Available at https://www.thoughtco.com/purposive-sampling-3026727
[12] Olipas, CNP., and Villanueva, EM. (2019). Dug-Uhay: A Blood Donor Finder Application. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1, December 2019, pp.757-762, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29678.pdf
[13] Olipas, CNP. And Urmatan, D. (2019). iRubwat: A Disaster Preparedness Application. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology. Vol. 4. Issue 7. ISSN 2455-2143, Pages 29-34.

Cris Norman P. Olipas, Romabelle Cheline M. Sawit, Rubelyn M. Esperon, “The Design and Assessment of a Church Records and Information Management System” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.48-52 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/48-52.pdf

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Effects of Anacardium Occidentale Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity on Rats

Ezeokafor Emmanuel Nonso, Azubike A Nwankwo, Charles Chijioke Dike, Kenneth Chiedozie Oparaji, Ndubuisi Nonso Richard January 2021 Page No.: 53-59

This work aimed at investigating the effects of Anacardium occidentale ethanolic-leaf extract on rats induced hepatotoxicity by carbon tetrachloride. Forty male-Albino Wister rats were grouped into eight groups; group A (Positive control-those that received water and feed only), group B (Negative control- carbon tetrachloride only for 7 d), group C (Rats that were given carbon tetrachloride for 7 d + 150 mg/kgbw of the extract for 28 d, group D ( Rats that received carbon tetrachloride only for 7 d + 300 mg/kgbw of the extract for 28 d and group E ( Rats that received carbon tetrachloride for 7 d + 600 mg/kgbw of the extract for 28 d. Activities of hepatic enzymes ( Serum aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, alkaline phosphatase), and the level of bilirubin were determined using an Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometer ( Model 752G, LabTech, China). Serum enzyme activities and bilirubin levels decreased significantly (P<0.05) in rats in groups C, D, and E when compared with those of rats in the negative control group. The liver weights of rats in groups C, D, and E increased significantly (P<0.05) against negative control. Anacardium occidentale ethanolic-leaf extract therefore, had hepatocurative effects on rats induced hepatotoxicity by CCl4 and this is dependent on dose. The extract was therefore found to have curative effects on the rats induced hepatotoxicity.

  •  Page(s): 53-59
  •  Date of Publication: 07 Febraury 2021
  •  Ezeokafor Emmanuel Nonso
    Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria. PMB 5001
  •  Azubike A Nwankwo
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria. PMB 5001
  •  Charles Chijioke Dike
    Department of Human Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria. PMB 5001.
  •  Kenneth Chiedozie Oparaji
    Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebony State, Nigeria. PMB 1010
  •  Ndubuisi Nonso Richard
    Department of Physiology, Ben Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria.

References

 

[1] Dike, CC., Ezeonu, FC., Maduka, HCC., Ezeokafor, E N., Oguazu, CE., (2018). Hepatotherapeutic potentials of Sida corymbosa (Wire weed) ethanolic leaf extract on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatotoxicity in male Albino rats. Eur J Pharm Med Res; 5 (6):146-155.
[2] Dike, CC., Ezeonu, FC., Maduka, HCC., Ezeokafor, EN., Oguazu, CE., (2018). Hepatoprotective potentials of Sida corymbosa (Broom weed) ethanolic leaf extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatotoxicity in male Albino Wistar rats. Int J Pharmacogn and Phytochem: 2166-2177.
[3] Dike, CC., Ezeonu, FC., Maduka, HCC., Ezeokafor, EN., (2018). Phytochemical and elemental analysis of Sida corymbosa (Broom weed or Wire weed) leaf and root extract. J Chem Sci:1-9.
[4] Okonkwo, OJO., Maduka, HCC., Dike, CC., Maduka, SO., Oguaka, VC., Iketuonye, M., (2018). The effect of Dacroydes edulis (African Pear) pulp oil extract on serum lipid parameters in male Albino Wistar rats. J Appl Life Sci Int:1-8.
[5] Maduka, HCC., Maduka, AA., Aguoru, CU., Myke-Mbata, A., Ikwue, JO., Okpogba, AN., Ugwu, CE., Dike, CC., Ogueche PN., Ochalefu, DO., Nath, U., Yakubu, J., Shatu, E., (2017a). Phytochemical screening, spectrophotometric determination of total carotenoids, chlorophyll a and b components of Crateva adansonii (Three-leaf Plant). J Adv Med Pharm Sci; 15(2):1-6.
[6] Dike, CC., Ezeonu, FC., Maduka, HCC., Ezeokafor, EN., Okpogba, AN., Oguazu, CE., Eyeghre, OA., Asebioyo, SJ., (2020). The effects of Sida corymbosa leaf extract against abnormal bilirubin and total protein in albino rats by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants ; 6(2):39-46.
[7] Maduka, HCC., Ugwu, CE., Okpogba, AN., Ogueche, PN., Dike, CC., Okonkwo, CO., Ihem-Avoaja, CC., (2018). Phytochemical studies, antioxidant properties, and development of dye indicator from Aspilia Africana leaves. J Appl Life Sci Int; 18(3): 1-7.
[8] Maduka, HCC., Daja, A., Gadaka, GA., Ugwu, CE.,, Dike CC., Abubaka, KA., Maduka, AA., (2014). Protective role of Moringa oleifera Lam aqueous leaf extract on some excretory products and haematological parameters in acetaminophen-induced Albino rats. Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences; 3(2): 27-31.
[9] Adewale, BD., Ibiremo, OS., Odoh, NC., Adwyemi, EA., (2013). Genetic estimation and trend analysis of some growth parameters of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L ) as influenced by nine nutrient combinations. J Agric Biotechnol Sus Dev; 5: 6-11.
[10] Sundarganapath, R., Niraimathi, V., Ananda, T., Jambulingm , M., Narasimhan, B., Aakash, D., (2013). Phytochemical studies and pharmacological screening of Sida rhombifalia Linn. Hygeia. Journal of Dental Medicine; 5 (1): 19-22.
[11] Adewale, OB., Adekeye, AO., Akintayo, CO., Onikanni, A., Sabiu, S., (2014). Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic damage in experimental Sprague Dawley rats: Antioxidant potential of Xylopia aethiopica” J Phytopharmacol ; 3(2): 118-23.
[12] Enegide, C., David, A., Fidelis, SA., (2013). A new method for determining acute toxicity in animal models. Toxicol Int; 20 (3): 224-6.
[13] Reitman ,S, Frankel S., (1957). Alanine aminotransferase manual. Amer J Clin Path; 28: 6.
World Health Organization. (2004). Recommendations for the preparation, characterization, and establishment of international and other biological reference standards. WHO Experimental Committee on biological standardization [ Serial on the Internet]. Aug[Cited 2004 Aug 16];55:932. [109 p.] Available from: http://www.who.int/biologicals
[14] Paola, V., Filomena, M., Giovanna, M., Daniela, CA., Maria TR., Antonietta R., Vinvenzo, F., Nicola, C., Giuseppe, D. , (2012). Coffee reduces liver damage in a rat model of steatohepatitis: The underlying mechanisms and the role of polyphenols and melanodins. Hepatol; 52(5): 1652 – 61. 95:139-42.[1]6.
[15] Suurbaar, J., Donkor, AM., Donkor, M., Saeed, M., Alimatu-Sadia, Samuel DF., (2018). Effect of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale (cashew) stembark on some biochemical parameters of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats,’’. Inter J Pharm Sci Res; 9(9): 3689-95.
[16] Konan NA, Bacchi EM. ‘‘Antiulcerogenic effect and acute toxicity of a hydroethanolic extract from the cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 112:237-42.

Ezeokafor Emmanuel Nonso, Azubike A Nwankwo, Charles Chijioke Dike, Kenneth Chiedozie Oparaji, Ndubuisi Nonso Richard “Effects of Anacardium Occidentale Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity on Rats” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.53-59 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/53-59.pdf

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Blood Glucose Response of the African Cat Fish (Clarias gariepinus) to Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) Incorporated Diet

Alagoa, K.J and Osakwe, J January 2021 Page No.: 60-63

The effect of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) compounded diet on the blood glucose level of Clarias gariepinus was investigated. This was done to gauge the possible effect of using bitter leaf in compounded feed in ponds to regulate blood glucose levels in cultured fish. Fish were exposed to 5mg, 10mg and 15mg grounded bitter leaf mixed in 50mg fish feed. The control tank had no bitter leaf in the feed. Each treatment level and control was presented in triplicates. Blood was collected by cardiac puncture two (2) hours after exposure to the bitter leaf feed using a 21’ gauge needles and syringes. Blood samples were tested immediately using a Fine Test® blood tester machine. Result indicates that all exposure concentrations had higher blood glucose levels than the control population. There were however no significant difference (P>0.05; P=0.055, P=0.989) between the control and treatment groups of 5mg and 10mg bitter leaf meal but there is a significant difference (P<0.05; P=0.044) between control and 15mg bitter leaf meal. Therefore it can be concluded that bitter leaf causes elevation of blood sugar and therefore should be used with restraint as it can cause hyperglycemic health complications in fish and perhaps in humans. The assertion that bitter leaf controls hyperglycemia in diabetics in humans may be false and misleading.

  •  Page(s): 60-63
  •  Date of Publication: 07 February 2021
  •  Alagoa, K.J
    Department of Biological Sciences, Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
  •  Osakwe, J
    Department of Biological Sciences, Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

References

 

[1] Echem O. G. and. Kabari L. G (2013) Heavy Metal Content in Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) Grown Along Heavy Traffic Routes in Port Harcourt. Intech Open Access books. Agricultural Chemistry Published: February 20th 2013 DOI: 10.5772/55604
[2] James P.Udoh, Augustina U. Emah, Idara E. George, Aniedi E. PhilipGrowth performance and haematological response ofClarias gariepinusbroodstock fed diets enriched with bitter leaf meal. AACL Bioflux, 2017, Volume 10, Issue 5.http://www.bioflux.com.ro/aacl.
[3] Koeslag J.H., Saunders P.T, Terblanche E (2003) A Reappraisal of the Blood Glucose Homeostat which Comprehensively Explains the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus–Syndrome X Complex. The Journal of Physiology. Vol. 549:2
[4] Liu Z, Li W, Li X , Zhang M, Li C, Zheng Y (2013) Antidiabetic effects of malonyl ginsenosides from Panax ginseng on type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin. J Ethnopharmacol 145:233-40.
[5] Nascimento G G. F., Locatelli J, Freitas P. C., Silva G. L (2000) Antibacterial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals on antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Braz. J. Microbiol. vol.31 no.4 São Paulo Oct./Dec. 2000.
[6] Sobukola O. P., Dairo O.U., Sanni L.O, Odunewu A. V., Fafiolu B.O. (2006). Thin layer drying process of some leafy vegetables under open sun. Food Sci. Technol. Int. 13(1):35-40
[7] Syed N, Kaur G, Mohammad MA, Syed S, Hamid H, Mohammad A (2012). New flavones with antidiabetic activity from Callistemon lanceolatus DC. Fitoterapia; 83:1623-7.
[8] Tosur M, Viau-Colindres J , Astudillo M, Redondo M. J, Lyons, S. K (2020) Medication-induced hyperglycemia: pediatric perspective BMJ Open Diab Res Care 2020;8:e000801 doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-00080.
[9] World Health Organisation Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus. Second Report. Technical Report Series No. 646. Geneva: WHO. 1980.

Alagoa, K.J and Osakwe, J “Blood Glucose Response of the African Cat Fish (Clarias gariepinus) to Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) Incorporated Diet ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.60-63 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/60-63.pdf

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Comparison of Ring Spun Yarn Properties Made from Cotton and Regenerated Fibers and their Blends

Hemonta Kumar Sarkar, Anupam Deb Nath January 2021 Page No.: 64-72

Yarn properties can be altered through blending fibers. According to the requirement different properties can be achieved by different blending. [1] Among the different blends cotton & white viscose, cotton & tencel, cotton & micro modal, cotton & modal are common. Cotton & white viscose and cotton & tencel has been a popular blends now a days and depicts excellent properties than the individual yarn properties.50:50 ratio of above blending and 100% (cotton, white viscose, tencel, modal, micro modal) have been tested to observe the yarn properties. In our project we calculated the value of CVm%, U%, neps, thick place, thin place, IPI, elongation and tenacity of each yarn. From these values we determined maximum and minimum value of each parameter of 100% fibers yarn and 50:50 ratio blend yarns individually. So we can easily find out which yarn is better for 100% yarn and 50:50 ratio blend yarn through this parameter Their blends with specific ratios exhibit excellent properties which hence ultimately contribute to the fabric properties. Their blends with specific ratios exhibit excellent properties which hence ultimately contribute to the fabric properties.

  •  Page(s): 64-72
  •  Date of Publication: 10 February 2021
  •  Hemonta Kumar Sarkar
    Research & Development,Akij Textile Mills Ltd., Manikgonj, Bangladesh
  •  Anupam Deb Nath
    Department of Yarn Engineering Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka, Bangladesh

References

 

[1] M. A.Ghosh 1, “Effect of Fibre Blend Ratios on Yarn Properties,” International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology, pp. 243-246, 2015.
[2] D. H. A. B. M. R. I. (. &. M. S. A. Dr. Abu Bakr Siddique, Introduction to Textile Engineering, Dhaka: Dr. Abu Bakr Siddique, 2013.
[3] M. R. &. S. V, “MODAL–COTTON FIBRE BLEND RATIO AND RING FRAME PARAMETER OPTIMISATION THROUGH,” AUTEX Research Journal,, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 86-96, 2019.
[4] “Pinterest,”[Online].Available:https://www.pinterest.com/nessia99/cotton/.
[5] “Textile Learner,” [Online]. Available: https://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2015/10/effect-of-fiber-properties-on-yarn.html.
[6] Mohamed Taher, H., Bechir, A., Mohamed, B. H., & Faouzi, S. (2009). Influence of spinning parameters and recovered fibers from cotton waste on the uniformity and hairiness of rotor spun yarn. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 4(3), 155892500900400304.
[7] Mangialardi Jr, G. J., Lalor, W. F., Bassett, D. M., & Miravalle, R. J. (1987). Influence of growth period on neps in cotton. Textile Research Journal, 57(7), 421-427.
[8] Penava, Ž., & Orešković, V. (1997). Analysis of the Coincidence between Thin Places and Breaking Points in a Yarn. Journal of the Textile Institute, 88(1), 21-32.
[9] Hertel, K. L., & Craven, C. J. (1956). Cotton fiber bundle elongation and tenacity as related to some fiber and yarn properties. Textile Research Journal, 26(6), 479-484.
[10] Wu, W. Y., & Lee, J. Y. (1995). Effects of Spread Width on the Structure, Properties,. and Production of a Composite Yarn. Textile research journal, 65(4), 225-229.
[11] Stanković, S. B., Popović, D., & Poparić, G. B. (2008). Thermal properties of textile fabrics made of natural and regenerated cellulose fibers. Polymer Testing, 27(1), 41-48.

Hemonta Kumar Sarkar, Anupam Deb Nath “Comparison of Ring Spun Yarn Properties Made from Cotton and Regenerated Fibers and their Blends” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.64-72 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/64-72.pdf

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Application of Alternate Direction Implicit Technique to an Unsteady MHD Flow over a Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate with Viscous Dissipation

A. Kaushik January 2021 Page No.: 73-78

An unsteady MHD flow of a viscous incompressible fluid over a semi-infinite plate with variable surface temperature in the presence of heat source is studied. The governing equations of the flow are converted into dimensionless form and the resulting non-linear differential equations are solved numerically using Alternating –Direction-Implicit (ADI) Technique. Flow parameters are obtained and are presented graphically. It was observed that the fluid velocity decreases with increase in magnetic field.

  •  Page(s): 73-78
  •  Date of Publication: 10 Febraury 2021
  •  A. Kaushik
    Department of Mathematics, MAIT, Delhi, India

References

 

[1] Pohlhausen, E., Der Warmeaustausch zwischen festen korpern und Flussingkeiten mit kleiner Reibung und ̈kleiner Warmeleitung, ̈ Z. Angew. Math. Mech., 1921, vol. 1, pp. 115–121.
[2] Takhar, H.S., Ganesan, P., Ekambavannan, K., and Soundalgekar, V.M., Transient Free Convection Flow past a Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate with Variable Surface Temperature, Int. J. Num. Meth. Heat Fluid Flow, 1997, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 280–296.
[3] Ganesan, P. and Palani, G., Transient Free Convection Flow of a Viscous Dissipative Fluid past a Semi-Infinite Inclined Plate, Int. J. Appl. Mech. Eng., 2003, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 395–402.
[4] Palani, G., Viscous Dissipative Fluid past a Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate with Variable Surface Temperature, Int. J. Num. Meth. Fluids, 2007, vol. 55, pp. 1157–1169.
[5] Ching-Yang Cheng and Chi-Chang Wang (2000). Forced convection in micropolar fluid flow over a wavy surface. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 37(3),
[6] Wang, C.C and Chen, C.K. (2002). Forced convection in a wavy-wall channel. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 45(12), 2587-2595.
[7] Chi-Chang Wang and Cha’o-Kuang Chen(2005). Mixed convection boundary layer flow on inclined wavy plates including the magnetic field effect. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 44(6), 577-586.
[8] Hélio Aparecido Navarro Luben Cabezas-Gómez ,Renato Césarda Silva and Arlindo NetoMontagnoli (2007). A generalized alternating-direction implicit scheme for incompressible magnetohydrodynamic viscous flows at low magnetic Reynolds number. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 189(2), 1601-1613
[9] A.K.Abdul Hakeem, S.Saravanan and P.Kandaswamy (2011). Natural convection in a square cavity due to thermally active plates for different boundary conditions. Computers & Mathematics with Applications 62 (1), 491-496
[10] Mehrzad Mirzaei Nejad, K. Javaherdeh and M. Moslemi(2015). MHD mixed convection flow of power law non-Newtonian fluids over an isothermal vertical wavy plate. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 389, 66-72.
[11] Mehdi Kiyasatfar and Nader Pourmahmoud (2016). Laminar MHD flow and heat transfer of power-law fluids in square microchannels. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 99, 26-35
[12] Sreeparna Majee and G.C.Shit (2017). Numerical investigation of MHD flow of blood and heat transfer in a stenosed arterial segment. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 424, 137-147
[13] Zeting Liu, Fawang Liu and Fanhai Zeng(2019). An alternating direction implicit spectral method for solving two dimensional multi-term time fractional mixed diffusion and diffusion-wave equations. Applied Numerical Mathematics,136, 139-151
[14] Kaushik, A. Numerical Solutions for unsteady flow past a semi- infinite plate using Alternating –Direction-Implicit (ADI) Technique (2020). , International Journal of Scientific Research in Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, 7 (1)
[15] Palani, G., Srikanth, U. and Kwang-Yong Kim(2017)., Combined Effects of Viscous Dissipation and MHD on Free Convection Flow past a Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate with Variable Surface Temperature in the Presence of Heat Source, Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 26(1). 1, 113–124.

A. Kaushik “Application of Alternate Direction Implicit Technique to an Unsteady MHD Flow over a Semi-Infinite Vertical Plate with Viscous Dissipation” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.73-78 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/73-78.pdf

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Management By Objective As An Operative Instrument For Improving Administrative Efficiency

Rev. Fr. Dr. Augustine Owusu-Addo January 2021 Page No.: 79-89

This study investigated Management by Objectives (MBO) as an instrument for organizational performance of deposit money banks in Sunyani municipality in particular. The study revealed that the coefficients of Goal Settings (GS), Delegation of Authority (DA) and Motivation (M) were positively affecting the performance of deposit money banks in Sunyani municipality and they were rightly signed, implying that they were consistent with the theoretical priority expectation of this study. The coefficients of goal settings, delegation of authority and motivation were obtained as 0.048401, 0.222027 and 0.466888 respectively. This result implied that as involvement of employees in Goal Settings (GS), Delegation of Authority (DA) and Motivation (M) increase. by one unit Organizational Performance (OP) increase by 0.048401, 0.222027 and 0.466888 units respectively. The coefficients of DA and M were found to be statistically significant at five per cent and one per cent respectively as indicated by their probability values of 0.0137 and 0.0049 respectively, while the coefficient of GS was found statistically insignificant at five per cent significance level as indicated by its probability value of 0.5448. The F-statistics 12.598352, which measured the joint significance of the parameter estimates, was also found statistically significant at one per cent level as indicated by the corresponding probability value of 0.007402. however, this implies that all the variables of the model were jointly and statistically significant in affecting organizational performance in the deposit money banks in Sunyani municipality. Finally, this result revealed that Management by Objectives (MBO) was positively and significantly affecting the performance of deposit money banks in Sunyani municipality.

  •  Page(s): 79-89
  •  Date of Publication: 10 Febraury 2020
  •  Rev. Fr. Dr. Augustine Owusu-Addo
    Catholic University College of Ghana, Fiapre, P.O. Box 363, Sunyani

References

 

[1] Ademolekun, L. (2020) Public Administration: A management process and Comparative Perspective. London: Longman.
[2] Drucker, P. F. (2018) The Practice of Management. New York: Pan Books.
[3] Drucker, P. F. (1964) Management: Tasks, Responsibility, and Practice. London: William Heinemann Ltd.
[4] Drucker, P. F. (1979) People and Performance: The Best of Peter Drucker on Management. London: Heinemann.
[5] Eminue, O. (2005) Public Policy Analysis and Decision Making. Lagos: Concept Publishers.
[6] Eze, K. T. (2015) Development communication and management under development in Sunyani municipality: The need for a paradigm shift. Unpublished seminar paper.
[7] Koontz, H. & Weihrich, H. (2020) Management. Japan: McGraw-Hill International Books Company.
[8] Nwachukwu, C. C. (2009) Management: Theory and Practice. Onitsha: Africana first publishers.
[9] Obi, E. A; Nwachukwu, C. L. & Obiora, A. C. (2008) Public Policy Analysis and Decision Making. Onitsha: Bookpoint Educational Ltd.
[10] Obiajulu, S. O & Obi, E. A. (2016) Public Administration in Ghana : A Developmental Approach. Accra: Bookpoint Ltd.
[11] Ogunna, E. C. (1999) Public Administration in Ghana : Theory and Practice: Great Versatile Publishers Ltd.
[12] Okoye, J. C. (2017) Modern Management Techniques and Development Administration. Onitsha: Abbot books Ltd.
[13] Onah, R. C. (2005) Public Administration. Nsukka: Great Apex Publishers Ltd.
[14] Onyishi, A. (2018) Communication and Organizational Functionality. A lecture delivered to 3rd-year students of Public Administration and Local Government, University of Nigeria , Nsukka.

Rev. Fr. Dr. Augustine Owusu-Addo, “Management By Objective As An Operative Instrument For Improving Administrative Efficiency” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.79-89 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/79-89.pdf

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Co-Infection of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus HIV and Viral Hepatitis (B And Or C) Among People Living With HIV in Taraba State

Danjuma Kamlen Adda, Obed Tiwah John, Abdulhafiz Lamiya January 2021 Page No.: 90-95

Co-infection is a phenomenon in which a person acquires multiple infections concurrently. Co-infections of HIV with hepatitis B and or hepatitis C (HCV) virus (es) among others are major public health problems. In Nigeria, there is a limited knowledge on viral hepatitis amongst at-risk populations (PLHIV). Taraba state is ranked as the state with the highest rate of both hepatitis B and C infections. Thus, this study sought to seek for causes and effects of relationship from the three groups of viruses namely; Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and Human immunodeficiency virus as it affects human beings with specific objectives of determining the prevalence and co-infections of the viruses amongst people living with HIV (PLHIV) in federal medical center Jalingo (FMCJ). A cross sectional study was conducted among 237 PLHIV in FMCJ of which blood samples as well as demographic data were obtained after the mandatory pretest counselling with informed consent from the client. All samples were analyzed for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibodies using rapid diagnostic test kits. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 25 of which reliability and validity test were checked using Alpha Cronbach. Out of the subjects (PLHIV) sampled, 37 (15.6%) subjects had serum samples positive for HBsAg, whilst 38 (16%) subjects had samples positive for anti-HCV. Four subjects were positive for both HBV and HCV (1.7%). There was no statistical significant association between HBV and HCV Positive cases. The prevalence of the triple infection (HIV + HCV + HBV) was 4(1.7%) of which all occurred among female PLHIV. The prevalence of both HBV and HCV infection were high among female PLHIV than Male PLHIV that is 30(12.7%) against 7(3%) for HBV and 32(13.5%) against 6(2.5%) for HCV respectively. This study reported high prevalence of hepatotropic viruses (HBV and HCV) and coinfections among PLHIV in FMCJ. Findings from this study are of great public health concern due to the fatality rate associated with the triple infection. Thus, Screening for these viruses among HIV/AIDS patients is advocated and recommended as this will allow for early detection and proper management.

  •  Page(s): 90-95
  •  Date of Publication: 10 Febraury 2021
  •  Danjuma Kamlen Adda
    Center For Initiative and Development Taraba, Nigeria
  •  Obed Tiwah John
    Center For Initiative and Development Taraba, Nigeria

    • Department of Statistics and Operations Research, ModibboAdama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

  •  Abdulhafiz Lamiya
    Center For Initiative and Development Taraba, Nigeria

References

 

[1] International Encyclopedia of Public Health [IEPH], (2017). From: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128036785000102. Accessed July 2020.
[2] World Health Organization [WHO], (2020). Factsheet Hepatitis B. Available from: https://www.who.int/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b. accessed July, 2020
[3] UNAIDS (2017). Global HIV statistics fact sheets. http://www.unaids. org/sites/default/files/media_asset/UNAIDS_FactSheet_en.pdf
[4] Pappoe1, F., Hagan, C. K. O., Obiri-Yeboah, D. and Nsiah, P. (2019). Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in Ghanaian HIV positive cohort: a consideration for their health care. Infectious Diseases. 19:380 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4027-y
[5] WHO (2017). Global hepatitis report. Licence: Available from:www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids.Accessed July, 2020
[6] Zampino, R., Boemio, A., Sagnelli, C., Alessio, L., Adinolfi, L.E., et al. (2015). Hepatitis B virus burden in developing countries,World J. Gastroenterol. 21(42): 11941-11953.
[7] https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/library/factsheets/hiv-viral-hepatitis. Accessed July, 2020.
[8] Weitzel, T., Rodrı´guez, F., Noriega, L. M., Marcotti, A., Duran, L., Palavecino, C., et al. (2020). Hepatitis B and C virus infection among HIV patients within the public and private healthcare systems in Chile: A cross-sectional serosurvey, PLoS ONE15(1): e0227776. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227776
[9] WHO(2020). Factsheet Hepatitis B. Available from: https://www.who.int/newsroom/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b. accessed July, 2020
[10] Kourtis, A.P., Bulterys, M., Hu, D.J., Jamieson, D.J. (2012). HIV-HBV coinfection a global challenge,New Engl J Med. 366:1749–52.
[11] Ferreira-Junior, O.D.C.(2016). Prevalence estimates of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C among female sex workers (FSW) in Brazil, Medicine (Baltimore). 97(1S Suppl 1):S3–8
[12] Thio, C.L., Seaberg, E.C., Skolasky, R.(2002). Dangers of HIV/ hepatitis B infection. Lancet, 60: 1921 – 1926.
[13] Gomez-Gonzalo, M., Carretero, M., Rullas, J., Lara-Pezzi, E., Aramburu, J., et al. (2001). The hepatitis B virus X protein induces HIV-1 replication and transcription in synergy with T-cells activation signals,Biol. Chem.276:35435- 35443.
[14] Thio, C.L. (2004). Hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-infected persons. Current hepatitis report. 3:91- 97.
[15] Thio, C.L. (2009). Hepatitis B and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection. Hepatology, 49(5):S138-S145
[16] Center for initiative and development [CFID], (2020). From:www.cfidtaraba.org. Accessed July 2020.
[17] Farahani, M. (2017). Prevalence and distribution of non-AIDS causes of death among HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Int J STD AIDS, 28(7):636–50
[18] Chen, J.J,, Yu, C.B., Du, W.B., Li, L.J.(2011). Prevalence of hepatitis B and C in HIV-infected patients: a meta-analysis, Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International, 10(2): 122-7.
[19] Singh, K.P., Crane, M., Audsley, J., Avihingsanon, A., Sasadeusz, J., Lewin, S.R. (2017). HIV-hepatitis B virus coinfection: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment.2035–2052.
[20] WHO (2009).Hepatitis B Fact sheet. Available;http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis. 2009.
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Danjuma Kamlen Adda, Obed Tiwah John, Abdulhafiz Lamiya “Co-Infection of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus HIV and Viral Hepatitis (B And Or C) Among People Living With HIV in Taraba State” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.90-95 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/90-95.pdf

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Analysis Of Agricultural Policy On Catfish Value Chain In Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Obot Akaninyene, Osuafor Ogonna, Nwigwe Cecilia, Ositanwosu Chukwunonso January 2021 Page No.: 96-101

The study used Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) to analyze the effect of government policies on catfish value chain. The Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC) on tradable outputs and input, respectively, indicates implicit tax or subsidies on the commodity under study. The Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) combines the two NPC’s to assess the overall effect of implicit tax and subsidy through both output and input markets. An NPC < 1 indicates an implicit tax on production (subsidy in the case of an input), and an NPC > 1 indicates an implicit subsidy on production (tax in the case of an input). The result showed that Nominal protection coefficient on tradable outputs (NPCOs) were less than unity indicating that the catfish value chain industry in the study area was undervalued by ₦0.8/kg. This suggests that the catfish value chain industry was not protected by policy and that more particularly, it was subjected to substantial output taxation. Also, the Nominal protection coefficient on tradable inputs (NPCIs) were less than unity which showed that government support or subsidy maybe reducing tradable inputs cost for the catfish value chain industry by ₦0.8/kg. The Effective Protection Coefficients (EPCs) were equally less than unity in the study area and faced taxation of ₦0.8/kg on value added resulting from employing domestic factors of production. This indicated that value addition processes in the catfish value chain industry were not protected through policy intervention and that they faced a net tax of 0.92%.

  •  Page(s): 96-101
  •  Date of Publication: 16 Febraury 2021
  •  Obot Akaninyene
    Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
  •  Osuafor Ogonna
    Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
  •  Nwigwe Cecilia
    Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
  •  Ositanwosu Chukwunonso
    Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.

References

 

[1] Akwa Ibom State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (SEEDS), (2005).
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[4] Federal department of Fisheries report (FDF, 2018).
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[6] Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), (2000). Fish production projection in Nigeria for 2000 -2025.
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[11] Olusola, Ekundayo (2017): Fish value addition and value chain in Nigeria. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/fish-value-addition-chain-nigeria-ekundayo-olusola
[12] Ojo, E. O and Adebayo, P.F. (2012). Food Security in Nigeria: An overview. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 1, 199-222. –Open Access Library.
[13] Olaoye, O. J. and Ojebiyi, W. G. (2018). Marine Fisheries in Nigeria: A Review (Open access peer-reviewed chapter). DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.75032
[14] Onojeghuo, A.O., & Blackburn, A.G., (2011). Forest in an Ecologically Important Region: Patterns and Causes for Landscape Dynamics in the Niger Delta. Ecological Indicators, 11, 1437-1446. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.03.017.
[15] Otubusin, S.O., (2011). Inaugural lecture: Fish! Fish!! Fish!!!. Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, College of Environmental Resources Management, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, pp: 45-55.
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[18] World Trade Organization (WTO) (2017). Trade policy review report by the Secretariat, Nigeria (Pg 38).

Obot Akaninyene, Osuafor Ogonna, Nwigwe Cecilia, Ositanwosu Chukwunonso, “Analysis Of Agricultural Policy On Catfish Value Chain In Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.96-101 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/96-101.pdf

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Comparative Effect of Wet and Dry Heat Seed Treatment Methods on the Agronomic and Yield Characteristics of Corchorus olitorius Linn

Oyekale, K. O.; Adeoye, S. O.; Akinboye, O. E.; Oyekale, O. O. and Adeyeye, J. A January 2021 Page No.: 102-110

This paper provides an insight into some of the challenges faced by science teachers in Nigeria in ensuring quality science education for sustainable national development. The paper also suggests ways on how to confronting the identified challenges. Also, the concept of Science Education, quality education, and quality science education were examined. It was concluded that if science education was given adequate attention by the government, the national economic growth would be achieved. Recommendations were made among others that: academically and professionally qualified teachers should be recruited to teach science subjects in schools. Also, quality assurance should be put in place at all levels of education. Provision of adequate science laboratories and provision of found to finance science education etc. must be ensured.

  •  Page(s): 102-110
  •  Date of Publication: 17 Febraury 2021
  •  Oyekale, K. O.
    Department of Agriculture and Industrial Technology, School of Science and Technology Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
  •  Adeoye, S. O.
    Department of Agriculture and Industrial Technology, School of Science and Technology Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
  •  Akinboye, O. E.
    Department of Agriculture and Industrial Technology, School of Science and Technology Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
  •  Oyekale, O. O.
    Department of Agriculture and Industrial Technology, School of Science and Technology Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
  •  Adeyeye, J. A
    Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Basic Medical Science Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria

References

 

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[42] Velempini P, Riddoch I, Batisani N (2003) Seed treatments for enhancing germination of wild okra (Corchorus olitorius). Experimental Agric. 39: 441–447.
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Oyekale, K. O.; Adeoye, S. O.; Akinboye, O. E.; Oyekale, O. O. and Adeyeye, J. A, “Comparative Effect of Wet and Dry Heat Seed Treatment Methods on the Agronomic and Yield Characteristics of Corchorus olitorius Linn” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 10 January 2021, pp.102-110 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/102-110.pdf

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Effect of Cooperative Learning Strategy on Students’ Academic Achievement in Mathematics in Senior Secondary Schools in Mubi Educational Zone, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Dr. Marcel P. Agah and Ezekiel, Saratu Midankiya January 2021 Page No.: 111-116

The study investigated the effect of the cooperative learning approach on students’ academic achievement in Mathematics in senior Secondary Schools in Mubi Educational Zone, Adamawa State. The study adopted quasi – experimental design. The estimated Population for the study was 11,987 male and female students. Four schools were selected using simple random sampling without replacement techniques. The intact classes used constituted the Experimental group taught Mathematics by cooperative learning strategy (130), while the other two intact classes formed the control group taught Mathematics by Lecture method (132). The instrument for the study was Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) adopted and constructed by the researcher. The reliability index of 0.80 was obtained using Cronbach’s alpha statistics. Data was analyzed `using independent sample t-test statistics to test the hypotheses raised. The findings of this study revealed that there was significant difference in the mean scores of students taught Mathematics using Cooperative learning strategy and lecture method( t =10.04,df = 260, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the retention rate of students taught Mathematics using Cooperative learning strategy and lecture method( t = 1.51 , df = 260 N= 262, p> 0.05 ) .There was no significant gender difference in the students taught Mathematics using Cooperative learning strategy in the study area( t = – 65 , df = 128 , N = 130, p> 0.05 ). Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that Mathematics teachers should incorporate cooperative learning strategy with other instructional approaches in lesson delivery in order to improve students’ ability in the learning and understanding of Mathematics in senior secondary schools.

  •  Page(s): 111-116
  •  Date of Publication: 17 Febraury 2021
  •  Dr. Marcel P. Agah
    Department of Science Education, Adamawa State University, Mubi, Nigeria
  •  Saratu Midankiya
    Mubi North Local Education Authority, Mubi Adamawa State, Nigeria

References

 

[1] Adeyemi, B .A. (2008). Effects of cooperative learning and problem solving strategies on junior secondary school students’ achievement in social studies. Elect,Journal ResearchEducation Project, 16(3),69 –708.
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[3] Aronson, E. (2002). Building empathy, compassion and achievement in the Jigsaw classroom in improving academic achievement; Impact of Psychological Factors. New York: Academic Press.
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[5] Boaler, J. (2008). What’s Mathematics Got to Do with It? How Parents and Teachers Can Help students in the learning of mathematics?
[6] Carr, A. A., Jonassen, D. H., Litzinger, M. E. & Marra, R. M. (1998). Good ideas to foment educational revolution: the role of systemic change in advancing situated learning, constructivism, and feminist pedagogy. Educational Technology, 5-15.
[7] Fabunmi , M. (2004). The role of gender on secondary school student’ academic performance in Edo state, Nigeria .West African journal of Education,24(1): 90 – 93.
[8] Fayombo, P. O. (2014). Reshaping teaching and learning: The transformation of faculty pedagogical content knowledge’. In: Higher Education, 51(4):619-647.
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[16] Maclellan, E. and Soden, R. (2007). ‘The significance of knowledge in learning: a psychologically informed analysis of higher education students’ perceptions’. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning, 1(1):1-18.
[17] Mathews, M. R. (2000). Constructivism in science and mathematics education. In D.C. Phillips (ed.), National Society for the Study of Education, 99th Yearbook:161-192. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
[18] Olowe, T.T.( 2010). Effect of computer animation and instructional model on the performance of students in senior secondary school biology in Minna metropolis unpublished ph.D. Thesis, University of Ilorin.
[19] Nworgu, B. G. (1996, August 12 – 17). Teaching for ConceptualUnderstanding Physics: A Conceptual – Change InstructionalModel. A Lead Paper Presented at the 37th Annual Conference of STAN held at Uyo.
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Dr. Marcel P. Agah and Ezekiel, Saratu Midankiya “Effect of Cooperative Learning Strategy on Students’ Academic Achievement in Mathematics in Senior Secondary Schools in Mubi Educational Zone, Adamawa State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 10 January 2021, pp.111-116 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/111-116.pdf

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Factors Influencing Utilization of Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS Services Among Pregnant Women In Selected Government Health Facilities In Ukwuani L.G.A of Delta State.

Oliweh Ifeanyi Solomon, Dr. (Mrs.) Oyem Ifeanyi M. January 2021 Page No.: 117-123

This study was set out to assess the factors influencing the utilization of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS services among pregnant women in selected government health facilities in Ukwuani L.G.A of Delta State. In carrying out this study, the researcher received a number of related literatures in the topic. In line with the three objectives of the study, three questions were postulated. The study is significant to the pregnant women, health care providers (nurses/mid wives) to the society as well as the researcher. It exposed the level of knowledge of PMTCT, the extent of utilization and factors influencing the utilization of PMTCT of HIV/AIDS services. Descriptive non experimental design was adopted for the study, and a random sampling technique was used in selecting the health facilities while a convenient sampling was used in selecting the participants. A self developed questionnaire was administered to the respondents and same retrieved, analysis of data was done using frequency distribution table, percentage and charts. Results obtained revealed that pregnant women in Ukwuani L.G.A of Delta State had a good knowledge about PMTCT of HIV/AIDS services, but extent of utilization is very poor, due to stigmatization among other factors. Based on the findings, recommendations were made for PMTCT of HIV/AIDS should be a care part of antenatal education as well as organization of seminars and work on PMTCT of all level of health care for care providers and general population.

  •  Page(s): 117-123
  •  Date of Publication: 17 Febraury 2021
  •  Oliweh Ifeanyi Solomon
    Integrated Science Department. College of Education, Agbor Delta State, Nigeria.
  •  Dr. (Mrs.) Oyem Ifeanyi M.
    Integrated Science Department. College of Education, Agbor Delta State, Nigeria.

References

 

[1] Abajobir A.A, & Zeleke A.B,(2013) knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Factors associated with prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS among pregnant mother’s attending antenatal clinic in Hawassa Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia. J AIDS clinic Res4:214.
[2] Adeleke S.I, Mukinta M, Gwazor GD (2009). Awareness and knowledge of mother to child transmission of HIV among mother attending the pediatric HIV clinic, Kano, Nigeria. Annals of African Medicine; 8(4), 210-214.
[3] Angela U.E & Elias C.A (2016). Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV, knowledge, attitude, practice and determinant among pregnant women in Abia state, Nigeria International STD Research and research and Reviews; 4(2):1-4.
[4] Bajunirwe, F & Muzoona, M.(2015). Barriers to the implementation of programmes for the PMTCT of HIV: A cross-sectional survey in rural and urban Uganda. AIDS Research and Therapy:2:10
[5] CDC’s HIV Basics, (2017): https://www.HIV.gov/HIV/AIDS Basics/overview/about-hw-an-aids/what are-HIV-and aids.
[6] Coutsoudis, A, Pillay, K Kuhn, L, Spooner, E. Tsai, W. Y & Coovadia, H.M. (2011). Methods of breastfeeding and transmission of HIV-1 from mother to children by 15 months of age: Prospective cohort study from Durban, South Africa. AIDS: 15(30), 379-387.
[7] Deressa et al (2014). Utilization of PMTCT services and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Pregnancy and childbirth; 14:328.
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[9] Federal Government of Nigeria. National Guidelines for the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in Nigeria. Federal Ministry of health 2010.
[10] Federal Ministry of health (FMOH). National HIV sero-prevalence sentinels survey among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Nigeria. Federal ministry of health 2010.
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[20] Peltzer Karl, Jones Deborah, Weiss Stephen M, Shikwane Elisa. Promoting male involvement to improve PMTCT uptake and reduce antenatal HIV infection; a cluster randomized controlled trial protocol. BMC public Health. 2011 Oct 10;11(1):778.
[21] Perez, F. Orne-Gliemann, J. Mukotakwa, T. Miller, A, Glenshaw, M. Mahomva, A & Davis F,(2014). Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV: Evaluation of a pilot programme in a District Hospital in Rural Zimbabwe. BMJ: 329(7475), 1147-1150.
[22] Rocky R.J Akarro, De Onisia M, Sichona F.J (2011). An evaluation of male involvement in the programme for PMTCT of HIV/AIDS: A case study of Illala Municipality in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. ASSJ-20.
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[26] World health organization, PMTCT strategic vision: preventing mother to child transmission of HIV to reach the UNGASS and millennium development goals, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland 2010.
[27] World health Organization: PMTCT strategic vision 2010-2015: preventing mother to child.

Oliweh Ifeanyi Solomon, Dr. (Mrs.) Oyem Ifeanyi M. “Factors Influencing Utilization of Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS Services Among Pregnant Women In Selected Government Health Facilities In Ukwuani L.G.A of Delta State. ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 10 January 2021, pp.14-20 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/14-20.pdf

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Study on the Effect of Lead on Bacterial Flora of Soil Sample

Uchendu D.O., Ukoha P.U., Amaechi C.C., Anuna N.C., Ugwu M.N., And Eke, L,N. Janaury 2021 Page No.: 124-126

The effects of lead on bacteria flora of soil samples were studied. Soil samples collected from Agricultural Technology farm of Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic Unwana, were distributed into five buckets at 1kg each. The total bacteria load of the soil sample were determined before the introduction of different grams of lead, the result of initial bacteria load revealed 6.28 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g using serial dilution method. Different grams of lead were used to pollute the soil samples and allow to stay for three weeks. The microbial loads of the samples were determined weekly. The result revealed the first week of pollution with different grams of lead at 20g, 15g, 10g, 5g and control are 1.0 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 1.8 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 4.5 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 5.0 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g and control 5.21 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g and second week had 0.9 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 1.5 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 4.0 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g,4.3 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g and control 5.26 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g and the third week had 0.7 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 1.3 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 3.0 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g, 4.0 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g and control 6.23 ×〖10〗^5cfu/g respectively. The isolates were identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtils, Micrococus letus, Corynebacterium speices and Staphylococcus aureus through morphological characteristics and biochemical tests. The study showed that various bacteria genera were associated with lead polluted soil samples. The growth of bacteria observed showed delayed growth in polluted samples whereas growth was rapid in control sample. The bacteria counts were generally high in the control when compared to those of the polluted sample. This revealed that lead had depressing effect on the growth and activity of soil bacteria.

  •  Page(s): 124-126
  •  Date of Publication: 21 February 2021
  •  Uchendu D.O.
    Department Of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
  •  Ukoha P.U.
    Department Of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
  •  Amaechi C.C.
    Department Of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
  •  Anuna N.C.
    Department Of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
  •  Ugwu M.N.
    Department Of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
  •  Eke, L,N.
    Department Of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

References

 

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[4] Chen, Y.F. (2011). Review of the research on heavy metal contamination of China’s city soil and its treatment method. Population, Resources and Environment, China 21 (3): 536-539,
[5] Prescott LM and Harley JP. “Laboratory Exercise in Microbiology”. 5th edition, McGraw-Hill Companies, NewYork (2002).
[6] Daniel, R. The soil metagenomea rich resources for the discovery of novel natural product. Current opinion in Biotechnology, 15 (3), 199-204.
[7] Nakatsu, C.H., Carmosini, N., Baldwin, B., Beasley, F., Kourtev, P. and Konapka, A. (2005). Soil Microbial community Responses to Additions of Organic carbon substrates and heavy metals (Pb and Cr). 71 (12): 7679-7689.
[8] Joint, J., Bishoff, M., Turco, R., Konopha, A and Nakatsu, C.H. (2006). Microbial Community Analysis of soil contaminated with lead, chromium and Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Microbial Ecology, 51: 209-219.
[9] Fulladosa, E.; Murat, J. C.; Martínez, M.; Villaescusa, I.: Patterns of metals and arsenic poisoning in Vibrio fischeri. Chemosphere.2005, 60, 43-48.

Uchendu D.O., Ukoha P.U., Amaechi C.C., Anuna N.C., Ugwu M.N., And Eke, L,N. “Study on the Effect of Lead on Bacterial Flora of Soil Sample” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 Janaury 2021, pp.124-126 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/124-126.pdf

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Influence of Forest Resources Utilization on the Livelihoods of rural farmers in Etche Ethnic Nationality, Rivers State, Nigeria

Emiri, U.N & Nnodim, A.U Janaury 2021 Page No.: 127-133

The study investigated the influence of forest resources utilization on the livelihoods of rural farmers in Etche ethnic nationality of Rivers State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study consisted 786 registered farmers in Etche Ethnic nationality consisting of 584 and 202 registered farmers in Etche and Omuma Local Government areas respectively. Out of which 360 respondents; 270 and 90 from Etche and Omuma respectively were selected as the sample size, through random sampling techniques. Three research questions were answered while one hypothesis was formulated for the study. Data were collected through the administration of self-structured questionnaire which was validated and a reliability coefficient of 0.75 obtained and complimented with interview schedule for the illiterate farmers. Data obtained were analyzed descriptively using mean and standard deviation while regression analysis was used in testing the formulated hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. It was found from the study that majority of the respondents were female, young and energetic rural farmers who are engaged in collecting and harvesting forest products. Regression analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the socio economic characteristics of the respondents and utilization of forest resources. Result also showed that most of the forest resources were available for collection and utilization in the study area. The mean responses showed that most of the forest products were utilized in the form of fruits and vegetables, oil, fiber and animals (bush meat).Respondents opined that forest resources would improve their financial security and standard of living among others. Based on the findings, it was recommended that forest based activities should be prioritized by government and other stake holders to enhance the economic and social wellbeing of rural farmers.

  •  Page(s): 127-133
  •  Date of Publication: 21 February 2021
  •  Emiri, U.N
    Department of Agricultural Education, Isaac Jasper Boro College of Education, Sagbama Bayelsa State, Nigeria
  •  Nnodim, A.U
    Department of Vocational and Technology Education, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo,Port Harcourt, Nigeria

References

 

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[3] Agrawal A., Cashore B., Hardin R., Shepherd G., Benson C.,& Miller, D., (2013). Economic Contributions of Forests, Background, paper prepared for the united nations forum on forests. http://www.un.org/esa/forests/pdf/session_documents/unff10/EcoContrForests.(retrieved 15th August 2015).
[4] Areki, F. & A.B Cunningham, (2010). Fiji: Commerce, Carving and Customary Tenure. In: Laird, S.A., R.J. McLain and R.P. Wynberg (Eds). Wild Product Governance: Finding Policies that Work for Non-Timber Forest Products, London, Earth scan.
[5] Belcher, B., M. Ruiz-Perez & R. Achdiawan, (2005). Global Patterns and trends in the use and management of commercial NTFPs: Implications for livelihoods and conservation. World Development, Elsevier, 33(9) 1435-1452.
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[7] Chauhan, K.V.S.,Sharma A.K. & Kumar, R. (2008). Non-timber forest products Subsistence and Commercial uses: Trends and Future Demands. Int’l forestry. Review, 10(2); 201-216.
[8] Chilado, E &Wiersum K.K (2011).The Role of Non-Timber Forest Products for Livelihood Diversity in Southwest Ethopia.Agriculture and Forestry Issue,3(1), 44-59.
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[10] Dishan, E. E., Agishi, R., &Akosim, C., (2010).Women’s involvement in non-timber forest products utilization in the support zones of GashakaGumti National Park.Journal of Research in Forestry Wildlife and Environment. 2(1),22-31.
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[15] Malik, R.H, (2000). Sustainable Management of Non-timber Forest Products in Orissa: Some Issues and Option. Indian J. Agric. Econ., 55, 384 – 397.
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[17] Ogundele, F.O. Utin, E.O, Iwara A.I, Njar, G.N &Deekor T.N (2012). An assessment of Non-Timber Forest Products Utilization on Rural livelihood in Ini Local Government Area of AkwaIbom State Nigeria.Journal of Biediversity and Environment Sciences,2(8), 1-13.
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Emiri, U.N & Nnodim, A.U, “Influence of Forest Resources Utilization on the Livelihoods of rural farmers in Etche Ethnic Nationality, Rivers State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 Janaury 2021, pp.127-133 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/127-133.pdf

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Prediction of Overpressure using Effective Stress and Velocity Trend Methods in Unag field Offshore Niger Delta

Unuagba, T.Peter, Ideozu, R.U, Eze, Stanley, Osung, E.Wilson, Abolarin, O. Macpaul Janaury 2021 Page No.: 134-145

Pore pressure act on subsurface formation fluids where hydrostatic pressures are equivalent to normal pressures, and high formation pressures are greater than normal pressure. Approach used in predicting overpressure are effective stress and velocity methods. The former employs rock stress behaviour as proxy for overpressure prediction while the later uses deviation from normal compaction trend to predict overpressure. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating both methods in overpressure prediction. Well logs comprising of density, sonic and gamma ray logs from three wells Unag-001, 002 and 003 were used. Sonic logs were used to predict overpressure from velocity trend reversals, while density logs were used to generate 2D overburden trend which showed the effective stress of the wells and shale volume logs were generated from Gamma Ray logs. Shales are responsive to overpressure phenomena than sands because they are denser and characterized by low permeability, porosity and less resistive minerals, thus overpressure prediction was centred on shale deformation behaviour. Significant reduction in effective stress and shale density were used to identify overpressure zones while velocity reversal from sonic logs were used to validate this identification. Three overpressure zones A, B and C were identified across the three wells. In well-001, the top of overpressure zones A, B and C were identified at depth of 7600ft, 9200ft and 10500ft, for well-002 at 8100ft, 8700ft, 10300ft, and for well-003 at 8000ft, 10000t, 11800ft respectively. Based on our findings, loading mechanism of under compaction is deduced to be the overpressure mechanism in all the overpressure zones observed except for zone C in well-003, were overpressure is associated with unloading events.

  •  Page(s): 134-145
  •  Date of Publication: 21 February 2021
  •  Unuagba, T.Peter
    Department of Geology, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
  •  Ideozu, R.U
    Department of Geology, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
  •  Eze, Stanley
    Department of Marine Geology, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Delta State, Nigeria
  •  Osung, E.Wilson
    Department of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences, Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun, Nigeria
  •  Abolarin, O. Macpaul
    Department of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences, Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun, Nigeria

References

 

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Unuagba, T.Peter, Ideozu, R.U, Eze, Stanley, Osung, E.Wilson, Abolarin, O. Macpaul, “Prediction of Overpressure using Effective Stress and Velocity Trend Methods in Unag field Offshore Niger Delta” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 Janaury 2021, pp.134-145 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/134-145.pdf

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A new Family of Hybrid Classical Polynomial Kernels in Density Estimation

Benson Ade Afere Janaury 2021 Page No.: 145-151

Kernel density estimation over the years has been placing more emphasis on the problem of the choice of optimal bandwidth. Nonetheless, the kernel function still has some roles to perform in the curve smoothing settings. Thus, in this paper, a new family of hybrid polynomial kernels is proposed. A generalized error scheme of the proposed family of kernels is constructed. A Monte Carlo experiment is performed using three univariate densities and it was discovered that the proposed family of hybrid polynomial kernels have significant low asymptotic mean integrated square error as compared with the existing family of polynomial kernels in the literature especially as the order of the kernels increases. Four real life data sets were equally used to show the performance of the proposed new family. It was observed that the proposed hybrid kernels perform well for the data sets considered.

  •  Page(s): 145-151
  •  Date of Publication: 21 February 2021
  •  Benson Ade Afere
    Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Nigeria

References

 

[1]. Afere, B. A. (2010). A family of multivariate higher-order hybrid polynomial kernels in kernel density estimation, Ph.D Thesis, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
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[13]. Parzen, E. (1962). On the estimation of a probability density function and the mode, Annals of Mathematical Statistics 33, 1065 – 1076.
[14]. Ramsey, A. F. (2014). An application of kernel density estimation via diffusion to group yield insurance. Paper prepared for presentation at the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association’s 2014 AAEA Annual Meetings, Minneapolis, MN, July 27 – 29, 2014, https/www.ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/170173/2/diffusion_aaea.pdf.
[15]. Rosenblatt, M. (1956). Remarks on some nonparametric estimates of a density function, Annals of Mathematical Statistics 27, 832 – 837.
[16]. Scott, D. W. (1992). Multivariate Density Estimation: Theory, practice and visualization, John Wiley & Sons Inc. New York.
[17]. Shealter, S. J. (2004). Density estimation, Statistical Science, textbf19(4), 588 – 597.
[18]. Siloko, I. U., Siloko, E. A. and Ikpotokin, O. (2020). A mini review of dimensional effects on asymptotic mean integrated squared error and efficiencies of selected beta densities, Jordan Journal of Mathematics and Statistics (JJMS), 13(3), 327 – 340.
[19]. Silverman, B. W. (1986). Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis, Chapman and Hall, London.
[20]. Wand, M. P. and Jones, M. C. (1995), Kernel Smoothing, Chapman and Hall, London.

Benson Ade Afere, “A new Family of Hybrid Classical Polynomial Kernels in Density Estimation” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 Janaury 2021, pp.145-151 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/145-151.pdf

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Assessment of the Functionality of Workshop Facilities for Teaching in Industrial and Technology Education Programme

Usman, G. A., Kareem, W. B. & Akinpade, O. A January 2021 Page No.: 152-156

This study assessed the functionality of workshop facilities for teaching in industrial and technology education programme. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Data collected were analyzed using percentages. The study revealed that most of the facilities in different schools’ workshop are poorly managed and hinders effective instructional activities in Technical Education. The improper management and maintenance of workshop facilities is manifested in the large number of obsolete and unserviceable equipment prevalent in school workshops. The outcome of improper maintenance of workshop facilities result in the malfunction of the tools and equipment and this cripples effective teaching and acquisition of skills. Lack of functioning tools and equipment in most Nigerian universities seems to be worsened by the non-challant attitude of workers towards public property, and corruption. Indeed, most Nigerian workers feel since it is not a personal property, it should not be cared for properly. These situations have resulted to a lot of damages on equipment and facilities as well as wastages of money on repairs and purchasing of new equipment with the finance which could have been used for other things. The paper recommended that the maintenance of workshop facilities include employing experts who will be responsible for servicing and carrying out maintenance work on universities’ equipment during and after usage.

  •  Page(s): 152-156
  •  Date of Publication: 01 March 2021
  •  Usman, G. A
    Department of Industrial and Technology Education, School of Science and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna
  •  Kareem, W. B
    Department of Industrial and Technology Education, School of Science and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna
  •  Akinpade, O. A
    Department of Industrial and Technology Education, School of Science and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna

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Usman, G. A., Kareem, W. B. & Akinpade, O. A “Assessment of the Functionality of Workshop Facilities for Teaching in Industrial and Technology Education Programme” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.152-156 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/152-156.pdf

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Synthesis of Furfural from the Shea-Nut Waste Cake and Furfurylation of Wood Flakes and Wood Cellulose

Azeh Yakubu, Yohanna Bello Paiko, Gimba Alfred Janaury 2021 Page No.: 157-161

The shea-nut cake is a by-product of the shea-nut obtained after processing of the shea butter oil. Locals consider this a waste product and it is discarded into the environment or nearby river, which add to the pollution of the water system due to the presence of it residual oils. The shea-nut cake has found little and/ or no useful applications in most places globally. In some places it is incinerated in the open, which contributes to atmospheric pollution. It has found few applications as component of livestock feeds. Being a renewable material, it is imperative to find new and useful applications due to its relative abundance and workability. Furfural was synthesized by mineral acid hydrolysis using H2SO4 and HCl by dilute acid concentrations, catalyzed by CaCl2. The synthesized furfural was used in the form of its furan alcohol to modified wood cellulose /wood flakes by impregnation of the substrates. The products were characterized using FT-IR and NMR. The success of furfural synthesis from Shea-nut cake was revealed by the FT-IR bands at 3652-3108, 3090, 2922, 1840, 1722, 1617, 1613, 1585-1502 and 1461-1423, 2113, 2120 cm-1 for –COH, C-H, -C=C-C=O, C=O and C-O; the yield obtained was in the range of 73-80 %; physical parameters such as: density, boiling point, solubility in water and refractive index were similar to standard reports; and Furfurylation of cellulose was evidenced by the presence of absorption peaks of the furfural skeleton and the reduction in the –OH bands of cellulose.

  •  Page(s): 157-161
  •  Date of Publication: 01 March 2021
  •  Azeh Yakubu
    Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, P. M. B. 11, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
  •  Yohanna Bello Paiko
    Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, P. M. B. 11, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
  •  Gimba Alfred
    Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, P. M. B. 11, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria

References

 

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[6] Bianca, M. B., Jorge, L. C., Carla, P. T. C., Juliana, C. S., Fernando, B. G. and Flavia, N. O. (2015). Furfural production from lignocellulosics. 7th International Colloquium on Eucalyptus Pulp, May 26-29, 2015. Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
[7] Carette, C., Malotaux, M., Van Leewen, M. and Tolkamp, M. (2009): Shea nut and butter in Ghana, opportunities and constraints for local processing. PDF document available at: http://www.resilience-foundation.nl/docs/shea.pdf. accessed on 12/05/18.
[8] Charles, M. C., Taiying, Z., Rajeev, K. and Charles, E. W. (2014). Integrated furfural production as a renewable fuel and chemical platform from lignocellulosic biomass. J Chem Technol Biotechnol., 89, 2–10.
[9] Dalin Yebo Trading, (2004). http://www.dalinyebo.co.za/dyT/FurfuralMarket.htm.
[10] David, T. W. (2005). Furfural – Gold from Garbage. AU J.T. 8 (4), 185-190.
[11] Dei, H. K., Rose, S. P., Mackenzie, A. M. and Amarowicz, R. (2008). Growth performance of broiler chickens fed diets containing Shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa, Gaertn.) meal fermented with Aspergillus niger. Poultry Science, 87, 1773–1778.
[12] Danikuu, F. M., Quainoo, A. and Sowley, E.N.K. (2016). Removal of tannin from Shea nut cake by Pseudomonas strain. Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences, 5(1), 17-22.
[13] Elias, M. and Carney, J. (2007). African Shea butter: A feminized subsidy from nature. Africa, 77 (1), 37-62.
[14] Hall, J. B., Aebischer, P. D., Tomlinson, H. F., Osei-Amaning, E. and Hindle, J. R. (1996). Vitellaria paradoxa; a monograph. School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, UK. 105PP.
[15] Huber, G. W. and Dumesic, J. A. (2006). An overview of aqueous-phase catalytic processes for production of hydrogen and alkanes in a biorefinery. Catal. Today, 111, 119–132.
[16] Hayelom, G., Kiros, F., Tsegalaul, K. and Tsigehiwot, G. (2015). Synthesis of furfural from bagasse. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, 57, 72-84.
[17] Kelly, B. A. Hardy, O. and Bouvet, J-M. (2004). Temporal and spatial genetic structure in Vitellaria paradoxa (shea tree) in an agro forestry system in southern Mali. Molecular Ecology, 13, 1231-1240.
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[19] Machado, G., Leon, S., Santos, F., Lourega, R., Dullius, J., Mollmann, M. E. and Eichler, P. (2016). Literature Review on Furfural Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Natural Resources, 7, 115-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/nr.2016.73012
[20] Masoud, K. and Mohammad, R. Z. M. (2010). Furfural production from pisthachio green hulls as agricultural residues. Journal of Applied Chemical Researches, 3 (12), 20-24.
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[23] Ong, H. K. and Sashikala, M. (2007). Identification of furfural synthesized from pentosan in rice husk. J. Trop. Agric. and Fd. Sc. 35 (2), 305– 312.
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Azeh Yakubu, Yohanna Bello Paiko, Gimba Alfred, “Synthesis of Furfural from the Shea-Nut Waste Cake and Furfurylation of Wood Flakes and Wood Cellulose” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 Janaury 2021, pp.157-161 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/157-161.pdf

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Correlation, path coefficient and regression studies in some advanced lines of soybean grown in southern guinea savannah of Nigeria

Shaahu A, Abimaje G.O, Vange, T., Adedzwa, D.K., Amon T.E, and Nnamani G.C Janaury 2021 Page No.: 162-167

Twenty elite soybean genotypes were evaluated in three locations in 2010 cropping season at Teaching, Research and Experimental Farm of University of Agriculture Makurdi, the experimental farm of the AkperanOrshi College of Agriculture, Yandev–Gboko, Benue State; and Omala Local Government Department of Agriculture Model Nursery Farm, Abejukolo-Kogi State all located in the guinea savannah environment of Nigeria. The laid out was in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences among the genotypes for the traits such as nodule dry weight; days to 50% flowering; plant height at flowering; days to maturity; plant height at maturity; number of branches; number of seeds /pod; number of seeds/ plant; weight of 100 seeds; and seed yield. Genotype x location interaction was significant for days to 50% flowering; pod weight and number of seeds /pod for the traits studied. High heritability was observed in pod weight and number of seeds per plant. Association with seed yield revealed significance with one seed weight, number of sees per plant, and number of pods. Path coefficient analysis revealed direct effects of weight of one hundred seeds, number of pods per plant and weight of one hundred seeds had positive direct effects with yield.

  •  Page(s): 162-167
  •  Date of Publication: 05 March 2021
  •  Shaahu A
    National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Niger State, Nigeria,/br>Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
  •  Abimaje G.O
    Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
    Department of Agriculture, Yagba East Local Government Council, Kogi State, Nigeria
  •  Vange, T.
    Department of Agriculture, Yagba East Local Government Council, Kogi State, Nigeria
  •  Adedzwa, D.K.
    Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
  •  Amon T.E
    National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Niger State, Nigeria
  •  Nnamani G.C
    National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Niger State, Nigeria

References

 

[1] Acquaah, G. (2008) Principles of Genetics and Breeding. Blackwell Publishing Com. Pp. 519 – 530
[2] Akande, S.R., Taiwo, L.B., Adegbite, A.A. and Owolade, O.F. 2009.Enotype x environment interaction for soybean grain yield and other reproductive characters in the forest and savanna agro-ecologies of south-west Nigeria. African J. Plant Sci. 3(6):127-132
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[5] Iqbal S., Tariq M., Tahira M.A., Anwar M. and Ayub M.S. 2003.Path coefficient analysis in different genotypes of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). Pak.J. Bio. Sci. 6(12):1085-1087.
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components of soybean varieties. Pak. Journal of Agricultural Research.116,5-8.
[8] Malik, M F A, Qureshi A S, Ashiraf M and Ghafoor A. 2006.Genetic variability of the main yield relation characters in soybean.International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 8 (6) :815-819.
[9] Mehmet, O. Z, Abdullah K, A. Tanju, G., and Z. M Turan (2001).Interrelationships of Agronomical Characteristics in Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) Grown in Different Environments.International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. ISSN Print: 1560–8530; ISSN Online: 1814–9596.
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[11] Shaahu A., Bello L. L., Vange, T. and Maga, J. T. (2014).Assessment of Yield and Yield Components of Some Improved Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill) Genotypes Using Performance Index.International Journal of Applied Research and Technology.3(3): 80 – 86.
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Shaahu A, Abimaje G.O, Vange, T., Adedzwa, D.K., Amon T.E, and Nnamani G.C “Correlation, path coefficient and regression studies in some advanced lines of soybean grown in southern guinea savannah of Nigeria ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.5 issue 10 Janaury 2021, pp.162-167 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/162-167.pdf

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Pedological and Geotechnical Properties of Soils formed on Coastal Plain Sand of Imo State, Nigeria

Ignatius C. Onyechere, Emmanuel U. Onweremadu, Adaobi.U.Onyechere, Okoroafor D. Ohaerilam January 2021 Page No.: 168-174

The study investigated pedological and geotechnical soil properties and classified soils derived from Coastal Plain Sand (Benin formation) in Imo State, Nigeria. In siting the profile pit, free soil survey technique was used. Three profile pits were investigated. Hand held Global Positioning System (GPS) Receiver was used to geo-referenced the profile pits. FAO guidelines were also used to describe the profile pits. From each horizon of the profile, we collected soil samples starting from the deepest horizon upwards. Soil samples were also collected at a depth of 100 – 200cm geotechnical studies. For standard routine analysis, soil samples were dried in the open air and sieved. For soil data analysis, the mean and percentage coefficient of variation were used. Colour of the soils ranged from 2.5YR to 5YR with clay content 103.2-199.2g/kg, silt content 10-60g/kg and sand content 760.8-876.8g/kg. The bulk density ranged from 1.18 to 1.58Mg/m3 and Porosity, 404-555g/kg. The soils were acidic with pH range 4.2-5.6. Organic matter content ranged from 1.40-2.33g/kg with TEB, 1.11-3.97cmol/kg, Available Phosphorous, 16.87-11.69mg/kg and TEA, 0.40-2.56 Cmol/kg. Results of geotechnical properties revealed maximum dry density (≥1.7mg/m3), shear strength (≥93KN/m2), angle of internal friction (≥26.60), and ultimate bearing capacity (≥363KN/m2). The soils were classified under USDA Taxonomy as Typic Hapludult and WRB as Nitic Acrisols. Under USCS, Obinze and Mgbirichi were classified as Clayey Sand (SC) and Umuagwo as Silty Sands (SM).

  •  Page(s): 168-174
  •  Date of Publication: 07 March 2021
  •  Ignatius C. Onyechere
    Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria.
  •  Emmanuel U. Onweremadu
    Department of Soil Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria.
  •  Adaobi.U.Onyechere
    Department of Soil Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria.
  •  Okoroafor D. Ohaerilam
    Department of Soil Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria.

References

 

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Ignatius C. Onyechere, Emmanuel U. Onweremadu, Adaobi.U.Onyechere, Okoroafor D. Ohaerilam, “Pedological and Geotechnical Properties of Soils formed on Coastal Plain Sand of Imo State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science -IJRIAS vol.6 issue 1 January 2021, pp.168-174 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/Vol.6&Issue1/168-174.pdf

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